RU2751107C1 - Method for dismantling a ground tubular anchor and a device for cutting its tubular rod - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction industry,

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to devices and methods for anchoring structural elements of foundations and footings. A method is proposed for dismantling a ground tubular anchor by destroying a part of its tubular rod, carried out from inside this rod at a given depth of immersion in this rod. A device for cutting a tubular rod is introduced into the tubular rod, containing a hollow circular cylinder with side nozzles in the side wall of the cylinder, made with one end plugged, and an injection pipe, one end mechanically and hydraulically connected to the open end of the specified cylinder, and its other end is connected to the water-cement mortar supply unit. The specified cylinder is introduced into the tubular rod to such a depth of immersion of this cylinder in this rod, at which the side nozzles of this cylinder are located in a given plane of the cross-section of the tubular rod, in which it is planned to destroy this rod by cutting it crosswise, and after that, using the water-cement mortar supply unit through the injection pipe, water-cement mortar is supplied to the specified cylinder under pressure. At the same time, the injection pipe with the cylinder is rotated around its axis, so that the specified water-cement mortar, flowing under pressure from the cylinder through its side nozzles, forms transverse jets of water-cement mortar rotating around the axis of the cylinder, which, due to its abrasive action on the wall of the tubular rod from inside this rod, cut the wall of the tubular rod in a given plane of its cross-section.

EFFECT: expansion of the arsenal of technical means for dismantling the ground tubular anchor, characterized by technological and structural simplicity, safety of dismantling works and the exclusion of negative impact on structures located in the area of dismantling works.

5 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The technical field to which the inventions relate

The claimed group of inventions relates to devices and methods for anchoring structural elements of foundations and foundations, namely, temporary soil tubular anchors intended for temporary fastening of pits, retaining walls, soil slopes and landslide slopes, the bottoms of docks and sinkholes, bridge supports and a match, as well as included in the foundations of buildings and structures for various purposes or used to strengthen the soil base of existing foundations. State of the art

Various methods are known for dismantling a ground anchor (and a corresponding anchor device), the common feature of which is the complete or partial extraction of the anchor thrust, carried out either by unscrewing or pulling out the pulling force.

An example is an anchor design with a fully removable rod rod and a stop tube in the embedment area. Such an anchor includes an anchor rod from a reinforcing bar of a screw profile, a protective plastic tube with sealing seals at the lower end, and a thrust tube with a screw thread or corrugations along the outer surface. In this case, the anchor rod is connected to the thrust pipe by means of a coupling with an internal thread attached to the lower end of the pipe. The technology for installing such an anchor includes: drilling a well with an auger, immersing the anchor into the well, filling the well with an exchangeable cement slurry, sequential pressure testing of the seal with external injection pipes after being set with an exchangeable solution of strength from 0.8 to 1.5 MPa, tension and blocking of the anchor on the building structure. To extract the thrust from the shell pipe after the end of the anchor's service life, the thrust is unscrewed from the sleeve at the lower end of the pipe (see document: NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF BUILDERS Organization standard Development of underground space DEVICE OF GROUND ANCHORS, NAGELS AND MICROSWAYS NOSTROY 2.5.126-2013 II Official publication: Branch of JSC TsNIIS “Research Center“ Tunnels and Subways ”,“ Central Institute of Typical Design named after G.K. Ordzhonikidze. ”- Moscow, 2016: items G. 1, G. 1.1, D. 1.2, D. 1.3, figure D. 1 on pp. 152-153).

Another example is an anchor with a partially removable rod rod, in which this rod, already from the very beginning in the anchor structure itself, is made up of removable and non-removable parts with position latches. In this case, along the free length, the extractable part of the anchor rod is protected by a rigid plastic sheathing pipe. During the installation of the anchor, the parts of the anchor rod are combined into a single structure using a coupling. And then, in the process of dismantling the anchor, the removable part of the anchor rod is disconnected by unscrewing it from the connecting sleeve fixed to the lower non-removable element (see the same standard STO NOSTROY 2.5.126-2013: points G. 2, G. 2.1, G. 5 and Figure D. 2 on pages 153-155).

