EP0614801B1 - Ship or system for cooled containers - Google Patents
Ship or system for cooled containers Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0614801B1 EP0614801B1 EP93103825A EP93103825A EP0614801B1 EP 0614801 B1 EP0614801 B1 EP 0614801B1 EP 93103825 A EP93103825 A EP 93103825A EP 93103825 A EP93103825 A EP 93103825A EP 0614801 B1 EP0614801 B1 EP 0614801B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- refrigerated container
- exposed
- container ship
- containers
- cargo deck
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
- B63B25/002—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for goods other than bulk goods
- B63B25/004—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for goods other than bulk goods for containers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B11/00—Interior subdivision of hulls
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63J—AUXILIARIES ON VESSELS
- B63J2/00—Arrangements of ventilation, heating, cooling, or air-conditioning
- B63J2/02—Ventilation; Air-conditioning
- B63J2/08—Ventilation; Air-conditioning of holds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63J—AUXILIARIES ON VESSELS
- B63J2/00—Arrangements of ventilation, heating, cooling, or air-conditioning
- B63J2/12—Heating; Cooling
Definitions
- the invention relates to a refrigerated container ship or system according to the preamble of claim 1.
- DE-PS 1 953 866 describes a container ship for refrigerated containers which are stacked one above the other in one or more holds and which have connections for supply and return air on one side, which are connected to corresponding air ducts of air cooling systems.
- This previously known teaching assumes that each cargo space is designed without insulation against external heat radiation.
- a non-insulated room is therefore provided, which is arranged under a so-called weather and loading deck, so that the insulated containers can be supplied with the cold air from air coolers via a duct system which is arranged as insulated as possible from the ship's hull.
- the air cooling systems are located on the back of the air duct or between two air ducts, which are also referred to as cooling rods, or in a niche in the transverse bulkhead, so that both air cooling systems are arranged one above the other or side by side in a vertical plane.
- Such an arrangement of the air cooler systems is also described in DE-OS 38 22 035 and is considered advantageous.
- the space requirements of such ventilation systems have always been perceived as being relatively high, as has the manufacturing costs of such refrigerated transport or containers, which are also very cumbersome to load and unload, since the hatches on the weather deck are always removed or brought into position beforehand had to.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of improving the refrigerated container ship mentioned at the outset in such a way that it eliminates the disadvantages described and enables faster loading and unloading of the (refrigerated) containers, reduces the manufacturing costs and, at the same time, further increases the cost-effectiveness by means of a higher loading capacity.
- Another object of the invention is to easily accommodate other loads.
- the refrigerated container ship characterized in claim 1.
- a new structure which has no hatches.
- the containers with their cooling air guide channels are spatially separated from the ventilation systems. The latter is achieved in that the container stacks are arranged on the lowered weather and loading deck of the refrigerated container ship, while at least 80% of the ventilation systems are located below the weather and loading deck or under the containers and no longer next to or between them, ie the ventilation systems are below deck in a relatively closed, secure atmosphere while the reefer containers are outdoors.
- the cooling air guide ducts are in principle maintained in their previous form and connect the container stacks to the respective ventilation system.
- the hatchless construction enables the containers to be loaded and unloaded quickly, since the containers and other cargo are now only a deck load, while the removal of the ventilation systems between the containers creates space in the horizontal or longitudinal direction, so that more Container stack can also be provided. Since the center of gravity is reduced by the structure according to the invention, the stability of the ship and thus the loading capacity is further increased.
- all ventilation systems are arranged under the weather and loading deck and below deck, provided that the latter allow the bow and stern shape and the arrangement of the drive system.
- the weather and loading deck has been lowered because, apart from the ventilation systems, all containers and cargo on the deck are loaded and transported outdoors.
- the refrigerated container ship is generally designated 10. It has a conventional deckhouse structure 30 with drive units 40 in the rear area and transports six refrigerated container stacks 12 arranged one behind the other, some of which can be replaced by 2 x 20 'container stacks, so that there are a total of approximately 300 containers which have fifty ventilation systems 16 from which in the present case are forty below the weather deck 18. However, this percentage is not critical, but can be varied up to 100%. It also goes without saying that 20 'and / or 40' containers or other container sizes can be transported As can be seen from the schematic diagram in FIG. 1, five cooling air guide channels 14 are provided, of which the three inside are designed as double channels, while the outer represent single cooling air guide channels. At this point it should be mentioned that double duct is also understood to mean such an arrangement of two cooling air duct ducts arranged at a short distance, each having ducts for supply and return air.
