EP0638689A1 - Method for facilitating the extraction of the reinforcement of a prestressed ground-anchor and corresponding anchor - Google Patents

Method for facilitating the extraction of the reinforcement of a prestressed ground-anchor and corresponding anchor Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0638689A1
EP0638689A1 EP94401824A EP94401824A EP0638689A1 EP 0638689 A1 EP0638689 A1 EP 0638689A1 EP 94401824 A EP94401824 A EP 94401824A EP 94401824 A EP94401824 A EP 94401824A EP 0638689 A1 EP0638689 A1 EP 0638689A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tube
reinforcement
ground
frame
anchor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP94401824A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0638689B1 (en
Inventor
Roland Stenne
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bouygues SA
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Bouygues SA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bouygues SA filed Critical Bouygues SA
Publication of EP0638689A1 publication Critical patent/EP0638689A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0638689B1 publication Critical patent/EP0638689B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
    • E02D5/76—Anchorings for bulkheads or sections thereof in as much as specially adapted therefor
    • E02D5/765—Anchorings for bulkheads or sections thereof in as much as specially adapted therefor removable

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an anchor of the type comprising a longitudinal reinforcement, one end of which is sunk into the ground and sealed to the ground by a hardened mass of a sealing grout and the opposite end of which is stressed by traction means to prestress the tie rod.
  • the present invention aims to facilitate the extraction of the frame.
  • the frame is for example constituted by a bar or a bundle of strands.
  • the sealing tube is advantageously a glass fiber tube which ensures the continuity of the sealing between the reinforcement and the ground and thus, ensures the transition of the tensile force from the tie rod to the ground during the service phase.
  • the tensile force of the tie passes from the frame to the glass fiber tube by overlapping, putting in traction the latter by a value close to that of the force applied in the frame.
  • the tensile force exerted on the glass fiber tube is then diffused in the ground by the sealing bulb created around the tube.
  • the glass fiber tube is thus the weak link in a sealing chain whose continuity can be broken by the destruction of the material of which it is composed.
  • the reinforcement is dimensioned so that the value of the tensile strength of the reinforcement is greater than that of the glass fiber tube.
  • the glass fiber tube 2 was fixed to the reinforcement 6 before the introduction of the tube and the reinforcement into the borehole.
  • the grout for fixing the tube to the ground can no longer be introduced from inside the tube and it is introduced by an injection tube 9 outside the tube 2.
  • the glass fiber tube is replaced by plastic tubes having equivalent properties for the use considered.

Abstract

The invention relates to a prestressed ground anchor. The longitudinal reinforcement (6) in the anchor is sealed into the ground by a hardened sealing slurry in which there is, around the armature, a tube (2) designed to resist the prestressing tension but which is broken by a tension exerted on the reinforcement which is greater than the prestressing tension but insufficient to break the reinforcement. <IMAGE>

Description

L'invention concerne un tirant d'ancrage du type comprenant une armature longitudinale dont une extrémité est enfoncée dans le terrain et scellée au terrain par une masse durcie d'un coulis de scellement et dont l'extrémité opposée est sollicitée par des moyens de traction pour précontraindre le tirant.The invention relates to an anchor of the type comprising a longitudinal reinforcement, one end of which is sunk into the ground and sealed to the ground by a hardened mass of a sealing grout and the opposite end of which is stressed by traction means to prestress the tie rod.

Lorsqu'il s'agit d'un tirant utilisé de façon temporaire, il est avantageux de pouvoir retirer l'armature après service pour éviter qu'elle ne constitue une gêne dans le terrain et / ou pour la réutiliser.In the case of a tie rod used temporarily, it is advantageous to be able to remove the reinforcement after service to prevent it from causing discomfort in the ground and / or to reuse it.

La présente invention vise à faciliter l'extraction de l'armature.The present invention aims to facilitate the extraction of the frame.

