EP0614061B1 - Steuereinrichtung für Plattenwärmetauscher und entsprechender Wärmetauscher - Google Patents

Steuereinrichtung für Plattenwärmetauscher und entsprechender Wärmetauscher Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0614061B1
EP0614061B1 EP93203712A EP93203712A EP0614061B1 EP 0614061 B1 EP0614061 B1 EP 0614061B1 EP 93203712 A EP93203712 A EP 93203712A EP 93203712 A EP93203712 A EP 93203712A EP 0614061 B1 EP0614061 B1 EP 0614061B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plate
exchanger
closing plate
opening
control device
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP93203712A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0614061A1 (de
Inventor
Flavio Mele
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GIANNONI S.P.A.
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GIANNONI SpA
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F27/00—Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus
    • F28F27/02—Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus for controlling the distribution of heat-exchange media between different channels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
    • F24D3/08—Hot-water central heating systems in combination with systems for domestic hot-water supply
    • F24D3/087—Tap water heat exchangers specially adapted therefore
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0031—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other
    • F28D9/0043—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having openings therein for circulation of at least one heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another
    • F28D9/005—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having openings therein for circulation of at least one heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another the plates having openings therein for both heat-exchange media

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a compact plate-type heat exchanger/control device assembly, easy to install and maintain, particularly intended for wall-mounted heating boilers of the combined type and associated exchanger.
  • the "heart” of those systems is the heat generator, which usually takes the form of a wall-mounted boiler and is to fill several basic demands, such as demands for reliability, efficiency, compactness, and ease of maintenance.
  • the essential components of a wall-mounted boiler include the heat exchanger between the primary fluid, i.e. the system heating circuit, and the sanitary fluid, i.e. the delivery water, as well as devices for controlling the primary flow through the exchanger to meet the demand for heated sanitary water.
  • the primary fluid should only be supplied to the exchanger and transfer its heat contents to the sanitary fluid on actual demand for sanitary water, thereby to avoid wasted heat and load losses across the primary circuit while no actual demand for heated water exists.
  • Plate-type heat exchangers have been known which are compact, efficient, occupy a very small volume of about of 80 x 180 x 35 mm, and comprise a plurality of plates juxtaposed to form two sets of intercalated flow-through chambers for the primary and the sanitary flows, respectively.
  • Such exchangers which are generally parallelepipedic in shape, carry, on a larger rectangular face thereof, four unions for connection to delivery and discharge pipes, respectively for the primary and the sanitary fluid.
  • the unions are positioned near the corners of the rectangular face (or opposed end faces), at aligned locations to internal openings arranged to put the chambers of one set into mutual communication.
  • the closing plate is provided, at the locations of the two openings, with first and second axial fittings along a perpendicular axis to the plane of the plate with a predetermined spacing between centers of the fittings which is equal to the distance between centers of a sanitary fluid outlet from a primary fluid outlet of the control device, usually a switch valve (three way valve) or straight valve with a hydraulic actuator, thereby providing a direct connection between the exchanger and the control device with no intervening elements and using a single tight union for each flow route.
  • a switch valve three way valve
  • straight valve with a hydraulic actuator
  • the manufacturing dimensional tolerances of the two elements which make up the assembly are accommodated by the provision of a coupling comprising a sleeve-type fitting on the end plate and a union to be threaded in the sleeve for the outlet fitting of the sanitary fluid from the control device, thereby achieving accurate axial positioning of the two elements, while the primary circuit coupling is accomplished by means of a ring nut clamp-down threaded sleeve being juxtaposed end-to-end through an intervening sealing gasket to an outlet union for the primary fluid from the control device (which coupling would allow for some misalignment of the elements).
  • the closing plate is also provided with outlet fittings for the sanitary fluid and the primary fluid from the exchanger, either or both of which may be provided on the opposite face of the exchanger from that of the closing plate.
