EP0628367B1 - Procédé pour la régénération de sable de fonderie usé - Google Patents

Procédé pour la régénération de sable de fonderie usé Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0628367B1
EP0628367B1 EP94108072A EP94108072A EP0628367B1 EP 0628367 B1 EP0628367 B1 EP 0628367B1 EP 94108072 A EP94108072 A EP 94108072A EP 94108072 A EP94108072 A EP 94108072A EP 0628367 B1 EP0628367 B1 EP 0628367B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sand
control modules
dust
dedusting
friction apparatus
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP94108072A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0628367A2 (fr
EP0628367A3 (fr
Inventor
Norbert Ing. Damm
Thomas Dr.-Ing. Parr
Tao Dr.-Ing. Wang
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Badische Maschinenfabrik GmbH
BMD Badische Maschinenfabrik Durlach GmbH
Original Assignee
Badische Maschinenfabrik GmbH
BMD Badische Maschinenfabrik Durlach GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Badische Maschinenfabrik GmbH, BMD Badische Maschinenfabrik Durlach GmbH filed Critical Badische Maschinenfabrik GmbH
Publication of EP0628367A2 publication Critical patent/EP0628367A2/fr
Publication of EP0628367A3 publication Critical patent/EP0628367A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0628367B1 publication Critical patent/EP0628367B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C5/00—Machines or devices specially designed for dressing or handling the mould material so far as specially adapted for that purpose
    • B22C5/18—Plants for preparing mould materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C5/00—Machines or devices specially designed for dressing or handling the mould material so far as specially adapted for that purpose
    • B22C5/10—Machines or devices specially designed for dressing or handling the mould material so far as specially adapted for that purpose by dust separating

