EP0592344B1 - Launching apparatus for clay pigeon targets - Google Patents

Description

The subject of the invention is an apparatus for launching targets or mobile targets for sport shooting.

More specifically, the object of the invention is to provide an improvement in the supply of moving targets or targets.

This improvement relates to a device for distributing said plates or targets, so that the breakage of the latter is as limited as possible.

• le document FR-A-2.445.506 concerne un chargeur qui comprend un organe de transfert situé dans le plan d'un étage de réception intermédiaire et soumettant chaque cible à un déplacement linéaire jusqu'à l'aplomb du bras de lancement d'une part, et un moyen de guidage porté par le bras, d'autre part.
• le document FR-A-2.419.500 concerne un chargeur qui comprend une platine, une tourelle montée tournante sur la platine et composée de n magasins, un dispositif de distribution à galet monté sur la platine, un ensemble de transfert suspendu entre la platine et le bras de lancement et un dispositif d'entraînement en synchronisme de la tourelle et de l'organe mobile de l'ensemble de transfert.
• le document FR-A-2.308.080 concerne une installation qui comprend un poste de cible et un poste de tir, une glissière transversale perpendiculaire au sens de tir, un chariot de cible mobile le long de la glissière entre deux positions extrêmes, et un dispositif d'entraînement transversal pour déplacer le chariot dans les deux sens sur la glissière.

The state of the art can be defined by the following documents:

• the document FR-A-2,445,506 relates to a loader which comprises a transfer member situated in the plane of an intermediate reception stage and subjecting each target to a linear displacement until the vertical line of the launching arm of a on the other hand, and a guide means carried by the arm.
• the document FR-A-2,419,500 relates to a charger which comprises a plate, a turret rotatably mounted on the plate and composed of n magazines, a roller distribution device mounted on the plate, a transfer assembly suspended between the plate and the launch arm and a drive device in synchronism of the turret and the movable member of the transfer assembly.
• the document FR-A-2.308.080 relates to an installation which comprises a target station and a shooting station, a transverse slide perpendicular to the firing direction, a target carriage movable along the slide between two extreme positions, and a transverse drive device for moving the carriage in both directions on the slide.

Between the posts is a target transport system that connects to one end of the slide, and the cart can move from the slide to the system and vice versa. The system includes a longitudinal drive device for moving the carriage in both directions between stations.

• the document FR-A-2.266.139 relates to a raceway constituted by a profile whose core is vertical carried by posts whose feet are made integral with a profile whose core is placed horizontally on the ground.

The same profile is used, a first time vertically to support the running rails and a second time to hold the feet of the posts. The height of the vertical profile is adjustable. No screws or nuts are required for mounting. Usable for moving moving targets, for target reminders, without being limiting.

Document FR-A-2.114.069 relates to a projector for launching targets, comprising a magazine, a feed plate, a launch arm, a spring and means actuated by a motor to move the plate and rotate the arm by stretching the spring, the movement of the feed plate is positively controlled by a cam means provided on the external surface of a rotary cylindrical member driven by the motor, said member comprising a drive finger which cooperates with the launch arm for rotating the latter during the loading phase and the launch arm being mounted so as to rotate freely relative to the cylindrical member during the launch phase.

Finally, document GB-2,223,415 describes the launch of clay pigeons and its content is taken from the preamble of independent claim 1.

It is characterized by the fact that its launching platform 20 is mobile. Said launch pad 20 is movable vertically. To this end, it comprises a cylindrical support 28 in which is mounted a pin 24 which can be moved according to arrows E and D in a vertical plate comprising an S-shaped light 22 which makes it possible to change the level according to arrows K and H said launching platform 20. Thus maneuvered by this axis 24 in the light 22, the platform can find two positions, a high position according to arrow H, a low position according to arrow K.

All of these launching devices have mobile target storage devices; these are generally stacks of said targets on top of each other.

These devices also have devices for receiving the targets which are to be launched.

Between these two types of devices, storage on the one hand and reception on the other hand, there is a space that the targets pass by simple gravity.

However, some targets more fragile than others, by design or by manufacturing problems, do not support this air transition, and break, which leads to many problems.

The devices of the state of the art do not effectively respond to the problems listed above because the use of gravity, to drop the targets, is always used in the manner described above, for example, they offer devices for transfer of targets that have linear displacements.