On y parvient selon l'invention en incorporant au coulis de scellement avant sa prise un tube entourant l'armature, ce tube étant apte à résister à la traction de précontrainte mais à être rompu par une traction exercée sur l'armature supérieure à la traction de précontrainte mais insuffisante pour rompre l'armature.This is achieved according to the invention by incorporating into the sealing grout before it takes a tube surrounding the reinforcement, this tube being able to resist the prestressing traction but to be broken by a traction exerted on the reinforcement greater than the traction prestressing but insufficient to break the reinforcement.

Cela étant, on peut précontraindre l'armature sans danger pour le tube et on peut, si on le désire, tirer sur l'armature avec une force suffisante pour provoquer la rupture du tube et la libération de l'armature qui peut alors être extraite du terrain, du fait que le tube qui la liait au terrain a été rompu.This being so, one can prestress the armature without danger to the tube and one can, if desired, pull on the armature with sufficient force to cause the rupture of the tube and the release of the armature which can then be extracted. of the ground, because the tube which connected it to the ground was broken.

L'armature est par exemple constituée par une barre ou un faisceau de torons.The frame is for example constituted by a bar or a bundle of strands.

Le tube de scellement est avantageusement un tube en fibres de verre qui permet d'assurer la continuité du scellement entre l'armature et le terrain et ainsi, assurer la transition de l'effort de traction du tirant au terrain pendant la phase de service.The sealing tube is advantageously a glass fiber tube which ensures the continuity of the sealing between the reinforcement and the ground and thus, ensures the transition of the tensile force from the tie rod to the ground during the service phase.

L'effort de traction du tirant passe de l'armature au tube en fibres de verre par recouvrement, mettant en traction ce dernier d'une valeur voisine à celle de l'effort appliqué dans l'armature.The tensile force of the tie passes from the frame to the glass fiber tube by overlapping, putting in traction the latter by a value close to that of the force applied in the frame.

L'effort de traction exercé sur le tube en fibres de verre est diffusé par la suite dans le terrain par le bulbe de scellement créé autour du tube.The tensile force exerted on the glass fiber tube is then diffused in the ground by the sealing bulb created around the tube.

Le tube en fibres de verre est ainsi le maillon faible d'une chaîne de scellement dont la continuité peut être rompue par la destruction du matériau dont il est composé.The glass fiber tube is thus the weak link in a sealing chain whose continuity can be broken by the destruction of the material of which it is composed.

Lorsque le tirant n'est plus en service il suffit de surtendre l'armature du tirant pour atteindre la traction de rupture du tube de scellement en fibres de verre et, à la suite de la rupture, d'extraire par traction cette armature. Seuls restent dans le terrain, une fois l'opération terminée, le tube en fibres de verre désintégré et le coulis de scellement placé à l'extérieur de ce dernier.When the tie rod is no longer in service, it suffices to over-tension the reinforcement of the tie rod to reach the breaking tensile strength of the glass fiber sealing tube and, following the rupture, to extract this reinforcement by traction. Only remain in the ground, once the operation is complete, the disintegrated glass fiber tube and the grout placed outside of the latter.

L'armature est dimensionnée pour que la valeur de la traction de rupture de l'armature soit supérieure à celle du tube en fibres de verre.The reinforcement is dimensioned so that the value of the tensile strength of the reinforcement is greater than that of the glass fiber tube.

Les deux figures du dessin joint illustrent deux modes de réalisation de l'invention, en coupe axiale.The two figures of the accompanying drawing illustrate two embodiments of the invention, in axial section.

En référence à ces deux figures, on décrira ci-après les phases de réalisation qui permettent la mise en place d'un tirant, conformément à la présente invention.With reference to these two figures, the production phases which allow the installation of a tie rod will be described below, in accordance with the present invention.

