EP0613721A2 - Procédé, son utilisation et dispositif de brayage et de traitement de produits de recyclage - Google Patents

Procédé, son utilisation et dispositif de brayage et de traitement de produits de recyclage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0613721A2
EP0613721A2 EP94810127A EP94810127A EP0613721A2 EP 0613721 A2 EP0613721 A2 EP 0613721A2 EP 94810127 A EP94810127 A EP 94810127A EP 94810127 A EP94810127 A EP 94810127A EP 0613721 A2 EP0613721 A2 EP 0613721A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
products
hot gas
drying
gas stream
separated
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP94810127A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0613721A3 (fr
Inventor
Herbert Strittmatter
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0613721A2 publication Critical patent/EP0613721A2/fr
Publication of EP0613721A3 publication Critical patent/EP0613721A3/fr
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/13—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft and combined with sifting devices, e.g. for making powdered fuel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/26—Details
    • B02C13/288—Ventilating, or influencing air circulation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
    • B02C23/18—Adding fluid, other than for crushing or disintegrating by fluid energy
    • B02C23/24—Passing gas through crushing or disintegrating zone

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for crushing and processing, for example. of waste of animal and / or vegetable origin.
  • the classic process engineering e.g. For the drying of solid substances, it is generally assumed that the starting product is shredded into a particle size that is optimal for drying. In many cases, the good particles have a given shape, size or structure that must not be destroyed by drying.
  • the drying system is equipped with correspondingly gentle moving or conveying means. This results in either a high expenditure for the preparation or very long preparation times. Both make installation and operating costs more expensive. In the field of recycling product recycling, such solutions are out of the question, otherwise the end product will become too expensive.
  • the invention was based on the object of reducing the outlay for processing a large part of recycling products, in particular also for waste of animal and / or vegetable origin, which as a rule have a very high water content, for example. for meat waste or vegetable or vegetable waste. Another part of the task was to obtain optimal end products with uncomplicated means.
  • the solution according to the invention is characterized in that the starting product is mechanically impact crushed in a hot gas stream and spun with the hot gas stream into a whirling chamber, with enough comminuted parts being discharged from the hot gas stream and separated therefrom, but insufficiently comminuted parts being recirculated in the whirling chamber and repeatedly being impact crushed.
  • the starting product consists of different substance categories, with at least two substance categories, e.g. separated by sieving or sifting.
  • the inventor has recognized that in many cases the waste is composed in such a way that comminution without preparation cannot lead to the goal. It is known that in so-called high-level milling, for the production of semolina and flour, the grain is added to the grain beforehand by repeated grinding and sieving, so that the grain shell acquires an elastic behavior during a 1 - 2 day rest period of the whole grain mass. The grain interior, on the other hand, maintains an emphatically crystalline behavior (starch crystals).
  • the starting product can have a high water content of, for example. 30% - 60% and with the hot gas flow e.g. be dried to a storage humidity.
  • the vortex chamber is preferably formed directly above an impact crushing rotor and under the inlet part of a drying storm, the insufficiently crushed parts repeatedly falling back on the impact crushing rotor by gravity until they are sufficiently crushed.
  • so-called wet products preferably wet recycling products, such as waste of animal and / or vegetable origin (optionally mixed with dry products), can be used to produce a meal or semolina as a finished or semi-finished product.
  • Potato and sugar beet pulp and other crops or fruit can be processed as wet raw materials (e.g. cabbage, cabbage, fruit such as apples, pears), as well as canteen kitchen waste and residues from cider plants.
  • Mixed grass, clover, reed grass can be used as "chopped grass”.
  • Cereals, maize, cereal by-products, bran or other dry, organic substances suitable for feeding to animals can be added to the starting product as dry products.
  • the wet raw materials and the dry products are preferably mixed to an average water content of 30% to 60% and a desired nutrient content and then, possibly after preheating, processed according to the invention.
  • the new method it is possible e.g. Mix potatoes or beet pulp (leached or unleached) and chopped grass with dry products, so that with 30% - 60% moisture of the starting product, a high-quality compound feed could be produced, which is not known in this way. It was interesting in all cases to observe that segregation, for example that the comminuted raw materials are carried out in a staggered manner, does not take place.
  • the flour or semolina produced is both a finished product and a semi-finished product.
  • Flour is bagged and sold as animal feed.
  • Semolina can be pressed into feed cubes in a feed press.
  • the shelf life of the end products flour, semolina or feed cubes corresponds to the shelf life customary for feed.
  • the material to be dried can be separated from the hot gas stream and passed through a separation device and a coarse fraction can be recirculated into the area of the impact comminution.
  • the new invention is based on the invention that the comminution work is usually only an intermediate step that is technically necessary.
  • the shredding requires a lot of energy if it takes place before or after drying. But this is in poor relation to the benefit. It is therefore proposed to put the waste in piece form directly into the hot gas stream and to carry out the comminution work in the hot gas stream itself which accelerates the drying process by repeated recirculation and impact crushing of the insufficiently comminuted parts. This has the great advantage that for the shredding work required energy can be kept small because the material is crushed wet and the heat generated can be used directly to accelerate drying.
  • the invention further relates to a device for carrying out the method and is characterized in that it has a centrifugal wheel with a hot gas supply channel and an enlarged swirl chamber arranged directly above it, which continues as a riser and is connected to a separating device.