  • the exchanger 1 comprises a plurality of flat plates of metal, preferably stainless steel, which are substantially rectangular in shape and formed, as by deep drawing, with ribs as well as with a pyramid-shaped rim, also obtained by deep drawing, around their peripheries.
  • the plates are juxtaposed to one another into a stack of plates between which flow-through chambers are defined.
  • Each of the plates except an end plate, is provided with four openings located near the plate corners and being each surrounded by an embossed collar formed by deep drawing on either one or the other face of the plate for contacting a corresponding collar on an adjoining plate.
  • the plate rims and contact collars are joined together by a conventional brazing process to form two sets of chambers.
  • the plates have at least the sides 29,30 of greater length slighty rounded or convex, so as to form a conoidal rim.
  • the rim conoidal shape provides a more precise and tight coupling among juxtaposed rims and tightness of the brazed seam.
  • All the chambers in one set are communicated together through a pair of coaxial openings and form a circuit for a primary and a secondary flow, respectively, which will exchange heat in countercurrent relationship.
  • the exchanger is provided with a closing plate 2, shown in front view in Figure 1, which is juxtaposed to an underlying plate 5.
  • the plate has the same dimensions as the other plates of the exchanger but preferably increased thickness, e.g. of 0.8 mm, and is provided with a first opening 3 located near a corner (the upper left corner in Figure 1) of the plate.
  • the opening 3 is surrounded by a dimpled collar 4, formed by deep drawing, which is attached to a corresponding collar 6 of the adjoining plate 5 as by brazing.
  • this may be attached to the collar 6 of the plate 5 using a brazed-on ring of appropriate thickness therebetween.
  • An inside-threaded sleeve union 7 or another type of connection is attached to the closing plate 2, at the location of the opening 3, using known means such as a brazed joint.
  • the opening 3 provides an inlet route for sanitary fluid into a chamber formed between the plate 5 and an adjoining plate 8, as well as into all the chambers of one set.
  • the plate 2 is provided with a second opening 9, which is identical with the former and is also provided with a collar 10 and sleeve union 11, for discharging sanitary (heated) water from the chambers to the hot water distribution network.
  • the opening 9 is located near the opposite corner of the plate from that having the opening 3 nearby, so that the sanitary flow will be forced to flow through the exchanger chambers along the direction of greater spread of the chambers.
  • the plate 2 is provided with a third opening 12 for admitting primary fluid into the exchanger.
  • This opening 12 rather than lying coaxial with the exchanger openings arranged for that purpose, as indicated by the phantom line 13 in Figure 1, is provided at an offset location on the plate 2, a predetermined distance center to center from the opening 3 which is equal to the distance between centers separating corresponding sanitary and primary water outlets of a straight or three way switch valve to be coupled to the exchanger.
  • the opening 12 will locate close to the plate centerline.
  • the opening 12 is also surrounded by a collar 14, embossed on the plate and carrying a fitting 15 conventionally attached thereto as by brazing.
  • the fitting 15 comprises, as shown in Figure 2, an axial sleeve 16 provided with a clamp-down ring nut 17 and a but flange 18 co-operating with an abutment on the ring nut to form a but joint having a sealing gasket 118 therebetween.
  • the opening 12 constitutes an inlet route for primary water into the distribution chamber formed between the closing plate 2 and the adjoining plate 5.
  • the primary water can flow to the openings 13 in the exchanger and thence into the set of chambers for the primary flow.
  • the embossed collar 14 is lengthened to form an embossed channel 31 extending up to a plare zone juxtaposed to the openings 13.
  • the plate 2 is provided with a fourth opening 19 for letting out the primary water from the exchanger.
  • An inner insulation ring attached to the plate 2 and a collar of the plate 5 (in turn, attached to a corresponding collar on the plate 8) as by brazing, insulates the opening 19 of the distribution chamber while communicating it to the primary fluid chambers.
  • the plate 2 is provided with a sleeve union 20 similar to the sleeve 7 but provided of preference with an outside threadway for coupling to a primary fluid recovery pipe and directing the fluid to a delivery pump at the boiler.
  • the opening 19 could also be provided in an end plate remote from the plate 2.
  • a closing plate so constructed leads to the implementation of an assembly exchanger/switch valve (and more generally, a control device) which is easy to assemble and extremely compact, as illustrated by Figure 2.
  • the union 24 is juxtaposed axially to the sleeve 16, and the ring nut 17 is threaded onto the sleeve 24.
  • the primary flow is controlled internally of the body 21 by a shutter, not shown, which can be moved between two positions to direct the inflow to one or the other of the valve outlets according to its position setting.
  • the rod being slidable in a seat provided with sealing gaskets, will act on the shutter.