On réalise les opérations suivantes :

  • on réalise dans le terrain un forage 1 ayant la longueur voulue pour l'ancrage ;
  • on met en place dans ce forage un tube 2 en fibres de verre, sur tout ou partie de la longueur du forage. En fait, ce tube n'est nécessaire que dans la région prévue pour le scellement au terrain de l'extrémité inférieure de l'armature du tirant. Dans l'exemple considéré, le tube en fibres de verre ne s'étend pas sur toute la longueur du forage mais seulement sur la partie inférieure du forage et il est prolongé vers le haut par un tube de protection 3 ;
  • on injecte un coulis de ciment dans le tube 2 en sorte que ce coulis traverse le tube par une série de manchettes 4 et remplisse l'espace 5 compris entre le tube et le forage.
  • avant cette injection ou avant que le coulis n'ait fait sa prise, on enfonce l'armature 6 dans le forage 1 jusqu'à ce que l'extrémité inférieure 6a de l'armature ait pénétrée dans le tube 2 sur une longueur suffisante. Le coulis d'injection assure d'une part la fixation du tube 2 à la paroi du forage et, d'autre part, la fixation de l'armature à ce tube, en sorte que tout se passe comme si l'armature était fixée au forage par l'intermédiaire d'un bloc de ciment comportant autour de l'armature un cylindre de moindre résistance à la traction constitué par le tube en fibres de verre. On met en place autour de l'autre extrémité 6b de l'armature, un dispositif de précontrainte traditionnel constitué, par exemple par une plaque de répartition 7 appuyée sur le terrain et un écrou 8 coopérant avec une partie filetée de cette extrémité.
The following operations are carried out:
  • a borehole 1 is made in the ground having the desired length for anchoring;
  • a tube 2 made of glass fibers is placed in this borehole over all or part of the length of the borehole. In fact, this tube is only necessary in the region provided for sealing the terrain of the lower end of the frame of the tie rod. In the example considered, the glass fiber tube does not extend over the entire length of the borehole but only over the lower part of the borehole and is extended upwards by a protective tube 3;
  • a cement grout is injected into the tube 2 so that this grout passes through the tube through a series of sleeves 4 and fills the space 5 between the tube and the borehole.
  • before this injection or before the grout has set, the frame 6 is driven into the borehole 1 until the lower end 6a of the frame has penetrated into the tube 2 over a sufficient length. The injection grout ensures on the one hand the fixing of the tube 2 to the wall of the borehole and, on the other hand, the fixing of the reinforcement to this tube, so that everything happens as if the reinforcement was fixed during drilling by means of a cement block comprising around the reinforcement a cylinder of least resistance to the tension constituted by the glass fiber tube. Is put around around the other end 6b of the frame, a traditional prestressing device consisting, for example by a distribution plate 7 supported on the ground and a nut 8 cooperating with a threaded part of this end.

Dans la variante de la figure 2, le tube en fibres de verre 2 a été fixé à l'armature 6 préalablement à l'introduction du tube et de l'armature dans le forage. Dans ce cas, le coulis de scellement pour fixer le tube au terrain ne peut plus être introduit par l'intérieur du tube et il est introduit par un tube d'injection 9 extérieur au tube 2.In the variant of FIG. 2, the glass fiber tube 2 was fixed to the reinforcement 6 before the introduction of the tube and the reinforcement into the borehole. In this case, the grout for fixing the tube to the ground can no longer be introduced from inside the tube and it is introduced by an injection tube 9 outside the tube 2.

Dans des variantes, on remplace le tube en fibres de verre par des tubes en matière synthétique ayant des propriétés équivalentes pour l'usage considéré.In variants, the glass fiber tube is replaced by plastic tubes having equivalent properties for the use considered.