The essential object of the present invention is to propose an improvement which still uses gravity, but without any risk of deterioration for the displaced targets.

To this end, the target launching device for shooting, the speed and distance of which are variable, is of the type using a rotating barrel on which moving targets are loaded; the moving targets are superimposed on each other in columns, held by vertical tubes or rollers, arranged between an upper bored holding plate or having radiating arms for storing the moving targets and a lower holding plate bored at each column of targets, or having radiating arms between each column of targets; said lower plate being in an upper and parallel position with respect to a fixed base plate which has a single bore in order to allow the passage of mobile targets which are received on a launching plate placed in front of an ejection arm, one or more motors ensuring the rotation of the barrel and the movement of the ejection arm characterized in that said launching plate consists of a mobile launching ramp articulated along a transverse pivot axis.

The target launching apparatus is further characterized by the fact that the launching pad is composed in the same plane of a fixed launching ramp and of a mobile and articulated launching ramp, according to a pivot axis, said axis is horizontal and perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of said launching pad; the upper faces of said ramps are at the same lower height and parallel to the trajectory of the assembly of the ejection arm.

The apparatus is further characterized by the fact that the transverse pivot axis is directed substantially in the direction of the axis of rotation of the ejection arm, so that the mobile and articulated launching ramp pivots between two extreme positions, a position pivoted by an angle α where one of the two ends of said mobile launching ramp is opposite and at the level of the bore formed in the base plate in order to receive at least one target coming from the rotary barrel, said target being intended to be launched, and a launch position where the mobile launching ramp is at a lower height but parallel to the trajectory of the entire ejection arm.

The apparatus is also characterized by the fact that the mobile and articulated launching ramp has in its lower part a longitudinal tilting axis, said axis being substantially parallel to the tangent of the trajectory of the ejection arm at the level of the ramp. mobile launch, so that said mobile and articulated launch ramp switches between two extreme positions, a launch position where the mobile launch ramp is at a lower height and parallel to the trajectory of the entire ejection arm, and a tilted position where the ramp is tilted by an angle β along the tilt axis.

Another advantage of using the mobile ramp is to facilitate the evacuation of target debris which, despite all the precautions taken, would have broken.

The articulated mobile ramp cooperates with a guide element which acts as a slide.

This slide is itself adjustable in arc and radius.

It is itself arched or comma-shaped.

This slide is itself integral with the launching platform.

In the case where the targets used always have the same dimensions such as: diameter, thickness, the slide is adjusted to the correct height adequate to cooperate with the rim of the target.

In reality, targets have several origins, several dimensions.

In addition, it may be interesting for the shooter to launch small targets such as "mini" whose dimensions are 90 millimeters (mm) in diameter, 24 mm in height and a weight of 70 grams (g) or "bumblebees" whose dimensions are as follows, 60 mm in diameter, 20 mm in height and a weight of 36 g.

It can also be launched two targets at the same time which do not have the same dimensions.

The slide must therefore ensure its guiding function whatever the size of the targets and whatever the angle of the articulated mobile ramp.

The invention tends to solve this problem.

According to another embodiment, the guide slide is made from two slides, a fixed slide and an articulated slide.

The fixed slide is parallel to the plane of the launch pad.

The articulated slide remains parallel to the plane of the mobile launching ramp.

The articulated slide extends the fixed slide but it is articulated by a pivoting axis, its end in contact with the articulated mobile launching ramp ensures the movement simultaneously with said ramp.

The contact of the articulated slide and the articulated mobile ramp is ensured by holding fingers arranged on either side of each face of said ramp.

The articulated mobile ramp is provided with several orifices at its periphery which allow the establishment of a stop for the targets. Said stopper is a curved piece such as a hook, one part of which is fixed to the chassis of the apparatus and the other part of which can be disposed in one of the orifices of the mobile ramp. articulated chosen according to the dimensions of the chosen targets.

This hook-shaped stop is arranged under the movable ramp, its end acting as an actual stop passes right through the chosen orifice of the articulated movable ramp.

The return of the hook has a sufficient height to be able to leave free passage for the pivoting of the articulated mobile ramp.

The fixed retaining slide is held by fasteners such as screws, rivets, pins, etc.

