EP0641912B1 - Hangar - Google Patents

Abstract

A door beam (5) is provided above the entrance opening of a hangar. In order to dissipate the roof load and use load loading the door beam (5), said door beam (5) is supported by at least one underlying structure (1), which may be combined with a sliding-door leaf (1'). Provided on the lower and upper borders of the underlying structure (1) are rollers (9, 10), which are spaced apart at regular intervals from one another. In order to ensure uniform loading both of the upper bearing means of the door beam (5) and of the bottom foundation (6), pairs of upper rollers (9) are in each case mounted, via levers (7), on supports (16) which are guided in a vertically displaceable manner in the sliding-door area (1'). A freely rotatable pulley (15) is, furthermore, mounted on each support (16). A steel cable (18) is laid over each pulley (15) such that it loops around said pulleys (15) at the bottom in each case, which cable, in addition, is guided over deflection pulleys (14), mounted in a freely rotatable manner on the underlying structure (1), and is fixed on said underlying structure (1) by means of its ends (19). Consequently, the upper rollers (9) can only absorb forces of the same magnitude as the forces which are transferred, uniformly and of the same magnitude, from the lower rollers (10), which are mounted, via levers (7'), on push rods (20) which are fastened on the underlying structure (1), to the foundation (6). <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a hall with an entrance opening, above which a door support resting at its ends on hall end supports is provided, and with a foundation, in particular a strip foundation, at the lower edge of the entrance opening.

Such a hall is known from US-A-3 169 574 and US-A-3 389 514.

When building hangar systems for the adjustment and maintenance of commercial aircraft, halls for the simultaneous adjustment of two or more aircraft are preferred, with hangar widths of 130 to 160 m and hangar depths of 65 to 90 m due to the wing spans of medium-sized to large aircraft.

Because of the large spans, these hangar widths require very heavy and high door racks, since they usually have to carry a good part of the roof load and all payloads from wind, snow, indoor crane loads etc. over the large span to the end supports.

These goal supports are not only very expensive, but also obstruct the view of the air traffic controllers due to their height, they are strong radar reflectors and, due to the high height of the structure in relation to the required interior height, also require greater safety distances from the runways.

Rigid intermediate supports (shelters) of the goal support are unusual because of the less flexibility when setting and maneuvering aircraft of different sizes.

The invention aims to provide along the goal level, and preferably integrated into individual goal leaves, one or a plurality of preferably mutually displaceable supports of the goal carrier, which, due to their constructive design, enable uniform loading of both the goal carrier and the strip foundation.

In order to solve this problem, the invention provides that the door support is supported by at least one support that is displaceably guided to the foundation by rollers on the door support and on the foundation.

The invention reduces the free span of the door support between the supports (insinuations) required for the entry of aircraft to approximately one third to two thirds of the total length of the door support, with freely selectable entry openings for different setting variants of aircraft at significantly lower costs and dimensions of the door support in the hangar (hall).

The solution to the problem of dividing the door support load on several movable supports and their support wheels (rollers on the supports), in particular evenly, can be achieved with mechanical as well as hydraulic construction means and with a combination of both options.

In a particularly simple and inexpensive embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the shelter is integrated in a door leaf which can be moved to open or close the entrance opening. Separate, i.e. Supplements separate from the door leaf or leaves are unnecessary in this embodiment of the invention.

A robust construction results if it is provided according to a proposal of the invention that the rollers at the top of the shelter on the one hand and the rollers at the bottom of the shelter on the other are freely rotatably mounted on levers, and that the levers are pivotally mounted on the shelter . For example, the forces introduced by the door support into the shelter can be easily and effectively distributed to the rollers. It is preferred according to the invention if the levers are levers of the same arm.

In particular with larger dimensions of the hall and with several roles on the shelter, an embodiment of the invention proves itself, which is characterized in that the Roller-bearing levers are in turn pivotally mounted at the ends of further levers pivotally mounted in the position. The advantageous effect of this embodiment can be further increased if the further levers are pivotably mounted at the ends of a further lever pivotably mounted in the position.

It is advantageous in the invention if the levers which support the levers which carry the rollers are coupled at the upper edge of the shelter via a lever which is pivotably mounted on a support body, and that the further levers at the lower edge of the Shelter at pivotally spaced locations of the support body. In this way, the rollers provided at the top and at the bottom of the shelter can be coupled to one another simply and reliably without the objective of the invention being impaired.

