EP0611848B1 - Procédé pour la construction d'ouvrages sous un talus de support d'une voie ferrée ou analogue - Google Patents

Procédé pour la construction d'ouvrages sous un talus de support d'une voie ferrée ou analogue Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0611848B1
EP0611848B1 EP19930402960 EP93402960A EP0611848B1 EP 0611848 B1 EP0611848 B1 EP 0611848B1 EP 19930402960 EP19930402960 EP 19930402960 EP 93402960 A EP93402960 A EP 93402960A EP 0611848 B1 EP0611848 B1 EP 0611848B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
frame
plate
cables
process according
cutting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19930402960
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0611848A1 (fr
Inventor
Jean Marie Beauthier
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freyssinet
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Individual
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Publication of EP0611848A1 publication Critical patent/EP0611848A1/fr
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Publication of EP0611848B1 publication Critical patent/EP0611848B1/fr
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/045—Underground structures, e.g. tunnels or galleries, built in the open air or by methods involving disturbance of the ground surface all along the location line; Methods of making them
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/005—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries by forcing prefabricated elements through the ground, e.g. by pushing lining from an access pit

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for making a passage or tunnel reserved for the movement of pedestrians or vehicles under a railroad or a working road or motorway roadway, which requires only a time-limited interruption of traffic on this track, the structure defining the passage to be constructed is prefabricated, if necessary carried out next to the track before it is temporarily cut to allow the excavation of the land forming the embankment of this track , said structure then being placed in the excavation thus created before the track or the roadway is reconstructed on top of this structure.
  • the invention relates more particularly to a process which allows, once the excavation cleared after sectioning the track, to bring the structure under the location of the latter in extremely short time, while allowing remarkable precision of its positioning , the land then being reconstituted on the structure before the track is reformed, allowing immediate resumption of traffic.
  • the invention relates to a construction method in which the structure to be placed under the track is formed by means of one, or even two frames, hollow and concrete, prefabricated, the frame being arranged in the first case on one side of the slope carrying the track and in the case of two homologous frames symmetrically of each other on each side of the median plane of this slope, parallel to the track, the single frame being placed transversely in the excavation or else the two frames meeting in the median plane so as to ensure the continuity of the passage under the track from one frame to another.
  • the state of the art can be represented by DE-A-2 148 366 in which a search is carried out after having cut the track, a single frame being progressively put in place in the passage thus cleared.
  • the present invention relates to a new method which combines the advantages of these two solutions, while eliminating the disadvantages that they can both entail in certain circumstances, depending on the nature of the terrain and the arrangement of the tracks under which a passage has been completed.
  • the process considered consisting of temporarily cutting the track to the right of the location provided in the embankment supporting this track for the passage to be carried out, and carrying out an excavation by excavating the ground in this location, is characterized in that it consists of previously manufacturing or disposing, on at least one side of the excavation, if necessary in each of the two sides of this on either side of the embankment and facing each other, at least one flat support and guide raft for each hollow concrete frame, the frame being carried by the raft outside the excavation, to set up, parallel to the lateral sides of the hollow frame, at least one traction cable, this cable being secured at one end to a fixed anchor point while the other end is in engagement with a jack carried by the frame, so that the tensile force exerted on the cable by the jack results, as a result of the reaction on the anchoring boss, by a pushing effect on the sliding frame gradually on the raft then on the ground of the excavation, to ensure its direct penetration into it, in front of the raft.
  • the process according to the invention thus consists in creating between the raft carrying the frame, the traction cables and the jacks which exert a force on these cables to move the frame with respect to the raft, a closed system of forces, allowing progressive and autonomous advance of the frame in the search until it is finally installed, by completely crossing this excavation in the embankment before the track is then reconstituted on top of the frame, or in the case of two symmetrical frames previously arranged on either side of this excavation , their mutual rimpedement until the moment when these executives meet in the middle of the work.
