EP0601451A1 - Procédé de durcissement et éventuellement de lissage de pièces de machine et pièces fabriquées selon ce procédé - Google Patents

Procédé de durcissement et éventuellement de lissage de pièces de machine et pièces fabriquées selon ce procédé Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0601451A1
EP0601451A1 EP93119338A EP93119338A EP0601451A1 EP 0601451 A1 EP0601451 A1 EP 0601451A1 EP 93119338 A EP93119338 A EP 93119338A EP 93119338 A EP93119338 A EP 93119338A EP 0601451 A1 EP0601451 A1 EP 0601451A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
treatment
cementite
laser
temperature
power density
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP93119338A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0601451B1 (fr
Inventor
Georg Dr.-Ing. Barton
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Adam Opel GmbH
Opel Espana SLU
Original Assignee
Adam Opel GmbH
General Motors Espana SL
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0601451A1 publication Critical patent/EP0601451A1/fr
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Publication of EP0601451B1 publication Critical patent/EP0601451B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/06—Surface hardening
    • C21D1/09—Surface hardening by direct application of electrical or wave energy; by particle radiation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D5/00—Heat treatments of cast-iron
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/007—Ledeburite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/009—Pearlite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/30—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for crankshafts; for camshafts

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for hardening and possibly smoothing machine components by means of a beam causing surface heating of the respective component, such as. B. a laser beam, an electron beam or the beam of an arc lamp.
  • the present invention further relates to machine components which are produced or treated by the method.
  • so-called laser transformation hardening is known. Basically, a laser is used as a high-energy heat source for martensite hardening without melting the surface of the treated components. In other words, an operation similar to induction hardening is carried out. Examples of such processes can be found in US Pat. Nos. 4,304,978, 4,093,842 and 4,686,349 and German Patent 33 43 783.
  • Another category of processes includes laser layer melting.
  • a graphite layer applied to a substrate is melted into the layer.
  • carbides form.
  • carbon is introduced into the layer, which dissolves in the molten state, forms a mixed crystal and forms carbides on cooling with atoms of the substrate Cr, W, V, Mn, Fe, which in the form of granular or dendritic precipitates are present, for example TiC (if the substrate is a Ti material) from the dissolved graphite.
  • An example of this procedure can be found in DE-OS 35 45 128.
  • a high-power laser often a CO2 laser, is used.
  • DE-OS 39 32 328 a method for processing surfaces subjected to friction in internal combustion engines, in particular the cylinder surfaces of piston engines, is known, the surface being honed and additionally subjected to a laser beam treatment.
  • This laser beam treatment after prior honing is preferably carried out by a pulsed excimer laser, this treatment causing a surface evaporation of micro-grooves while maintaining the macro-grooves (oil-promoting honing grooves) without deliberate remelting.
  • DE-OS 39 32 398 mentions a non-deliberately produced "skin" in the nanometer range ( ⁇ 1 ⁇ m), ie in the order of 0.001 ⁇ m. Due to the extreme quenching rates, it is usually oversaturated or already amorphous and therefore possibly hard.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method of the type mentioned at the outset which enables the hardening and preferably also the simultaneous micro-smoothing of machine components, which either in the form of a hard cast part with a leather-buried structure or in the form of a steel part with pearlitic structure, the method being carried out in such a way that a new structure is achieved on the surface of the component, which not only offers a hard and preferably also a micro-smooth surface, but also does not require any reworking, but does not require any reworking for special purposes is excluded.
  • the invention provides that the respective component, which is either in the form of a part, such as a hard cast part with a leather-buritic structure or in the form of a steel part with a pearlitic structure, is treated with a high energy density, the surface layer extending into Near the melting temperature is briefly heated either continuously or by repeated pulses, so that a diffusion of the carbon from the cementite lamellae of ledeburite or pearlite into the soft interlamellar ferrite areas takes place in an edge layer.
  • the substrate surface with ledeburitic or pearlitic structure is therefore heated up to the vicinity of the melting point, although the surface can become doughy, but the surface geometry does not change due to melting of the surface.
  • the keeping at this temperature is chosen according to the invention in such a way that there is no complete dissolution of existing phase components or the formation of a homogeneous mixed crystal.