Instead of a mechanical solution to the problem on which the invention is based, it can also be provided that the rollers at the upper edge of the shelter are connected to one another with supports at the lower edge of the shelter, and that hydraulically connected piston-cylinder arrangements are provided in the supports are. This embodiment has the advantage that the maintenance effort is small since no mechanical components need to be serviced. In the hydraulic solution, too, it can be provided that the rollers are connected at the upper edge of the shelter via levers of the same arm, which are pivotably mounted on the supports. Furthermore, it can be provided that the rollers are connected to the supports at the lower edge of the shelter via levers of the same arm.

An advantageous embodiment results when the levers carrying the rollers provided at the upper edge of the shelter and the levers carrying the rollers provided at the lower edge of the shelter are pivotably connected to the supports, since any unevenness in the door support and in the strip foundation can be compensated for.

For reasons of symmetry, it is preferred within the scope of the invention if an even number of rollers is provided on the upper edge of the shelter and on the lower edge of the shelter.

The uniform distribution of the forces on the rollers is improved if the rollers are at equal distances from one another at the upper edge of the shelter. With the same advantageous effect, the rollers at the lower edge of the shelter can have the same distances from one another.

In a preferred embodiment of the hall according to the invention, this is characterized in that the rollers are arranged on the upper edge of the shelter or the levers carrying them on push rods which are guided vertically displaceably on the shelter and that the push rods are coupled to one another via a flexible tension member . In this way, the forces introduced by the door support into the shelter are distributed with simple mechanical means to the rollers provided at the top and at the bottom of the shelter, which is, for example, a door bracket.

In a structurally simple embodiment it can be provided that the flexible tension member on the push rods loops around freely rotatably mounted rollers.

The tension required for the function of this embodiment in the tension member, which can be a rope or a chain, is achieved in a simple manner in that, according to a proposal of the invention, the ends of the tension member are attached to the support.

The tension member provided in this embodiment can be guided on the shelter in various ways. It is preferred in the invention that the tension member is guided around deflection rollers rotatably mounted on both sides of the push rods on the support. It is preferred that the deflection rollers on the shelter are arranged higher than the rollers on the push rods. To keep the To ensure push rods on the shelter, it is provided according to a proposal of the invention that the push rods are guided in guides provided on the shelter.

The embodiment of the hall according to the invention with a tension member can also be characterized in that the flexible tension member is biased by a biasing means acting on the push rods. In particular, if it is provided that the pretensioning means is a flexible tension element which acts on the push rods via the rollers mounted on them, the tension member is pretensioned and part of its elasticity is reduced by the pretensioning means. When the forces acting on the hypothesis are increased, the tension member stretches less. At the same time, the tension element of the pretensioning means is temporarily relieved.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention it can be provided that the tension element wraps around the rollers from above.

In order to simplify the guiding of the tension element serving as pretensioning means for the tension member, the invention proposes in one embodiment that the tension element is guided around deflection rollers which are rotatably mounted on both sides of the push rods on the support. It can be provided here that the deflection rollers on the shelter are arranged lower than the rollers on the push rods.

For reasons of simple construction, it is preferred in the context of the invention that the tension element is attached with its ends to the shelter.

• Fig. 1 bis 3 in Draufsicht Varianten von Flugzeughangars,
• Fig. 4 einen Flugzeughangar im Querschnitt,
• Fig. 5 einen Flugzeughangar mit zwei unterstützenden Torblättern in Schrägansicht,
• Fig. 6 eine Ausführungsform eines unterstützenden Torfblattes,
• Fig. 7 eine andere Ausführungsform eines unterstützenden Torblattes,
• Fig. 8 eine Einzelheit zu Fig. 7,
• Fig. 9 eine weitere Ausführungsform eines unterstützenden Torblattes und
• Fig. 10 eine gegenüber Fig. 9 weiterentwickelte Ausführungsform.

The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawings in which the invention is shown. Show it:

• 1 to 3 in plan view variants of aircraft hangars,
• 4 shows an aircraft hangar in cross section,
• 5 shows an aircraft hangar with two supporting door leaves in an oblique view,
• 6 shows an embodiment of a supporting peat leaf,
• 7 shows another embodiment of a supporting door leaf,
• 8 shows a detail of FIG. 7,
• Fig. 9 shows another embodiment of a supporting door leaf and
• FIG. 10 shows an embodiment developed further than FIG. 9.