- the space 20 below the weather and loading deck has been kept as small as possible in the preferred embodiment, since the weather deck 18 has been lowered in height compared to conventional refrigerated container ships and essentially only serves the ventilation systems 16 and the collecting areas 22 their channels 24 to collect and drain the water entering from above. If the water cannot be drained without a bilge, it is led to the double-walled outer ship's wall 50 shown in FIG. 3 and to the bottom of the ship where bilge pumps 26 then ensure the outflow.
- FIG 3 again shows the relatively low height of the weather and loading deck 18, which is below half the height of the ship's side wall 50. All of the container stacks 12 are arranged above this weather and loading deck 18, while separately the ventilation systems 16 lie below the weather and loading deck 18, which are connected to the individual containers via the cooling air guide ducts 14 and also pass through the weather and loading deck 18.
- the hatchless construction of the refrigerated container ship 10 according to the invention enables quick, immediate and direct access to the containers during loading and unloading. Considerations have also shown that the refrigerated containers do not all have to be transported below deck in order to fulfill their actual function. According to the invention, on the other hand, it is sufficient that only the ventilation systems 16 are arranged under the weather and loading deck 18. This ensures that they are not exposed to the significant weather conditions and also free up the space between the container stacks 12, so that the refrigerated container ship according to the invention can transport a container stack 12 more. In other cases, further container stacks are also conceivable.
- the refrigerated container ship 10 according to the invention can be manufactured more cheaply and, due to its increased loading capacity, is more economical than conventional refrigerated ships.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Packages (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Kühlcontainerschiff oder -system nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a refrigerated container ship or system according to the preamble of claim 1.
Derartige Kühlcontainerschiffe bzw. -systeme gibt es in verschiedenen Größen und Ausführungsformen. So wird beispielsweise in der DE-PS 1 953 866 ein Containerschiff für Kühlcontainer beschrieben, die in einem oder mehreren Laderäumen übereinander gestapelt werden, und die an einer Seite Anschlüsse für Zu- und Rückluft besitzen, die an entsprechende Luftkanäle von Luftkühlanlagen angeschlossen sind. Diese vorbekannte Lehre geht davon aus, daß jeder Laderaum ohne Isolierung gegen Wärmeeinstrahlung von außen ausgebildet ist. Es wird also ein nicht-isolierter Raum vorgesehen, der unter einem sog. Wetter- und Ladedeck angeordnet ist, so daß den isolierten Containern über ein gegenüber dem Schiffsrumpf möglichst isoliert angeordnetes Kanalsystem die Kaltluft von Luftkühlern zugeführt werden kann. Die Luftkühlanlagen befinden sich auf der Rückseite der Luftleitkanäle bzw. zwischen zwei Luftleitkanälen, die auch als sog. Kühlstäbe bezeichnet werden, oder auch in einer Nische des Querschotts, so daß beide Luftkühleranlagen in einer senkrechten Ebene übereinander bzw. nebeneinander angeordnet sind. Eine derartige Anordnung der Luftkühleranlagen wird ebenfalls in der DE-OS 38 22 035 beschrieben und als vorteilhaft angesehen. Allerdings hat man den Platzbedarf solcher Belüftungsanlagen immer als relativ hoch empfunden, ebenso wie die Herstellungskosten solcher Kühltransport- bzw. container, die sich zudem nur sehr umständlich be- und entladen lassen, da die Luken des Wetterdecks vorher immer entfernt bzw. in Stellung gebracht werden mussten.Such refrigerated container ships or systems are available in different sizes and designs. For example, DE-PS 1 953 866 describes a container ship for refrigerated containers which are stacked one above the other in one or more holds and which have connections for supply and return air on one side, which are connected to corresponding air ducts of air cooling systems. This previously known teaching assumes that each cargo space is designed without insulation against external heat radiation. A non-insulated room is therefore provided, which is arranged under a so-called weather and loading deck, so that the insulated containers can be supplied with the cold air from air coolers via a duct system which is arranged as insulated as possible from the ship's hull. The air cooling systems are located on the back of the air duct or between two air ducts, which are also referred to as cooling rods, or in a niche in the transverse bulkhead, so that both air cooling systems are arranged one above the other or side by side in a vertical plane. Such an arrangement of the air cooler systems is also described in DE-OS 38 22 035 and is considered advantageous. However, the space requirements of such ventilation systems have always been perceived as being relatively high, as has the manufacturing costs of such refrigerated transport or containers, which are also very cumbersome to load and unload, since the hatches on the weather deck are always removed or brought into position beforehand had to.