The attached drawings are given as indicative and non-limiting examples. They will allow the invention to be easily understood.

Figure 1 shows the ejection arm and the control mechanism of the pivot axis.

FIG. 2 represents a top view of the mobile and articulated launching ramp when the ejection arm is upstream of said ramp with respect to the trajectory for throwing targets, the ramp being in the position for receiving a target.

FIG. 3 represents a top view of the mobile and articulated launching ramp when the ejection arm is above said ramp in position just before the ejection of the target.

FIG. 4 is a section along N-N in FIG. 2.

FIG. 5 is a section along M-M of FIG. 3.

Figure 6 is a section through the mobile and articulated launching ramp and the lower part of the rotary barrel, said ramp being pivoted about its pivot axis in order to receive a target as well as the movement of this target.

FIG. 7 is a top view of the ramp according to FIG. 6.

FIG. 8 is a section at the level of the mobile and articulated launching ramp and of the lower part of the rotary barrel, said ramp being in the launching position of the target whose movement is presented.

FIG. 9 is a top view of the ramp according to FIG. 8.

Figure 10 is a top view of the launch pad mobile and articulated in a position for receiving two targets as well as the movement of these targets.

Figure 11 is a section along P-P of Figure 10, of the mobile and articulated launching ramp comprising two axes, one for pivoting, the other for tilting.

Figure 12 is a partial sectional view of the target supply barrel, the launching plate, the articulated mobile ramp of the target holding stop on said ramp.

FIG. 13 is a plan view showing the launching arm, the launching plate, the fixed guide slide and the articulated guide slide.

FIG. 14 is a view in longitudinal section of the launching platform and of the articulated mobile ramp, in the coplanar position, of the holding slides and of the stop.

Figure 15 is a view according to Figure 14, but where the articulated movable ramp is inclined.

Figure 16 is a side view of the holding rails (fixed and articulated) showing their point of attachment and articulation.

FIG. 17 is a sectional view along the axis C-C shown in FIG. 18.

Figure 18 is a plan view of the holding rails (fixed and articulated) showing their point of attachment and articulation.

FIG. 19 is a sectional view along the axis A-A shown in FIG. 18.

FIG. 20 is a sectional view along the axis B-B shown in FIG. 18.

Figure 21 is a side view of the holding slide which is hinged.

Finally, Figure 22 is a view of the slide according to Figure 21 but seen from above.

According to Figure 1, an important element of the devices for launching trays or moving targets 2 is shown.

It is the ejection arm 7, which is integral with its axis of rotation 11.

A circular arrow moreover shows the rotational movement which is exerted on said arm 7 with respect to its axis 11.

Located below the arm 7 and the axis 11 but still integral, a pivoting cam 13 makes it possible to generate a pivoting movement, as represented by the two arrows in opposite directions, on a roller 14 integral with the ramp of mobile and articulated launch, which is not shown here.

FIG. 2 provides a better understanding of where the element of FIG. 1 is located in relation to the launching pad 6.

The launching platform 6 is formed by two launching ramps, one which is mobile and articulated 8 and the other which is fixed 9.

The roller 14 is fixed to the movable ramp 8 by its axis, but it is shown in dotted lines because the pivot cam 13 is placed above the latter.

Still shown in dotted lines, the pivot axis 10 of the mobile and articulated launch pad 8 is positioned in the middle position.

The functions of these different parts will be more explicitly developed in the sections of Figures 4 and 5. In this figure, the ejection arm 7 is in the standby position and four elements are present to allow the proper functioning of this launching device .

It is the retaining finger 15, the spring 16, a slide 17 and the stop 18.

This stop 18 is adjustable, moreover several positions can be given to it according to the different small holes which are placed next to said stop 18.

This is due to the fact that currently, there are mainly two types of clay trays or pigeons: the French or European tray, which has a diameter of 110 mm, and the American tray, which has a diameter of 107.5 mm. . This difference in diameter poses problems when using the same launcher.

According to Figure 3, the ejection arm 7 has rotated about 90o about its axis of rotation 11 and comes to take the position which is hers.

Figures 4 and 5 provide a better understanding of what has been described above.

In FIG. 4, the roller 14 is in contact with the highest part in the figures of the cam 13.

