EP0627606A2 - Preheating device - Google Patents

Preheating device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0627606A2
EP0627606A2 EP94106297A EP94106297A EP0627606A2 EP 0627606 A2 EP0627606 A2 EP 0627606A2 EP 94106297 A EP94106297 A EP 94106297A EP 94106297 A EP94106297 A EP 94106297A EP 0627606 A2 EP0627606 A2 EP 0627606A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
silo housing
electrodes
core
silo
housing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP94106297A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0627606B1 (en
EP0627606A3 (en
Inventor
Werner Fischer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Maschinenfabrik Gustav Eirich GmbH and Co KG
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Maschinenfabrik Gustav Eirich GmbH and Co KG
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Publication of EP0627606A2 publication Critical patent/EP0627606A2/en
Publication of EP0627606A3 publication Critical patent/EP0627606A3/en
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Publication of EP0627606B1 publication Critical patent/EP0627606B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/10—Charging directly from hoppers or shoots
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D13/00—Apparatus for preheating charges; Arrangements for preheating charges
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/0033—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge charging of particulate material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F27D99/0001—Heating elements or systems
    • F27D99/0006—Electric heating elements or system
    • F27D2099/0008—Resistor heating

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for preheating dry substances according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • Masses for the production of electrodes (anodes, cathodes) for the production of aluminum by melt flow electrolysis consist of dry substances - dry substances are mixtures of petroleum coke and granularly prepared electrode residues - to which pitch is added as a binder immediately before shaping. Masses of this composition are also called green masses, from which the electrodes are formed and then fired.
  • the drying agent has to be heated, in this context we speak of preheating, which happens in so-called preheaters, into which drying agents are conveyed in one end via dosing cars, the material to be conveyed is heated in the preheater, and from which, at the other end, heated drying agents are applied in the direction of mixers. Heating screws, heating silos and heating drums are known as preheaters.
  • the invention has a heating silo to the subject.
  • a heating silo is known - in technical terms they are known as batch preheaters - in which dry material is preheated by means of electrical resistance heating.
  • a plurality of electrodes arranged one above the other - penetrating through the preheater walls in an insulated manner - are provided for introducing and discharging the current flowing through and thus heating up the dry substance (direct or alternating current).
  • the known, polygonal device is characterized by an inhomogeneous mass flow, and uneven heating, which leads to the graphitization of undissolved material on the electrodes and the insulation blowing through.
  • the inventor has set himself the task of creating a preheater of the type mentioned above by uniformly heating dry substance through a homogeneous mass flow, and the object is achieved by means of the characterizing features of claim 1.
  • the invention should also include arranging two preheaters in such a way that repairs can be carried out by means of the shortest possible standstill periods of the entire system for green masses.
  • Fig. 1 shows schematically two preheaters 10, 11 which are arranged on a frame 12.
  • the preheater 10 is arranged below a continuously operating balance 13 and above a continuously operating mixer 14.
  • the preheater 10 and the mixer 14 are fed from the scale 13 via filling pipes 19 and 20.
  • the preheater 10 is connected to a rectifier 15 via electrodes 16, 17 and connecting cables 18.
  • Preheaters 10 and 11 are arranged on a horizontal frame 12 which is designed to be rotatable by 360% about a vertical axis of rotation 19.
  • the rectifier 15 can be removed (loosen the connection cable 18), the frame 12 rotated by 180% so that the preheater 11 moves under the scale 13 and over the mixer 14, and the connecting cable 18 again the electrodes 16, 17 (parts of the same type and function are identified by the same reference numerals) and preheater 11 are put into operation.
  • interruptions in operation can be kept to a minimum.
  • FIG. 2 shows preheaters 10 (in operation) and 11 (in operation) designed according to the invention.
  • the preheaters 10 and 11 are identical, so that the description is limited to that of the preheater 10.
  • the preheater 10 consists of a round hollow body 22, hereinafter also referred to as silo housing 22, which is formed from rings 23 arranged concentrically one above the other (six rings 23 in the illustrated case).
  • the concentricity is ensured by graded 24, 25 end faces, which fit into one another, center the rings 23 to each other, so that a steplessly round inner 26 and ace surface 27 of the silo housing 22 is formed.
  • the rings 23 forming the silo housing 22 consist of a heat-resistant, electrically non-conductive ceramic material, for example a heat-resistant (heat-resistant should be understood to be resistance up to 500 ° C.) concrete.
  • the silo housing 22, which is made of ceramic material is concentrically surrounded at a distance by a metallic jacket tube 28, which is held equidistantly on all sides via supports 29 to the silo housing 22.
  • the air space 30 thus established between the silo housing 22 and the metallic jacket tube 28 also serves for insulation purposes.
