EP0643816B2 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zur einstellung der rauchgastemperatur am austritt eines dampferzeugers - Google Patents
Verfahren und vorrichtung zur einstellung der rauchgastemperatur am austritt eines dampferzeugers Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0643816B2 EP0643816B2 EP93907804A EP93907804A EP0643816B2 EP 0643816 B2 EP0643816 B2 EP 0643816B2 EP 93907804 A EP93907804 A EP 93907804A EP 93907804 A EP93907804 A EP 93907804A EP 0643816 B2 EP0643816 B2 EP 0643816B2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- flue gas
- steam generator
- gas temperature
- heating surface
- sections
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
- F22D1/00—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
- F22D1/02—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters with water tubes arranged in the boiler furnace, fire tubes, or flue ways
- F22D1/12—Control devices, e.g. for regulating steam temperature
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and a Device for adjusting the flue gas temperature at the outlet of one used in a smoldering furnace Steam generator, one for heat transfer between the flue gas and the feed water has usable heating surface, and the flue gas side a cleaning system is connected downstream.
- a steam generator is by indirect Heat exchange between hot flue gas and feed water in a water-steam cycle steam, e.g. generated for a steam turbine.
- the flue gas is burned by a fossil fuel in a combustion chamber of the smoldering plant (EP-PS 0 340 537).
- the feed water flows along inside the steam generator one usually in the form of tubes or tube bundles trained heating surface and takes heat from the flue gas.
- the cooled flue gas is at Exit from the steam generator first cleaned and then released into the environment via a fireplace.
- Another method is called a part of the Flue gas bypassing the heating surface on The steam generator exits the cooled flue gas admixed so that a predetermined flue gas temperature can be observed.
- the disadvantage is the provision of a voluminous flue gas bypass.
- a temperature control is also due of strands that form when mixed extremely difficult.
- the invention is therefore based on the object a particularly simple procedure for setting the Specify flue gas temperature.
- the procedure are suitable for regulation in which a Lowering the flue gas temperature at the outlet of the Steam generator, which simultaneously enters a cleaning system is safely avoided below a minimum value is.
- the simplest possible device with a high overall efficiency is achievable.
- this object is achieved according to the invention solved in that the heat transfer depending on the effective heating surface used is changed by the flue gas temperature, where there is a deviation in the flue gas temperature from one above the minimum permissible flue gas temperature setpoint for flue gas cleaning one behind the other in the flow direction of the feed water arranged sections of the heating surface zuoder be switched off.
- Flue gas temperature especially during part-load operation, when flowing in the opposite direction to the flue gas flow Feed water first the exit of the Steam generator nearest section of the heating surface off.
- Flue gas temperatures With increasing lowering of the Flue gas temperatures are in the opposite direction Flow direction of the flue gas further sections switched off one after the other. This can be done again increasing smoke temperature in reverse order can be switched on in succession.
- the object is achieved according to the invention solved by the fact that the flowing Heating water used heating surface depending on the flue gas temperature is controllable, the heating surface a number of individually switchable or switchable Includes sections in the flow direction of the Flue gas arranged one behind the other and from the feed water Can be flowed through in the opposite direction are.
- Each section can have a Actuator connected.
- Suite can Section expediently an entry collector at the entrance for collecting feed water.
- the device advantageously comprises one connected on the output side to at least one actuator Controller whose input variable is the actual value of the Is the flue gas temperature.
- the steam generator 1 shown in Figure 1 is, for. B. Part of a smoldering plant not shown. It comprises a combustion chamber 2, which has a Flue gas duct 3 is connected to a waste heat boiler 4. Within the waste heat boiler 4 are heating surfaces 5 in Form of tubes or tube bundles, e.g. hanging, arranged.
- the steam generator 1 is on the output side via a Flue gas line 6 connected to a cleaning system 7.
- the cleaning system 7 includes one Spray dryer B, to which a separator 9, e.g. an electro filter, and a wet cleaner 10 are connected downstream.
- the Wet cleaner 10 is connected to the spray dryer via a line 11 8 connected.
- the flue gas line 6 opens behind the cleaning system 7 in a chimney 12.
- a temperature sensor 13 At the outlet of the steam generator 1 is a temperature sensor 13 provided, which is connected to a controller 14 is.
- the controller 14 is on the output side with a Number of actuators designated as a whole by 15 connected in the form of valves 15a, 15b, 15c ( Figure 2).
- the Actuators 15 the distribution of a line 30 in the steam generator 1 entering feed water S on an economizer heating surface that is used for preheating of the feed water S is influenced.
- the flue gas R generated in the combustion chamber 2 is guided through the steam generator 1 along the arrows shown. In this case, heat is transferred from the hot flue gas R via the heating surfaces 5 to the feed water S flowing in a water-steam cycle of a steam turbine (not shown in more detail).
- the cooled flue gas R leaving the steam generator 1 is cleaned in the cleaning system 7.
- the flue gas temperature T i at the outlet of the steam generator 1 is still approximately 220 ° C. at full load.