  • the outlet union 27 for the sanitary water from the actuator is threaded into the sleeve 7.
  • the distance between centers of the union 27 from the union 24, having parallel axes, is equal to the center-to-center spacing of the exchanger sleeves 7 and 16, whereby the coupling of the two elements, the exchanger and the switch valve, or more generally the flow control device, will be a direct one with no elbow fittings therebetween which would greatly increase the assembly bulk and make assembling and disassembling for maintenance more difficult.
  • the control device may include, additionally to local actuation mechanisms, devices for controlling remote elements, such as a microswitch 28 to be operated by the actuator 25 to control such remotely located elements as pumps and solenoid valves.
  • devices for controlling remote elements such as a microswitch 28 to be operated by the actuator 25 to control such remotely located elements as pumps and solenoid valves.
  • the system would expediently be operated for just those time periods while a demand for hot water exists.
  • the switch valve may be replaced by a valve mounted in the primary flow return line to the boiler and connected directly to the exchanger outlet for the primary flow, whilst the exchanger primary inlet would be connected directly to the boiler water system.
  • the closing plate can accommodate the distance between centers of the exchanger primary fluid outlet from the exchanger sanitary fluid inlet to enable direct coupling of the valve and its associated actuator to the exchanger.
  • valve could be connected directly to the exchanger primary fluid inlet by its primary fluid outlet.
  • the hydraulic actuator be supplied with cold sanitary fluid, and therefore, placed upstream of the exchanger, there would be no substantial objection to its installation downstream from the exchanger, and therefore, connected to the sanitary outlet of the exchanger.
  • the actuator could be, rather than of the hydraulic type, an electromechanical or thermomechanical or the like type driven by a flow rate sensor.
  • the closing plate with offset connection from corresponding openings in the exchanger plates would enable an integrated exchanger/control device assembly to be provided, with the device being connected directly to the exchanger with no intervening elbow connections or else into a compact and reliable arrangement, even if no direct connection need to be provided for the control device to the sanitary circuit of the exchanger, so that the closure plate could be formed, in the extreme, with one opening with an inlet/outlet fitting for direct connection to the control device while the other three inlet/outlet openings could be provided, along with their respective fittings, wholly or in part in the end plate of the exchanger plate bank opposite from the closing plate.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Steam Or Hot-Water Central Heating Systems (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Plattenwärmetauscher/Steuereinrichtungs-Anordnung (1,21) des Typs, bei dem eine Reihe von Platten (5) mit annähernd rechteckiger Form und vier Öffnungen in der Nähe ihrer Scheitelpunkte mehrere Wärmetauschkammern zum Tausch von Wärme zwischen einem Primärfluid bzw. einem Sanitärfluid bilden, die durch jeweils ein Öffnungspaar in zwei getrennte Sätze der Kammern eingelassen und daraus wieder abgelassen werden, wobei eine Steuereinrichtung (21) mit dem Tauscher (1) verbunden ist, um den Strom des Primärfluids in den Tauscher je nach Bedarf an abgelassenem Sanitärfluid zu steuern, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie umfaßt:
    eine Abschlußplatte (2) für den Tauscher (1), die durch Anordnung neben und Befestigung an eine erste (5) der Platten eine Verteilerkammer für einen der Fluide bildet, wobei die Abschlußplatte (2) versehen ist mit:
    einer ersten Öffnung (3), die mit einer entsprechenden Öffnung in der ersten Platte (5) fest und koaxial damit verbunden ist, um einen der Fluide in den/aus dem Tauscher einzubringen/herauszuführen,
    einer zweiten Öffnung (12), die von den Öffnung (13) in den Platten in einem Abstand vom Zentrum der Abschlußplatte, der kleiner ist als der Abstand der Öffnungen (13) vom Zentrum der zusammengehörigen Platten, und in einem bestimmten Abstand von der ersten Öffnung (3), versetzt ist,
    einem ersten (7) und einem zweiten (16) axialen Anschlußstück mit zur Abschlußplatte (2) senkrecht stehenden Achsen, die an der Abschlußplatte befestigt sind und jeweils koaxial zu der ersten (3) und zweiten (12) Öffnung zur lösbaren Verbindung mit einer Steuereinrichtung (21) befestigt sind, und
    eine Steuereinrichtung (21), die mit einem Primärfluid-Einlaß (22), mit mindestens einem Primärfluid-Auslaß (24), einem Sanitärfluid-Einlaß (26) und einem Sanitärfluid-Auslaß (27) versehen ist, und
    Steuermittel (25), die auf die Strommenge des Sanitärfluids durch die Steuereinrichtung ansprechen, um einen Strom des Primärfluids zwischen dem Primärstrom-Einlaß (22) und -Auslaß (24) bei einer Sanitärstrom-Menge über einem bestimmten Pegel zu ermöglichen, wobei der Primärstrom-Einlaß (22) oder -Auslaß (24) der Vorrichtung direkt über das entsprechende erste (7) oder zweite (16) axiale Anschlußstück mit der ersten (3) oder der zweiten (12) Öffnung in der Abschlußplatte (2) verbunden sind.
