EP0627606B1 - Preheating device - Google Patents

Preheating device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0627606B1
EP0627606B1 EP94106297A EP94106297A EP0627606B1 EP 0627606 B1 EP0627606 B1 EP 0627606B1 EP 94106297 A EP94106297 A EP 94106297A EP 94106297 A EP94106297 A EP 94106297A EP 0627606 B1 EP0627606 B1 EP 0627606B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
core
silo housing
electrodes
concentric
silo
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP94106297A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0627606A3 (en
EP0627606A2 (en
Inventor
Werner Fischer
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Maschinenfabrik Gustav Eirich GmbH and Co KG
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Maschinenfabrik Gustav Eirich GmbH and Co KG
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Publication of EP0627606A2 publication Critical patent/EP0627606A2/en
Publication of EP0627606A3 publication Critical patent/EP0627606A3/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/10—Charging directly from hoppers or shoots
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D13/00—Apparatus for preheating charges; Arrangements for preheating charges
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/0033—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge charging of particulate material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F27D99/0001—Heating elements or systems
    • F27D99/0006—Electric heating elements or system
    • F27D2099/0008—Resistor heating

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for preheating Drying agents according to the preamble of claim 1 (EP 0 355 361 A).
  • Masses for the production of electrodes (anodes, cathodes) for aluminum production by melt flow electrolysis consist of drying agents - drying agents are mixtures from petroleum coke and granularly prepared electrode residues -, unlucky as binders just before shaping is added. Masses of this composition will also be called green masses from which the electrodes are formed and then burned.
  • binders For adding binders is to heat up the dry matter in this regard is spoken of preheating, what in so-called preheaters happens in the evening about dosing car dryers conveyed, the material to be conveyed is heated in the preheater, and from which, on the other hand, heated dry matter towards be supplied by mixers.
  • a preheater there are heating screws, Heating silos and heating drums known.
  • the invention has the subject of a heating silo.
  • a heating silo is known - in technical terms they are known as Batch preheater called -, in the dry matter through electric resistance heating is preheated.
  • Batch preheater Internally of the preheater are several electrodes arranged one above the other - Preheater walls completely isolated - for Introduction and discharge of the dry matter flowing through and thus heating current (direct or alternating current) intended.
  • the well-known, polygonal device in plan is characterized by an inhomogeneous mass flow, and uneven heating up to graphitization not discharged mass on the electrodes and burn out of isolation.
  • the task is set a preheater of the type mentioned above create dry matter through a homogeneous mass flow is heated evenly and preheater so to arrange for repairs to be carried out as quickly as possible Standstill certificates of the entire facility for green masses possible are.
  • the task is mediated of the features of claim 1 solved.
  • Fig. 1 shows schematically two preheaters 10, 11 on a frame 12 are arranged.
  • the preheater 10 is below a continuously operating scale 13 and above a continuously operating mixer 14 is arranged.
  • the preheater 10 is via filling pipes 19 and 20 and the mixer 14 is fed from the scale 13.
  • Fig. 1 is the preheater 10 via electrodes 16, 17 and connection cable 18 connected to a rectifier 15.
  • Preheater 10 and 11 are arranged on a horizontal frame 12, that is rotatable about a vertical axis of rotation 19 by 360% is trained.
  • the rectifier 15 can be suspended (Loosen the connection cable 18), the frame 12 rotated by 180%, so that the preheater 11 under the scale 13 and above the mixer 14 driven, and the connecting cable 18 again with the electrodes 16, 17 (parts of the same type and function are identified by the same reference numerals) and preheater 11 are put into operation.