There is therefore a pivoting of the entire ramp of mobile launch 8 around its axis 10 under the effect of the spring 16.

The fixed launch pad 9 is always parallel to the cam 13, which causes asymmetry in the launch pad 6, which is not uniformly flat.

Figure 5 is very different.

As FIG. 3 shows, only the ejection arm 7 has been moved and therefore all the elements which are integral with said arm 7.

Such is the case of the cam 13, which has moved, and the lowest part of which in the figures is now in contact with the roller 14, which allows the mobile and articulated launching pad 8 to pivot around its axis 10 against the force exerted by the spring 16, and thus come to be positioned in the extension of the fixed launching ramp 9.

The launching plate 6 is uniformly flat, while the ejection arm 7 is in the position to launch from a target.

The target launching apparatus is therefore characterized by the fact that the mobile launching ramp 8 has, in its downstream part relative to the direction of launching targets 2 and in its lower part, a roller 14 which cooperates with a cam 13 secured to the ejection arm 7, and in its upstream part relative to the direction of throwing targets 2, a spring 16; so that when the roller 14 is in contact with the part of the cam 13 furthest from the pivot axis 10, the spring 16 brings said movable ramp 8 into the pivoted position, while when the roller 14 is in contact with the part of the cam 13 closest to the pivot axis 10, said cam 13 pivots the movable ramp 8 around the pivot axis 10, and brings it into the launch position, that is to say say that the upper face of said movable ramp 8 is at the same height level as the upper face of the fixed launch ramp 9 which is downstream of the mobile ramp 8 relative to the direction of launching targets.

Figure 6 shows the use made of the inclination of the movable ramp 8 by the play of the spring 16 and the cam 13, not shown here.

The launching plate 6 is therefore constituted by the fixed ramp 9 which is parallel to the lower plate 4 of the barrel rotary 1, but also by the mobile ramp 8, the downstream end of which is positioned at height and facing the bore 5 of the launching plate 4.

Said plate 4 supports columns 3 of mobile targets 2 parallel to each other.

In this position, the penultimate target 2 is held in the rotating barrel 1, while the last target 2, by simple gravity, falls on the downstream end of the mobile ramp 8 from a very low height, without any risk to break.

Once the part of said movable ramp 8 has been swallowed in the high position, the target 2, still by gravity, will slide against the stop 18, the position of which has been adjusted as a function of the diameter of the target 2.

FIG. 7 shows the same phenomenon, seen from above, that is to say without the rotary barrel 1.

The target 2 slides on the mobile ramp 8 until the stop 18.

So that this target 2 is well positioned, the slide 17 orients the target 2 so that it does not come out of the ramp 8 and the wedge with the help of the stop 18.

The mobile and articulated launch pad 8 has, in its upstream part, different holes 21 which allow the fixing of at least one stop 18 adjustable in position.

FIG. 8 shows the phase which follows that which has been described in the two preceding figures.

The mobile launching ramp 8, under the effect of the displacement of the ejection arm 7 and of the cam 13 around their axis of rotation 11, is placed parallel to the lower plate 4, ie at the level of the fixed ramp 9 .

On the other hand, the target 2 is then moved downstream of the movable ramp 8, in order to come into contact with the retaining finger 15.

The launch pad 6 has a target holding finger 15 which is movable in rotation relative to its axis, and can return to its initial position by means of a spring.

According to FIG. 9, the target 2, just before launching, is held in position on the launching platform 6, by the ejection arm 7 which can pass above the stop 18, by the retaining finger 15, and finally by the guide element 17, the respective heights of which are less than the space which exists between the upper face of the launching plate 6 and the trajectory of the ejection arm.

The role of the retaining finger 15 is to ensure good contact between the target 2 and the ejection arm 7 just before the launch itself.

This allows to limit the breakage to a minimum.

With FIGS. 10 and 11, the apparatus for launching targets 2 can be used for throws each comprising two mobile targets 2.

To achieve this result, and according to FIG. 11, another axis, known as the tilting axis 12 makes it possible, thanks to a cam-roller 19, to tilt the entire mobile ramp 8 towards the interior of the device, it that is to say in the direction of the axis of rotation 11 of the ejection arm 7.