A third example is a fully removable anchor from reinforcing ropes in a loop. The design of such an anchor includes a removable anchor rod from reinforcing ropes, which, with the help of tightening and spacers, form a wave-like shape in the embedding zone, and a non-removable shell. In the lower part, the reinforcing ropes of the traction have a smooth loop bend with a radius of at least 75 mm, formed with the help of shaping mandrels (see the same standard STO NOSTROY 2.5.126-2013: points G. 3, G. 3.1, G. 5 and figures D . 3, G. 4, G. 5 on pp. 153-155).

The fourth example is the extraction of a part of the anchor rod, made in the form of reinforcing ropes, using a microexplosion using a detonating cord with an explosive charge. This charge is lowered into a special embedded plastic pipe included in the anchor structure, which is located in the center of the rope bundle. After the explosion, the extraction of the anchor rod or its part is carried out using a jack, which creates a pulling out pulling force, or a drilling rig (see the same standard STO NOSTROY 2.5.126-2013, paragraphs G. 4, G. 5 and figure D. 6)

The fifth example is a method for dismantling a ground anchor with an anchor rod made in the form of prestressed longitudinal reinforcement, one end of which is immersed in the ground and fixed in the ground using a hardening mortar, and the opposite end is subjected to stress means to create prestressing of the anchor connection. Extraction of the anchor rod is carried out by applying a pull-out force that exceeds the pre-stress tension force, but a lower reinforcement failure force, so that by applying the above-mentioned pull-out force to the reinforcement, the pipe introduced into the hardening mortar before it is seized is destroyed, which encloses the reinforcement with a gap and is able to resist the pre-stress tension (Patent RU No. 2101418 C1, IPC E02D 5/80, published 10.01.1998).

The features of the known methods, which coincide with the essential features of the claimed technical solution (method), are either in the extraction of the anchor rod, or in the destruction of the anchor rod, or in the destruction and force extraction of the corresponding part of the anchor rod. In this case, the corresponding known devices do not have features in common with the claimed one.

The reason that prevents the claimed technical result from the known methods and devices is the technological and constructive impossibility of their use for dismantling a ground anchor with a tubular traction, since they are intended for anchors with other (non-tubular) rods.

The known method and the corresponding device for dismantling the ground tubular anchor (prototypes). The known method consists in the fact that a detonating cord with an explosive charge is lowered into the pre-washed cavity of the tubular thrust of the ground tubular anchor to a predetermined immersion depth into this thrust, an explosion is carried out at a predetermined depth, and thus, at a given depth of the tubular thrust, part of this thrust is destroyed, and the corresponding upper part, if necessary, is then pulled out by a pulling force. A device for implementing this method contains an explosive charge and a detonating cord associated with it (see the same standard STO NOSTROY 2.5.126-2013: points G. 4, G. 5 on page 155).

The features of the known method, which coincide with the essential features of the claimed invention (method), consist in the destruction of a part of its tubular thrust, carried out from the inside of this thrust at a given immersion depth into this thrust. There are no signs of a known device that match those of the claimed invention (device).

The technical problem, the solution of which is provided in the implementation or use of the claimed inventions (method and device), is the need to expand the arsenal of technical means for dismantling a ground tubular anchor, characterized by technological and structural simplicity, safety of dismantling work and the elimination of negative impact on structures located in the zone dismantling works. This, first of all, applies to those cases when it comes to the temporary use of an inclined anchor connection so that in the future (after its use) it does not create obstacles during the construction of new structures in the area of the anchor location, when drilling, in connection with this, in In this zone of new wells, through such an anchor connection, a destructive effect on the structure previously lifted with this anchor can be exerted. This also applies when it comes to reusing the anchor tube rod (part of this rod).

The reasons preventing the solution of this technical problem and obtaining the claimed technical result in the closest analogs, i.e. prototypes (method and device), consist in the presence of significant restrictions on the use of microexplosions associated with the known danger and complexity of using explosive devices, as well as the possible negative impact of the explosion on buildings, structures and underground utilities located in the area of explosive dismantling works.

Disclosure of the essence of inventions

The technical result, mediating the solution of the specified technical problem, consists in the implementation of the specified purpose: transverse cutting of the tubular rod from the inside of this rod in a given transverse plane at a given immersion depth into this rod by transverse rotating jets of water-cement mortar using its (solution) abrasive action.