- the cleaning takes place inside the wet cleaner 10 by means of a washing liquid, the alkaline components, e.g. Sodium hydroxide.
- the alkaline Form components with contained in the flue gas R. acidic, e.g. chlorine-containing substances as reaction products essentially salts.
- the washing liquid is over along with the reaction products the line 11 is fed to the spray dryer 8. There will the washing liquid through contact with the flue gas R evaporates.
- the dried at the same time as the evaporation Reaction products, i.e. essentially the Salts are separated in the filter 9.
- the Flue gas R is in the cleaning system 7 on a Cooled temperature of about 70 ° C.
- each is for preheating the Feed water S serving economizer heating surface 5 in a number of successive sections, preferably divided into three sections 20 to 22.
- everyone the sections 20, 21 and 22 is both on the input side and on the output side with a collector 23, 24, 25 and 26 connected.
- each of the sections 20 to 22 via the entry collectors 23, 24, 25 connected to one of the valves 15a, 15b and 15c.
- the Valves 15a, 15b, 15c are connected to a common feed water line 30 connected.
- the collector is 26 via a line 31 in a manner not shown and Way with the other heating surfaces 5 of the steam generator 1 connected.
- the feed water S is conducted in countercurrent to the direction of flow of the flue gas R through meandering tube bundles 35, the walls of which form the heating surface 5.
- the flue gas R is cooled, the valve 15a first being open and the valves 15b and 15c being closed.
- the flue gas temperature T i drops at the outlet of the steam generator 1, the heating surface 5 effectively used for heat transfer is reduced.
- valve 15b is first opened and valve 15a is closed.
- the valve 15c then remains closed. If the flue gas temperature T i continues to drop, for example when the flue gas temperature T i has reached the value which is just permissible for trouble-free flue gas cleaning during partial load operation, the valve 15c is opened and the valve 15b is also closed.
- the sections 20 and 21 of the heating surface 5 are then switched off and thus separated from the water-steam cycle.
- the feed water S remains in the pipes 35 of the sections 20 and 21 which are not flowed through. Since the boiling temperature of the water is always higher than the flue gas temperature in this area of the waste heat boiler 4 under the prevailing pressure conditions, the sections 20, 21 of the heating surface 5 which are not flowed through cannot evaporate.
- the heating surface 5 which is effectively used for heat transfer is increasingly increased.
- the sections 20 and 21 of the heating surface 5, depending on the flue gas temperature T i at the outlet of the steam generator 1, are switched on again one after the other in the water-steam cycle by corresponding switching of the valves 15a, 15b, 15c.
- the regulation takes place via the controller 14, which emits corresponding control signals to the valves 15a, 15b, 15c.
- the control signals are derived from a comparison value, which is formed from a deviation of the measured flue gas temperature T i (actual value) from a target value T s .
- the device for temperature control comprises therefore only short connecting lines on the feed water side between the feed water pipe 30 and at least two or more valves 15a, 15b, 15c.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)
- Chimneys And Flues (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
- Devices For Medical Bathing And Washing (AREA)
Description
Claims (6)
- Verfahren zur Steuerung der Rauchgastemperatur am Austritt eines Dampferzeugers mit einer zur Wärmeübertragung zwischen dem Rauchgas (R) und dem Speisewasser (S) nutzbaren Heizfläche (5), wobei das abgekühlte Rauchgas (R) bei Austritt aus dem Dampferzeuger gereinigt wird,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zur Wärmeübertragung jeweils wirksam genutzte Heizfläche (5) in Abhängigkeit von der Rauchgastemperatur (Ti) verändert wird, wobei bei einer Abweichung der Rauchgastemperatur (Ti) von einem oberhalb der minimal zulässigen Rauchgastemperatur für die Rauchgasreinigung liegenden Sollwert (Ts) in Strömungsrichtung des Speisewassers (S) hintereinander angeordnete Abschnitte (20, 21, 22) der Heizfläche (5) zu- oder abgeschaltet werden. - Verfahren nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei Absinken der Rauchgastemperatur (Ti) bei in Gegenrichtung zur Rauchgasströmung strömendem Speisewasser (S) zunächst der dem Austritt des Dampferzeugers (1) nächstliegende Abschnitt (20) der Heizfläche (5) abgeschaltet wird. - Vorrichtung zur Einstellung der Rauchgastemperatur (Ti) am Austritt eines Dempferzeugers (1), dem rauchgasseitig eine Rauchgasreinigungsanlage (7) nachgeschaltet ist, wobei der Dampferzeuger (1) eine zur Wärmeübertragung zwischen dem Rauchgas (R) und dem Speisewasser (S) nutzbare Heizfläche (5) aufweist, wobei die