1, 2 and 3 show in plan different hangar sizes and setting configurations which are common today, one or two supporting door leaves 1 'and two non-supporting leaves 2 being provided in the entrance opening of the hangar.

Fig. 4 shows a hangar in cross section with a roof structure 4, which is deposited above the entrance opening on a front door support 5, which in turn rests with its ends on hall end supports and is supported by the supporting door leaves 1 '.

5 shows as an example the hangar shown in FIG. 2 in a schematic perspective with the roof 4, the door support 5, the strip foundation 6 along the entrance opening, the supporting door leaves 1 'and the non-supporting door leaves 2. FIG. 5 also shows that the non-supporting door leaves 2 are only slidably guided over two upper and two lower rollers 2 'on the door support 5 and on the strip foundation 6. On the other hand, several (in the exemplary embodiment eight) rollers 9 are provided on the upper edge of the door leaves 1 'and also several rollers 10 are provided on the lower edge of the door leaves 1'. The rollers 9 and 10 have identical distances from each other. There is also an upper roller 9 vertically above a lower roller 10.

Fig. 6 shows the mechanical solution of the load distribution from the door support 5 to the strip foundation 6 via levers 7, 7 'and 7' ', which, coupled via joints 8, only absorb the bearing pressures of the upper rollers 9 to the same size and to the lower rollers 10 of the same size submit. Furthermore, the bearing pressures from the lower rollers 10 are distributed evenly, i.e. delivered to the strip foundation 6 in the same partial loads.

Specifically, in the "mechanical" solution shown in FIG. 6, a series of four equally long, first levers 7, at the ends of which the rollers 9 are freely rotatable, are provided. Each of the first levers 7 is supported via a joint 8 at its center at the ends of a second lever 7 '(a total of two second levers 7' are provided). The second levers 7 ′ are supported via joints 8 on a third lever 7 ″, which is pivotably mounted on a support body 20 via a joint 8. The triangular support body 20 in the exemplary embodiment shown has joints 8 at the two ends of its base for the second lever 7 'at the lower end of the support 1 formed by the door leaf 1', at the ends of which two first levers 7 are each pivotably mounted via joints 8, whereby the lower rollers 10 are freely rotatably supported at the ends of the first levers 7.

7 shows the hydraulic solution to the object on which the invention is based, the bearing forces of the upper rollers 9 mounted in pairs on levers 7 being conducted via pistons provided at the lower end of supports 11 into oil-filled cylinders 12 which are communicatively connected to one another via lines 13, so that only equally large forces can be absorbed and can be delivered to the strip foundation 6 with an even size from the cylinders 12 located below the cylinders 10 connected to them via levers 7.

Fig. 8 shows one of the hydraulic supports 11 in detail. It can be seen that the upper rollers 9 are freely rotatably mounted on a lever 7 and on the underside of the door support 5, for example on a rail provided there or in a run the groove provided there. The four upper levers 7 are all of the same length and are arranged such that there is an equal distance between the upper and lower rollers 9 and 10, as in FIG. 6. The levers 7 are connected via joints 8 to supports 11, at the free ends of which the pistons are provided, which are slidably received in cylinders 12 in the region of the lower sections of the supports 11. The cylinders 12 carry the levers 7, at the free ends of which the lower rollers 10 are freely rotatably supported, via joints 8. The lower rollers 10 run on the foundation 6 provided below the door support 5, for example the strip foundation 6 or on one on or in this intended guide rail. As in the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, all of the upper rollers 9 have identical distances from one another, which also applies to the lower rollers 10. In addition, an upper roller 9 is arranged above each lower roller 10.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 9, several - in the exemplary embodiment shown four - push rods 16 are mounted vertically displaceably in guides 17 on the door leaf 1 'serving as the underpinning 1. The push rods 16 carry at their upper ends via joints 8 levers 7, on which the upper rollers 9 are mounted. At the lower ends of the connecting rods 20, which are connected to the door leaf 1 serving as shelter 1 and aligned with the push rods 16, 8 levers 7 are mounted via joints, which carry the freely rotatable lower rollers 10 at their ends. The upper rollers 9 run on the underside of the upper gate support 5 e.g. on a rail provided there or in a groove provided there. The lower rollers 10 run on the upward facing surface of the strip foundation 6 e.g. on a rail.