  • the invention produces an almost closed cementite surface instead of the pearlite in steel and pearlite areas in chilled cast iron through targeted selection of the power density and the duration of the local heating.
  • the choice of the power density and duration of the treatment is further made such that after the local warming up of the surface, the surface layer is self-quenched by the ambient temperature and the temperatures prevailing within the component, with a regression to the original phase state either not or only incompletely. This means that with a pearlitic or ledeburitic structure on the surface or on the surface layer, the cementite substance is mixed at the expense of the stoichiometric structure.
  • the structural component that locally becomes dough or melts is usually the areas between the large cementite lamellae and the pearlite.
  • the iron-carbon state diagram plays a crucial role, taking into account the imbalance conditions.
  • the treatment should be carried out in this way, that is, it should last so short that no homogeneities, e.g. austenitic mixed crystals, can form in the surface layer, whereby sufficient cementite germs must always be present in the surface layer and in the substrate, so that during quenching (self-quenching or possibly with the help of a cold jet) cementite and not residual austenite is always formed.
  • no homogeneities e.g. austenitic mixed crystals
  • the treatment can be carried out in this way, for example with a pulsed radiation source of high energy density, e.g. with an excimer laser that a pronounced evaporation (sublimation) and melting of a thin surface skin takes place, which leads to a pronounced micro-smoothing of the surface.
  • a pulsed radiation source of high energy density e.g. with an excimer laser that a pronounced evaporation (sublimation) and melting of a thin surface skin takes place, which leads to a pronounced micro-smoothing of the surface.
  • Typical values for the energy density used are in the range from 2 x 103 to 5 x 105 W / cm2.
  • the invention creates machine components which are either in the form of a hard cast part with a leather-buried structure or in the form of a steel part with a pearlitic structure, with the special characteristic that an almost closed cementite surface is present, the component having a surface hardness above 900 HV, preferably approximately 1100 HV and the cementite precipitation density in the interlamellar areas decreases continuously from the surface towards the matrix.
  • the component can be, for example, a camshaft or a rocker arm, but of course there are also many other conceivable machine components that can be treated according to the invention.
  • the treatment can basically be carried out in the air, at least with a laser beam or with an arc lamp, since there is little or no fear of oxidation processes. It may be useful to carry out the treatment with the selected jet type in a selected gas atmosphere in order to achieve special effects.
  • the treatment could be nitrogenous or CO2-containing atmosphere can be carried out when nitriding or carburizing the surface of the workpiece is additionally desired.
  • the invention is concerned with the surface treatment of machine components with a heterogeneous (over-, under- or -eutectic) cast structure, as shown in FIG. 1, or with over-, under- or -eutectoidal steel structure, so as shown in Fig. 3.
  • FIG. 1 shows a TIG-remelted tread of a cast iron camshaft with a hypoeutectic structure made of cementite flakes and fine pearlite.
  • the TIG remelting process represents a possible, but not absolutely necessary, pretreatment.
  • the cementite lamellae are the large-area islands, while the pearlite areas have the filigree structure.
  • a hard shell casting also provides a qualitatively similar structure.
  • a surface structure according to FIG. 2 is formed. From the structural components as in FIG. 1, ie from the cementite flakes and fine pearlite an almost closed layer of non-stoichiometric cementite has formed in the surface layer. It is characteristic of this treatment that the surface layer is briefly heated up to the vicinity of the melting temperature (continuously or by repeated pulses), so that the diffusion of the carbon from the cementite lamellae of ledeburite into the soft, interlamellar ferrite areas takes place in the surface layer.
  • the holding time at this temperature is chosen so that there is no complete dissolution of existing phase components and formation of a homogeneous mixed crystal.
  • a regression to the original phase state cannot take place or can only take place incompletely.
  • the cementite substance "blends", as can clearly be seen in FIG. 2, at the expense of the stoichiometric structure, combined with the effect of hardening the surface layer down to 1100 HV.
  • FIG. 3 shows a scanning electron micrograph of a eutectoidal structure of a steel with approximately 0.8% C.
  • ferrite as dark parts of the matrix
  • cementite as light parts of the matrix in a lamellar arrangement.
  • FIG. 4 After treatment with the excimer laser, as for the cast iron sample of FIG. 1, a microstructure builds up in the surface layer, as shown in FIG. 4.
  • the original cementite lamellae which are still visible as lighter cores, have "mingled" in a surface layer approximately 2 ⁇ m deep. Almost the entire surface layer consists of a cementite which is presumably not balanced and partly granular.