  • the silo housing 22 At the top, i.e. In the direction of the scale 13, the silo housing 22, the air space 30 and the casing tube 28 are closed by a removable cover 31 which has a central opening 32 through which the dry material emerging from the filling tube 19 is passed into the silo housing 22.
  • a removable cover 31 which has a central opening 32 through which the dry material emerging from the filling tube 19 is passed into the silo housing 22.
  • the silo housing 22 is likewise closed with a cover 33 with an opening 33a, into which the filling tube 20 flows.
  • a concentric core 31 is located concentrically within the silo housing 22 and runs in the same direction.
  • the core 34 consists of rings 35 which are held together by a tie rod 36 and an anchor plate 36a.
  • annular space 37 which is supplied at the top by a distribution cone 38 on the core 34 in equal quantities on all sides, the tip 39 of the distribution cone 38 being arranged concentrically with the opening 32 for this purpose is.
  • the rings 35 are made of the same ceramic material as the rings 23 of the silo housing 22.
  • inner electrodes 41 protrude into the annular space 37 on one or, as shown in the present exemplary embodiment, fastened on two rings 23. Two radially opposite, between them are shown Inner electrodes 41 receiving core 34.
  • a plurality of such inner electrodes 41 are provided on the inner circumference in uniform division, penetrating the annular space 37 as far as core 34, these electrodes 41 being connected to one another in an electrically conductive manner, ie in a current-conducting manner.
  • the upper electrode 16, which is connected to the rectifier 15, passes through (insulates) the jacket tube 28, the) air space 30 and connects rings to an inner electrode 41 or to the device for electrically connecting the inner electrodes 41.
  • the concentric and axial holding of the core 34 in the silo housing 22 can take place with respect to the concentricity by means of the inner electrodes 41, the axial holding could be attached to the upper end of the core 34 via a metallic ring 42 and by means of a shoulder 40 on the inner electrodes 41 lying on top, which could also serve as an electrical connection of the inner electrodes.
  • internal electrodes 43 are provided in the same configuration and arrangement, which are electrically conductively connected to a lower electrode 17, which is also connected to the rectifier 15.
  • 45 denotes a drive unit which, with a drive shaft 46, drives the cover 33 through a removal tool train 47 rotating between tie plate 36a and cover 33.
  • the removal tool 42 consists of a star (not shown in the top view) of a plurality of circularly curved arms 48, which remove dry matter and promote the removal into the filling tube 20 which eccentrically opens into the cover 33.
  • the mode of operation of the device according to the invention is briefly summarized as follows.
  • dry matter is evenly distributed to the annular space 37 through the opening 32 into the annular space 37, favored by the distribution cone 38.
  • a dry matter column in the form of an annular tube is formed which is externally limited by the inner diameter of the silo housing 22 and internally by the outer diameter of the core 34.
  • the removal tool 47 continuously removes dry substance at the bottom and conveys it through the filling tube in the direction of the mixer 14, so that the dry matter moves evenly from top to bottom.
  • current flows from the upper 41 to the lower inner electrodes 43 in the axial direction and is heated up to 300 ° C.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
  • Ceramic Products (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an electrically operated preheater for driers for producing green, carbonaceous compounds. A known preheater has the disadvantage of the inhomogeneous flow of the compound and the inhomogeneous preheating of the drier. This disadvantage is avoided with the embodiment according to the invention. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung Zur Vorwärmung von Trockenstoffen nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1.The invention relates to a device for preheating dry substances according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Massen zur Herstellung von Elektroden (Anoden, Kathoden) für die Aluminiumerzeugung durch Schmelzflusselektrolyse bestehen aus Trockenstoffen - Trockenstoffe sind Mischungen aus Petrolkoks und körnig aufbereiteten Elektrodenresten -, denen unmittelbar vor der Formgebung Pech als Bindemittel zugegeben wird. Massen dieser Zusammensetzung werden auch grüne Massen genannt, aus ihnen werden die Elektroden geformt und anschliessend gebrannt. Zur Beimischung von Bindemitteln ist der Trockenstoff Zu erwärmen, diesbezüglich wird von Vorwärmen gesprochen, was in sogenannten Vorwärmern geschieht, in die einends über Dosierwagen Trockenstoffe gefördert, das Fördergut im Vorwärmer erwärmt, und aus denen anderenends erwärmte Trockenstoffe in Richtung von Mischern angetragen werden. Als Vorwärmer sind Heizschnecken, Heizsilos und Heiztrommeln bekannt. Die Erfindung hat ein Heizsilo Zum Gegenstand.Masses for the production of electrodes (anodes, cathodes) for the production of aluminum by melt flow electrolysis consist of dry substances - dry substances are mixtures of petroleum coke and granularly prepared electrode residues - to which pitch is added as a binder immediately before shaping. Masses of this composition are also called green masses, from which the electrodes are formed and then fired. To add binders, the drying agent has to be heated, in this context we speak of preheating, which happens in so-called preheaters, into which drying agents are conveyed in one end via dosing cars, the material to be conveyed is heated in the preheater, and from which, at the other end, heated drying agents are applied in the direction of mixers. Heating screws, heating silos and heating drums are known as preheaters. The invention has a heating silo to the subject.