  • the hot gas supply channel which is arranged vertically from top to bottom, is directly upstream of a flammable space of a controllable oil or preferably gas burner, arranged from the bottom upwards, in such a way that the heat effect of the flame cannot act directly on the material to be dried, and in the region of the swirl space an initial temperature of e.g. 400 ° C or higher is adjustable.
  • the drying tower is advantageously designed as a climbing sifter.
  • a flow rate of the drying gases corresponding to the floating speed of particles smaller than 2-3 mm and a temperature of the drying gases of 400 ° C. or more are selected for odor-intensive substances, preferably from 500 ° C. to over 600 ° C.
  • part of the fat is previously separated from meat waste with an excessively high fat content and at the same time the entire waste mass is preheated.
  • meat waste can also contain 20 - 50 vol. % ground grain (or its sub-products) are added, which absorbs the excess fat.
  • the separating device can have a cyclone for separating the dry material from the drying gas, furthermore a subsequent sieving device, which is preferably either via a return device for a coarse sieve fraction is led directly into the vortex room or back to the inlet for the starting product.
  • the swirl chamber is preferably arranged directly above the centrifugal wheel (1) and has guide walls for local recirculation of lumpy parts.
  • the vertical sifter can be connected to the swirl chamber for the recirculation of oversized parts via a return channel separated by a lock.
  • the gas treatment and the drying are set up as essentially vertically extending and compactly arranged process areas which are designed as an assembly in the sense of transport units. Viewed in a horizontal section, the burner chamber, hot gas supply duct and the riser form an angle in which a separator designed as a cyclone is arranged.
  • the invention further relates to the use of the method for preparing egg shells, for producing a fraction of egg membranes (cuticles) and lime (shell); or for the processing of recycled glass, bottles or broken glass, for the production of a granular glass fraction and the other foreign bodies or for the processing of organic products such as potato or sugar beet pulp as well as, if necessary, chopped grass and dry products for the production of animal feed.
  • Pretreatment or pre-shredding is e.g. not necessary in the case of glass preparation.
  • the resulting glass grains are smaller than the contaminants such as label residues (shredded paper), aluminum or plastic closures.
  • the glass grains are removed together with the impurities from the cyclone and then separated by sieving.
  • the glass powder obtained as sieve diarrhea can be used in road construction or for the production of artificial stone floor slabs.
  • the contaminants that form the screen discharge are stored or burned in landfills.
  • the egg shells are no longer processed but crushed and taken to the field. According to the invention, they are now comminuted with the hot gas stream without pretreatment.
  • the resulting lime powder and the egg skin are discharged together by the wind sifting and the cyclone. After the cyclone, the mixture of lime powder / single skin is separated over the drum screen.
  • Sieve diarrhea is the lime powder; Sieve the egg skin.
  • the lime flour is used as a raw material for the animal feed industry or as an auxiliary for other industries (e.g. tannery).
  • the egg skin is ground into flour and can be used as an additive for pet food.
  • FIG. 1 represents a preferred exemplary embodiment.
  • a rotating centrifugal wheel 1 with a swirl chamber 2 arranged directly above it.
  • the drying gases 3 are brought to the desired temperature by an oil or gas burner 4, for this purpose the burner flame 5 opens directly into a flame chamber 6 which extends vertically upwards and which is connected to a hot gas feed chamber 7 which is directed vertically downwards and directly into a comminution chamber 8 opens.
  • Pieces of waste 9 are, if necessary, reduced in a reducing device 10, for example in the manner of a meat grinder, and metered via a feed line 11, fed directly into the comminution space 8.
  • the waste 9 can be brought to a higher temperature by means of a heater 12.
  • the lumpy good parts 13 are comminuted by the centrifugal wheel 1 to a grain size 14 of approximately 2-3 mm.
  • the vortex chamber 2 opens directly into a drying tower 15, which on the one hand has a riser 16 and additionally a plurality of guide walls 17 or correspondingly formed channels and on the other hand a return channel 18.
  • the return duct 18 is blocked by a lock 19 for direct passage of the drying gases 3, so that the oversized parts are specifically returned to the swirl chamber 2.
  • the corresponding fraction with the hot gases can be passed into a cyclone 21, in which the drying material 22 is separated from the hot gases 3 ′ or conveying gases saturated and cooled with water.
  • the fuel supply can be regulated by means of appropriate control means and the amount of air can be adjusted by a fan 24.
  • the aim is to ensure that the entire facility is under vacuum in all operating states and that no gases escape. All processes are controlled by a controller 25.
  • the dry material 22 is passed via a lock 26 into a drum sieve 27, from which the fine fraction is fed to corresponding storage containers or further processing via a discharge line 28.
  • the screen rejection can be conveyed back into the swirl chamber 2 via a return line 29.
  • the drum screen 27 can be replaced by an equivalent device.
  • the dry material 22 can be fed from the lock 26 into a suction line which is acted upon by a fan and which also sucks in ambient air together with the dry material 22 in the area of the lock 26.
  • a second cyclone is connected to the suction line, which the dry material 22nd separates.
  • the ambient air drawn in by the suction line at the lock 26 cools the dry material 22 removed from the cyclone 21 so intensively that it can be fed directly to a further processing station, for example a bagging device, after the second cyclone.
  • a coarse part separator can be integrated in this equivalent device, from which coarse parts are conveyed back into the swirl chamber 2 via a return line (analogous to the return line 29).
  • the whole system has the particular advantage that all parts of the material to be dried only stay in the respective zone for as long as is absolutely necessary for shredding or drying.
  • the drying time required - which is much longer for large parts than for fine parts - there is an ideal dwell time for the goods, especially the fastest dried fine parts are removed immediately and no longer burden the drying process.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
EP94810127A 1993-03-02 1994-03-01 Procédé, son utilisation et dispositif de brayage et de traitement de produits de recyclage. Withdrawn EP0613721A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH619/93 1993-03-02
CH61993 1993-03-02