Der Erfindung liegt deshalb die Aufgabe zugrunde, das eingangs genannte Kühlcontainerschiff derart zu verbessern, daS es die geschilderten Nachteile beseitigt und ein schnelleres Be- und Entladen der (Kühl)container ermöglicht, die Herstellungskosten reduziert und gleichzeitig noch durch höhere Ladekapazität die Wirtschaftlichkeit weiter erhöht. Ein weiteres Ziel der Erfindung ist es, auch andere Ladung problemlos aufzunehmen.The invention is therefore based on the object of improving the refrigerated container ship mentioned at the outset in such a way that it eliminates the disadvantages described and enables faster loading and unloading of the (refrigerated) containers, reduces the manufacturing costs and, at the same time, further increases the cost-effectiveness by means of a higher loading capacity. Another object of the invention is to easily accommodate other loads.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch das im Anspruch 1 gekennzeichnet Kühlcontainerschiff gelöst. Nach einem ersten erfindungsgemäßen Aspekt wird ein neuer Aufbau vorgesehen, der lukenlos ist. Nach einem weiteren Aspekt der Erfindung werden die Container mit ihren Kühlluftleitkanälen in räumlicher Hinsicht von den Belüftungsanlagen getrennt. Letzteres wird dadurch erreicht, daß die Containerstapel auf dem abgesenkten Wetter- und Ladedeck des Kühlcontainerschiffes angeordnet werden, während mindestens 80% der Belüftungsanlagen unter dem Wetter- und Ladedeck bzw. unter den Containern und nicht mehr neben oder zwischen ihnen angeordnet sind, d.h. die Belüftungsanlagen sind unter Deck in einer relativ abgeschlossenen, sicheren Atmosphäre, während die Kühlcontainer sich im Freien befinden. Es dürfte einleuchten, daß die Kühlluftleitkanäle im Prinzip in ihrer bisherigen Form aufrechterhalten werden und die Containerstapel mit der jeweiligen Belüftungsanlage verbinden.This object is achieved by the refrigerated container ship characterized in claim 1. According to a first aspect according to the invention, a new structure is provided which has no hatches. According to a further aspect of the invention, the containers with their cooling air guide channels are spatially separated from the ventilation systems. The latter is achieved in that the container stacks are arranged on the lowered weather and loading deck of the refrigerated container ship, while at least 80% of the ventilation systems are located below the weather and loading deck or under the containers and no longer next to or between them, ie the ventilation systems are below deck in a relatively closed, secure atmosphere while the reefer containers are outdoors. It should be clear that the cooling air guide ducts are in principle maintained in their previous form and connect the container stacks to the respective ventilation system.
Der lukenlose Aufbau ermöglicht das schnelle Be- und Entladen der Container, da es sich bei den Containern und auch anderer Ladungsgüter nunmehr nur noch um eine reine Decksladung handelt, während die Beseitigung der Belüftungsanlagen zwischen den Containern Platz in horizontaler oder Längsrichtung schafft, so daß weiterere Containerstapel zusätzlich vorgesehen werden können. Da durch den erfindungsgemäßen Aufbau der Gewichtsschwerpunkt gesenkt wird, wird die Stabilität des Schiffes und damit die Ladekapazität weiter erhöht.The hatchless construction enables the containers to be loaded and unloaded quickly, since the containers and other cargo are now only a deck load, while the removal of the ventilation systems between the containers creates space in the horizontal or longitudinal direction, so that more Container stack can also be provided. Since the center of gravity is reduced by the structure according to the invention, the stability of the ship and thus the loading capacity is further increased.
In einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform sind sämtliche Belüftungsanlagen unter dem Wetter- und Ladedeck und unter Deck angeordnet, sofern letzteres die Bug- und Heckform und die Anordnung der Antriebsanlage ermöglichen. Das Wetterund Ladedeck ist tiefergelegt, da bis auf die Belüftungsanlagen sämtliche Container und Ladungsgüter auf Deck im Freien geladen sind und transportiert werden.In an advantageous embodiment, all ventilation systems are arranged under the weather and loading deck and below deck, provided that the latter allow the bow and stern shape and the arrangement of the drive system. The weather and loading deck has been lowered because, apart from the ventilation systems, all containers and cargo on the deck are loaded and transported outdoors.