The technical result is achieved in the claimed method in that part of the tubular rod is destroyed from the inside of this rod at a given immersion depth into this rod, for which a device for cutting the tubular rod is introduced into the tubular rod, containing a hollow circular cylinder with side nozzles in the side wall of the cylinder made plugged from one end, and the injection pipe, one end mechanically and hydraulically connected to the open end of the specified cylinder, and its other end is connected to the water-cement slurry supply unit, while the specified cylinder is introduced into the tubular draft to such a depth of immersion of this cylinder into this thrust, in which the lateral nozzles of this cylinder are located in a given plane of the cross-section of the tubular thrust, in which it is planned to destroy this thrust by cutting it crosswise, after which, using a water-cement solution supply unit through an injection pipe, water is supplied to the specified cylinder under pressure. cement mortar, pr and at the same time the injection pipe with the cylinder is rotated around its axis, so that the specified water-cement mortar, flowing out under pressure from the cylinder through its side nozzles, forms transverse jets of water-cement mortar rotating around the cylinder axis, which due to its abrasive action on the wall of the tubular rod from the inside of this rod cuts the wall of the tubular rod in a given plane of its cross-section.

The technical result in the method is also achieved in that: 1) during the installation of this anchor, prior to its dismantling, the cement slurry is washed out from the inner cavity of its tubular rod so that the inner cavity of this tubular rod becomes free of cement mortar or cement stone; 2) during the installation of the anchor, preceding its dismantling, protect a part of the outer surface of the tubular anchor from the hardening cement mortar by installing a protective plastic sleeve on this part; 3) after cutting the tubular rod, the cut-off part of this rod is pulled out using an external power pulling force (with an excavator, a manipulator crane or a hollow jack mounted on the anchor head).

The technical result is achieved in the claimed device in that the device contains a hollow circular cylinder with side nozzles in the side wall of the cylinder, made from one end plugged, and an injection pipe, one end of which is mechanically and hydraulically connected to the open end of the specified cylinder, and the other end is made with the ability to connect with a block of supply of water-cement mortar.

Brief Description of Drawings

FIG. 1 shows a sectional view of an obliquely installed ground pipe anchor; in fig. 2 schematically shows a device for cutting a tubular anchor rod.

Implementation of inventions

Tubular ground anchor 1 (Fig. 1) contains a tubular rod 2 made of helical high-strength tubular rods connected to each other by couplings (couplings are not shown), cement stone 3, rock-breaking tool 4, which is a chisel with flushing holes, mounted on the lower end of the rod 2, the attachment point 5 of the upper end of the rod 2 to the strapping belt, including a base plate, a washer and a spherical nut, as well as a plastic protective sleeve 6, made in the form of a low-pressure polyethylene tube and designed to protect the rod 2 from a hardening solution with in order to facilitate the process of removing the thrust 2 (its part).

The device for cutting the tubular rod 2 (Fig. 2) contains a hollow circular cylinder 7 with side nozzles 8 in the side wall of the cylinder and an injection pipe 9. The cylinder 7 from one (lower) end is made damped, and the other, i.e. the upper (open) end is mechanically and hydraulically connected to the lower end of the pipe 9, the other (upper) end of which is configured to be connected to the water-cement slurry supply unit (not shown). In this case, the specified mechanical connection of the pipe 9 with the cylinder 7 means a fixed permanent connection, for example, by welding, and the nozzles 8 are holes located in the plane 10 of the cross-section of the cylinder 7. In one embodiment of the cylinder 7, this cylinder is all made of high-strength metal , and holes 8 are made directly in the side wall of this cylinder, forming the desired nozzles. In another embodiment of the cylinder 7, this cylinder is made of ordinary metal, in the wall of which there are holes enlarged in diameter, into which nozzles 8 made of high-strength metal are hermetically sealed.

The claimed method for dismantling a ground tubular anchor provides two options for its implementation.

