Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
  • C11D3/0026—Low foaming or foam regulating compositions
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/825—Mixtures of compounds all of which are non-ionic
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/825—Mixtures of compounds all of which are non-ionic
  • C11D1/8255—Mixtures of compounds all of which are non-ionic containing a combination of compounds differently alcoxylised or with differently alkylated chains
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/37—Polymers
  • C11D3/3746—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C11D3/3757—(Co)polymerised carboxylic acids, -anhydrides, -esters in solid and liquid compositions
  • C11D3/3765—(Co)polymerised carboxylic acids, -anhydrides, -esters in solid and liquid compositions in liquid compositions
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/37—Polymers
  • C11D3/3746—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • C11D3/378—(Co)polymerised monomers containing sulfur, e.g. sulfonate
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06L—DRY-CLEANING, WASHING OR BLEACHING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR MADE-UP FIBROUS GOODS; BLEACHING LEATHER OR FURS
  • D06L4/00—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs
  • D06L4/10—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs using agents which develop oxygen
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06L—DRY-CLEANING, WASHING OR BLEACHING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR MADE-UP FIBROUS GOODS; BLEACHING LEATHER OR FURS
  • D06L4/00—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs
  • D06L4/10—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs using agents which develop oxygen
  • D06L4/12—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs using agents which develop oxygen combined with specific additives
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
  • D06M13/165—Ethers
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
  • D06M13/165—Ethers
  • D06M13/17—Polyoxyalkyleneglycol ethers
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/72—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/72—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols
  • C11D1/721—End blocked ethers