A roller 15 is freely rotatably mounted on each push rod 16, the axis of rotation of which is oriented essentially horizontally and perpendicular to the door leaf 1 '. On both sides of each push rod 16 15 deflection rollers 14 are freely rotatably mounted on the door leaf 1 'above the rollers. As shown in Fig. 9, a flexible tension member 18 is, for example, a Steel cable or a chain, placed over the rollers 14 and loops around each of the rollers 15 on the push rods 16 from below. The two ends 19 of the flexible, but practically not too elastic tension member 18 are attached to the sliding gate field 1. A multi-strand steel cable is preferably used as the flexible tension member 18.

It should also be pointed out that the guides 17 for the push rods 16 are fastened in a vertically aligned manner in the region of the upper edge of the sliding gate leaf 1 ', that is to say the underlay 1.

The arrangement of the push rods 16 coupled to one another via the tension member 18 achieves the above-described uniform distribution of the load on all the rollers 9 and 10.

FIG. 10 shows an embodiment corresponding in principle to the embodiment shown in FIG. 9 and described with reference to this figure, in which a pretensioning is provided for the flexible tension member 18. The pretensioning is achieved by means of a tension element 21 fastened with its two ends in the door leaf 1 ', which serves as a pretensioning means. The tension element 21, like the tension member 18, can be a steel cable, preferably a multi-strand steel cable, or a chain.

The tension element 21 is guided via deflection rollers 22 which are freely rotatably mounted on the door leaf 1 'in the exemplary embodiment shown and loops around each of the rollers 15 which are freely rotatably mounted on the push rods 16 from above. It is preferred that the rollers 15 have two circumferential grooves, one for the tension member 18 and one for the tension element 21, or there are simply two rollers 15, for example on opposite sides of the push rods 16, which are freely rotatably mounted and arranged coaxially with one another can be provided. Due to the arrangement of the tension element 21 serving as a pre-tensioning means, the tension member 18, which causes the uniform load distribution (automatically) is pre-tensioned and is less prone when the lever 8 and the push rods 16 force from the door support 5 via the upper rollers 9 into the position 1 ( eg the door leaf 1 ') can be initiated as if it wasn't biased.
In summary, the invention can be represented as follows, for example:

A gate support 5 is provided above the entrance opening of a hangar. In order to carry off the roof load and payload that are loading the door support 5, the door support 5 is supported by at least one substructure 1, which can be combined with a sliding door leaf 1 '. At the lower and upper edge of the shelter 1, rollers 9, 10 are provided, which are equally spaced from each other. In order to ensure a uniform load on both the upper support of the door support 5 and the lower foundation 6, pairs of upper rollers 9 are each supported via levers 7 on supports 16 which are guided vertically displaceably in the sliding gate field 1 '. A freely rotatable roller 15 is also mounted on each support 16. A steel cable 18 which loops around the rollers 15 is placed over each roller 15 and is additionally guided over deflection rollers 14 which are freely rotatably mounted on the support 1 and is fixed with its ends 19 to the support 1. For example, only the same forces can be absorbed by the upper rollers 9, which are released by the lower rollers 10, which are mounted on push rods 20, which are attached to the support 1, on levers 7, uniformly and only of the same size to the foundation 6 will.

Claims (31)