  2. Anordnung nach Anspruch 1, bei der eines von erstem (7) und zweitem (16) Anschlußstück eine erste, mit der Abschlußplatte (2) fest verbundene Buchse (7) enthält, die mit einem Innengewinde und einer Endauflage versehen ist, um mit einer mit einem Außengewinde versehenen Einheit (27) der Steuereinrichtung über das Gewinde im Eingriff zu stehen, wobei das andere (16) von erstem und zweitem Anschlußstück eine zweite mit der Abschlußplatte fest verbundene Buchse (16) enthält, und eine über die zweite Buchse angepaßte, nach unten festklemmbare Ringmutter (17), die mit einem Innengewinde und einer Auflagefläche versehen ist und mit einem ringförmigen Auflagebereich (18) der zweiten Buchse zusammenwirkt, um eine mit einem Außengewinde versehene Einheit (24) der Steuereinrichtung mit einer Dichtung (118) dazwischen zu verbinden.
  3. Anordnung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche 1, 2, bei der die Abschlußplatte (2) eine dritte Öffnung (19) darin aufweist, die von der Verteilerkammer in abdichtender Beziehung damit isoliert ist und sich in eine Wärmetauschkammer eines ersten der beiden Kammersätze öffnet, und ein drittes axiales Anschlußstück (20) mit einer zu der Platte senkrecht stehenden Achse aufweist, das mit der Platte fest verbunden ist und zu der dritten Öffnung (19) koaxial steht.
  4. Anordnung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Abschlußplatte eine vierte Öffnung (9) aufweist, die von der Verteilerkammer in abdichtender Beziehung damit isoliert vorliegt und sich in eine Wärmetauschkammer einer zweiten der zwei Kammersätze öffnet, und ein viertes Anschlußstück (11) mit einer zu der Abschlußplatte (2) senkrecht stehenden Achse aufweist, das zu der vierten Öffnung (9) koaxial steht.
  5. Plattenwärmetauscher (1) zur Bildung einer integrierten Tauscher/Steuereinrichtungs-Anordnung des Typs, bei dem ein Plattenstapel mit annähernd rechteckiger Form und vier Öffnungen in der Nähe ihrer Scheitelpunkte mehrere Wärmetauschkammern zum Tausch von Wärme zwischen einem Primärfluid und einem Sanitärfluid bildet, die durch jeweils ein Öffnungspaar in je zwei getrennte Sätze der Kammern eingelassen bzw. daraus abgelassen werden, wobei eine Steuereinrichtung (21), die mit dem Tauscher verbunden ist, den Strom des Primärfluids durch den Tauscher je nach dem Bedarf an abgelassenem Sanitärfluid steuert, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er umfaßt:
    eine Abschlußplatte (2) für den Tauscher, die durch Anordnung neben und Befestigung an eine erste der Platten (5) eine Verteilerkammer für einen der Fluide zwischen einer ersten Öffnung (12) in der Abschlußplatte (2) und einer Öffnung (13) in der ersten Platte (5) bildet, wobei die erste Öffnung (12) von den Öffnungen in den Platten (5) versetzt ist, und
    ein axiales Anschlußstück (16) mit einer zu der Abschlußplatte (2) senkrecht stehenden Achse, das daran zur lösbaren Verbindung mit einer ersten Einheit (24) der Steuereinrichtung befestigt ist.
  6. Plattentauscher (1) nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Abschlußplatte (2) mit einer zweiten Öffnung (3) versehen ist, die von der Verteilerkammer isoliert ist, zu einer Öffnung der ersten Platte (5) koaxial und mit dieser in Verbindung steht, und einem zweiten axialen Anschlußstück (7) mit einer zu der Ebene der Abschlußplatte (2) senkrecht stehenden Achse zur lösbaren Verbindung mit einer zweiten Einheit (27) der Steuereinrichtung, wobei die beiderseitigen Abstände zwischen dem Zentrum des ersten und zweiten Anschlußstückes (7, 16) festgelegt und gleich dem Abstand zwischen dem Zentrum der ersten und zweiten Einheit (24, 27) ist.
  7. Plattentauscher nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die durch die Abschlußplatte (2) und die erste Platte (5) gebildete Verteilerkammer mit dem Kammersatz des Tauschers für das Primärfluid in Verbindung steht und das zweite Anschlußstück (7) mit dem Kammersatz des Tauschers für das Sanitärfluid über die koaxiale Öffnung in der ersten Platte (5) in Verbindung steht.
  8. Plattentauscher nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die durch die Abschlußplatte (2) und die erste Platte (5) gebildete Verteilerkammer mit dem Kammersatz des Tauschers für das Sanitärfluid in Verbindung steht und das zweite Anschlußstück (7) mit dem Kammersatz des Tauschers für das Primärfluid über die koaxiale Öffnung in der ersten Platte (5) in Verbindung steht.
  9. Plattentauscher nach Anspruch 5, 6, 7, 8, wobei die Platten des Stapels und die Abschlußplatte (2) einen hohlgeprägten Rahmen aufweisen, wobei mindestens die längeren Seiten (29, 30) konvex sind und eine konusförmige Oberfläche bilden.
  10. Plattentauscher nach Anspruch 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, wobei die Abschlußplatte (2) einen hohlgeprägten Kanal (31) umfaßt, der sich zwischen der ersten versetzten Öffnung (12) und einem Bereich der Abschlußplatte erstreckt, der neben einer Öffnung (13) des Plattenstapels liegt.
EP93203712A 1993-03-05 1993-12-28 Steuereinrichtung für Plattenwärmetauscher und entsprechender Wärmetauscher Expired - Lifetime EP0614061B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITMI930427A IT1271978B (it) 1993-03-05 1993-03-05 Gruppo scambiatore a piastre dispositivo di controllo e relativo scambiatore.
ITMI930427 1993-03-05