  • this Possibility of retracting a replacement preheater (either 10 or 11)
  • business interruptions can occur at a time Minimum dimensions are pressed.
  • FIG. 2 shows preheaters 10 designed according to the invention (in operation) and 11 (in operation).
  • the preheaters 10 and 11 are identical, so that the Description limited to that of the preheater 10.
  • the preheater 10 consists of a round Hollow body 22, hereinafter also called silo housing 22, that Rings 23 arranged concentrically one above the other (in the illustrated Case six rings 23) is formed.
  • the concentricity is ensured by the face arranged steps 24, 25 that fit into each other, the Center rings 23 to each other so that one is stepless round inner surface 26 and outer surface 27 of the silo housing 22 arises.
  • the rings 23 forming the silo housing 22 exist from a heat-resistant, in electrically non-conductive ceramic material, for example a heat-resistant (Under heat resistance should be resistance up to 500 ° C be understood) concrete.
  • the one made of ceramic material Silo housing 22 is surrounded concentrically at a distance from a metallic jacket tube 28 that is equidistant on all sides held on supports 29 to the silo housing 22 is.
  • the so between silo housing 22 and metallic Casing tube 28 adjusting air space 30 also serves for insulation purposes.
  • the silo housing 22 At the top, i.e. towards the scale 13 are the silo housing 22, the air space 30 and the jacket tube 28 through a removable cover 31 closed, the one in the middle Opening 32 for passing on the filling tube 19 emerging dry goods in the silo housing 22.
  • the core 34 Concentric within the silo housing 22 and rectified there is a round core 31.
  • the core 34 consists of rings 35 which are arranged one on top of the other by means of a tie rod 36 and an anchor plate 36a are held together.
  • the rings 35 consist of the same ceramic material as that Rings 23 of the silo housing 22 protrude into the annular space at the top 37 on one or as in the present exemplary embodiment shown inner electrodes attached to two rings 23 41. Two radially opposite, between them the inner electrodes 34 receiving the core 41. In fact, the inner circumference is more even Division of several such internal electrodes 41 den Annular space 37 provided through to the core 34, whereby these electrodes 41 are electrically conductive, i.e.
  • a stream are conductively connected to each other.
  • the concentric and axial mounting of the Core 34 in silo housing 22 may be concentric by means of the inner electrodes 41 which axial mounting could be via a metallic ring 42 - attached to the upper end of the core 34 and by means of one Shoulder 40 resting on the inner electrodes 41, the also serve as an electrical connection of the inner electrodes could - be carried out.
  • inner electrodes 43 provided with a lower electrode 17, which is also connected to the rectifier 15 is connected, are electrically conductively connected.
  • Fig. 2 45 denotes a drive unit which with a drive shaft 46, the cover 33 Rotating removal tool train between tie plate 36a and cover 33 47 drives.
  • the removal tool 42 is made from one (in plan view, not shown) star of several circularly curved arms 48 that remove dry matter and the removal in the eccentrically opening into the cover 33 Promote filling tube 20.
  • Dry matter is from the Scale 13 coming through opening 32 into annular space 37, favored by the distribution cone 38 evenly on the Annulus 37 distributed.
  • a dry matter column is formed in the annular space 37 externally limited in the form of a ring tube through the inner diameter of the silo housing 22 and internally through the outer diameter of the core 34.
  • the ablation tool 47 continuously removes dry matter at the bottom and conveys it through the filling pipe towards the mixer 14 so that the desiccant evenly from top to bottom wanders.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
  • Ceramic Products (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung Zur Vorwärmung von Trockenstoffen nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1 (EP 0 355 361 A).The invention relates to a device for preheating Drying agents according to the preamble of claim 1 (EP 0 355 361 A).

