EP0616646B1 - Verfahren zur wärmebehandlung von metallischem gut - Google Patents
Verfahren zur wärmebehandlung von metallischem gut Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0616646B1 EP0616646B1 EP93922928A EP93922928A EP0616646B1 EP 0616646 B1 EP0616646 B1 EP 0616646B1 EP 93922928 A EP93922928 A EP 93922928A EP 93922928 A EP93922928 A EP 93922928A EP 0616646 B1 EP0616646 B1 EP 0616646B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- steel parts
- cooling
- air
- nozzle
- roller
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 title abstract 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/62—Quenching devices
- C21D1/667—Quenching devices for spray quenching
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0056—Furnaces through which the charge is moved in a horizontal straight path
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0062—Heat-treating apparatus with a cooling or quenching zone
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
- C21D1/767—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material with forced gas circulation; Reheating thereof
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for hardening relatively thin, quickly cooled steel parts in one Roller furnace, the steel parts after a heating phase in the so-called high temperature range above approx. 800-1250 ° C lying directly on the ceramic rollers of the roller oven to be brought.
- Nozzles are arranged above and below a roller conveyor for cooling extruded profiles.
- the invention addresses the problem of hardening steel parts to allow so that the parts themselves do not warp and only marginal edge or Edge decarburization phenomena and edge oxidation or Marginal scale formation phenomena occur.
- Such a temperature distribution can only be achieved with a roller oven.
- the burners in the high temperature range, the Austenitization area operated without excess air.
- the burners So set that in fact a protective gas can be dispensed with This is because slightly scale the steel parts on the surface, and with a layer thickness in the range of approx. 0.01 - 0.03 mm.
- This edge scaling has no influence on the Product quality, on the contrary, is caused by the scaling prevents the steel parts from carburizing or decarburizing, so that a uniform structure is achieved after the heat treatment and only an edge decarburization of approx. 0.01 - 0.03 mm occurs.
- This slight decarburization or scaling becomes frequent approved, as a rule in downstream Work steps a surface processing anyway is carried out.
- the estate is a scale-free, black Surface has, so that no additional surface finishing is more needed.
- an exact separation of the atmosphere can be realized, for example, by a lock.
- the cooling operated continuously or pulsating, that means that the cooling only start when a Workpiece has reached the cooling point.
- the nozzle field is designed according to two points of view. Once to a very high one To achieve heat transfer coefficient.
- the nozzle field is operated with different forms be, for example from a slight excess pressure of 1 bar up to 20 bar overpressure.
- the nozzle field can consist of nozzles and the other from a plate, into the holes and slots are incorporated, be trained.
- the nozzle diameter as well as the division ratio of the nozzles is according to corresponding Material requirements of the goods to be cooled selected.
- the Nozzle distance between the workpiece and nozzle can be varied, to get intense cooling.
- the distances of the nozzles of the two fields should be as small as possible and of the same size.
- the rolls should have small diameters.
- the heat released during the cooling process during hardening can take the form of preheated air in the order of 100-400 ° C den Burners are fed to the heating zone. So you get one Heat recovery and lower energy consumption.
- the nozzle field can be designed so that the outflow of the Air to one side or to all four sides takes place or only takes place on two sides or again is suctioned off.
- the nozzle diameter can range from 1.0-4.0 mm lie.
- the nozzles can be with or without a nozzle neck be formed.
- the length of the nozzle neck can range from 0-50 mm be variable.
- the temperature of the air coming out of the nozzles emerges, can be between room temperature and 150 ° C.
- the material (the good) can be used in a few Cooled down to temperatures between 40 and 100 ° C for seconds become.
- roller speeds in the furnace in the heating zone I to III and in the refrigerator section Zone IV can be different.
- a roller furnace is shown schematically, wherein the roller conveyor through the cross-sectional representation of the rollers is recognizable.
- the inlet is on the left and the one on the right Spout.
- the furnace consists of three spatially separated Levels I, II and III.
- Zone I VWZI
- VWZI Zone I
- the burners are above and below the Roller conveyor shown schematically. Are in Zone II (HZ) more burners than shown in Zone II (VWZ II) to access this Way to express that it is the zone II is the high temperature range. The good must be as possible quickly from zone II to zone III (rapid cooling zone kZ) to be brought.
- HZ Zone II
- VWZ II Zone II
- the good must be as possible quickly from zone II to zone III (rapid cooling zone kZ) to be brought.
- zone III there is a suction the heated cooling air provided to preheat the Combustion air can serve.
- the heating part is from The refrigerator compartment is separated by an S lock.
- zone III the goods are quickly seen using nozzle fields chilled.
- Figure 2 shows a side view of an embodiment of the Cooling zone with above and below the roll Nozzles.
- Figure 3 shows a view in which the spatial assignment of the Detect nozzles of an upper and a lower nozzle field are.
- U and O are the individual nozzles of the lower and the called upper nozzle field. The best results are at small distances between the nozzles and the good achieved.
- Figure 4 shows a side view of another Embodiment of a nozzle array, in which case Air extraction devices between the individual upper nozzle fields can be seen through which the boundary layer is suctioned off.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Strip Materials And Filament Materials (AREA)
Description
- quadratische Düsenandordnungen,
- gleichseitige Dreiecke als Düsenanordnungen und
- gleichschenklige und gleichseitige Dreiecke als Düsenandnordnung.