Definitions

• the present invention relates to low-foaming, silicone-free, aqueous textile auxiliaries, their production and multiple uses, e.g. as wetting agents, detergents, dispersants or as stabilizers in peroxide bleaching liquors.
• wetting agents are used, the task of which includes, for example, supporting the detachment of fiber impurities or the bleaching process.
• Such aids must meet various application requirements. For example, they must be chemically stable under the often strongly alkaline conditions, have a short wetting time, be low in foam, suppress process foam and, moreover, be easily biodegradable.
• Wetting agents are known from the prior art which have a content of fatty alcohol polyglycol ethers and in particular end group-capped fatty alcohol polyglycol ethers, so-called "mixed ethers".
• mixed ethers For example, from EP-A-0,124,815 mixed ethers with 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the fatty alkyl and 7 to 12 ethylene oxide units in the polyether chain are known as foam-suppressing additives to low-foam cleaning agents.
• the international PCT application WO 92/15664 proposes textile auxiliaries which, in addition to a homopolymeric compound composed of an ethylenically unsaturated sulfonic acid or carboxylic acid or its anhydride, contain an open-chain and / or end-capped fatty alcohol polyglycol ether.
• foam-suppressing agents in particular silicone-containing compounds
• the substituent R 1 in formula (1) represents the straight-chain hydrocarbon radical of a saturated aliphatic monoalcohol with 8 to 10 carbon atoms, that is to say n-octyl, n-nonyl or n-decyl.
• R 1 represents the n-octyl radical.
• the term "strictly linear” is to be understood in this context so that the content of branched species in the alkyl radical must not exceed 0.5% by weight. This makes it clear that mixed ethers based on oxo alcohols, the proportion of branched homologues of which is usually in the range from 5 to 25% by weight, are not suitable as nonionic surfactants (a).
• R 2 in formula (1) means methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl or tert-butyl.
• R 2 is preferably the n-butyl radical.
• n 1 means in particular numbers from 1.2 to 1.7 and n 1 numbers preferably from 6 to 8 and in particular from 6 to 7.
• component (a) is a mixed ether of the formula of particular interest, which is accessible by the addition of first propylene oxide and then ethylene oxide to n-octanol in the corresponding molar ratios and subsequent end group closure with n-butyl chloride.
• end-capped nonionic surfactants are prepared in a manner known per se, for example by reacting propylene oxide and ethylene oxide in the corresponding molar ratio with one mole of the alcohol R L -OH, and then reacting the adduct formed with an alkyl halide R 2 -Hal, preferably C 1 -C 4 alkyl chloride.
• Component (b) according to formula (2) is a non-end group capped nonionic surfactant (nio-surfactant).
• the radical R 3 in formula (2) is derived from aliphatically saturated C 8 -C 8 -monoalcohols, such as, for example, from natural alcohols, such as lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol or stearyl alcohol, and synthetic alcohols, such as 2-ethylhexanol , 1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutanol, octan-2-ol, isononyl alcohol, trimethylhexanol, trimethylnonyl alcohol, n-decanol, C 9 -C 13 oxo alcohol, tridecyl alcohol, isotridecyl alcohol or linear primary alcohols (alfoles) with 8 to 18 carbon atoms .
• Some representatives of these alfoles are Alfol (8-10), Alfol (9-11), Alfol
• nonionic surfactants corresponding to component (b) are addition products of preferably 2 to 10 mol of ethylene oxide onto saturated fatty alcohols having 8 to 18 carbon atoms.
• Component (c) can be present as a homo- or copolymeric compound.
• Suitable monomeric starting compounds for the preparation of the homopolymeric compounds of component (c) are ethylenically unsaturated monomeric sulfonic acids or carboxylic acids. Both monocarboxylic acids and dicarboxylic acids and their anhydrides as well as sulfonic acids, each having an ethylenically unsaturated aliphatic radical and preferably at most 7 carbon atoms, can be used. Monocarboxylic acids having 3 to 5 carbon atoms, e.g. acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, a-haloacrylic acid, 2-hydroxyethylacrylic acid, a-cyanoacrylic acid, crotonic acid and vinyl acetic acid.
• Ethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids are preferably fumaric acid, maleic acid or itaconic acid, furthermore mesaconic acid, citraconic acid, glutaconic acid and methylmalonic acid.
• Maleic anhydride is particularly mentioned as the anhydride of these acids.
• Examples of monomeric sulfonic acids which are used for homopolymerization are vinylsulfonic acid or 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid.
• polymerized carboxylic acids polymethacrylic acid and especially polyacrylic acid are of primary interest.
• the polyacrylic acids to be used according to the invention have a molecular weight of 1,000 to 2,000,000, preferably 3,500 to 800,000.
• the homopolymers of component (c) of the composition according to the invention are prepared by methods known per se, expediently in such a way that the corresponding monomers are used Compound polymerized in the presence of catalysts, suitably at a temperature of 60 to 100 ° C.