  • the method according to the invention eliminates the prior production in the excavation, on the ground thereof, of longitudinal beams transverse to the direction of the track extending through the slope and on which, according to the conventional process, the frame is slid, the production of these stringers, to give them a suitable straightness, being complex, long and expensive.
  • the flat base is arranged so as to make it comprise at least one boss constituting the anchoring point of the traction cable, this boss being arranged in the vicinity of the end of the raft directed towards the excavation.
  • the anchoring point is constituted by means of at least one solid mass, immobilized in the ground, disposed on the other side of the excavation relative to the raft, the traction cable extending through the excavation.
  • the method consists in associating each frame with at least two first parallel cables, extending respectively along each of the lateral sides of this frame.
  • each of the frames can be made to cooperate with four parallel cables, two to two symmetrical on either side of the median plane of the frame, the first two cables being arranged along its lateral sides outside the frame, while the second two freely pass through longitudinal passages provided inside the lower slab of the frame.
  • two anchoring points constituted by bosses provided on the raft on each side of the frame for a pair of parallel cables, and two other anchoring points constituted by two solid masses immobilized in the ground for the other pair of cables.
  • the cables of one of the pairs may be the first cables and those of the other pair the second, or vice versa.
  • the frame is associated with two first parallel cables, extending respectively along each of the lateral sides of this frame.
  • the frame can cooperate with four parallel cables, two to two symmetrical on either side of the median plane of the frame, the first two cables being arranged along its lateral sides outside the frame, while the two seconds pass freely through longitudinal passages provided inside the lower slab of the frame.
  • the cable anchoring bosses are formed in the front part of the slab, as close as possible to the sides of the excavation in the slope, the traction jacks being mounted in the rear part of the frame supported by this slab.
  • the raft comprises a sole, of rectangular profile, the width of which is substantially equal to that of the frame.
  • the raft is immobilized on the ground, on the side of the embankment supporting the track, by means of projecting parts suitable for being buried in the ground so as to constitute "spades" for anchoring this raft.
  • the raft is associated with anchor rods, one end of which is secured to the edge of the raft opposite the slope and the other end of which is embedded in a mass of concrete buried in the ground.
  • the frame made of concrete, laterally comprises external bosses allowing the mounting of the traction jacks, each external boss provided on the frame being disposed substantially opposite an anchoring boss of the apron carrying this frame. .
  • the cables used are multi-wire cables, the strands of which are integral at one of their ends with a bearing plate in abutment on the opposite face of the anchoring boss.
  • each raft has laterally raised edges for guiding the sliding frame thereon under the effect of the traction cables.
  • a layer of bentonite or other similar material is permanently injected between the lower face of each frame and the upper face of the raft, capable of lubricating the facing surfaces mutually.
  • the realization of such a passage is carried out in the following manner, the example given below relating to the implementation of a passage consisting of two precast concrete frames, homologous and arranged symmetrically on either side of the slope, these frames substantially joining in the median longitudinal plane of this slope extending parallel to the track.
  • the method applies equally well when the passage to be made is constituted by means of a single frame which extends entirely across the slope to form the passage in question on its own.
  • two support and guide rafts 3 are constructed on either side of the slope 2, only one of which is shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, these rafts being arranged facing one of the another vis-à-vis the median plane 4 of channel 1, as shown schematically in Figures 5 and 6.
  • Each raft 3 ( Figure 1) consists of a flat concrete base 5, preferably cast in situ and comprising projecting parts such as 6 extending under this sole to constitute spades for immobilizing the raft in the ground 7. Where appropriate, the raft is associated with anchor rods 8, one end 9 of which is secured to the edge of the raft and the other of which, which is buried in the ground, is blocked with respect to the latter by being submerged in a concrete block 10.
  • the sole 5 On its lateral sides, the sole 5 includes flanges 11 whose role will be explained below.
  • the slab 3 comprises, at the end of each rim 11, an anchoring boss 12.