1. Hangar with a gateway opening above which there is provided a gate girder (5) lying with its ends on end supports of the hangar, and with a footing (6), especially a strip-like footing, at the lower edge of the gateway opening, characterised in that the gate girder (5) is supported by at least one girder support (1) at the footing (6) displaceably guided via rollers (9, 10) on the gate girder (5) and on the footing (6).
2. Hangar according to claim 1, characterised in that the rollers (9) are mounted on the one hand on the upper edge of the girder support (1), and the rollers (10) on the lower edge of the girder support (1) on the other hand, in such a way that the forces passed from he gate girder (5) into the girder support (1) are distributed on to the rollers (9, 10).
3. Hangar according to claim 2, characterised in that the forces are distributed uniformly on to the rollers (9, 10).
4. Hangar according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the girder support (1) is integrated into a gate leaf (1') which is movable in order to open and close the gateway opening.
5. Hangar according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the rollers (9) are freely rotatably mounted on levers (7) on the upper edge of the girder support (1) on the one hand, and the rollers (10) on the lower edge of the girder support (1) on the other hand, and in that the levers (7) are pivotably mounted on the girder support (1).
6. Hangar according to claim 5, characterised in that the levers (7) have arms of equal length.
7. Hangar according to claim 5 or 6, characterised in that the levers (7) carrying the rollers (9, 10) are pivotably mounted on the ends of further levers (7') pivotably mounted on the girder support (1).
8. Hangar according to claim 7, characterised in that the further levers (7') are pivotably mounted on the ends of a further lever (7") pivotably mounted on the girder support (1).
9. Hangar according to 8, characterised in that the levers (7'), which support the levers (7), which carry the rollers (9), are coupled at the upper edge of the girder support (1) via a lever (7") which is pivotably mounted on a support member (20), and in that the further levers (7') are pivotably mounted on the lower edge of the girder support (1) at points on the support member (20) which are spaced apart.
10. Hangar according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the rollers (9) are interconnected at the upper edge of the girder support (1) with the rollers (10) at the lower edge of the girder support (1) via supports (11), and that hydraulically-interconnected piston-cylinder arrangements (12) are provided in the supports (11).
11. Hangar according to claim 10, characterised in that the rollers (9) are connected to the upper edge of the girder support (1) via equal-armed levers (7) which are pivotably mounted on the supports (11).
12. Hangar according to claim 10 or 11, characterised in that the rollers (10) are connected at the lower edge of the girder support (1) to the supports (11) via equal-armed levers (7).
13. Hangar according to claim 11 or 12, characterised in that the levers (7) which carry the rollers (9) provided at the upper edge of the girder support (1), and the levers (7) which carry the rollers (10) provided at the lower edge of the girder support (1), are pivotably connected with the supports (11).
14. Hangar according to one of claims 10 to 13, characterised in that each support is subdivided into two sections, and in that , of the piston-cylinder arrangement (12), the piston is mounted on one section of each support (11) and the cylinder is mounted on the other section.
15. Hangar according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the rollers (9) at the upper edge of the girder support (1), or the levers (7) carrying them, are disposed on push rods (16) which are vertically displaceably guided on the girder support (1), and in that the push rods (16) are coupled together by a flexible tension member (18).
16. Hangar according to claim 15, characterised in that the flexible tension member (18) winds from below around rollers (15) freely rotatably mounted on the push rods (16).
17. Hangar according to claim 15 or 16, characterised in that the tension member (18) is secured by its ends (19) on the girder support (1).
18. Hangar according to one of claims 15 to 17, characterised in that the tension member (18) is passed around deflecting rollers (14) which are rotatably mounted on the girder support (1) on either side of the push rods (16).
19. Hangar according to claim 18, characterised in that the deflecting rollers (14) on the girder support (1) are disposed at a higher level than the rollers (15) on the push rods (16).
20. Hangar according to one of claims 15 to 19, characterised in that the push rods (16) are displaceably guided in guide means (17) provided on the girder support (1).
21. Hangar according to one of claims 15 to 20, characterised in that the flexible tension member (18) is prestressed.
22. Hangar according to one of claims 15 to 21, characterised in that the flexible tension member (18) is prestressed by a prestressing means (21) engaging on the push rods (16).
23. Hangar according to claim 22, characterised in that the prestressing means is a flexible tension member (21) which engages on the push rods (16) via rollers (15) mounted thereon.
24. Hangar according to claim 23, characterised in that the tension member (21) winds from above around the rollers (15).
25. Hangar according to claim 23 or 24, characterised in that the tension member (21) is passed around deflecting rollers (22) rotatably mounted on the girder support (1) on both sides of the push rods (16).
26. Hangar according to claim 25, characterised in that the deflecting rollers (22) on the girder support (1) are disposed at a lower level than the rollers (15) on he push rods (16).
27. Hangar according to one of claims 23 to 26, characterised in that the tension member (21) is secured by its ends to the girder support (1).
28. Hangar according to one of claims 15 to 27, characterised in that the lower rollers (10) are mounted on levers (7) which are pivotably mounted via hinges (8) on push rods (20) connected to the girder support (1).
29. Hangar according to one of claims 1 to 28, characterised in that an even number of rollers (9, 10) is provided respectively on the upper edge of the girder support (1) and on the lower edge of the girder support (1).
30. Hangar according to one of claims 1 to 29, characterised in that the rollers (9) at the upper edge of the girder support (1) are spaced at equal distances apart.
31. Hangar according to one of claims 1 to 30, characterised in that the rollers (10) at the lower edge of the girder support (1) are spaced at equal distances apart.

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