Massen zur Herstellung von Elektroden (Anoden, Kathoden) für die Aluminiumerzeugung durch Schmelzflusselektrolyse bestehen aus Trockenstoffen - Trockenstoffe sind Mischungen aus Petrolkoks und körnig aufbereiteten Elektrodenresten -, denen unmittelbar vor der Formgebung Pech als Bindemittel zugegeben wird. Massen dieser Zusammensetzung werden auch grüne Massen genannt, aus ihnen werden die Elektroden geformt und anschliessend gebrannt. Zur Beimischung von Bindemitteln ist der Trockenstoff Zu erwärmen, diesbezüglich wird von Vorwärmen gesprochen, was in sogenannten Vorwärmern geschieht, in die einends über Dosierwagen Trockenstoffe gefördert, das Fördergut im Vorwärmer erwärmt, und aus denen anderenends erwärmte Trockenstoffe in Richtung von Mischern angetragen werden. Als Vorwärmer sind Heizschnecken, Heizsilos und Heiztrommeln bekannt. Die Erfindung hat ein Heizsilo zum Gegenstand.Masses for the production of electrodes (anodes, cathodes) for aluminum production by melt flow electrolysis consist of drying agents - drying agents are mixtures from petroleum coke and granularly prepared electrode residues -, unlucky as binders just before shaping is added. Masses of this composition will also be called green masses from which the electrodes are formed and then burned. For adding binders is to heat up the dry matter in this regard is spoken of preheating, what in so-called preheaters happens in the evening about dosing car dryers conveyed, the material to be conveyed is heated in the preheater, and from which, on the other hand, heated dry matter towards be supplied by mixers. As a preheater there are heating screws, Heating silos and heating drums known. The invention has the subject of a heating silo.

Bekannt ist ein Heizsilo - in der Fachsprache sind sie als Batchvorwärmer bezeichnet -, in dem Trockenstoff durch elektrische Widerstandsheizung vorgewärmt wird. Im Inneren des Vorwärmers sind mehrere übereinander angeordnete Elektroden - Vorwärmerwandungen isoliert durchgreifend - zur Ein- und Ableitung des den Trockenstoff durchfliessenden und damit aufheizenden Stromes (Gleich- oder Wechselstrom) vorgesehen. Die bekannte, im Grundriss mehreckige Vorrichtung kennzeichnet sich durch einen inhomogenen Massenfluss, und ungleichmässige Erwärmung, die bis zur Graphitisierung nicht ausgetragener Masse auf den Elektroden und Durchbrennen der Isolation führt. Diese Nachteile werden durch die Anordnung von Vorwärmern in Anlagen zur Herstellung grüner Massen verstärkt, indem Anordnungen so getroffen sind, dass die Reparatur eines Vorwärmers ganze Herstellungsanlagen stillsetzt.A heating silo is known - in technical terms they are known as Batch preheater called -, in the dry matter through electric resistance heating is preheated. Internally of the preheater are several electrodes arranged one above the other - Preheater walls completely isolated - for Introduction and discharge of the dry matter flowing through and thus heating current (direct or alternating current) intended. The well-known, polygonal device in plan is characterized by an inhomogeneous mass flow, and uneven heating up to graphitization not discharged mass on the electrodes and burn out of isolation. These disadvantages are compounded by the Arrangement of preheaters in plants for the production of green Masses increased by arranging so that the repair of a preheater entire manufacturing equipment stops.

Hiervon ausgehend wird die Aufgabe gestellt, einen Vorwärmer der vorstehend erwähnten Art zu schaffen, indem durch einen homogenen Massefluss Trockenstoff gleichmässig erwärmt wird und Vorwärmer so anzuordnen, dass Reparaturen vermittels kürzest möglicher Stillstandszetien der Gesamtanlage für grüne Massen möglich sind. Die Aufgabe wird vermittels der Merkmale des Anspruches 1 gelöst.Based on this, the task is set a preheater of the type mentioned above create dry matter through a homogeneous mass flow is heated evenly and preheater so to arrange for repairs to be carried out as quickly as possible Standstill certificates of the entire facility for green masses possible are. The task is mediated of the features of claim 1 solved.

Die Erfindung wird vorteilhaft weitergebildet durch die Gegenstände der dem Anspruch 1 folgenden Ansprüche.The invention is advantageously further developed by the objects of claims following claim 1.