Bekannt ist ein Heizsilo - in der Fachsprache sind sie als Batchvorwärmer bezeichnet -, in dem Trockenstoff durch elektrische Widerstandsheizung vorgewärmt wird. Im Inneren des Vorwärmers sind mehrere übereinander angeordnete Elektroden - Vorwärmerwandungen isoliert durchgreifend - zur Ein- und Ableitung des den Trockenstoff durchfliessenden und damit aufheizenden Stromes (Gleich- oder Wechselstrom) vorgesehen. Die bekannte, im Grundriss mehreckige Vorrichtung kennzeichnet sich durch einen inhomogenen Massenfluss, und ungleichmässige Erwärmung, die bis zur Graphitisierung nicht ausgetragener Masse auf den Elektroden und Durchbrennen der Isolation führt. Diese Nachteile werden durch die Anordnung von Vorwärmern in Anlagen zur Herstellung grüner Massen verstärkt, indem Anordnungen so getroffen sind, dass die Reparatur eines Vorwärmers ganze Herstellungsanlagen stillsetzt.A heating silo is known - in technical terms they are known as batch preheaters - in which dry material is preheated by means of electrical resistance heating. In the interior of the preheater, a plurality of electrodes arranged one above the other - penetrating through the preheater walls in an insulated manner - are provided for introducing and discharging the current flowing through and thus heating up the dry substance (direct or alternating current). The known, polygonal device is characterized by an inhomogeneous mass flow, and uneven heating, which leads to the graphitization of undissolved material on the electrodes and the insulation blowing through. These disadvantages are exacerbated by the arrangement of preheaters in plants for the production of green masses, in that arrangements are made such that the repair of a preheater shuts down entire production plants.

Hiervon ausgehend hat sich der Erfinder die Aufgabe gestellt, einen Vorwärmer der vorstehend erwähnten Art zu schaffen, indem durch einen homogenen Massefluss Trockenstoff gleichmässig erwärmt wird und die Aufgabe wird vermittels der kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Anspruches 1 gelöst. Zur Erfindung soll auch gehören, zwei Vorwärmer so anzuordnen, dass Reparaturen vermittels kürzest möglicher Stillstandszetien der Gesamtanlage für grüne Massen möglich sind.Proceeding from this, the inventor has set himself the task of creating a preheater of the type mentioned above by uniformly heating dry substance through a homogeneous mass flow, and the object is achieved by means of the characterizing features of claim 1. The invention should also include arranging two preheaters in such a way that repairs can be carried out by means of the shortest possible standstill periods of the entire system for green masses.

