EP0616752B1 - Circuit pour actionner une ou plusieurs lampe(s) a decharge a basse pression - Google Patents

Circuit pour actionner une ou plusieurs lampe(s) a decharge a basse pression Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0616752B1
EP0616752B1 EP92924561A EP92924561A EP0616752B1 EP 0616752 B1 EP0616752 B1 EP 0616752B1 EP 92924561 A EP92924561 A EP 92924561A EP 92924561 A EP92924561 A EP 92924561A EP 0616752 B1 EP0616752 B1 EP 0616752B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
circuit
low
pressure discharge
heating
relay
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP92924561A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0616752A1 (fr
Inventor
Bernd Rudolph
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Osram GmbH
Original Assignee
Patent Treuhand Gesellschaft fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen mbH
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • H05B41/295—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices and specially adapted for lamps with preheating electrodes, e.g. for fluorescent lamps

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a circuit arrangement for operating one or several low pressure discharge lamps according to the preamble of the claim 1.
  • circuits are part of so-called electronic ballasts for low pressure discharge lamps and enable one gentle warm start - i.e. an ignition of the lamp with preheated Electrodes - the low-pressure discharge lamps, increasing their lifespan is extended.
  • Such a circuit arrangement is for example in EP-PS 93 469 disclosed.
  • This circuit can be controlled by controlling the frequency and the duty cycle of the half-bridge inverter and set ignition conditions for the low-pressure discharge lamps.
  • the large tolerance dependence of the have a disadvantage Heating, ignition and operating parameters of the components used and the high switching effort.
  • EP-PS 185 179 is a circuit arrangement known that the load circuit of the half-bridge inverter between Preheating the electrodes and igniting the lamp switches. This will a PTC thermistor is used, which after the Heating time the resonance capacity of the series resonance circuit toggles.
  • the use of a PTC thermistor has the disadvantage that this component in the firing mode the low pressure discharge lamp a power loss from approx. 0.5 W to 1 W per lamp. Also needed the PTC thermistor has a cooling time of a few 10 seconds to minutes is enough for one gentle warm start of the lamps when switched on again to ensure.
  • DE-A-39 01 111 is a circuit arrangement with a heating circuit for the electrodes of the Low pressure discharge lamps disclosed, being in the heating circuit in addition to a resonance capacity, a PTC thermistor and a relay are integrated.
  • the PTC thermistor serves here as a timer for controlling the relay and in turn, after sufficient preheating the lamp electrodes, through the relay contact of the Circuit disconnected so that after ignition the low pressure discharge lamps no longer through the PTC thermistor flows.
  • This circuit arrangement has compared to the circuit disclosed in EP-PS 185 179 the advantage that in the PTC thermistor during Burning operation of the lamps no power loss implemented becomes.
  • the PTC thermistor also has here which is particularly annoying with short switching cycles Cooling time, so that no gentle lamp start can be done.
  • This circuit configuration also requires a precise coordination of the components, if a cold start of the lamp avoided, on the other hand that Relay should turn off the PTC thermistor safely.
  • DE-A-3 901 111 is based on the preamble of claim 1.
  • the circuit arrangement according to the invention enables a controlled Preheat the lamp electrodes, matched to each one Electrode type adapted voltage value.
  • the preheating phase of the electrodes largely independent of the tolerances of the mains voltage and the component parameters, since the voltage drop is direct used over the electrode coils to evaluate the electrode heating becomes.
  • the heating voltage across the electrodes is so low (maximum a few tens of volts) that none in the low-pressure discharge lamp glow discharge can damage the lamp.
  • the relay contacts when Transition from the preheating phase to the ignition phase of the lamps, the heating circuits interrupted, so that in the burning operation of the low-pressure discharge lamps no current flows through the heating circuit. With that the power losses converted in the electrodes are reduced.
  • With circuits with several low-pressure discharge lamps connected in parallel is the use of a relay with multiple relay contacts particularly inexpensive.
  • Figure 1 illustrates the principle of the circuit arrangement according to the invention for operating a low-pressure discharge lamp LP.
  • An essential part of the circuit is a push-pull frequency generator, consisting of two bipolar transistors T1, T2, which act as half-bridge inverters are connected, with a schematically shown in Figure 1 Control device A and a DC voltage supply.