  • a hollow frame 13 (see FIGS. 2 and 3), generally of rectangular cross section and comprising a lower slab 14, lateral sides 15 and 16 and an upper slab 17, parallel to the slab 14, the width of the frame 13 being substantially equal to that which separates, on the raft 3, the flanges 11 thereof, so that, once the frame 13 is put in place on the raft, this frame can slide on the latter, this sliding can be facilitated in particular by an injection between the sole 5 and the slab 14, between their opposite faces, of a bentonite grout or other similar product, ensuring a possibly useful lubrication during the relative movement of the frame on the raft, then on the ground in front of the raft as the frame moves away from it, as explained below after.
  • the frames 13 can, depending on the case, be manufactured on site or even be prefabricated and brought already formed on the site.
  • the lateral sides 15 and 16 of each frame 13 also have external bosses 18, disposed above the flanges 11 of the raft 3 when the frame rests thereon, in these conditions being substantially opposite and in the extension of the anchoring bosses 12 of this raft, provided at the end of the flanges, at the end of the raft facing the slope 2.
  • the bosses 18 of the frame are arranged so as to allow the mounting and the support of hydraulic jacks 19, intended to cooperate with traction cables such as 20, each of these cables, along the lateral sides 15 and 16 of the frame, having a end fixed on the corresponding boss 12 and being in engagement with the jack 19 so that the tensile force on the cable exerted by this jack causes, by reaction on the frame, a corresponding displacement of the latter vis-à-vis the apron in the direction of the slope 2.
  • the cables 20 are multi-wire cables, formed of a plurality of strands 21 arranged so that, at the end of the cable in the boss 12, they flourish in a recess 22 thereof to be fixed by means of locking keys 23 on a support plate 24, ensuring an adequate distribution of the forces created by the corresponding traction cylinder 19.
  • the frame 13 being placed on its slab 3, with a similar arrangement on each side of the slope 2 in the example more especially considered, being again reminded that the same process can be implemented with a single frame and a slab single arranged on one side of the slope, one then proceeds to the momentary sectioning of the track 1 and to the realization through the slope of a dig 25 whose transverse dimensions are substantially those of the frames 13 which, once put in place in this excavation, will delimit the passage made under the track.
  • Figures 5 and 6 make it easy to understand how the positioning of the two frames 13 is carried out on each side of the slope in the excavation 25, each of these frames being gradually and mutually ripped towards each other on the rafts 3 which support them, until these cables meet in the median plane 4 of the slope 2, ensuring the continuity of the passage, the ground on top of the upper slab 17 of each frame being able to be quickly replaced, before the channel 1 is reconstituted so as to allow the resumption of the traffic which was only interrupted during the operations of shifting of the frames as indicated above.
  • cables 20 arranged along the lateral sides 15 and 16 of each frame is sufficient to ensure satisfactory shifting of the latter, provision may be made according to other variants to improve the distribution of forces.
  • pushing on the frames using other traction cables for example such as 26 (see Figures 2 and 3), arranged in holes provided in the lower slab 14 of the frame 13 and anchored at the front of the slab 3 on abutment plates 27, arranged so as not to hinder the advance of the frame in the excavation 25.
  • These solid masses 28 consist in particular of two parallel bars, respectively 29 and 30, buried in the ground and provided at their upper part which is flush therewith with means for attaching the end of the cables 20, possibly 26, which allow , in the manner already explained, to exert on the frame 13 its progressive advance inside the excavation 25 by sliding on the raft 3.
  • These bars 29 and 30 can advantageously be immobilized in position by means of tie rods 31 whose ends are joined to blocks 32 of concrete or other, preventing their displacement and consequently the tilting of the blocks 28 under the reaction force due to the traction created by the cables 20 and 26.
  • the pairs of cables, respectively 20 and 26, provided along the sides and outside the frame 13 on the one hand, in the sole 14 of the frame on the other hand can be anchored at their ends directed towards the excavation 25, or on the bosses 12 provided on the strike off 3 as far as the cables 20 are concerned, the cables 26 being joined to the supports 28, that is to say all of them together on these supports, the strike off being in this case free of bosses 12 as shown in FIG. 7.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
  • Railway Tracks (AREA)
  • Devices Affording Protection Of Roads Or Walls For Sound Insulation (AREA)
EP19930402960 1993-02-19 1993-12-07 Procédé pour la construction d'ouvrages sous un talus de support d'une voie ferrée ou analogue Expired - Lifetime EP0611848B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9301939A FR2701734B1 (fr) 1993-02-19 1993-02-19 Procédé pour la construction d'ouvrages sous un talus de supprt d'une voie ferrée ou analogue.
FR9301939 1993-02-19