Die Erfindung wird vorteilhaft weitergebildet durch die Gegenstände der dem Anspruch 1 folgenden Ansprüche.The invention is advantageously further developed by the subject matter of the claims following claim 1.

Weitere Vorteile, Merkmale und Einzelheiten der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der folgenden Beschreibung eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispieles und der Zeichnung. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
Vorwärmer in schematischer Darstellung zwischen Waage und Mischer angeschlossen an einen Gleichrichter,
Fig. 2
einen erfindungsgemässen Vorwärmer im Schnitt, mit einem zweiten in Revolveranordnung schematisch gezeigt.
Further advantages, features and details of the invention emerge from the following description of a preferred exemplary embodiment and the drawing. Show it:
Fig. 1
Preheater in schematic representation between scale and mixer connected to a rectifier,
Fig. 2
a preheater according to the invention in section, shown schematically with a second in turret arrangement.

Fig. 1 zeigt schematisch zwei Vorwärmer 10, 11, die auf einem Gestell 12 angeordnet sind. Der Vorwärmer 10 ist unterhalb einer kontinuierlich arbeitenden Waage 13 und oberhalb eines kontinuilierlich arbeitenden Mischers 14 angeordnet. Ueber Befüllrohre 19 und 20 wird der Vorwärmer 10 und der Mischer 14 ausgehend von der Waage 13 beschickt. In Fig. 1 ist der Vorwärmer 10 über Elektroden 16, 17 und Anschlusskabel 18 mit einem Gleichrichter 15 verbunden. Vorwärmer 10 und 11 sind auf einem waagerechten Gestell 12 angeordnet, das um eine senkrechte Drehachse 19 um 360% drehbar ausgebildet ist. Sollten am Vorwärmer 10 Reparaturen notwendig werden, so kann der Gleichrichter 15 abgehängt (Lösen der Anschlusskabel 18), das Gestell 12 um 180% gedreht, damit der Vorwärmer 11 unter die Waage 13 und über den Mischer 14 gefahren, und die Anschlusskabel 18 wieder mit den Elektroden 16, 17 (Teile gleicher Art und Funktion sind mit gleichen Bezugszeichen gekennzeichnet) verbunden und Vorwärmer 11 in Betrieb genommen werden. Mit dieser Möglichkeit des Einfahrens eines Ersatzvorwärmers (entweder 10 oder 11) können Betriebsunterbrüche zeitlich auf ein Mindestmass gedrückt werden.Fig. 1 shows schematically two preheaters 10, 11 which are arranged on a frame 12. The preheater 10 is arranged below a continuously operating balance 13 and above a continuously operating mixer 14. The preheater 10 and the mixer 14 are fed from the scale 13 via filling pipes 19 and 20. 1, the preheater 10 is connected to a rectifier 15 via electrodes 16, 17 and connecting cables 18. Preheaters 10 and 11 are arranged on a horizontal frame 12 which is designed to be rotatable by 360% about a vertical axis of rotation 19. If repairs are necessary on the preheater 10, the rectifier 15 can be removed (loosen the connection cable 18), the frame 12 rotated by 180% so that the preheater 11 moves under the scale 13 and over the mixer 14, and the connecting cable 18 again the electrodes 16, 17 (parts of the same type and function are identified by the same reference numerals) and preheater 11 are put into operation. With this possibility of retracting a replacement preheater (either 10 or 11), interruptions in operation can be kept to a minimum.

Fig. 2 zeigt gemäss der Erfindung ausgebildete Vorwärmer 10 (in Betrieb) und 11 (in Betriebsbereitschaft). Die Vorwärmer 10 und 11 sind identisch ausgebildet, so dass sich die Beschreibung auf die des Vorwärmers 10 beschränkt.2 shows preheaters 10 (in operation) and 11 (in operation) designed according to the invention. The preheaters 10 and 11 are identical, so that the description is limited to that of the preheater 10.