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for regenerating Foundry sands by adding the old sand in batches Grater for mechanical release of the binder cover from Grain of sand fed out by means of a conveyor deducted from the grater, dusted and into the grater returned and after several cycles if necessary is withdrawn as regenerated sand.
  • thermal and mechanical processing methods known for the regeneration of old foundry sands.
  • the thermal processes are particularly useful for organic binders that are not thermally stable.
  • these processes require a high amount of energy and on the other hand lead to gas emissions what an additional effort in the removal of environmentally harmful Gases required. It is therefore increasing mechanical rubbing and scrubbing processes have been investigated, which is the only effective one anyway with inorganic binders Provide opportunity to remove the binder cover.
  • Combined procedures have already been proposed to especially old sand mixtures with different types of binders work up.
  • the invention has for its object that mentioned methods for mechanical processing of Process foundry sands to optimize consistently high cleaning efficiency to obtain.
  • the invention is based initially on the knowledge that old foundry sands, due to their very different composition (fine substance content, which can still be activated bentonite, still-burned bentonite (oolitized bentonite), coal dust, content of coke and chamotte, which mostly adhere to the grain of sand, and content of pure quartz) also require a varying treatment in the mechanical processing by rubbing and in the separation of the components by dedusting.
  • the used sand drawn off from the grater is therefore conveyed into an intermediate vessel, in which the dedusting takes place, and the dedusted old sand is returned to the grater.
  • the amount circulated between the grater and the intermediate vessel also plays a role.
  • these three process stages namely "rubbing" (R), “dedusting” (E) and “circulation” (U)
  • a certain nominal power is installed.
  • the invention is based on the further consideration that, depending on the quality, the old sand should be treated in the three process stages with varying effective output in order to achieve optimal regeneration with the lowest possible energy input while at the same time recovering the usable sludge (active bentonite, coal dust) and the least possible grain destruction in the To achieve quartz sand.
  • control module M The process stages R, E and U are therefore combined to form a control module M and a plurality of control modules M 1 to M n are provided which differ in the percentage of the effective power of the individual process stages R, E and U in relation to the nominal power.
  • These selected control modules M 1 to M n are stored in a control device.
  • the control device controls the grater, the conveyor and the dedusting device with a correspondingly selected sequence of the control modules.
  • Another quality criterion of the used sand is its moisture, which plays a role especially in the case of clay (bentonite) bound molding sands.
  • This residual moisture present in the old sand interferes with the dedusting during sand preparation and influences the necessary addition of water during molding sand.
  • the residual moisture and the sludge contained in the old sand form a kind of lubricant that affects the rubbing treatment in the grater.
  • the old sand is therefore first dried in a dryer, from there into the tundish and then circulated between it and the grater.
  • the used sand is freed of residual moisture in the dryer or dried to a defined low moisture content.
  • the process stage "drying" (T) is also included in the control modules M 1 to M n , with a different percentage of the effective power of the dryer based on its nominal power. Not only the grater, the conveyor and the dedusting device, but also the dryer are then controlled with a sequence of control modules selected in accordance with the quality of the used sand.
  • the duration of the treatment of the old sand can also be set for each control module M 1 to M n .
  • the friction intensity in the grater can be different Type vary, for example by changing the Pressure of the friction tools, by fluidizing the friction space, by quickly withdrawing the used sand from the friction zone etc.
  • a grater that offers these possibilities offers is in the older patent application DE-A 42 37 838 described by the applicant.
  • the dedusting performance leaves vary in a simple manner that in that Intermediate vessel into which the old sand enters, purge air is promoted in a controlled manner.
  • SAND TYPE CONTROL MODULE SEQUENCE Core sand without bentonite sand M 1 , M 2 , M 3 , M 4 Core sand with dry, still burned bentonite sand M 5 , M 2 , M 3 , M 4 Core sand with moist, active bentonite sand M 6 , M 2 , M 3 , M 4 Dry bentonite sand with little core sand M 3 , M 2 , M 3 , M 2 M 3 , M 4 Moist bentonite sand with little core sand M 6 , M 2 , M 3 , M 2 M 3 , M 4 Core sand with relatively much core breakage M 7 , M 2 , M 3 , M 4
  • the quality of the used sand can be determined on a sample that is significantly smaller than the batch in an analysis generator consisting of a grinder and a dedusting device, whereby a selection of physical properties of the used sand is measured, e.g. its moisture content, fine fraction (sieve analysis ), Loss of ignition, dust density etc.
  • the measured values obtained can be assigned to certain control modules M 1 to M n and a certain sequence of control modules by means of a program.
  • the measured values determined by means of the analysis generator can thus be used directly to control the control modules and their sequence on the control device for the regeneration of the old sand.
  • Fig. 1 shows a diagram in which the absorbed force is plotted against time.
  • the Curve A is typical for old sand with low fines (Slurry), e.g. for a core sand while curve B is typical for old sand with a high proportion of fine particles (Slurry), e.g. a bentonite bond Molding sand.
  • Another method to get a quality statement about the old sand is that a sample of the old sand with a certain mass in a microwave dryer dried, the temporal temperature curve in the Sample measured and the temperature curve that qualifies the old sand to control the control modules and their sequence is used.