Heizfläche (5) in eine Anzahl von Abschnitten (20, 21, 22) unterteilt ist, von denen jeder Abschnitt (20, 21, 22) einzein zu- oder abschaltbar ist,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zur Messung der Rauchgastemperatur (Ti) am Austritt des Dampferzeugers (1) ein Temperatursensor (13) vorgesehen ist, und daß ein Regler (14) vorgesehen ist, so daß die vom strömenden Speisewasser (S) genutzte Heizfläche (5) in Abhängigkeit von der Rauchgastemperatur (Ti) steuerbar ist. - Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Abschnitte (20, 21, 22) in Strömungsrichtung des Rauchgases (R) hintereinander angeordnet und vom Speisewasser (S) in Gegenrichtung nacheinander durchströmbar sind, wobei jeder Abschnitt (20, 21, 22) eingangsseitig mit einem Stellglied (15a, 15b, 15c) verbunden ist. - Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jeder Abschnitt (20, 21, 22) am Eintritt einen Eintrittssammler (23, 24 bzw. 25) zum Sammeln von Speisewasser (S) aufweist. - Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4 oder 5,
gekennzeichnet durch einen ausgangsseitig mit mindestens einem Stellglied (15) verbundenen Regler (14), dessen Eingangsgröße der Ist-Wert der Rauchgastemperatur (Ti) ist.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4218016 | 1992-06-01 | ||
DE4218016A DE4218016A1 (de) | 1992-06-01 | 1992-06-01 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Regelung der Rauchgastemperatur am Austritt eines Dampferzeugers |
PCT/DE1993/000340 WO1993024790A1 (de) | 1992-06-01 | 1993-04-19 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur einstellung der rauchgastemperatur am austritt eines dampferzeugers |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0643816A1 EP0643816A1 (de) | 1995-03-22 |
EP0643816B1 EP0643816B1 (de) | 1996-10-16 |
EP0643816B2 true EP0643816B2 (de) | 2003-10-29 |
Family
ID=6460138
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP93907804A Expired - Lifetime EP0643816B2 (de) | 1992-06-01 | 1993-04-19 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur einstellung der rauchgastemperatur am austritt eines dampferzeugers |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0643816B2 (de) |
JP (1) | JPH07503530A (de) |
CN (1) | CN1044403C (de) |
DE (2) | DE4218016A1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2094536T5 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1993024790A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DK0745807T3 (da) * | 1995-05-31 | 2000-02-21 | Asea Brown Boveri | Dampgenerator |
FI970438A0 (fi) * | 1996-12-19 | 1997-02-03 | Kvaerner Pulping Oy | Foerfarande i panna, saerskilt i sodapanna |
DE10004187C5 (de) * | 2000-02-01 | 2013-06-06 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Gas- und Dampfturbinenanlage sowie danach arbeitende Anlage |
US9297278B2 (en) | 2011-05-27 | 2016-03-29 | General Electric Company | Variable feedwater heater cycle |
JP5995685B2 (ja) * | 2012-11-27 | 2016-09-21 | クボタ環境サ−ビス株式会社 | 廃熱回収設備 |
DE102013211376B4 (de) * | 2013-06-18 | 2015-07-16 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Regelung der Eindüsung von Wasser in den Rauchgaskanal einer Gas- und Dampfturbinenanlage |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3040719A (en) * | 1952-04-21 | 1962-06-26 | Bailey Meter Co | Vapor generating and superheating systems |
US3807364A (en) * | 1972-07-20 | 1974-04-30 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Mixing header |
JPS5836243B2 (ja) * | 1979-12-15 | 1983-08-08 | 工業技術院長 | 蒸気発生器 |
DE3344712C1 (de) * | 1983-12-10 | 1985-04-18 | Balcke-Dürr AG, 4030 Ratingen | Dampferzeuger |
DK154731C (da) * | 1985-05-21 | 1989-05-08 | Burmeister & Wains Energi | Dampkedel med katalytisk roeggasbehandling samt fremgangsmaade ved drift af kedelen |
JP2592061B2 (ja) * | 1986-06-02 | 1997-03-19 | バブコツク日立株式会社 | 排熱回収ボイラ |
US4799461A (en) * | 1987-03-05 | 1989-01-24 | Babcock Hitachi Kabushiki Kaisha | Waste heat recovery boiler |
-
1992
- 1992-06-01 DE DE4218016A patent/DE4218016A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1993
- 1993-04-19 DE DE59304208T patent/DE59304208D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-04-19 EP EP93907804A patent/EP0643816B2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-04-19 JP JP6500067A patent/JPH07503530A/ja active Pending
- 1993-04-19 ES ES93907804T patent/ES2094536T5/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-04-19 WO PCT/DE1993/000340 patent/WO1993024790A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 1993-05-28 CN CN93106571A patent/CN1044403C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1044403C (zh) | 1999-07-28 |
EP0643816A1 (de) | 1995-03-22 |
JPH07503530A (ja) | 1995-04-13 |
WO1993024790A1 (de) | 1993-12-09 |
DE4218016A1 (de) | 1993-12-02 |
CN1080040A (zh) | 1993-12-29 |
ES2094536T3 (es) | 1997-01-16 |
ES2094536T5 (es) | 2004-07-01 |
EP0643816B1 (de) | 1996-10-16 |
DE59304208D1 (de) | 1996-11-21 |
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