Der erfindungsgemässe Vorwärmer 10 besteht aus einem runden Hohlköper 22, folgend auch Silohäuse 22 genannt, das aus konzentrisch übereinander angeordneten Ringen 23 (im dargestellten Fall sechs Ringen 23) gebildet ist.The preheater 10 according to the invention consists of a round hollow body 22, hereinafter also referred to as silo housing 22, which is formed from rings 23 arranged concentrically one above the other (six rings 23 in the illustrated case).

Die Konzentrizität wird gewährleistet durch stirnflächig augeordnete Stufungen 24, 25, die ineinander passend, die Ringe 23 zueinander zentrieren, so dass eine stufenlos runde Innen- 26 und Assenfläche 27 des Silogehäuses 22 ensteht. Die das Silogehäuse 22 bildenden Ringe 23 bestehen aus einem wärmebeständigen, in elektrisch nicht leitendem keramischen Material, beispielsweise einem wärmebeständigen (unter wärmebeständig soll Beständigkeit bis 500°C verstanden werden) Beton. Das aus keramischem Material bestehende Silogehäuse 22 ist in Abstand konzentrisch umgeben von einem metallischen Mantelrohr 28, dass allseits aequidistant über Abstützungen 29 zum Silogehäuse 22 gehalten ist. Der sich so zwischen Silogehäuse 22 und metallischem Mantelrohr 28 einstellende Luftraum 30 dient auch zu Isolationszwecken.The concentricity is ensured by graded 24, 25 end faces, which fit into one another, center the rings 23 to each other, so that a steplessly round inner 26 and ace surface 27 of the silo housing 22 is formed. The rings 23 forming the silo housing 22 consist of a heat-resistant, electrically non-conductive ceramic material, for example a heat-resistant (heat-resistant should be understood to be resistance up to 500 ° C.) concrete. The silo housing 22, which is made of ceramic material, is concentrically surrounded at a distance by a metallic jacket tube 28, which is held equidistantly on all sides via supports 29 to the silo housing 22. The air space 30 thus established between the silo housing 22 and the metallic jacket tube 28 also serves for insulation purposes.

Obenendig, d.h. in Richtung auf die Waage 13 sind das Silogehäuse 22, der Luftraum 30 und das Mantelrohr 28 durch einen entfernbaren Deckel 31 verschlossen, der eine mittige Oeffnung 32 aur weiterleitung des aus dem Befüllrohr 19 austretenden Trockengutes in das Silogehäuse 22 aufweist. Untenendig, d.h. in Strömungsrichtung des Trockengutes in Richtung auf den Mischer, ist das Silogehäuse 22 gleichermassen mit einem Deckel 33 mit einer Oeffnung 33a verschlossen, in den das Befüllrohr 20 mündel.At the top, i.e. In the direction of the scale 13, the silo housing 22, the air space 30 and the casing tube 28 are closed by a removable cover 31 which has a central opening 32 through which the dry material emerging from the filling tube 19 is passed into the silo housing 22. Bottom end, i.e. in the direction of flow of the dry material in the direction of the mixer, the silo housing 22 is likewise closed with a cover 33 with an opening 33a, into which the filling tube 20 flows.

Konzentrisch innerhalb des Silogehäuses 22 und gleichgerichtet dazu verlaufend befindet sich ein runder Kern 31. Der Kern 34 besteht aus Ringen 35, die aufeinander angeordnet vermittels eines Zugankers 36 und einer Ankerplatte 36a zusammengehalten sind.A concentric core 31 is located concentrically within the silo housing 22 and runs in the same direction. The core 34 consists of rings 35 which are held together by a tie rod 36 and an anchor plate 36a.