Vorteile, Merkmale und Einzelheiten der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der folgenden Beschreibung eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispieles und der Zeichnung. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
Vorwärmer in schematischer Darstellung zwischen Waage und Mischer angeschlossen an einen Gleichrichter,
Fig. 2
einen erfindungsgemässen Vorwärmer im Schnitt, mit einem zweiten in Revolveranordnung schematisch gezeigt.
Advantages, features and details of the invention emerge from the following description of a preferred exemplary embodiment and the drawing. Show it:
Fig. 1
Preheater in schematic representation between scale and mixer connected to a rectifier,
Fig. 2
a preheater according to the invention in section, shown schematically with a second in turret arrangement.

Fig. 1 zeigt schematisch zwei Vorwärmer 10, 11, die auf einem Gestell 12 angeordnet sind. Der Vorwärmer 10 ist unterhalb einer kontinuierlich arbeitenden Waage 13 und oberhalb eines kontinuilierlich arbeitenden Mischers 14 angeordnet. Ueber Befüllrohre 19 und 20 wird der Vorwärmer 10 und der Mischer 14 ausgehend von der Waage 13 beschickt. In Fig. 1 ist der Vorwärmer 10 über Elektroden 16, 17 und Anschlusskabel 18 mit einem Gleichrichter 15 verbunden. Vorwärmer 10 und 11 sind auf einem waagerechten Gestell 12 angeordnet, das um eine senkrechte Drehachse 19 um 360% drehbar ausgebildet ist. Sollten am Vorwärmer 10 Reparaturen notwendig werden, so kann der Gleichrichter 15 abgehängt (Lösen der Anschlusskabel 18), das Gestell 12 um 180% gedreht, damit der Vorwärmer 11 unter die Waage 13 und über den Mischer 14 gefahren, und die Anschlusskabel 18 wieder mit den Elektroden 16, 17 (Teile gleicher Art und Funktion sind mit gleichen Bezugszeichen gekennzeichnet) verbunden und Vorwärmer 11 in Betrieb genommen werden. Mit dieser Möglichkeit des Einfahrens eines Ersatzvorwärmers (entweder 10 oder 11) können Betriebsunterbrüche zeitlich auf ein Mindestmass gedrückt werden.Fig. 1 shows schematically two preheaters 10, 11 on a frame 12 are arranged. The preheater 10 is below a continuously operating scale 13 and above a continuously operating mixer 14 is arranged. The preheater 10 is via filling pipes 19 and 20 and the mixer 14 is fed from the scale 13. In Fig. 1 is the preheater 10 via electrodes 16, 17 and connection cable 18 connected to a rectifier 15. Preheater 10 and 11 are arranged on a horizontal frame 12, that is rotatable about a vertical axis of rotation 19 by 360% is trained. Should 10 repairs on the preheater become necessary, the rectifier 15 can be suspended (Loosen the connection cable 18), the frame 12 rotated by 180%, so that the preheater 11 under the scale 13 and above the mixer 14 driven, and the connecting cable 18 again with the electrodes 16, 17 (parts of the same type and function are identified by the same reference numerals) and preheater 11 are put into operation. With this Possibility of retracting a replacement preheater (either 10 or 11), business interruptions can occur at a time Minimum dimensions are pressed.

Fig. 2 zeigt gemäss der Erfindung ausgebildete Vorwärmer 10 (in Betrieb) und 11 (in Betriebsbereitschaft). Die Vorwärmer 10 und 11 sind identisch ausgebildet, so dass sich die Beschreibung auf die des Vorwärmers 10 beschränkt.2 shows preheaters 10 designed according to the invention (in operation) and 11 (in operation). The preheaters 10 and 11 are identical, so that the Description limited to that of the preheater 10.