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0614061A1 EP0614061A1 (de) 1994-09-07
EP0614061B1 true EP0614061B1 (de) 1998-01-28

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EP93203712A Expired - Lifetime EP0614061B1 (de) 1993-03-05 1993-12-28 Steuereinrichtung für Plattenwärmetauscher und entsprechender Wärmetauscher

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Country Link
EP (1) EP0614061B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69316734T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2088835T3 (de)
IT (1) IT1271978B (de)

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4427846C2 (de) * 1994-08-05 1997-07-31 Danfoss As Regeleinrichtung für die Temperatur des aus einer Wasserleitung entnommenen Wassers
SE9502189D0 (sv) * 1995-06-16 1995-06-16 Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance Plattvärmeväxlare
DE19906180C2 (de) * 1999-02-05 2003-02-06 Peter Rehberg Plattenwärmeübertrager für Warmwasserbereitung und -speicherung
FR2790073B1 (fr) * 1999-02-24 2001-06-08 Mer Joseph Marie Le Echangeur thermique a plaques, a vanne integree
FR2803025B1 (fr) 1999-12-22 2002-05-03 Mer Joseph Le Echangeur thermique a plaques, a clapet de decharge integre
FR2822217B1 (fr) 2001-03-16 2004-03-12 Andre Jean Crime Robinet de puisage d'eau chaude sanitaire moderateur de temperature sans melange eau chaude - eau froide
DE102004004975B4 (de) 2004-01-31 2015-04-23 Modine Manufacturing Co. Plattenwärmeübertrager
FR2967248B1 (fr) * 2010-11-10 2015-01-23 Valeo Systemes Thermiques Echangeur de chaleur fluide/fluide
US10876794B2 (en) * 2017-06-12 2020-12-29 Ingersoll-Rand Industrial U.S., Inc. Gasketed plate and shell heat exchanger
DE102022202732A1 (de) 2022-03-21 2023-09-21 Mahle International Gmbh Stapelscheiben-Wärmeübertrager für ein Thermomanagementmodul

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1223519B (it) * 1987-12-17 1990-09-19 Giorgio Scanferla Metodo e caldaia di tipo istantaneo per ridurre i tempi di attesa per l'erogazione di acqua calda sanitaria in occasione dell'attivazione della caldaia in particolare durante il periodo estivo
JP2737987B2 (ja) * 1989-03-09 1998-04-08 アイシン精機株式会社 積層型蒸発器
IE64054B1 (en) * 1989-06-22 1995-06-28 Terance Gerard Madigan A domestic water heating assembly

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69316734T2 (de) 1998-05-20
ITMI930427A0 (it) 1993-03-05
IT1271978B (it) 1997-06-10
ES2088835T3 (es) 1998-05-01
DE69316734D1 (de) 1998-03-05
ES2088835T1 (es) 1996-10-01
EP0614061A1 (de) 1994-09-07
ITMI930427A1 (it) 1994-09-05

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