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0613721A2 true EP0613721A2 (fr) 1994-09-07
EP0613721A3 EP0613721A3 (fr) 1995-02-08

Family

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Family Applications (1)

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EP94810127A Withdrawn EP0613721A3 (fr) 1993-03-02 1994-03-01 Procédé, son utilisation et dispositif de brayage et de traitement de produits de recyclage.

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2004066743A1 (fr) * 2003-01-31 2004-08-12 David Kannar Granulation de legumes ameliores
WO2007090229A1 (fr) * 2006-02-07 2007-08-16 Horizon Science Pty Ltd procédé pour traiter un matériau afin de produire des particules d'une taille souhaitée
US20160249666A1 (en) * 2013-10-22 2016-09-01 Biovotec As Method of processing eggshell residues
CN110639656A (zh) * 2019-09-26 2020-01-03 张山 一种新型反击式破碎机

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB605478A (en) * 1945-08-21 1948-07-23 Johan Marten Pehrson Improvements in or relating to the drying of vegetable or other matter
US2793119A (en) * 1952-02-06 1957-05-21 John H Bruninga Process and apparatus for comminuting fodder
DE1209792B (de) * 1965-04-09 1966-01-27 Ley Maschf W Hammermuehle mit Geblaesefluegeln
DE1252046B (fr) * 1967-10-12
DE2126895A1 (de) * 1971-05-29 1972-11-30 Klöckner-Humboldt-Deutz AG, 5000 Köln Mahltrocknungsanlage
EP0053755A2 (fr) * 1980-12-08 1982-06-16 Edwin Eisenegger Procédé et installation pour le broyage à impact
WO1990005026A1 (fr) * 1988-11-03 1990-05-17 Akt Consultants Pty Limited Appareil et procede de sechage et de pulverisation de substances

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1252046B (fr) * 1967-10-12
GB605478A (en) * 1945-08-21 1948-07-23 Johan Marten Pehrson Improvements in or relating to the drying of vegetable or other matter
US2793119A (en) * 1952-02-06 1957-05-21 John H Bruninga Process and apparatus for comminuting fodder
DE1209792B (de) * 1965-04-09 1966-01-27 Ley Maschf W Hammermuehle mit Geblaesefluegeln
DE2126895A1 (de) * 1971-05-29 1972-11-30 Klöckner-Humboldt-Deutz AG, 5000 Köln Mahltrocknungsanlage
EP0053755A2 (fr) * 1980-12-08 1982-06-16 Edwin Eisenegger Procédé et installation pour le broyage à impact
WO1990005026A1 (fr) * 1988-11-03 1990-05-17 Akt Consultants Pty Limited Appareil et procede de sechage et de pulverisation de substances

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2004066743A1 (fr) * 2003-01-31 2004-08-12 David Kannar Granulation de legumes ameliores
WO2007090229A1 (fr) * 2006-02-07 2007-08-16 Horizon Science Pty Ltd procédé pour traiter un matériau afin de produire des particules d'une taille souhaitée
US20160249666A1 (en) * 2013-10-22 2016-09-01 Biovotec As Method of processing eggshell residues
CN110639656A (zh) * 2019-09-26 2020-01-03 张山 一种新型反击式破碎机

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EP0613721A3 (fr) 1995-02-08

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