Der erfindungsgemässe Vorwärmer 10 besteht aus einem runden Hohlköper 22, folgend auch Silohäuse 22 genannt, das aus konzentrisch übereinander angeordneten Ringen 23 (im dargestellten Fall sechs Ringen 23) gebildet ist. The preheater 10 according to the invention consists of a round Hollow body 22, hereinafter also called silo housing 22, that Rings 23 arranged concentrically one above the other (in the illustrated Case six rings 23) is formed.

Die Konzentrizität wird gewährleistet durch stirnflächig angeordnete Stufungen 24, 25, die ineinander passend, die Ringe 23 zueinander zentrieren, so dass eine stufenlos runde Innen- 26 und Aussenfläche 27 des Silogehäuses 22 entsteht. Die das Silogehäuse 22 bildenden Ringe 23 bestehen aus einem wärmebeständigen, in elektrisch nicht leitendem keramischen Material, beispielsweise einem wärmebeständigen (unter wärmebeständig soll Beständigkeit bis 500°C verstanden werden) Beton. Das aus keramischem Material bestehende Silogehäuse 22 ist in Abstand konzentrisch umgeben von einem metallischen Mantelrohr 28, dass allseits aequidistant über Abstützungen 29 zum Silogehäuse 22 gehalten ist. Der sich so zwischen Silogehäuse 22 und metallischem Mantelrohr 28 einstellende Luftraum 30 dient auch zu Isolationszwecken.The concentricity is ensured by the face arranged steps 24, 25 that fit into each other, the Center rings 23 to each other so that one is stepless round inner surface 26 and outer surface 27 of the silo housing 22 arises. The rings 23 forming the silo housing 22 exist from a heat-resistant, in electrically non-conductive ceramic material, for example a heat-resistant (Under heat resistance should be resistance up to 500 ° C be understood) concrete. The one made of ceramic material Silo housing 22 is surrounded concentrically at a distance from a metallic jacket tube 28 that is equidistant on all sides held on supports 29 to the silo housing 22 is. The so between silo housing 22 and metallic Casing tube 28 adjusting air space 30 also serves for insulation purposes.

Obenendig, d.h. in Richtung auf die Waage 13 sind das Silogehäuse 22, der Luftraum 30 und das Mantelrohr 28 durch einen entfernbaren Deckel 31 verschlossen, der eine mittige Oeffnung 32 zur Weiterleitung des aus dem Befüllrohr 19 austretenden Trockengutes in das Silogehäuse 22 aufweist. Untenendig, d.h. in Strömungsrichtung des Trockengutes in Richtung auf den Mischer, ist das Silogehäuse 22 gleichermassen mit einem Deckel 33 mit einer Oeffnung 33a verschlossen, in den das Befüllrohr 20 mündet.At the top, i.e. towards the scale 13 are the silo housing 22, the air space 30 and the jacket tube 28 through a removable cover 31 closed, the one in the middle Opening 32 for passing on the filling tube 19 emerging dry goods in the silo housing 22. Bottom end, i.e. in the flow direction of the dry material in Direction towards the mixer, the silo housing 22 is equally with a cover 33 with an opening 33a closed, in which the filling pipe 20 opens.

Konzentrisch innerhalb des Silogehäuses 22 und gleichgerichtet dazu verlaufend befindet sich ein runder Kern 31. Der Kern 34 besteht aus Ringen 35, die aufeinander angeordnet vermittels eines Zugankers 36 und einer Ankerplatte 36a zusammengehalten sind. Concentric within the silo housing 22 and rectified there is a round core 31. The core 34 consists of rings 35 which are arranged one on top of the other by means of a tie rod 36 and an anchor plate 36a are held together.