• Free radical-forming organic initiators are preferably used as catalysts for the production of components (c).
• Suitable initiators for carrying out the radical polymerization are e.g. symmetrical aliphatic azo compounds such as azo-bis-isobutyronitrile, azo-bis-2-methyl-valeronitrile, 1,1'-azo-bis-1-cyclo-hexanitrile and 2,2'-azo-bis-isobutyric acid alkyl ester; symmetrical diacyl peroxides, e.g.
• Suitable peroxides are: tert-butyl hydroperoxide, di-tert-butyl peroxide, cumene hydroperoxide, di-cumene peroxide and tert-butyl perpivalate.
• Another suitable compound is potassium persulfate, which is preferably used in the present invention.
• the catalysts are generally used in amounts of 0.1 to 10% by weight, preferably 0.5 to 2% by weight, based on the starting products.
• the polymerization is advantageously carried out in an inert atmosphere, e.g. carried out in the presence of nitrogen.
• component (c) is in the form of a copolymer
• the preparation is carried out “in situ”, that is to say simultaneously and together with the preparation of the composition according to the invention.
• the embodiment of this manufacturing variant of this manufacturing variant is described below.
• organic acids mentioned can also be in the form of their water-soluble salts, such as the alkali metal, in particular sodium or potassium, salts or the amine salts.
• alkyl sulfate is in the form of a salt
• sodium, potassium or ammonium salts can be used, for example.
• the sodium salt is preferred.
• Very particularly preferred hydrotroping agents of component (d) are alkyl sulfates in which the substituent Rg in formula (6) is the hydrocarbon radical of an aliphatic saturated monoalcohol with 4 to Means 24 carbon atoms.
• the hydrocarbon residue can be straight-chain or branched.
• Suitable aliphatic saturated monoalcohols are natural alcohols, such as, for example, lauryl, myristyl, cetyl, stearyl, arachidyl or behenyl alcohol.
• Compounds in which the substituent Rg is derived from branched aliphatic synthetic alcohols having 4 to 12, in particular 4 to 8, carbon atoms are preferred, for example isobutyl alcohol, sec-butanol, tert-butanol, isoamyl alcohol, 2-ethylbutanol, 2-methylpentanol, 5- Methylheptan-3-ol, 2-ethylhexanol, 1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutanol, octan-2-ol, isononyl alcohol, trimethylhexanol, trimethylnonyl alcohol, n-decanol or C 9 -C 11 oxo alcohol.
• alkyl sulfates can already be in the form of their salts and can be used alone or as a (technical) mixture with one another in the wetting agent according to the invention.
• 2-ethylhexyl sulfate is very particularly preferably used as the hydrotroping agent.
• alkyl sulfates of the formula (6) as well as their alkali metal or amine salts can also be used together with other compounds as hydrotropic agents, for example with C 1 - to C 10 - alkyl phosphonic acid or C 1 - to C io - alkylphosphonic acid esters.
• alkyl sulfates are prepared in a manner known per se by reacting the corresponding alcohols with e.g. Sulfuric acid, oleum, chlorosulfonic acid or sulfur trioxide.
• Suitable aliphatic alcohols for the optional component (s) are expediently straight-chain alcohols which are known to be accessible either synthetically or as fatty alcohols from natural raw materials.
• Alcohols of natural origin are, for example, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol or oleyl alcohol.
• the synthetic alcohols are primarily alcohols derived from branched carbons, such as isobutyl alcohol, sec-butanol, tert-butanol, isoamyl alcohol, 2-ethylbutanol, 2-methylpentanol, 5-methylheptan-3-ol, 2-ethylhexanol, 1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutanol, octan-2-ol, isononyl alcohol, trimethylhexanol, trimethylnonyl alcohol, decanol, Cg-C 1 , oxo alcohol or hexadecyl alcohol.
• the alcohols can also be mixtures. Mixtures of this type can be derived in particular from the technical mixtures customary in fat chemistry, for example of straight-chain C 4 -C 18 alcohols.
• the textile auxiliaries according to the invention can be prepared by introducing components (a), (b), (c), (d) and optionally (e) in water, or by mixing the corresponding components with stirring and adding deionized water until there is a homogeneous solution. It is a purely mechanical process, which is optionally carried out at elevated temperature, for example from 30 to 40 ° C. There is no chemical reaction.
• a further embodiment of the preparation of the textile auxiliaries according to the invention is that component (c) is first reacted by reacting a monomeric ethylenically unsaturated sulfonic acid or carboxylic acid or its anhydride in the presence of one or more of the compounds of the nonionic surfactant (a) and / or (b) in the presence of a catalyst, adjust the pH to about 4.5 and then add the remaining components until a homogeneous solution is obtained.
• the finished textile aid has a pH of 3 to 5, preferably 3.5 to 4.5.
• a pH of 3 to 5, preferably 3.5 to 4.5 use e.g. Magnesium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, mono-, di- or triethanolamine and especially sodium hydroxide.