Claims (8)

1. Procédé pour faciliter, après service, l'extraction de l'armature d'un tirant d'ancrage comprenant une armature longitudinale dont une extrémité est enfoncée dans le terrain et scellée au terrain par une masse durcie d'un coulis de scellement et dont l'extrémité opposée est sollicitée par des moyens de traction pour précontraindre le tirant. caractérisé en ce qu'on incorpore au coulis de scellement, avant sa prise, un tube (2) entourant l'armature et apte à être rompu par une traction supérieure à la traction de précontrainte mais insuffisante pour rompre l'armature (6). 1. Method for facilitating, after service, the extraction of the reinforcement from an anchor comprising a longitudinal reinforcement, one end of which is driven into the ground and sealed to the ground by a hardened mass of a sealing grout and the opposite end of which is urged by traction means to prestress the tie rod. characterized in that there is incorporated in the sealing grout, before it sets, a tube (2) surrounding the reinforcement and capable of being broken by a traction greater than the prestressing traction but insufficient to break the reinforcement (6). 2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'on met en place ledit tube (2) dans un forage (1) du terrain avant d'introduire l'armature (6) dans le tube. 2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that said tube (2) is put into place in a borehole (1) in the ground before introducing the armature (6) into the tube. 3. Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce qu'on scelle le tube (2) dans un forage (1) par un coulis de scellement injecté depuis l'intérieur du tube. 3. Method according to claim 2, characterized in that the tube (2) is sealed in a borehole (1) by a sealing grout injected from inside the tube. 4. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'on fixe le tube (2) à l'armature (6) au moyen d'un coulis de scellement durci avant d'introduire le tube et l'armature dans un forage (1) du terrain. 4. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the tube (2) is fixed to the frame (6) by means of a hardened sealing grout before introducing the tube and the frame into a borehole ( 1) from the field. 5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'on utilise un tube (2) en fibres de verre. 5. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a tube (2) made of glass fibers is used. 6. Tirant d'ancrage comprenant une armature longitudinale (6) à enfoncer dans un forage (1) du terrain et à sceller au terrain par un coulis de scellement, l'extrémité opposée (6b) de l'armature étant apte à être sollicitée par des moyens de traction (7,8) pour précontraindre le tirant, caractérisé en ce que le tirant comporte un tube (2) à disposer autour de l'armature dans le coulis de scellement, ledit tube (2) étant apte à être rompu par une traction exercée sur l'armature, cette traction étant supérieure à la pression de précontrainte mais insuffisante pour rompre l'armature. 6. Anchor tie comprising a longitudinal reinforcement (6) to be inserted into a borehole (1) of the ground and to be sealed to the ground by a sealing grout, the opposite end (6b) of the reinforcement being able to be stressed by traction means (7,8) for prestressing the tie rod, characterized in that the tie rod comprises a tube (2) to be placed around the frame in the grout, said tube (2) being capable of being broken by a traction exerted on the reinforcement, this traction being greater than the prestressing pressure but insufficient to break the reinforcement. 7. Tirant selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que ledit tube (2) est en fibres de verre. 7. Tie according to claim 6, characterized in that said tube (2) is made of glass fibers. 8. Tirant selon la revendication 6 ou 7, caractérisé en ce qu'il est en service dans le terrain, l'extrémité inférieure (6a) de l'armature étant scellée au terrain par le coulis durci contenant ledit tube (2) autour de l'armature et l'extrémité supérieure (6b) de l'armature étant sollicitée par une traction de précontrainte. 8. Tie according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that it is in service in the ground, the lower end (6a) of the frame being sealed to the ground by the hardened grout containing said tube (2) around the frame and the upper end (6b) of the frame being stressed by a prestressing pull.
EP94401824A 1993-08-09 1994-08-08 Method for facilitating the extraction of the reinforcement of a prestressed ground-anchor and corresponding anchor Expired - Lifetime EP0638689B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9309782 1993-08-09
FR9309782A FR2708948B1 (en) 1993-08-09 1993-08-09 Method for facilitating the extraction of the reinforcement from a prestressed tie and corresponding tie.