Zwischen innerer Umfangswandung des Silogehäuses 22 und äusserem Umfang des Kerns 34 verbleibt ein Ringraum 37, der obendendig von einem Verteilkegel 38 auf dem Kern 34 mengenmässig gleichmässig nach allen Seiten beschickt wird, wobei die Spitze 39 des Veteilkegels 38 zu diesem Zweck konzentrisch zur Oeffnung 32 angeordnet ist. Die Ringe 35 bestehen aus einem gleichen keramischen Werkstoff wie die Ringe 23 des Silogehäuses 22. Obenendig ragen in den Ringraum 37 an einem oder wie im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel dargestellt an zwei Ringen 23 befestigte innere Elektroden 41. Dargestellt sind zwei sich radial gegenüberliegende, zwischen sich den Kern 34 aufnehmende innere Elektroden 41. Tatsächlich sind am inneren Umfang in gleichmässiger Teilung mehrere solcher innerer Elektroden 41 den Ringraum 37 bis zum Kern 34 durchgreifend vorgesehen, wobei diese Elektroden 41 elektrisch leitend, d.h. einen Strom leitend miteinander verbunden sind. Die obere Elektrode 16, die mit dem Gleichrichter 15 verbunden ist, durchgreift (isoliert) das Mantelrohr 28, den Luftraum 30 und schliesst Ringe durchgreifend an eine innere Elektrode 41 oder an die Einrichtung zur elektrischen Verbindung der inneren Eletroden 41 an. Die konzentrische und axiale Halterung des Kernes 34 in dem Silogehäuse 22 kann bezüglich der Konzentrizität vermittels der inneren Elektroden 41 erfolgen, die axiale Halterung könnte über einen metallischen Ring 42 - am oberen Ende des Kernes 34 befestigt und vermittels einer Schulter 40 auf den inneren Elektroden 41 aufliegend, der auch als elektrische Verbindung der inneren Elektroden dienen könnte - vollzogen werden. Between the inner peripheral wall of the silo housing 22 and An annular space 37 remains on the outer circumference of the core 34 at the end of a distribution cone 38 on the core 34 quantity is loaded evenly on all sides, the tip 39 of the distribution cone 38 for this purpose is arranged concentrically to the opening 32. The rings 35 consist of the same ceramic material as that Rings 23 of the silo housing 22 protrude into the annular space at the top 37 on one or as in the present exemplary embodiment shown inner electrodes attached to two rings 23 41. Two radially opposite, between them the inner electrodes 34 receiving the core 41. In fact, the inner circumference is more even Division of several such internal electrodes 41 den Annular space 37 provided through to the core 34, whereby these electrodes 41 are electrically conductive, i.e. a stream are conductively connected to each other. The upper electrode 16, which is connected to the rectifier 15 (insulated) the casing tube 28, the air space 30 and closes Rings penetrate to an inner electrode 41 or to the Device for the electrical connection of the inner electrodes 41 on. The concentric and axial mounting of the Core 34 in silo housing 22 may be concentric by means of the inner electrodes 41 which axial mounting could be via a metallic ring 42 - attached to the upper end of the core 34 and by means of one Shoulder 40 resting on the inner electrodes 41, the also serve as an electrical connection of the inner electrodes could - be carried out.

Untenendig am Silogehäuse 22 sind in gleicher Ausbildung und Anordnung innere Elektroden 43 vorgesehen, die mit einer unteren Elektrode 17, die auch mit dem Gleichrichter 15 verbunden ist, elektrisch leitend verbunden sind.At the bottom of the silo housing 22 are of the same design and arrangement inner electrodes 43 provided with a lower electrode 17, which is also connected to the rectifier 15 is connected, are electrically conductively connected.

In Fig. 2 ist mit 45 eine Antriebseinheit bezeichnet, die mit einer Antriebswelle 46, den Deckel 33 durchgreifend ein zwischen Zugankerplatte 36a und Deckel 33 rotierendes Abtragswerkezug 47 antreibt. Das Abtragswerkzeug 42 besteht aus einem (in der Draufsicht, nicht gezeigt) Stern mehrerer kreisförmig gebogener Arme 48, die Trockenstoff abtragen und den Abtrag in das exzentrisch in den Deckel 33 mündende Befüllrohr 20 fördern.In Fig. 2, 45 denotes a drive unit which with a drive shaft 46, the cover 33 Rotating removal tool train between tie plate 36a and cover 33 47 drives. The removal tool 42 is made from one (in plan view, not shown) star of several circularly curved arms 48 that remove dry matter and the removal in the eccentrically opening into the cover 33 Promote filling tube 20.