  • the Control device A is, for example, in the book “Electronics Circuits” by W. Hirschmann (Siemens AG), on pages 147-148 and should therefore not be explained in more detail here. It also contains one Starting device for the circuit according to the invention.
  • the push-pull frequency generator supplies a series resonance circuit, which on Center tap M1 is connected between the transistors T1, T2 and from a coupling capacitor C3, a resonance inductor LD and a resonance capacitance C1 and a low-pressure discharge lamp LP exists with a high frequency (greater than 20 kHz) AC voltage.
  • a connection the resonance capacitance C1 is here to the negative pole (Ground) of the DC voltage supply.
  • the low pressure discharge lamp LP is at the connection point M connecting, parallel to the resonance capacity C1 switched. It has two with emitter material slurry electrode coils E1, E2, the together with a relay contact K1 in a heating circuit are integrated, with a connection of the electrode E2 with the negative pole (ground) of the DC voltage supply connected is.
  • a tap M2 in the series resonance circuit is also a rectifier via a current limiting capacitor C5 GL connected with its input 2.
  • Input 1 of the rectifier GL is to the negative pole (Ground) of the DC power supply.
  • Parallel to the DC output of the rectifier GL a smoothing capacitor C4.
  • From the rectifier GL becomes a controllable electronic switch S, the controls the relay coil RL belonging to the relay contact K, supplied with DC voltage.
  • the rectifier GL with its inputs 1, 2 is connected in parallel to the lamp LP, during the preheating phase on him also the high frequency Heating voltage of the electrode coils E1, E2.
  • This high-frequency voltage is from the rectifier GL in a pulsating DC voltage transforms and from Smoothing capacitor C4, which is parallel to the DC output of the rectifier GL is switched, smoothed so that the controllable electronic Switch S the rectified and smoothed heating voltage of the electrode coils E1, E2.
  • Opening the relay contact K causes an interruption of the heating circuit, so that any further current flow prevented by the electrode coils E1, E2 becomes. It also increases the quality of the series resonance circuit on, since the resonance capacitance C1 is no longer bridged by the heating circuit and an attenuation of the series resonance circuit by the Resistance of the electrode coils E1, E2 is eliminated. Consequently can the ignition voltage at the resonance capacitance C1 provided for the low pressure discharge lamp LP will. After ignition of the lamp LP flows only the quiescent or holding current through the relay coil RL, which is required to switch the relay contact K keep open. Only after switching off the lamp LP or the circuit arrangement becomes the relay contact K closed again so that when it is again Switching on the lamp LP the preheating phase for the Electrodes E1, E2 starts again.
  • the controllable electronic switch S can be used as Threshold or be designed as a timer.
  • the controllable electronic switch S is designed as a threshold switch.
  • the electronic switch S here consists of a Zener diode DZ, a voltage divider with the resistors R17, R18 and a thyristor Th, which is connected in series with the relay coil RL and whose gate is controlled by the Zener diode DZ.
  • the zener diode DZ and the thyristor Th block, so that no current flow takes place through the relay coil RL.
  • the voltage drop at the electrode filaments E1, E2 and at the Zener diode DZ increases.
  • the Zener diode DZ When the breakdown voltage of the Zener diode DZ is exceeded, it becomes conductive and also controls the switching path of the thyristor Th into the conductivity via the voltage drop across the resistor R18. This results in a current flow through the relay coil RL and an opening of the relay contact K. Since the ignition and the operating voltage of the low-pressure discharge lamp LP are greater than the heating voltage at the electrode filaments E1, E2, the switching path of the thyristor Th remains in the conductive state, so that after the lamp LP has been ignited, the holding current flows through the relay coil RL, which is required is to keep the relay contact K open.
  • the freewheeling diode D1 parallel to the relay coil, is used only to protect the thyristor Th from the induction voltage the relay coil RL.
  • the 2b shows, according to the second exemplary embodiment, the controllable electronic switch S as Time switch trained.
  • the electronic switch S consists of an RC element with the resistor R20 and the capacitor C20 and a thyristor Thl, which is connected in series to the relay coil RL1.
  • the capacitor C20 is opened via the resistor R20 charged the threshold voltage that is required by the switching distance of the thyristor Thl over the Control gate connection in conductivity, which a current flow through the relay coil RL1, similar to in the first embodiment in FIG. 2a becomes.
  • the rectifier GL2, the smoothing capacitor C7 as well as the thyristor Th1 and the relay coil RL1 the freewheeling diode D2 have the same function as that corresponding components of the first embodiment according to Figure 2a.