  • the brief heating of the surface layer up to the vicinity of the melting temperature (continuously or by repeated pulses of the laser) in a peripheral layer caused the carbon to diffuse from the cementite lamellae of pearlite into the soft, interlamellar ferrite areas.
  • the temperature reached in the vicinity of the melting temperature must be chosen so that there is no complete dissolution of existing phase components and formation of a homogeneous mixed crystal.
  • the self-quenching of the surface layer following the heat treatment prevents a regression in the original phase state.
  • an imbalance cementite with a higher volume than the original one arises.
  • Both the pearlitic and the ledeburitic structure therefore result in a "blending" of the cementite substance at the expense of the stoichiometric structure, combined with the effect of hardening the surface layer up to 1100 HV.
  • it is treated with both types of metal on the Surface to form an even closed non-stoichiometric cementite layer, which has a considerable improvement in the abrasive and especially the adhesive wear resistance in the run-in phase and in subsequent operation.
  • the invention therefore describes a method for the contactless production of thin wear layers, mainly by "blending" the cementite surface. This also improves the resistance to pitting and fatigue.
  • the invention includes at the same time smoothing the surface. This treatment can successfully replace mechanical microfinishing. Inlet wear is greatly reduced by smoothing.
  • the method also has the particular advantage that it can be easily integrated into existing production lines without great effort.
  • the ground ledeburitic cam surface of a camshaft is treated with a CO2 laser in CW operation (continuous, non-pulsed laser beam) with a rectangular beam cross-section of size 2 x 10 or 1 x 20 mm2 by rotating the camshaft under the laser beam.
  • the width of approx. 10 or 20 mm corresponds to the cam width of an NW with 4 or 2 valve technology.
  • the surface temperature in the area of liquidus solidus from 1150 to 1250 ° C (pasty state of the surface layer) is monitored with known "on line" temperature measuring systems.
  • the power density is 5 x 103 to 105 W / cm2. With the beam cross-section size mentioned, a laser power of 5 to 8 kW is required.
  • the speed of rotation of the camshaft is determined from the dwell time of the laser beam on the cam surface.
  • a dwell time (exposure time) of 0.3 to 10 s is required for a carbide layer thickness of 3 to 10 ⁇ m. If the treatment in pulse mode is carried out with a CO2 or Nd: YAG laser, at least 20% lower average power densities are required.
  • the ledeburitic cam tread of a die cast shell or edge layer remelted (TIG; laser, electron beam) rocker arm is treated with the electron beam to form a thin, but almost dense carbide wear layer.
  • TOG die cast shell or edge layer remelted
  • the e-beam with a beam diameter of 0.1 to 0.5 mm scans the entire cam running surface one or more times in a known manner. If the surface is scanned several times, an almost constant, average temperature of the surface, which does not exceed the liquidus, will also be maintained.
  • a deflection frequency of the e-beam of 100 to 500 Hz in the y-axis and a feed speed of the rocker arm in the x-axis of 5 to 60 mm / s are used, depending on whether preheating of the rocker arm has taken place beforehand or not.
  • the power of the electron beam gun required in the example was 3 kW (60 V, 50 A).
  • the advantage of the electron beam in this case is the high level of guidance and deflectability as well as the local repeatability of the treatment.
  • carbide layers of different thicknesses can be produced on a surface as required (customized layer thicknesses) without any special effort.
  • the laser power density is in the range 2 x 104 to 5 x 105 W / cm2 and in pulse operation with an average power density is at least 20% lower.
  • the radiation exposure time is comparable to that required for a ledeburitic structure (example 1). Although the liquidus solidus temperature is higher here, the diffusion rate is also higher depending on the temperature.
  • the carbide layer of the present invention It is characteristic of the carbide layer of the present invention that it is produced on existing wear-resistant ledeburite or pearlite, the wear resistance is improved and that the cementite precipitation density in the interlamellar regions always decreases from the surface in the direction of the matrix.
  • the exposure times of 0.017 to 0.026 S mentioned in the US patent are also not comparable with the values of 0.1 to 10 s mentioned in the present application.
  • the average power density for example in the case of an Nd: YAG laser with a beam cross section of 0.5 x 0.5 cm2 and an average power of 500 W, is of the order of 20,000 W / cm2 and therefore in a completely different range than in U.S. Patent No. 4,304,978.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
EP93119338A 1992-12-10 1993-12-01 Procédé de durcissement et éventuellement de lissage de pièces de machine et pièces fabriquées selon ce procédé Expired - Lifetime EP0601451B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4241527 1992-12-10
DE4241527A DE4241527A1 (de) 1992-12-10 1992-12-10 Verfahren zum Aufhärten und ggf. Glätten von Maschinenbauteilen sowie nach diesem Verfahren hergestellten Maschinenbauteilen