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0611848A1 EP0611848A1 (fr) 1994-08-24
EP0611848B1 true EP0611848B1 (fr) 1996-07-10

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19930402960 Expired - Lifetime EP0611848B1 (fr) 1993-02-19 1993-12-07 Procédé pour la construction d'ouvrages sous un talus de support d'une voie ferrée ou analogue

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0611848B1 (es)
DE (1) DE69303593T2 (es)
ES (1) ES2090923T3 (es)
FR (1) FR2701734B1 (es)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL1013611C2 (nl) 1998-11-18 2000-07-03 Hattum & Blankevoort Bv Werkwijze voor het maken van een onderdoorgang.

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2749331B1 (fr) * 1996-06-03 1998-09-11 Beauthier Jean Marie Dispositif pour la realisation d'un passage souterrain sous une voie de circulation
FR2777924B1 (fr) * 1998-04-23 2000-06-23 Jean Marie Beauthier Procede pour la construction d'un ouvrage sous un talus de support d'une voie ferree ou d'une chaussee
EP1820934A1 (en) * 2006-02-17 2007-08-22 Aix Research Limited Method and system for forming a tunnel beneath a travelway
CN105113423B (zh) * 2015-09-22 2017-06-09 中铁六局集团有限公司 一种铁路顶进框架桥桥枕更换施工方法
CN108930226A (zh) * 2018-08-20 2018-12-04 中铁六局集团天津铁路建设有限公司 利用接长滑板的方式顶进框架桥上箱体的施工方法
CN110359489B (zh) * 2019-07-03 2024-04-26 鞍山三冶建筑工程有限公司 一种大型预制管廊顶推施工结构
CN110359491B (zh) * 2019-07-03 2024-04-26 鞍山三冶建筑工程有限公司 一种大型预制管廊的安装平移装置
CN112502042A (zh) * 2020-10-27 2021-03-16 中建三局基础设施建设投资有限公司 一种提高大型框架桥顶进效率的施工方法
CN114718580B (zh) * 2022-04-19 2023-07-11 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 一种穿越巨型溶洞回填基础隧道结构及构造方法
CN115094778B (zh) * 2022-08-10 2023-01-06 北京城建设计发展集团股份有限公司 一种通过有粘结预应力筋及钢筋连接预制t型墩的方法

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT388004B (de) * 1984-07-20 1989-04-25 Stern & Hafferl Abstuetzeinrichtung fuer gleise
EP0245155B1 (fr) * 1986-05-09 1990-01-03 Jean Marie Beauthier Procédé pour la construction d'ouvrages sous des voies ferrées en exploitation
GB8927648D0 (en) * 1989-12-07 1990-02-07 Aeb Jacked Structures Ltd Improvements in and relating to forming a passageway through the ground

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL1013611C2 (nl) 1998-11-18 2000-07-03 Hattum & Blankevoort Bv Werkwijze voor het maken van een onderdoorgang.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2701734B1 (fr) 1995-04-07
ES2090923T3 (es) 1996-10-16
DE69303593D1 (de) 1996-08-14
EP0611848A1 (fr) 1994-08-24
DE69303593T2 (de) 1996-11-21
FR2701734A1 (fr) 1994-08-26

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