Die Funktionsweise der erfindungsgemässen Vorrichtung ist kurz zusammmengefasst folgende. Trockenstoff wird von der Waage 13 kommend durch die Oeffnung 32 in den Ringraum 37, begünstigt durch den Verteilkegel 38 gleichmässig auf den Ringraum 37 verteilt. Im Ringraum 37 entsteht eine Trockenstoff-Säule in Form eines Ringrohres äusserlich begrenzt durch den Innendurchmesser des Silogehäuses 22 und innerlich durch den Aussendurchmesser des Kernes 34. Das Abtragungswerkzeug 47 trägt untenendig ständig Trockenstoff ab und fördert ihn durch das Befüllrohr in Richtung Mischer 14 ab, so dass der Trockenstoff gleichmässig von oben nach unten wandert. Während dieser Wanderung wird er von Strom ausgehend von den oberen 41 verlaufend zu den unteren inneren Elektroden 43 in axialer Richtung durchflossen und auf Grund der herrschenden elektrischen Widerstände des Trockenstoffes aufgeheizt, und zwar auf bis zu 300°C, wobei diese Temperatur wie jede andere auf ±2°C regelbar ist. Aus Vorstehendem wird offensichtlich, dass die erfindungsgemässe Vorrichtung einen homogenen Massefluss gleichmässig erwärmter Trockenmasse gewährleistet, womit die aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Nachteile beseitigt sind.The mode of operation of the device according to the invention is briefly summarized the following. Dry matter is from the Scale 13 coming through opening 32 into annular space 37, favored by the distribution cone 38 evenly on the Annulus 37 distributed. A dry matter column is formed in the annular space 37 externally limited in the form of a ring tube through the inner diameter of the silo housing 22 and internally through the outer diameter of the core 34. The ablation tool 47 continuously removes dry matter at the bottom and conveys it through the filling pipe towards the mixer 14 so that the desiccant evenly from top to bottom wanders. During this hike, he is powered by electricity proceeding from the upper 41 to the lower inner Flows through electrodes 43 in the axial direction and on Because of the prevailing electrical resistances of the Dried dry heated up to 300 ° C, where this temperature, like any other, can be regulated to ± 2 ° C. Out The above it is obvious that the inventive Device a homogeneous mass flow evenly warmed dry mass, which ensures that from the Disadvantages known in the art are eliminated.

Claims (8)

  1. Apparatus for electrically preheating a dry substance for the production of green materials for electrodes, wherein the apparatus has a round silo housing (22) with a core (34), electrodes (41. 43) which extend at the top and bottom ends between the silo housing (22) and the core (34) and which are connected to a current source (15), and at the upper end a concentric first filling pipe (19). characterised in that provided at the lower end is a concentric second filling pipe (20) into which a rotating discharge tool (47) conveys, wherein the first filling pipe (19) and the second filling pipe (20) are arranged in covers (31 and 33).
  2. Apparatus according to claim 1 characterised in that the silo housing (22) comprises rings (23) or ceramic. electrically non-conducting material, which are arranged in concentric superposed relationship.
  3. Apparatus according to claim 2 characterised in that the rings are held in their concentric position by steps (25).
  4. Apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 3 characterised in that the silo housing (22) is surrounded by a tubular casing (28) in spaced relationship by way of support means (29).
  5. Apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 4 characterised in that the upper-end (41) inner electrodes detemine the concentric position of the core (34) with respect to the silo housing (22) and a metal ring (42) determines the axial position of the core in the silo housing (22).
  6. Apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 5 characterised in that the upper-end (41) and lower-end (43) inner electrodes are connected by way of an upper electrode (17) to a current source, preferably a rectifier (15).
  7. Apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 6 characterised in that the discharge device (47) comprises a star of a plurality of arms (48) curved in a circular configuration.
  8. Apparatus according to claim 1 characterised in that there are provided two preheaters which are rotatable about a perpendicular axis.
EP94106297A 1993-05-10 1994-04-22 Preheating device Expired - Lifetime EP0627606B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH1431/93 1993-05-10
CH143193 1993-05-10
CH143193 1993-05-10