The first variant of the method provides for the removal of a part of the tubular rod 2 for the purpose of its reuse. To do this, even at the stage of mounting the anchor, the protective sleeve 6 is installed, and the inner cavity of the tubular rod 2 is also flushed. Further, at the stage of dismantling the anchor, a device for cutting this rod is introduced into the tubular rod 2, which includes cylinder 7 and an injection pipe 9. In this case, the cylinder 7 of this device is introduced (lowered) into the tubular rod 2 to such a depth of immersion of this cylinder in this rod, at which the side nozzles 8 of this cylinder are located in a given plane 10 of the cross-section of the tubular rod 2, in which it is planned to cut the wall of this rod. After that, the free (upper) end of the pipe 9 is connected to a water-cement slurry supply unit (not shown) and this slurry is fed under high pressure into the cylinder 7. Simultaneously, the pipe 9 and the cylinder 7 are rotated around its axis (i.e. pipe axis 9 and cylinder axis 7). As a result, the water-cement slurry, flowing out under high pressure and at an increased speed through the nozzles 8 to the outside, creates transverse water-cement jets rotating around the axis of the cylinder 7. These jets, due to the abrasive action of the water-cement mortar on the wall of the tubular rod 2 from the inside of this rod, the wall of the tubular rod 2 is cut in a given plane 10 of its cross-section, located below the lower end of the protective sleeve 6. After that, the cut off upper part of the tubular rod 2 is removed by pulling it out using an external power pulling force (with an excavator, a crane-manipulator or a hollow jack mounted on the anchor head).

The second variant of the method does not provide for the extraction of a part of the tubular rod (in the case when its reuse is not required), but is limited to cutting it into segments. In this case, the preliminary installation of the protective sleeve 6 is not required. At the same time, the inner cavity of the tubular rod 2 must be free for the possibility of introducing a cutting device into it. This possibility can be provided either by preliminary (at the stage of installation) flushing the inner cavity of the rod 2, or at the stage of dismantling by drilling in the hardened cement located in the inner cavity of the rod 2 a longitudinal channel sufficient in diameter for the passage of the cylinder 7. After that, lowering the cylinder 7 into the inner cavity of the thrust 2 to a predetermined depth and supplying the water-cement mortar to the cylinder 7 with the simultaneous rotation of the cylinder 7, cutting the thrust 2 is carried out. This cutting is carried out at a different immersion level of the cylinder 7 so that the resulting short sections of thrust 2 did not interfere with the further construction work in the area of the location of this ground tubular anchor.

Claims (5)

1. A method of dismantling a ground tubular anchor by destroying a part of its tubular rod, carried out from the inside of this rod at a given immersion depth into this rod, characterized in that a device for cutting the tubular rod is introduced into the tubular rod, containing a hollow circular cylinder with side nozzles in the side wall cylinder, made from one end plugged, and an injection pipe, one end mechanically and hydraulically connected to the open end of the specified cylinder, and its other end is connected to the supply unit for water-cement mortar, while the specified cylinder is introduced into the tubular draft to such a depth of immersion of this cylinder into this thrust, in which the lateral nozzles of this cylinder are located in a given cross-sectional plane of the tubular thrust, in which it is planned to destroy this thrust by its cross-cutting, after that, using the water-cement solution supply unit through the injection pipe, the specified cylinder is fed under pressure water-cement solution, while the injection pipe with the cylinder is simultaneously rotated around its axis, so that the specified water-cement mortar, flowing out under pressure from the cylinder through its side nozzles, forms transverse jets of water-cement mortar rotating around the axis of the cylinder, which due to its abrasive action on the wall of the tubular rod from the inside of this rod, the wall of the tubular rod is cut in a given plane of its cross-section. 2. A method for dismantling a ground tubular anchor according to claim 1, which consists in the fact that during the installation of this anchor, prior to its dismantling, the cement slurry is washed out from the inner cavity of its tubular rod so that the inner cavity of this tubular rod becomes free of cement mortar or cement stone. 3. A method for dismantling a ground tubular anchor according to claim 1, which consists in the fact that during the installation of the anchor prior to its dismantling, a part of the outer surface of the tubular anchor is protected from hardening cement mortar by installing a protective sleeve made of plastic on this part. 4. A method for dismantling a ground tubular anchor according to claim 1, which consists in the fact that after cutting the tubular rod, the cut off part of this rod is pulled out by means of an external force pulling out force. 5. A device for cutting the tubular draft of a ground tubular anchor in the process of dismantling this anchor, which contains a hollow circular cylinder with side nozzles in the side wall of the cylinder, made from one end plugged, and an injection pipe, one end of which is mechanically and hydraulically connected to the open end of the specified cylinder, and the other end is made with the possibility of connection with the block of supply of water-cement mortar.

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