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EP0601451A1 true EP0601451A1 (fr) 1994-06-15
EP0601451B1 EP0601451B1 (fr) 2000-08-23

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DE (2) DE4241527A1 (fr)
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Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0789084A1 (fr) * 1996-02-06 1997-08-13 Aisin Aw Co., Ltd. Procédé de finissage de surfaces d'une pièce métallique et pièce obtenue
GB2316097A (en) * 1996-08-13 1998-02-18 Tochigi Fuji Sangyo Kk Hardened structural steel containing cementite
WO1998011262A1 (fr) * 1996-09-13 1998-03-19 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Arbre a cames resistant a l'usure et procede permettant de le produire
WO2000063890A1 (fr) * 1999-04-16 2000-10-26 International Business Machines Corporation Levier de chargement/dechargement pour lecteur de disque
WO2004003239A1 (fr) * 2002-06-27 2004-01-08 Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Procede pour lisser et polir des surfaces par traitement avec un rayonnement energetique
DE102007059299A1 (de) 2007-05-16 2008-11-20 Entex Rust & Mitschke Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Verarbeitung von zu entgasenden Produkten
DE102009009775A1 (de) 2008-02-22 2010-01-28 Entex Rust & Mitschke Gmbh Planetenspindel
DE102009013839A1 (de) 2009-02-20 2010-09-23 Entex Rust & Mitschke Gmbh Planetenspindeln
EP2335898A2 (fr) 2009-12-20 2011-06-22 Entex Rust & Mitschke GmbH Extrudeuse planétaire et méthode pour sa fabrication
CN104736290A (zh) * 2012-08-24 2015-06-24 山特维克材料科技山特维克表面解决方案部德国有限公司 用于在压模上制造光泽效应的方法
US11414718B2 (en) * 2017-06-01 2022-08-16 Andritz Ag Method for the surface treatment of a steel Yankee

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19959608B4 (de) * 1999-12-10 2008-07-03 Volkswagen Ag Vorrichtung zur Laserbehandlung von zylindrischen Innenflächen, vorzugsweise von Zylinderlaufflächen für Verbrennungsmotoren
DE10257165B4 (de) * 2002-12-02 2004-09-23 Cis Solartechnik Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung von Dünnschichtsolarzellen mit einer CuInSe2-Schicht auf einem metallischen, bandförmigen Substrat
DE102018108145A1 (de) 2018-04-06 2019-10-10 Volkswagen Ag Verfahren zur Bearbeitung von Oberflächen von mittels 3D-Druck gefertigten Bauteilen sowie ein solches bearbeitetes Bauteil

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US4093842A (en) * 1976-01-19 1978-06-06 General Motors Corporation Ported engine cylinder with selectively hardened bore
DE2940127A1 (de) * 1978-10-05 1980-04-17 Coherent Inc Verfahren und vorrichtung zur waermebehandlung
DE3343783C1 (de) * 1983-12-03 1984-07-05 M.A.N. Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nürnberg AG, 8900 Augsburg Verfahren zur Herstellung verschleissfester Zylinderlaufflaechen von Brennkraftmaschinen
DE3418555C1 (de) * 1984-05-18 1985-07-25 Audi AG, 8070 Ingolstadt Verfahren zum Umschmelzhaerten der Oberflaeche von Zylindern aus kohlenstoffhaltigem Gusseisen
DE3545128A1 (de) * 1985-01-04 1986-07-10 Rolls-Royce Ltd., London Verfahren zur haertung einer metalloberflaeche
DE3635751A1 (de) * 1985-10-21 1987-04-23 Honda Motor Co Ltd Abriebfestes gleitelement
US4686349A (en) * 1984-06-22 1987-08-11 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Apparatus for improving surface quality of rotary machine parts
DD204106B1 (de) * 1982-03-31 1988-02-03 Adw Ddr Verfahren zur oberflaechenhaertung von eisen-kohlenstoff-legierungen
DE3932328A1 (de) * 1989-09-28 1991-04-11 Opel Adam Ag Verfahren zur bearbeitung von durch reibung hochbeanspruchten flaechen in brennkraftmaschinen und vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens
DE3626799C2 (fr) * 1985-08-08 1992-01-09 Toyota Jidosha K.K., Toyota, Aichi, Jp
WO1992018653A1 (fr) * 1991-04-12 1992-10-29 Mli Lasers Procede de refusion de surfaces metalliques par laser