  • the duration of the preheating phase Electrode coils E1, E2 is here by the time constant of the RC element and through the resistor R21 determined, which in turn of course for each type of electrode can be optimized (see FIG. 2b).
  • Figure 3 shows a detailed circuit diagram of an inventive Circuit arrangement for the operation of two low-pressure discharge lamps connected in parallel LP1, LP2 according to a particularly preferred embodiment.
  • the circuit contains a push-pull frequency generator, consisting of two bipolar transistors T3, T4 arranged in a half-bridge with a control device A 'shown only schematically here and a DC voltage supply G, to whose output a backup capacitor C8 is connected in parallel.
  • a control device A ' can be found, for example, in the book "Electronics Circuits" by W. Hirschmann (Siemens AG), on pages 147-148 and in EP-OS 276 460.
  • Parallel to the switching paths of the alternating switching transistors T3, A first smoothing capacitor C6 is connected to T4.
  • the transistors T3, T4 also each have an emitter resistor R5 or R6 and a flyback diode D3 or D4 to protect their switching path.
  • the first series resonance circuit consists of the resonance inductance LD1, the resonance capacitance C91 and the low-pressure discharge lamp LP1, the lamp LP1 and the resonance capacitance C91 being connected in parallel with one another in terms of alternating current.
  • the second series resonance circuit C92 and the low-pressure discharge lamp LP2, the lamp LP2 and the resonance capacitance C92 also being connected in parallel with one another in terms of alternating current.
  • Both lamps LP1, LP2 have a heating circuit that each of the electrode coils E10, E20 and the electrode coils E11, E21 of the corresponding Lamps LP1 and LP2 and a relay contact K1 or K2 is formed.
  • the two relay contacts K1, K2 are switched simultaneously by the relay coil RL '.
  • the relay coil RL ' is from the switching path of the in Series to thyristors Th 'arranged to it, the gate of thyristor Th 'in turn from the Zener diode DZ 'and the voltage divider controlled from the resistors R17 ', R18' becomes.
  • the Zener diode DZ 'and the voltage divider R17 ', R18' is that of the second smoothing capacitor C4 'smoothed output voltage of the rectifier GL' on.
  • the connection 1 of the rectifier GL ' is on the tap M3 to the positive pole of the first smoothing capacitor C6 performed while connection 2 of the rectifier GL 'via a first current limiting capacitor C17 with a tap M4 in the first series resonance circuit and via a second current limiting capacitor C18 with a tap M5 in the second series resonance circuit connected is.
  • the tap M3 is also a connection of the Electrode coils E20 and E11 to the positive pole of the first Smoothing capacitor C6 performed, so that the AC input 1, 2 of the rectifier GL 'parallel to both lamps LP1 and LP2 is switched.
  • the circuit arrangement also has an active one Harmonic filter, which is a sinusoidal mains current draw enables.
  • This harmonic filter consists of the diodes D13, D14, D15, D16 and the capacitors C13, C81, C82 and the two resonance capacities C91, C92.
  • a detailed functional description of a such harmonic filters can be found in the US-PS 4 808 887 and should therefore not be reproduced here will.
  • Component R8 which, like the primary winding RKla of the toroidal transformer to the control device A 'heard and therefore not explained here shall be.
  • the two lamps LP1, LP2 are Fluorescent lamps with a power consumption of approx. 9 W and with similar electrode coils E10, E20 and E11, E21.
  • the relay coil RL is still supplied with the holding or quiescent current which is sufficient to hold the relay contacts K1, K2 in the open position. Only when the lamps LP1, LP2 are switched off are the relay contacts K1, K2 closed again.
  • the functional principle is therefore completely analogous to that of the first exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2a.
  • Table I indicates a suitable dimensioning of the components for the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 3.
  • the invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments described, but can also be used, for example, to operate several in parallel switched low-pressure discharge lamps can be used. It is natural also possible in the circuit arrangement according to the invention Figure 3 shows the control of the relay coil RL 'by means of a timer to execute according to Figure 2b.
  • the circuit arrangement according to the invention is also suitable for several Series of switched low pressure discharge lamps.
  • they would be Electrode filaments of all lamps integrated in a single heating circuit, and the relay had as many relay contacts as there were lamps would be, these relay contacts also integrated in the heating circuit would be and would switch simultaneously (controlled by the same relay coil).
  • the relay contacts would then be at the end of the preheating phase Interrupt the heating circuit so that the electrical connection between the electrode filaments belonging to the same lamp would be interrupted.
  • a so-called electronic relays are used that come from an optocoupler and an electronic switch, e.g. a thyristor.