• the new formulations are low-foaming and silicone-free textile auxiliaries with a dirt-removing effect. Due to their liquid commercial form, they are easy to handle, which is why they are particularly suitable for modern dosing systems. They can be used universally and can therefore be used for various purposes.
• they can be used as wetting agents, textile detergents, dispersants or as stabilizers in peroxide bleaching liquors.
• the amounts in which the textile auxiliaries according to the invention are added to the treatment liquors are from 0.1 and 60, preferably from 0.2 and 10 g, per liter of treatment liquor.
• These fleets can also contain other additives, e.g. Desizing agents, dyes, optical brighteners, alkalis such as sodium hydroxide, hydrogen peroxide and magnesium salts.
• Possible fiber materials are: cellulose, in particular untreated natural cellulose such as Hemp, linen, jute, rayon, viscose, acetate treyon, native cellulose fiber and especially raw cotton, wool, polyamide, polyacrylonitrile or polyester fiber materials as well as fiber mixtures, e.g. those made of polyacrylonitrile / cotton or polyester / cotton.
• the fiber material to be treated can be in various processing stages, e.g. the cellulose-containing material as loose material, yarn, woven or knitted fabric. As a rule, these are always textile fiber materials which are produced from pure textile cellulose fibers or from mixtures of textile cellulose fibers with textile synthetic fibers.
• the fiber material can be treated continuously or batchwise in an aqueous liquor.
• the aqueous treatment liquors can be applied to the fiber materials in a known manner, advantageously by impregnation on the foulard, the liquor absorption being about 70 to 120% by weight.
• the padding process is used in particular in the pad-steam and pad-batch processes.
• the impregnation can be carried out at 10 to 60 ° C, but preferably at room temperature.
• the cellulose material is optionally subjected to a heat treatment, e.g. Subject at temperatures from 80 to 140 ° C.
• the heat treatment is preferably carried out by steaming at 95 to 140 ° C., in particular at 100 to 106 ° C. Depending on the type of heat development and the temperature range, the heat treatment can take 30 seconds to 60 minutes.
• the impregnated goods are rolled up without drying and then optionally packed with a plastic film and stored at room temperature for 1 to 24 hours.
• the treatment of the fiber materials can also be carried out in long liquors with a liquor ratio of e.g. 1: 3 to 1: 100, preferably 1: 4 to 1:25 and at 10 to 100, preferably 60 to 98 ° C for about 1/4 to 3 hours under normal conditions, i.e. under atmospheric pressure in conventional equipment, e.g. a jigger, jet or reel runner.
• a liquor ratio of e.g. 1: 3 to 1: 100, preferably 1: 4 to 1:25 and at 10 to 100, preferably 60 to 98 ° C for about 1/4 to 3 hours under normal conditions, i.e. under atmospheric pressure in conventional equipment, e.g. a jigger, jet or reel runner.
• the treatment up to 150 ° C, preferably 105 to 140 ° C under pressure in so-called high-temperature equipment (HT equipment) can be carried out.
• HT equipment high-temperature equipment
• the fiber materials are rinsed thoroughly with hot water at about 90 to 98 ° C. and then with warm and finally with cold water, neutralized if necessary and then preferably dried at elevated temperatures.
• Example 7a Implementation of the acrylic acid polymerization in the presence of an oxalcohol ethoxylate (component (c)):
• Example 7b Preparation of the formulation according to the invention:
• the foam volume of the composition according to the invention thus produced is 10 ml. (Test method see Examples 12 to 16)
• Example 12 The procedure is as described in Example 12, with the difference that 2.5 g of the formulation prepared in Example 2 are used instead of the formulation prepared in Example 1.
• the foam volume is 20 ml.
• Example 12 The procedure is as described in Example 12, with the difference that 2.5 g of the formulation prepared in Example 3 are used instead of the formulation prepared in Example 1.
• the foam volume is 30 ml.
• Example 12 The procedure is as described in Example 12, with the difference that 2.5 g of the formulation prepared in Example 4 are used instead of the formulation prepared in Example 1.
• the foam volume is 50 ml.
• Example 12 The procedure is as described in Example 12, with the difference that 2.5 g of the formulation prepared in Example 6 are used instead of the formulation prepared in Example 1.
• the foam volume is 40 ml.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)
• Emulsifying, Dispersing, Foam-Producing Or Wetting Agents (AREA)
• Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)

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Cited By (9)

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Citations (4)

• 1994
  • 1994-08-03 EP EP94810454A patent/EP0638635A1/fr not_active Ceased
  • 1994-08-11 KR KR1019940019769A patent/KR950005968A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1994-08-11 CN CN94109500A patent/CN1106872A/zh active Pending
  • 1994-08-11 ZA ZA946036A patent/ZA946036B/xx unknown
  • 1994-08-12 JP JP6189732A patent/JPH0782661A/ja active Pending
  • 1994-08-12 BR BR9403235A patent/BR9403235A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation

Patent Citations (4)

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