Zwischen innerer Umfangswandung des Silogehäuses 22 und äusserem Umfang des Kerns 34 verbleibt ein Ringraum 37, der obendendig von einem Verteilkegel 38 auf dem Kern 34 mengenmässig gleichmässig nach allen Seiten beschickt wird, wobei die Spitze 39 des Veteilkegels 38 zu diesem Zweck konzentrisch zur Oeffnung 32 augeordnet ist. Die Ringe 35 bestehen aus einem gleichen keramischen Werkstoff wie die Ringe 23 des Silogehäuses 22. Obeuendig ragen in den Ringraum 37 an einem oder wie im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel dargestellt an zwei Ringen 23 befestigte innere Elektroden 41. Dargestellt sind zwei sich radial gegenüberliegende, zwischen sich den Kern 34 aufnehmende innere Elektroden 41. Tatsächlich sind am inneren Umfang in gleichmässiger Teilung mehrere solcher innerer Elektroden 41 den Ringraum 37 bis zum Kern 34 durchgreifend vorgesehen, wobei diese Elektroden 41 elektrisch leitend, d.h. einen Strom leitend miteinander verbunden sind. Die obere Elektrode 16, die mit dem Gleichrichter 15 verbunden ist, durchgreift (isoliert) das Mantelrohr 28, der) Luftraum 30 und schliesst Ringe durchgreifend an eine innere Elektrode 41 oder an die Einrichtung zur elektrischen Verbindung der inneren Eletroden 41 an. Die konzentrische und axiale Halterung des Kernes 34 in dem Silogehäuse 22 kann bezüglich der Konzentrizität vermittels der inneren Elektroden 41 erfolgen, die axiale Halterung könnte über einen metallischen Ring 42 - am oberen Ende des Kernes 34 befestigt und vermittels einer Schulter 40 auf den innereu Elektroden 41 aufliegend, der auch als elektrische Verbindung der inneren Elektroden dienen könnte - vollzogen werden.Between the inner circumferential wall of the silo housing 22 and the outer circumference of the core 34, there remains an annular space 37, which is supplied at the top by a distribution cone 38 on the core 34 in equal quantities on all sides, the tip 39 of the distribution cone 38 being arranged concentrically with the opening 32 for this purpose is. The rings 35 are made of the same ceramic material as the rings 23 of the silo housing 22. On the top, inner electrodes 41 protrude into the annular space 37 on one or, as shown in the present exemplary embodiment, fastened on two rings 23. Two radially opposite, between them are shown Inner electrodes 41 receiving core 34. In fact, a plurality of such inner electrodes 41 are provided on the inner circumference in uniform division, penetrating the annular space 37 as far as core 34, these electrodes 41 being connected to one another in an electrically conductive manner, ie in a current-conducting manner. The upper electrode 16, which is connected to the rectifier 15, passes through (insulates) the jacket tube 28, the) air space 30 and connects rings to an inner electrode 41 or to the device for electrically connecting the inner electrodes 41. The concentric and axial holding of the core 34 in the silo housing 22 can take place with respect to the concentricity by means of the inner electrodes 41, the axial holding could be attached to the upper end of the core 34 via a metallic ring 42 and by means of a shoulder 40 on the inner electrodes 41 lying on top, which could also serve as an electrical connection of the inner electrodes.

Untenendig am Silogehäuse 22 sind in gleicher Ausbildung und Anordnung innere Elektroden 43 vorgesehen, die mit einer unteren Elektrode 17, die auch mit dem Gleichrichter 15 verbunden ist, elektrisch leitend verbunden sind.At the bottom of the silo housing 22, internal electrodes 43 are provided in the same configuration and arrangement, which are electrically conductively connected to a lower electrode 17, which is also connected to the rectifier 15.

In Fig. 2 ist mit 45 eine Antriebseinheit bezeichnet, die mit einer Antriebswelle 46, den Deckel 33 durchgreifend ein zwischen Zugankerplatte 36a und Deckel 33 rotierendes Abtragswerkezug 47 antreibt. Das Abtragswerkzeug 42 besteht aus einem (in der Draufsicht, nicht gezeigt) Stern mehrerer kreisförmig gebogener Arme 48, die Trockenstoff abtragen und den Abtrag in das exzentrisch in den Deckel 33 mündende Befüllrohr 20 fördern.In FIG. 2, 45 denotes a drive unit which, with a drive shaft 46, drives the cover 33 through a removal tool train 47 rotating between tie plate 36a and cover 33. The removal tool 42 consists of a star (not shown in the top view) of a plurality of circularly curved arms 48, which remove dry matter and promote the removal into the filling tube 20 which eccentrically opens into the cover 33.