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  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Montage pour faire fonctionner une ou plusieurs lampes à décharge à basse pression, comprenant
    un générateur de fréquences en montage push-pull comportant un dispositif d'attaque (A, A') et une alimentation en tension continue (G),
    au moins un circuit résonnant série, qui reçoit un signal haute fréquence du générateur de fréquences en montage push-pull et qui comporte au moins une inductance de résonnance (LD, LD1, LD2) ainsi qu'un condensateur de résonnance (C1, C91, C92),
    des bornes pour au moins une lampe à décharge à basse pression (LP, LP1, LP2) ayant des filaments d'électrodes (E1, E2, E10, E20, E11, E21), chaque filament d'électrode (E1, E2, E10, E20, E11, E21) présentant deux bornes,
    au moins un circuit de chauffage pour le préchauffage des filaments d'électrodes (El, E2, E10, E20, E11, E21) de la lampe à décharge à basse pression (LP) ou des lampes à décharge à basse pression (LP1, LP2), ayant des moyens de commutation (K, K1, K2) pour l'ouverture et la fermeture du circuit de chauffage ou des circuits de chauffage, ces moyens de commutation (K, K1, K2) permettant la commutation du circuit de chauffage ou des circuits de chauffage entre un état à faible valeur ohmique et un état à grande valeur ohmique et permettant d'améliorer le facteur de qualité du circuit résonnant série ou des circuits résonnants série par rapport à la phase de préchauffage, si bien qu'à la fin de cette phase de préchauffage des électrodes, la tension d'amorçage pour la lampe à décharge à basse pression (LP) ou pour les lampes à décharge à basse pression (LP1, LP2) peut être disponible au niveau du condensateur de résonnance ou des condensateurs de résonnance (C1, C91, C92),
    un redresseur (GL, GL', GL1),
    un commutateur électronique (S, S') pouvant être commandé, qui est réalisé en tant que commutateur à valeur de seuil ou à minuterie, qui est relié à la sortie de tension continue du redresseur (GL, GL', GL1) et qui actionne les moyens de commutation (K, K1, K2) en fonction de la résistance ohmique, augmentant avec l'échauffement, des filaments d'électrodes (E1, E2, E10, E20, E11, E21),
       caractérisé par le fait que le commutateur électronique (S, S') reçoit une tension de chauffage, redressée par le redresseur (GL, GL', GL1) et qui chute, pendant la phase de préchauffage, entre les deux bornes d'au moins un filament d'électrode (E1, E2, E10, E20, E11, E21).
  2. Montage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que le montage comprend au moins deux lampes à décharge à basse tension (LP1, LP2) montées en parallèle et possédant chacune un circuit de chauffage pour le préchauffage de leurs électrodes (E10, E20, E11, E21), et que les moyens de commutation sont réalisés sous la forme de relais, dont les contacts de relais (K1, K2) sont intégrés respectivement dans un circuit de chauffage.
  3. Montage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que le montage comprend au moins deux lampes à décharge à basse tension montées en série, les filaments d'électrodes de ces lampes étant intégrés dans un circuit commun de chauffage destiné au préchauffage des filaments d'électrodes.
  4. Montage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que les moyens de commutation sont réalisés sous la forme de relais et le commutateur électronique (S) pouvant être commandé comporte un thyristor (Th, Th') ainsi qu'une diode Zener (DZ, DZ'), la diode Zener (DZ, DZ') étant reliée à la gâchette du thyristor (Th, Th') et le thyristor (Th, Th') étant monté en série avec la bobine de relais (RL, RL') du relais.
  5. Montage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que les moyens de commutation sont réalisés sous la forme de relais, le commutateur électronique (S) pouvant être commandé comporte un thyristor (Th1) ainsi qu'un circuit à résistance et condensateur (R20, C20), le circuit à résistance et condensateur (R20, C20) étant relié à la gâchette du thyristor (Th1) et le thyristor (Th1) étant monté en série avec la bobine de relais (RL1) du relais.
  6. Montage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que le montage comporte au moins un condensateur de limitation de courant (C5, C17, C18), qui est relié à l'entrée de courant alternatif du redresseur (GL, GL', GL1).
EP92924561A 1991-12-09 1992-12-09 Circuit pour actionner une ou plusieurs lampe(s) a decharge a basse pression Expired - Lifetime EP0616752B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4140557 1991-12-09
DE4140557A DE4140557A1 (de) 1991-12-09 1991-12-09 Schaltungsanordnung zum betrieb einer oder mehrerer niederdruckentladungslampen
PCT/DE1992/001026 WO1993012631A1 (fr) 1991-12-09 1992-12-09 Circuit pour actionner une ou plusieurs lampe(s) a decharge a basse pression