- Figur 1
- zeigt eine schaubildliche Längsansicht eines Rollenofens zur Durchführung des Verfahrens gemäß der Erfindung.
- Figuren 2 bis 4
- zeigen Ansichten der Düsenfelder in unterschiedlichen Ausführungsformen.
Claims (5)
- Verfahren zum Härten von relativ dünnen, schnell abzukühlenden Stahlteilen in einem Rollenofen, wobei die Stahlteile nach einer Aufheizphase in den sogenannten Hochtemperaturbereich oberhalb von ca. 800 - 1250° C direkt auf Keramikrollen des Rollenofens aufliegend gebracht und auf der Rollenbahn in die Kühlzone gefördert werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Stahlteile in der Kühlzone vermittels von sowohl ober- als auch unterhalb der Rollenbahn angeordneten Luftdüsenfeldern mit Prallströmumgen räumlich gleichmässig, örtlich gleichzeitig und sehr schnell unter die Martensit-Startemperatur abgekühlt werden.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwischen den einzelnen Düsenfeldern Lüft zwechs Absaugang der Grenzschicht abgesaugt wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mit Wärmeübergangskoeffizienten im Bereich von 1000 bis 4000 W/m2K gekühlt wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Stahlteile wie Kugellaperringe, Messer, Sägen, Zangen, Fräser und dergl. gehärtet werden.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Luftdüsen kontinuierlich oder pulssierend betrieben werden.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4234285 | 1992-10-10 | ||
| DE4234285A DE4234285A1 (de) | 1992-10-10 | 1992-10-10 | Verfahren zur Wärmebehandlung von metallischem Gut |
| PCT/EP1993/002777 WO1994009164A1 (de) | 1992-10-10 | 1993-10-11 | Verfahren zur wärmebehandlung von metallischem gut |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0616646A1 EP0616646A1 (de) | 1994-09-28 |
| EP0616646B1 true EP0616646B1 (de) | 1999-01-13 |
Family
ID=6470217
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP93922928A Expired - Lifetime EP0616646B1 (de) | 1992-10-10 | 1993-10-11 | Verfahren zur wärmebehandlung von metallischem gut |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0616646B1 (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE175724T1 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE4234285A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO1994009164A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0737755B1 (de) * | 1995-04-13 | 2001-11-07 | Patherm SA | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Wärmebehandlung von Werkstücken |
| ATE208430T1 (de) * | 1995-04-13 | 2001-11-15 | Patherm Sa | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur wärmebehandlung von werkstücken |
| DE29603022U1 (de) * | 1996-02-21 | 1996-04-18 | Ipsen Industries International GmbH, 47533 Kleve | Vorrichtung zum Abschrecken metallischer Werkstücke |
| DE102008050927B4 (de) * | 2008-10-10 | 2014-12-11 | Manfred Husslein | Energetisch optimiertes Verfahren, bei dem Werkstücke erhitzt werden, sowie Werkstückförderer und Wärmeübertragungseinheit |
| CN103146902B (zh) * | 2012-12-19 | 2015-02-04 | 烟台金光工具有限公司 | 一种锯条热处理自动生产线 |
| DE102016118253A1 (de) | 2016-09-27 | 2018-03-29 | Schwartz Gmbh | Verfahren zur Wärmebehandlung eines metallischen Bauteils |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU553939A3 (ru) * | 1971-12-06 | 1977-04-05 | Кавасаки Юкогио Кабусики Кайся (Фирма) | Устройство дл охлаждени изделий |
| JPS5421943A (en) * | 1977-07-21 | 1979-02-19 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Method and apparatus for heat treatment of steel such as soft steel |
| DE3234863C2 (de) * | 1982-09-21 | 1986-04-10 | Messer Griesheim Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Blankglühen von metallischen Werkstücken mit Stickstoff als Schutzgas |
| FR2536160A1 (fr) * | 1982-11-17 | 1984-05-18 | Piezo Ceram Electronique | Four continu de brasure de composants electroniques |
| FR2578553B1 (fr) * | 1985-03-06 | 1989-01-06 | Bertin & Cie | Installation de refroidissement par pulverisation |
| DE4024605A1 (de) * | 1990-08-02 | 1992-02-06 | Wsp Ingenieurgesellschaft Fuer | Vorrichtung zur abkuehlung von strangpressprofilen |
-
1992
- 1992-10-10 DE DE4234285A patent/DE4234285A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1993
- 1993-10-11 WO PCT/EP1993/002777 patent/WO1994009164A1/de not_active Ceased
- 1993-10-11 AT AT93922928T patent/ATE175724T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-10-11 EP EP93922928A patent/EP0616646B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-10-11 DE DE59309308T patent/DE59309308D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE4234285A1 (de) | 1994-04-14 |
| DE59309308D1 (de) | 1999-02-25 |
| EP0616646A1 (de) | 1994-09-28 |
| WO1994009164A1 (de) | 1994-04-28 |
| ATE175724T1 (de) | 1999-01-15 |
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