Die Funktionsweise der erfindungsgemässen Vorrichtung ist kurz zusammmengefasst folgende. Trockenstoff wird von der Waage 13 kommend durch die Oeffnung 32 in den Ringraum 37, begünstigt durch den Verteilkegel 38 gleichmässig auf den Ringraum 37 verteilt. Im Ringraum 37 entsteht eine Trockenstoff-Säule in Form eines Ringrohres äusserlich begrenzt durch den Innendurchmesser des Silogehäuses 22 und innerlich durch den Aussendurchmesser des Kernes 34. Das Abtragungswerkzeug 47 trägt untenendig ständig Trockenstoff ab und fördert ihn durch das Befüllrohr in Richtung Mischer 14 ab, so dass der Trockenstoff gleichmässig von oben nach unten wandert. Während dieser Wanderung wird er von Strom ausgehend von den oberen 41 verlaufend zu den unteren inneren Elektroden 43 in axialer Richtung durchflossen und auf Grund der herrschenden elektrischen Widerstände des Trockenstoffes aufgeheizt, und zwar auf bis zu 300°C, wobei diese Temperatur wie jede andere auf ±2°C regelbar ist. Aus Vorstehendem wird offensichtlich, dass die erfindungsgemässe Vorrichtung einen homogenen Massefluss gleichmässig erwärmter Trockenmasse gewährleistet, womit die aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Nachteile beseitigt sind.The mode of operation of the device according to the invention is briefly summarized as follows. Coming from the balance 13, dry matter is evenly distributed to the annular space 37 through the opening 32 into the annular space 37, favored by the distribution cone 38. In the annular space 37, a dry matter column in the form of an annular tube is formed which is externally limited by the inner diameter of the silo housing 22 and internally by the outer diameter of the core 34. The removal tool 47 continuously removes dry substance at the bottom and conveys it through the filling tube in the direction of the mixer 14, so that the dry matter moves evenly from top to bottom. During this hike, current flows from the upper 41 to the lower inner electrodes 43 in the axial direction and is heated up to 300 ° C. due to the prevailing electrical resistances of the dry substance, this temperature rising like any other ± 2 ° C is adjustable. From the above it is evident that the inventive Device ensures a homogeneous mass flow of uniformly heated dry mass, which eliminates the disadvantages known from the prior art.

Claims (8)

Vorrichtung zur elektrischen Vorwärmung eines Trockenstoffes zur Herstellung grüner Massen für Elektroden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vorrichtung ein rundes Silogehäuse (22) mit einem Kern (34) oben- und untenendig zwischen Silogehäuse (22) und Kern (34) verlaufende, mit einer Stromquelle (15) verbundene Elektroden (41, 43), obenendig ein konzentrisches Befüllrohr (19) und untenendig ein exzentrisches Befüllrohr (20), in das ein rotierendes Abtragswerkzeug (47) fördert, aufweist, wobei das Refüllrohr (19) und das Befüllrohr (20) in Deckeln (31) und (33) angeordnet sind.Device for the electrical preheating of a dry substance for the production of green masses for electrodes, characterized in that the device has a round silo housing (22) with a core (34) at the top and bottom between the silo housing (22) and core (34), with a power source (15) connected electrodes (41, 43), a concentric filling tube (19) at the top and an eccentric filling tube (20) at the bottom, into which a rotating removal tool (47) conveys, the refilling tube (19) and the filling tube (20 ) are arranged in covers (31) and (33). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Silogehäuse (22) aus konzentrisch übereinander angeordneten Ringen (23) aus keramisch, elektrisch nicht leitendem Werkstoff besteht.Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the silo housing (22) consists of rings (23) made of ceramic, electrically non-conductive material arranged concentrically one above the other. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ringe durch Stufungen (25) in konzentrischer Lage gehalten sind.Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the rings are held in a concentric position by means of steps (25). Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Silogehäuse (22) von einem Mantelrohr (28) über Abstützungen (29) beabstandet umgeben ist.Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the silo housing (22) is surrounded by a casing tube (28) spaced apart via supports (29). Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die obenendigen (41) inneren Elektroden die konzentrische Lage des Kernes (34) zum Silogehäuse (22) und ein Metallring (42) dessen axiale Lage im Silogehäuse (22) bestimmt.Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the upper end (41) inner Electrodes determine the concentric position of the core (34) to the silo housing (22) and a metal ring (42) whose axial position in the silo housing (22). Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die obenendigen (41) und untenendigen (43) inneren Elektroden über eine obere Elektrode (17) mit einer Stromquelle, vorzugsweise Gleichrichter (15) verbunden sind.Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the top-end (41) and bottom-end (43) inner electrodes are connected via an upper electrode (17) to a current source, preferably a rectifier (15). Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Abtragseinrichtung (47) aus einem Stern mehrerer kreisförmig gebogener Arme (48) besteht.Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the removal device (47) consists of a star of several circularly curved arms (48). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwei um eine senkrechte Achse drehbare Vorwärmer vorgesehen sind.Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that two preheaters rotatable about a vertical axis are provided.
EP94106297A 1993-05-10 1994-04-22 Preheating device Expired - Lifetime EP0627606B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH143193 1993-05-10
CH143193 1993-05-10
CH1431/93 1993-05-10