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0627606A2 EP0627606A2 (en) 1994-12-07
EP0627606A3 EP0627606A3 (en) 1996-02-07
EP0627606B1 true EP0627606B1 (en) 1999-08-04

Family

ID=4210308

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94106297A Expired - Lifetime EP0627606B1 (en) 1993-05-10 1994-04-22 Preheating device

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US5535236A (en)
EP (1) EP0627606B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1076469C (en)
AU (1) AU671723B2 (en)
CA (1) CA2122948C (en)
DE (1) DE59408566D1 (en)
NO (1) NO302201B1 (en)
RU (1) RU2121639C1 (en)
UA (1) UA27799C2 (en)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BR9900253A (en) 1999-02-02 2000-08-29 Companhia Brasileira Carbureto Aluminum and stainless steel container forming self-cooking electrodes for use in electric reduction furnaces
BR9900252A (en) 1999-02-02 2000-08-29 Companhia Brasileira Carbureto Stainless steel container for forming self-baking electrodes for use in electric reduction blast furnaces
DE102008041104A1 (en) * 2008-08-07 2010-02-11 Maschinenfabrik Gustav Eirich Gmbh & Co. Kg Mixer with induction heating
CN101382392B (en) * 2008-10-21 2010-06-16 鞍山市华杰建材技术开发有限公司 Calandria preheater
EP2546593B1 (en) * 2011-07-12 2015-03-04 SMS Concast Italia S.p.A. Device for transferring a metallurgical material

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1047137A (en) * 1963-04-09 1966-11-02 Great Lakes Carbon Corp Apparatus and process for continuously making baked and/or graphitized carbon bodies,or for applying electrothermal energy to conductive compositions
DE2257483A1 (en) * 1972-11-23 1974-05-30 Sudawskij FURNACE FOR ELECTRODE PRODUCTION
US4431503A (en) * 1981-06-22 1984-02-14 Metallurgical, Inc. Energy reduction in the manufacture of pre-baked carbon containing electrodes for electrolytic production of metals such as aluminum
ZA852705B (en) * 1984-10-18 1985-12-24 Custom Equip Corp Low temperature kiln
NO159960C (en) * 1986-07-08 1989-02-22 Norsk Hydro As OVEN FOR HIGH TEMPERATURE TREATMENT OF PLASTIC OR HARDENED PRODUCTS.
DE3824323A1 (en) * 1988-07-18 1990-01-25 Horst J Ing Grad Feist METHOD FOR GRAPHING CARBON BLANKS TO GRAPHITE ELECTRODES
AU643611B2 (en) * 1991-04-10 1993-11-18 Mintek Direct resistance heating electrical furnace assembly and method of operating same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
RU94015597A (en) 1996-04-10
CA2122948C (en) 1999-09-21
CA2122948A1 (en) 1994-11-11
RU2121639C1 (en) 1998-11-10
UA27799C2 (en) 2000-10-16
AU671723B2 (en) 1996-09-05
NO941718D0 (en) 1994-05-09
NO941718L (en) 1994-11-11
EP0627606A3 (en) 1996-02-07
CN1076469C (en) 2001-12-19
EP0627606A2 (en) 1994-12-07
US5535236A (en) 1996-07-09
AU6197094A (en) 1994-11-24
CN1112233A (en) 1995-11-22
NO302201B1 (en) 1998-02-02
DE59408566D1 (en) 1999-09-09

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