Weitere Vorteile und Merkmale gehen aus den vorstehenden Unteransprüchen hervor, die auch gemeinsam mit dem Hauptanspruch von erfindungsgemäßer Bedeutung sein können.Further advantages and features emerge from the preceding subclaims, which can also be of importance according to the invention together with the main claim.
Im folgenden wird ein bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert.A preferred exemplary embodiment of the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing.
Es zeigt:
- Fig. 1
- einen Längsquerschnitt durch ein erfindungsgemäß aufgebautes Kühlcontainerschiff;
- Fig. 2
- eine Draufsicht auf das in Fig. 1 gezeigte erfindungsgemäße Kühlcontainerschiff, teil weise im Schnitt;
und - Fig. 3
- eine Querschnittsansicht durch das in Fig. 1. und 2 gezeigte erfindungsgemäße Kühlcontainerschiff.
- Fig. 1
- a longitudinal cross section through a reefer container ship constructed according to the invention;
- Fig. 2
- a plan view of the refrigerated container ship according to the invention shown in Figure 1, partly in section;
and - Fig. 3
- a cross-sectional view through the in Fig. 1st and 2 shown refrigerated container ship according to the invention.
In Fig. 1 ist das erfindungsgemäße Kühlcontainerschiff allgemein mit 10 bezeichnet. Es weist einen üblichen Deckshausaufbau 30 mit Antriebsaggregaten 40 im Heckbereich auf und transportiert sechs hintereinander angeordnete Kühlcontainerstapel 12, die zum Teil durch 2 x 20'-Containerstapel ersetzt werden können, so daß insgesamt ca. 300 Container vorliegen, die fünfzig Belüftungsanlagen 16 aufweisen, von denen im vorliegenden Fall vierzig unterhalb des Wetterdeckes 18 angeordnet sind. Diese Prozentzahl ist jedoch nicht kritisch, sondern kann nach oben hin bis zu 100% variiert werden. Auch versteht sich, daß 20'- und/oder 40'-Container oder sonstige Containergrößen transportiert werden können
Wie der Schemaskizze der Fig. 1 zu entnehmen ist, sind fünf Kühlluftleitkanäle 14 vorgesehen, von denen die drei innen liegenden als Doppelkanal ausgebildet sind, während die äußeren Einfachkühlluftleitkanäle darstellen. An dieser Stelle sei erwähnt, daß unter Doppelkanal auch eine solche Anordnung von zwei in geringem Abstand angeordneten Kühlluftleitkanälen verstanden wird, die jeweils Kanäle für Zuund Rückluft aufweisen.In Fig. 1, the refrigerated container ship according to the invention is generally designated 10. It has a
As can be seen from the schematic diagram in FIG. 1, five cooling
Der unter dem Wetter- und Ladedeck liegende Raum 20 ist in der bevorzugten Ausführungsform möglichst klein gehalten worden, da das Wetterdeck 18 gegenüber herkömmlichen Kühlcontainerschiffen in seiner Höhe tiefer gelegt worden ist und im wesentlichen nur noch dazu dient, die Belüftungsanlagen 16 und die Auffangflächen 22 mit ihren Kanälen 24 zum Auffangen und Ableiten des von oben eintretenden Wassers aufzunehmen. Sofern das Wasser nicht lenzfrei abgeführt werden kann, wird es zu der in Fig. 3 gezeigten doppelwandigen Schiffsaußenwand 50 und dort zum Schiffsboden geführt, wo Lenzpumpen 26 dann für den Abfluß sorgen.The
Aus Fig. 3 ist noch einmal die relativ niedrige Höhe des Wetter- und Ladedecks 18 angedeutet, die unterhalb der halben Höhe der Schiffseitenwand 50 liegt. Sämtliche Containerstapel 12 sind oberhalb dieses Wetter- und Ladedecks 18 angeordnet, während davon getrennt die Belüftungsanlagen 16 unterhalb des Wetter- und Ladedecks 18 liegen, die über die Kühlluftleitkanäle 14 mit den einzelnen Containern verbunden sind und auch durch das Wetter- und Ladedeck 18 hindurchverlaufen.3 again shows the relatively low height of the weather and
Der lukenlose Aufbau des erfindungsgemäßen Kühlcontainerschiffes 10 ermöglicht einen schnellen, unmittelbaren und direkten Zugriff auf die Container beim Be- und Entladen. Auch haben Überlegungen gezeigt, daß die Kühlcontainer nicht sämtlich unter Deck transportiert werden müssen, um ihre eigentliche Funktion zu erfüllen. Erfindungsgemäß reicht es hingegen aus, daß nur die Belüftungsanlagen 16 unter dem Wetter- und Ladedeck 18 angeordnet sind. Hierdurch wird sichergestellt, daß diese nicht den erheblichen Witterungseinflüssen ausgesetzt sind und außerdem den Platz zwischen den Containerstapeln 12 freimachen, so daß das erfindungsgemäße Kühlcontainerschiff einen Containerstapel 12 mehr transportieren kann. In anderen Fällen sind auch noch weitere Containerstapel denkbar.The hatchless construction of the refrigerated
Insgesamt gesehen kann das erfindungsgemäße Kühlcontainerschiff 10 preiswerter hergestellt werden und besitzt durch seine erhöhte Ladekapazität eine bessere Wirtschaftlichkeit als herkömmliche Kühlschiffe.Seen overall, the refrigerated
Claims (6)
- Refrigerated container ship (10) or system, having a plurality of superimposed containers in several stacks (12), which are in each case connected by means of cooling air ducts (14) constructed as single or double ducts for supply and return air, to a ventilating system (16), and an exposed/cargo deck (18) and a hold (20) located below it, characterized in that at least 80% of the ventilating system (16) are located below the lowered exposed/cargo deck (18) and within the underlying hold (20), whilst the container stacks (12) are located on the exposed/cargo deck (18) of the refrigerated container ship (10), which has a hatch-free structure.