  • a sample with a defined mass is obtained dried in a microwave dryer.
  • Fig. 2 are two typical curves are shown.
  • the curve C shows an extensive plateau at 100 ° C, the old sand consequently contains a larger proportion of water during the Used sand according to curve D contains practically no residual moisture.
  • Another characteristic is the different strengths Rise after the 100 ° C plateau.
  • the sharp rise in Curve C is on a noteworthy carbon content attributed to rapid and strong heating of the sample leads, while curve D is relative shows flat constant temperature rise.
  • the curve C is typical for wet cast sand, while curve D for a core sand is representative. Because the microwave drying - just like the ramming method described above - can be carried out quickly, from the pressure curve 1 and the temperature curve 2 and from the respective maximum values very much quick statements about the composition of the old sand be won.
  • Another way to qualify the old sand, especially with regard to the existing fine and Very fine fractions, is possible according to the invention in that a sample of the old sand in an open sample container filled and pressurized with compressed air from below, whose pressure is set so that all particles below of a certain particle size and suspended and that above the level of the sample the Turbidity of the air flow and its qualifying the old sand time course recorded and the turbidity curve to control the control modules and their sequence is used.
  • This turbidity measurement which is inherent in the analysis of Gas / solid dispersions is known, in turn, provides a maximum turbidity value and a time course of the turbidity value. A steep climb and a high one Maximum values speak for bentonite-bound molding sand or a high proportion of the same in the old sand, e.g. For old sand from the cast unpacking area, while low Turbidity values for a core sand or an old sand in the area of foundry cleaning.
  • Another way of qualifying the straight processed sand during its treatment possible in that the during Dusting of the old sand treated in the grater discharged dust collected and per unit time
  • the amount of dust produced is gravimetric or volumetric recorded, the temporal dust quantity gradient thus obtained recorded and the height of the dust volume gradient and its course to adjust the duration of treatment is used in the grater.
  • bentonite-bound used sand shows with pre-dedusting a high and approximate in time constant dust level, which only after a certain Duration decreases significantly.
  • By recording the dust volume gradient and its shape during the dedusting is a quality assessment of the initial dust possible. Is there a significant drop in the Gradient, the old sand is sent to the dryer or fed to the grater and the treatment started, the rest of the process via those stored in the control unit Control modules is controlled. The one with pre-dedusting Dust can be recycled.
  • the method can be further optimized in that in the mechanical processing stage as dust-free as possible Used sand arrives because the dust content in the used sand Reduction of the friction and effective on the used sand grain Abrasive forces.
  • the dust acts as a lubricant, so to speak.
  • Such graters are usually the one here addressed type driven by an electric motor.
  • the friction and This has an abrasive effect on the used sand grain directly at the current consumption of the drive motor. It can therefore measure this current consumption and the measured value as a control variable for the duration of the treatment of the old sand be used.
  • the old foundry sand is placed in a feed container 1 fed, withdrawn from there by means of a conveyor 2 and placed on a vibrating screen 3, that for retention larger tuber of sand, impurities or the like.
  • a conveyor 4 passes on which a magnetic separator 5 is assigned and the used sand is pneumatic Transmitter 6 feeds the old sand into one of the storage bunkers 7, 8, 9 or via a direct line 10 to a dryer 11 feeds.
  • the dryer 11 is also pneumatic Delivery line 12 and a pneumatic transmitter 13 connected to the storage bunkers 7, 8 and 9.
  • the dryer 11 which is preferably designed as a fluid bed dryer and therefore connected to a blower 15 via a line 14 on the outlet side opens into an intermediate vessel 16 for dedusting the old sand. This tundish will again from the blower 15 via line 17 with purge air provided.
  • the old sand comes over a down pipe 22 into a possibly collecting several batches Container 23, on the outlet side of which is again a pneumatic one Transmitter 24 is arranged, the regenerated sand via line 25 into a dedusting device 26 promotes from where the regenerated sand - possibly via another Sieve 27 - gets into a pneumatic transmitter 28.
  • This conveys the regenerated sand into one of the regenerated sand bunkers 29, 30 or 31, in which possibly different Sand types can be saved. From the regenerated sand bunkers 29, 30 and 31, the regenerated sand reaches by means of of a pneumatic transmitter 33 back to the foundry.
  • the dust cycle is described below: The on Feed container 1 and in the area of the conveyor 2 and the Screening machine 3 accumulating dust is immediately in the Dust collector 34 promoted.
  • the during treatment in Fluid bed dryer 11 and accumulating in the intermediate vessel 16 Dust enters a device via lines 35 and 36, respectively 37 or 38, in which the amount of dust and their temporal seizure can be recorded gravimetrically.
  • dusts e.g. Slurry
  • acts they are pneumatically in the lines 39 and 40 in the Sludge bunker 41 promoted.
  • the old sand bunker 7, 8 and 9 are via lines 42 and the dedusting device 26 via line 43 and the old sand bunker 29, 30 and 31 via line 44 to the dust collector 34 connected.
  • the dust collected there can also get into the Line 40 and thus in the dust bunker 41 for recycling be promoted.
  • the described graters 19 with the tundish 16 can be switched in the circuit, in principle be constructed arbitrarily. However, graters are preferred used as in the earlier patent application DE-A 42 37 838 of the applicant are described.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mold Materials And Core Materials (AREA)
  • Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Procédé de régénération de sables de décochage, dans lequel on conduit le sable de décochage par charges successives dans un appareil de friction (19) pour détacher mécaniquement l'enveloppe de liant du grain de sable, on retire le sable de l'appareil de friction (19), on le dépoussière et on le reconduit dans l'appareil de friction (19) au moyen d'un convoyeur (20,21), et on le retire, le cas échéant après plusieurs cycles, sous la forme de sable régénéré, caractérisé en ce que :
    l'on conduit le sable de décochage de l'appareil de friction (19) dans un réservoir tampon (16) comportant un dispositif de dépoussiérage et on le fait circuler plusieurs fois entre celui-ci et l'appareil de friction (19),
    on groupe les étapes de "friction" (F), "dépoussiérage" (D) et "circulation" (C) en un module de commande M,
    on constitue un grand nombre de modules de commande M1 à Mn qui se différencient par le pourcentage de rendement effectif de chaque étape du procédé ((F), (E) et (C) par rapport à leur effet nominal,
    on mémorise les modules de commande M1 à Mn dans un organe de commande, et
    on commande l'appareil de friction (19), le convoyeur (20,21) et le dispositif de dépoussiérage au moyen de l'organe de commande en utilisant une séquence de modules de commandes correspondant à la qualité du sable de décochage déterminée dans un processus antérieur.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le sable de décochage est d'abord séché dans un séchoir (11), qu'on le conduit dans le réservoir tampon (16) et qu'on le fait circuler ensuite entre celui-ci et l'appareil de friction (19), et que l'étape de "séchage" (S) est incorporée dans les modules de commande M1 à Mn avec un pourcentage variable de puissance effective de l'appareil de séchage par rapport à sa puissance nominale, et en ce que l'appareil de friction (19), le convoyeur (20,21), le dispositif de dépoussiérage et le séchoir (11) sont commandés en utilisant une séquence de modules de commande choisie en fonction de la qualité du sable de décochage.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la durée de traitement du sable de décochage est réglée pour chaque module de commande M1 à Mn.
  4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que l'on détermine la qualité du sable de décochage sur la base d'un échantillon sensiblement moins important que la charge dans un régénérateur d'analyse, comprenant un appareil de friction et un dispositif de dépoussiérage, en mesurant les qualités physiques choisies du sable de décochage, et en ce qu'avec les mesures obtenues, attribuées à l'aide d'un programme à des modules de commande M1 à Mn et à une séquence de modules de commandes définis, on commande les modules de commande et leur séquence au niveau de l'organe de commande.
  5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que l'on remplit une sonde d'échantillonnage ouverte à sa face supérieure avec un échantillon de sable de décochage jusqu'à un niveau défini, qu'on le soumet à une ou plusieurs reprises à une masse tombante constante et qu'on enregistre la variation de pression en fonction du temps au niveau du fond du récipient d'échantillonnage, et en ce que l'on utilise la courbe de variation de la pression caractérisant le sable de décochage pour commander les modules de commande et leur séquence.
  6. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que l'on sèche un échantillon de sable de décochage ayant une certaine masse dans un séchoir à micro-ondes, que l'on mesure l'évolution dans le temps de la température dans l'échantillon et que l'on utilise la courbe de variation de la température caractérisant le sable de décochage pour commander les modules de commande et leur séquence.
  7. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que l'on introduit un échantillon de sable de décochage dans une sonde d'échantillonnage ouverte à sa face supérieure et qu'on le soumet par le bas à de l'air comprimé, dont la pression est réglée de telle manière que toutes les particules en-dessous d'une taille prédéfinie remontent et sont évacuées, et en ce qu'au-dessus du niveau de l'échantillon, on enregistre la turbidité du flux d'air et sa variation dans le temps caractérisant le sable de décochage et on utilise la courbe de turbidité pour commander les modules de commande et leur séquence.
  8. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que lors du dépoussiérage du sable de décochage traité dans l'appareil de friction on récupère de la poussière évacuée et on détermine par gravimétrie ou volumétrie la quantité de poussière produite par unité de temps, on enregistre le gradient dans le temps ainsi obtenu de la quantité de poussière, et on utilise sa hauteur et la forme de sa variation pour régler la durée du traitement dans l'appareil de friction.
  9. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que l'on procède à un dépoussiérage du sable de décochage préalable au traitement et que durant cette opération de dépoussiérage on enregistre le gradient de la quantité de poussière, et que lorsque la courbe de variation du gradient de la quantité de poussière accuse une chute significative lors de ce dépoussiérage préliminaire, on introduit le sable de décochage dans le séchoir ou l'appareil de friction et on commence le traitement.
  10. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que lorsque lors du dépoussiérage préliminaire le gradient de la quantité de poussière tombe en-dessous d'une valeur limite inférieure, on rejette la poussière produite, tandis qu'au-dessus de cette valeur limite, on collecte la poussière en vue de sa réutilisation.
  11. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que l'on utilise un appareil de friction entraíné électriquement, l'on mesure la consommation de courant de l'appareil de friction et que l'on utilise la valeur mesurée comme grandeur de consigne pour la durée du traitement du sable de décochage.
  12. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce que l'on utilise un ou plusieurs des procédés selon l'une des revendications 5 à 7 pour déterminer la qualité du sable régénéré retiré de l'appareil de friction.
EP94108072A 1993-06-01 1994-05-26 Procédé pour la régénération de sable de fonderie usé Expired - Lifetime EP0628367B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4318136A DE4318136A1 (de) 1993-06-01 1993-06-01 Verfahren zum Regenerieren von Gießerei-Altsanden
DE4318136 1993-06-01