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DE2940127A1 (de) * 1978-10-05 1980-04-17 Coherent Inc Verfahren und vorrichtung zur waermebehandlung
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DE3343783C1 (de) * 1983-12-03 1984-07-05 M.A.N. Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nürnberg AG, 8900 Augsburg Verfahren zur Herstellung verschleissfester Zylinderlaufflaechen von Brennkraftmaschinen
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DE3545128A1 (de) * 1985-01-04 1986-07-10 Rolls-Royce Ltd., London Verfahren zur haertung einer metalloberflaeche
DE3626799C2 (fr) * 1985-08-08 1992-01-09 Toyota Jidosha K.K., Toyota, Aichi, Jp
DE3635751A1 (de) * 1985-10-21 1987-04-23 Honda Motor Co Ltd Abriebfestes gleitelement
DE3932328A1 (de) * 1989-09-28 1991-04-11 Opel Adam Ag Verfahren zur bearbeitung von durch reibung hochbeanspruchten flaechen in brennkraftmaschinen und vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens
WO1992018653A1 (fr) * 1991-04-12 1992-10-29 Mli Lasers Procede de refusion de surfaces metalliques par laser

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Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0789084A1 (fr) * 1996-02-06 1997-08-13 Aisin Aw Co., Ltd. Procédé de finissage de surfaces d'une pièce métallique et pièce obtenue
GB2316097A (en) * 1996-08-13 1998-02-18 Tochigi Fuji Sangyo Kk Hardened structural steel containing cementite
GB2316097B (en) * 1996-08-13 1999-06-23 Tochigi Fuji Sangyo Kk Structural steel and structural steel member used under high surface pressure
WO1998011262A1 (fr) * 1996-09-13 1998-03-19 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Arbre a cames resistant a l'usure et procede permettant de le produire
US6398881B1 (en) 1996-09-13 2002-06-04 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Wear-resistant camshaft and method of producing the same
WO2000063890A1 (fr) * 1999-04-16 2000-10-26 International Business Machines Corporation Levier de chargement/dechargement pour lecteur de disque
WO2004003239A1 (fr) * 2002-06-27 2004-01-08 Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Procede pour lisser et polir des surfaces par traitement avec un rayonnement energetique
US7592563B2 (en) 2002-06-27 2009-09-22 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Foerderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V. Method for smoothing and polishing surfaces by treating them with energetic radiation
DE102007059299A1 (de) 2007-05-16 2008-11-20 Entex Rust & Mitschke Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Verarbeitung von zu entgasenden Produkten
DE102009009775A1 (de) 2008-02-22 2010-01-28 Entex Rust & Mitschke Gmbh Planetenspindel
DE102009013839A1 (de) 2009-02-20 2010-09-23 Entex Rust & Mitschke Gmbh Planetenspindeln
EP2335898A2 (fr) 2009-12-20 2011-06-22 Entex Rust & Mitschke GmbH Extrudeuse planétaire et méthode pour sa fabrication
CN104736290A (zh) * 2012-08-24 2015-06-24 山特维克材料科技山特维克表面解决方案部德国有限公司 用于在压模上制造光泽效应的方法
US11414718B2 (en) * 2017-06-01 2022-08-16 Andritz Ag Method for the surface treatment of a steel Yankee

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Publication number Publication date
ES2151496T3 (es) 2001-01-01
EP0601451B1 (fr) 2000-08-23
DE4241527A1 (de) 1994-06-16
DE59310090D1 (de) 2000-09-28

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