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EP0627606A2 true EP0627606A2 (en) 1994-12-07
EP0627606A3 EP0627606A3 (en) 1996-02-07
EP0627606B1 EP0627606B1 (en) 1999-08-04

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EP (1) EP0627606B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1076469C (en)
AU (1) AU671723B2 (en)
CA (1) CA2122948C (en)
DE (1) DE59408566D1 (en)
NO (1) NO302201B1 (en)
RU (1) RU2121639C1 (en)
UA (1) UA27799C2 (en)

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WO2010015496A1 (en) * 2008-08-07 2010-02-11 Maschinenfabrik Gustav Eirich Gmbh & Co. Kg Mixing device having induction heating
CN101382392B (en) * 2008-10-21 2010-06-16 鞍山市华杰建材技术开发有限公司 Calandria preheater

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BR9900253A (en) 1999-02-02 2000-08-29 Companhia Brasileira Carbureto Aluminum and stainless steel container forming self-cooking electrodes for use in electric reduction furnaces
BR9900252A (en) 1999-02-02 2000-08-29 Companhia Brasileira Carbureto Stainless steel container for forming self-baking electrodes for use in electric reduction blast furnaces
EP2546593B1 (en) * 2011-07-12 2015-03-04 SMS Concast Italia S.p.A. Device for transferring a metallurgical material

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DE2257483A1 (en) * 1972-11-23 1974-05-30 Sudawskij FURNACE FOR ELECTRODE PRODUCTION
EP0255611A2 (en) * 1986-07-08 1988-02-10 Norsk Hydro A/S Furnace for the high temperature treatment of plastic or hardened products
EP0355361A2 (en) * 1988-07-18 1990-02-28 Feist Intertec AG Graphitisation process of carbon slabs in grahite electrodes

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010015496A1 (en) * 2008-08-07 2010-02-11 Maschinenfabrik Gustav Eirich Gmbh & Co. Kg Mixing device having induction heating
CN102057748A (en) * 2008-08-07 2011-05-11 德国古斯塔夫·爱立许机械制造有限公司 Mixing device having induction heating
CN102057748B (en) * 2008-08-07 2015-11-25 德国古斯塔夫·爱立许机械制造有限公司 There is the mixing arrangement of induction heating
US9295109B2 (en) 2008-08-07 2016-03-22 Maschinenfabrik Gustav Eirich Gmbh & Co., Kg Mixing device having induction heating
CN101382392B (en) * 2008-10-21 2010-06-16 鞍山市华杰建材技术开发有限公司 Calandria preheater

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0627606B1 (en) 1999-08-04
NO941718D0 (en) 1994-05-09
RU2121639C1 (en) 1998-11-10
CN1076469C (en) 2001-12-19
EP0627606A3 (en) 1996-02-07
US5535236A (en) 1996-07-09
AU671723B2 (en) 1996-09-05
NO941718L (en) 1994-11-11
CN1112233A (en) 1995-11-22
NO302201B1 (en) 1998-02-02
CA2122948A1 (en) 1994-11-11
RU94015597A (en) 1996-04-10
DE59408566D1 (en) 1999-09-09
UA27799C2 (en) 2000-10-16
CA2122948C (en) 1999-09-21
AU6197094A (en) 1994-11-24

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