Publications (2)

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EP0638689A1 true EP0638689A1 (en) 1995-02-15
EP0638689B1 EP0638689B1 (en) 1998-05-06

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EP94401824A Expired - Lifetime EP0638689B1 (en) 1993-08-09 1994-08-08 Method for facilitating the extraction of the reinforcement of a prestressed ground-anchor and corresponding anchor

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EP (1) EP0638689B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE165885T1 (en)
DE (1) DE69410035T2 (en)
FR (1) FR2708948B1 (en)
RU (1) RU2101418C1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA945927B (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1087063A1 (en) * 1999-09-23 2001-03-28 Vincenzo Sibilla Device for drilling and anchoring and method for installing ground anchors
EP1154077A1 (en) * 2000-05-08 2001-11-14 Reinhard Klöckner Recoverable injection anchor
US6672806B2 (en) 2000-11-22 2004-01-06 Forasol International Sa Device for drilling and anchoring and process for placing grout anchors
WO2022134224A1 (en) * 2020-12-23 2022-06-30 江苏东合南岩土科技股份有限公司 Construction method for pre-stressed pull-resistant anchor rod of concrete expansion head

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2751107C1 (en) * 2021-01-12 2021-07-08 Алексей Генрихович Малинин Method for dismantling a ground tubular anchor and a device for cutting its tubular rod

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2606095B1 (en) * 1976-02-16 1976-12-02 Dyckerhoff & Widmann Ag REMOVABLE INJECTOR ANCHOR WITH DESTRUCTIBLE ANCHOR BODY
DE2627524A1 (en) * 1975-06-20 1976-12-23 Nitto Techno Group Kk THANCHES AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME
EP0350454A2 (en) * 1988-07-06 1990-01-10 VSL International AG Process for making a tension member adapted to be anchored in the ground
EP0545471A1 (en) * 1991-11-29 1993-06-09 Hollandsche Beton Groep N.V. Method for fixing an anchor for anchoring earth-retaining walls, buildings, bank sheet-pilings, quay walls and the like

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH509476A (en) * 1969-06-09 1971-06-30 Losinger Ag Rock or alluvial anchors and process for their manufacture
DE2101236A1 (en) * 1971-01-12 1972-08-17 Bauer, Karlheinz, Dipl.-Ing. Dr.-Ing., 8898 Schrobenhausen Corrosion-protected tie rods for anchoring components in the ground as well as a method for producing tension anchors with corrosion-protected tie rods

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2627524A1 (en) * 1975-06-20 1976-12-23 Nitto Techno Group Kk THANCHES AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME
DE2606095B1 (en) * 1976-02-16 1976-12-02 Dyckerhoff & Widmann Ag REMOVABLE INJECTOR ANCHOR WITH DESTRUCTIBLE ANCHOR BODY
EP0350454A2 (en) * 1988-07-06 1990-01-10 VSL International AG Process for making a tension member adapted to be anchored in the ground
EP0545471A1 (en) * 1991-11-29 1993-06-09 Hollandsche Beton Groep N.V. Method for fixing an anchor for anchoring earth-retaining walls, buildings, bank sheet-pilings, quay walls and the like

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1087063A1 (en) * 1999-09-23 2001-03-28 Vincenzo Sibilla Device for drilling and anchoring and method for installing ground anchors
US6588986B1 (en) 1999-09-23 2003-07-08 Forasol International Sa Device for drilling and anchoring and process for placing grout anchors
EP1154077A1 (en) * 2000-05-08 2001-11-14 Reinhard Klöckner Recoverable injection anchor
EP1486617A1 (en) * 2000-05-08 2004-12-15 Dywidag-Systems International GmbH Recoverable injection anchor
US6672806B2 (en) 2000-11-22 2004-01-06 Forasol International Sa Device for drilling and anchoring and process for placing grout anchors
WO2022134224A1 (en) * 2020-12-23 2022-06-30 江苏东合南岩土科技股份有限公司 Construction method for pre-stressed pull-resistant anchor rod of concrete expansion head

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2708948A1 (en) 1995-02-17
DE69410035D1 (en) 1998-06-10
FR2708948B1 (en) 1995-11-03
ZA945927B (en) 1995-04-12
RU2101418C1 (en) 1998-01-10
DE69410035T2 (en) 1998-12-17
ATE165885T1 (en) 1998-05-15
RU94028646A (en) 1996-05-27
EP0638689B1 (en) 1998-05-06

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