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0616752A1 EP0616752A1 (fr) 1994-09-28
EP0616752B1 true EP0616752B1 (fr) 1998-05-20

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EP92924561A Expired - Lifetime EP0616752B1 (fr) 1991-12-09 1992-12-09 Circuit pour actionner une ou plusieurs lampe(s) a decharge a basse pression

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US (1) US5583399A (fr)
EP (1) EP0616752B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH07501653A (fr)
DE (2) DE4140557A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1993012631A1 (fr)

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DE3805510A1 (de) * 1988-02-22 1989-08-31 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh Schaltungsanordnung zum betrieb einer niederdruckentladungslampe
DE3901111A1 (de) * 1989-01-16 1990-07-19 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh Schaltungsanordnung zum betrieb von entladungslampen
DE4005776C2 (de) * 1989-02-24 1999-08-05 Zenit Energietechnik Gmbh Schaltungsanordnung zum Starten und zum Betrieb einer Gasentladungslampe
DE4005850A1 (de) * 1990-02-23 1991-08-29 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh Schaltungsanordnung zum betrieb einer entladungslampe
DE4025938A1 (de) * 1990-08-16 1992-02-20 Diehl Gmbh & Co Schaltungsanordnung fuer den betrieb einer leuchtstofflampe

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5583399A (en) 1996-12-10
WO1993012631A1 (fr) 1993-06-24
JPH07501653A (ja) 1995-02-16
DE4140557A1 (de) 1993-06-17
DE59209340D1 (de) 1998-06-25
EP0616752A1 (fr) 1994-09-28

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