- Refrigerated container ship according to claim 1, characterized in that all the ventilating systems (16) are located below the exposed/cargo deck (18) and within the hold (20).
- Refrigerated container ship according to claim 1, characterized in that the exposed/cargo deck (18) is lower as compared with conventional refrigerated container ships.
- Refrigerated container ship according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that six container stacks (12) are successively arranged in its longitudinal direction and in at least four stacks (12) at least five containers are superimposed.
- Refrigerated container ship according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that for collecting entering water, inclined collecting surfaces (22) are provided below the exposed/cargo deck (18) and which communicate with ducts (24), which lead off the water in bilge-free manner or by means of bilge pumps (26).
- Refrigerated container ship according to claim 5, characterized in that the bilge pumps (26) are located in the vicinity of the ship's bottom.
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE59302917T DE59302917D1 (en) | 1993-03-10 | 1993-03-10 | Refrigerated container ship or system |
EP93103825A EP0614801B1 (en) | 1993-03-10 | 1993-03-10 | Ship or system for cooled containers |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP93103825A EP0614801B1 (en) | 1993-03-10 | 1993-03-10 | Ship or system for cooled containers |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0614801A1 EP0614801A1 (en) | 1994-09-14 |
EP0614801B1 true EP0614801B1 (en) | 1996-06-12 |
Family
ID=8212678
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP93103825A Expired - Lifetime EP0614801B1 (en) | 1993-03-10 | 1993-03-10 | Ship or system for cooled containers |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0614801B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE59302917D1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6240867B1 (en) * | 2000-05-16 | 2001-06-05 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Distributed machinery structure for ships |
KR20030043182A (en) * | 2001-11-27 | 2003-06-02 | 대우조선해양 주식회사 | Container type LNG tank |
KR100532578B1 (en) * | 2002-04-23 | 2005-12-02 | 삼성중공업 주식회사 | Ventilation system for reefer container ship |
DE102007016448A1 (en) * | 2007-04-03 | 2008-10-09 | Aker Mtw Werft Gmbh | Ship e.g. refrigerated container ship, has parking place arranged outside engine room for temporary occupancy with auxiliary energy generating module, and interface provided at side of ship for transferring media such as air |
FI127731B (en) * | 2016-09-07 | 2019-01-15 | Macgregor Finland Oy | Method and apparatus for adjusting the temperature and air flow on the deck of a container ship |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3359752A (en) * | 1965-09-03 | 1967-12-26 | Lester L Westling | Refrigerated containerized cargo transport system and container therefor |
US3408972A (en) * | 1967-06-15 | 1968-11-05 | Mcmullen Ass John J | Container ship with main cargo above main deck |
DE4005858C1 (en) * | 1990-02-21 | 1991-02-21 | Christof Bernhard 2970 Emden De Rehling | Bilge water control system in ship's hold - consists of sloping restrainer decks to minimise slopping and reduce free surface area of bilge water |
-
1993
- 1993-03-10 EP EP93103825A patent/EP0614801B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-03-10 DE DE59302917T patent/DE59302917D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0614801A1 (en) | 1994-09-14 |
DE59302917D1 (en) | 1996-07-18 |
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