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0628367A2 EP0628367A2 (fr) 1994-12-14
EP0628367A3 EP0628367A3 (fr) 1995-04-26
EP0628367B1 true EP0628367B1 (fr) 1998-11-04

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EP94108072A Expired - Lifetime EP0628367B1 (fr) 1993-06-01 1994-05-26 Procédé pour la régénération de sable de fonderie usé

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EP (1) EP0628367B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE172902T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4318136A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102011075630A1 (de) * 2011-05-11 2012-11-15 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zur Prüfung der Qualität von Regeneratsand
DE102011075631A1 (de) * 2011-05-11 2012-11-15 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zur Prüfung der Qualität von Regeneratsand

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU387778A1 (ru) * 1971-05-31 1973-06-22 М. А. Осипов Оротуканский завод горного оборудовани Установка для сухой регенерации зернистых
ATE79062T1 (de) * 1988-05-26 1992-08-15 Pohl Giessereitechnik Verfahren und vorrichtung zum regenieren von giessereialtsanden.
DE4212097A1 (de) * 1992-04-10 1993-10-14 Boenisch Dietmar Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Regenerieren von Giessereisand
DE4315893A1 (de) * 1992-07-24 1994-11-17 Boenisch Dietmar Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Regenerieren von Gießereisand
DE4237838A1 (de) * 1992-11-10 1994-05-11 Badische Maschf Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Regenerieren von Gießereialtsand

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102011075630A1 (de) * 2011-05-11 2012-11-15 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zur Prüfung der Qualität von Regeneratsand
DE102011075631A1 (de) * 2011-05-11 2012-11-15 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zur Prüfung der Qualität von Regeneratsand
DE102011075631B4 (de) 2011-05-11 2021-10-28 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zur Prüfung der Qualität von Regeneratsand
DE102011075630B4 (de) 2011-05-11 2022-03-03 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zur Prüfung der Qualität von Regeneratsand

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0628367A2 (fr) 1994-12-14
DE59407204D1 (de) 1998-12-10
EP0628367A3 (fr) 1995-04-26
ATE172902T1 (de) 1998-11-15
DE4318136A1 (de) 1994-12-08

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