In other words, the operation of the pivot axis 10 is always the same, except that before reaching the launch this movement is carried out twice.

Inserted between these two movements, the tilting movement allows the first target 2, received on the mobile ramp 8, to be offset towards the axis of rotation 11 and thus not to hinder the arrival of the second target 2 at side of the first target 2 already in place.

Only then, the ejection arm 7 which had been disengaged from the cam 13, comes into contact with the two targets and slides them to the retaining finger 15.

In order for all of this to be achievable, it is necessary to use, in place of the stop, a stop element 20 which uses the different fixing points of the adjustable stop.

The abutment element has such a shape that it is impossible for the first target 2 which undergoes lateral tilting to fall to the ground; thus, said stop member 20 is L-shaped.

The use of the stop element 20, for a throw from a single target 2, is of course possible.

In the same way, to arrive at positioning two targets 2, one next to the other, the slide 17 is adjustable in arc and in radius relative to the axis of rotation 11 of the ejection arm 7; said slide 17 is installed laterally on the outside of the mobile launching ramp 8.

Finally, to further facilitate the movement of targets 2 on the mobile ramp 8, the adjustable slide 17 is arcuate.

The target launching device is of the type composed of a rotary barrel 31 for automatic feeding of targets 32, the moving targets 32 are arranged in columns maintained by vertical rollers between an upper plate and a lower plate 33, known means supply the targets 32 to the launching platform 34 by a mobile launching ramp 35 and articulated along a hinge axis 49, said mobile launching ramp 35 is provided laterally on the outside of an adjustable arcuate slide 36 in arc and in radius with respect to the axis of rotation of the ejection arm.

The guide slide is made from two slides, a fixed slide 36 and an articulated slide 37.

The fixed slide 36 is parallel to the plane of the launch plate 34.

The articulated slide 37 remains parallel to the plane of the mobile launching ramp.

The articulated slide 37 extends the fixed slide 36 but it is articulated by a pivoting pin 38, its end in contact with the articulated mobile launching ramp 35 ensures movement simultaneously with said ramp.

The contact of the articulated slide 37 and of the articulated movable ramp 35 is ensured by holding fingers 39, 40 arranged on either side of each face of said ramp.

The articulated movable ramp 35 is provided with several orifices 41, 42, 43 at its periphery which allow the establishment of a stop 44 for the targets 32. Said stop 44 is a curved part such as a hook, part of which 45 is fixed at the level of the axis 49 of articulation of the mobile ramp 35 and the other part 46 of which can be disposed in one of the orifices of the articulated mobile ramp 35, chosen as a function of the dimensions of the targets chosen.

This hook-shaped stop 44 is disposed under the movable ramp 35, its end 46 acting as an actual stop passes right through the chosen orifice of the articulated movable ramp 35.

The return of the hook 46 has a sufficient height to be able to leave free passage for the pivoting of the articulated mobile ramp 35.

The fixed retaining slide is held by fixings 47, 48 such as screws, rivets, pins, etc.

REFERENCES

1.

Rotating barrel

2.

Moving targets

3.

Target columns

4.

Lower shelf

5.

Base plate bore

6.

Launch pad

7.

Ejection arm

8.

Mobile and articulated launching ramp

9.

Fixed launching ramp

10.

Swivel axis

11.

Rotation axis

12.

Tilt axis

13.

Swivel cam

14.

Pebble

15.

Holding finger

16.

Spring

17.

Slide

18.

Stopper

19.

Roller cam

20.

Stop element

21.

Holes

31.

Rotating barrel

32.

Moving targets

33.

Lower shelf

34.

Launch pad

35.

Mobile launching ramp

36.

Adjustable arched slide or fixed slide

37.

Articulated slide

38.

Swivel axle

39.40.

Holding fingers

41, 42, 43.

Ports

44.

Stopper

45.

Hook part

46.

Other part of the hook

47, 48.

Fasteners

49.

Axis of rotation of the mobile launching pad 35

Claims (14)

1. Apparatus for launching targets for trap shooting whose speed and distance of projection are variable of the type using a rotatable barrel (1) into which are loaded movable targets (2) ; the movable targets (2) are superposed on each other in columns (3), maintained by tubes or vertical rollers, disposed between a recessed upper holding plate or having radial arms for the storage of movable targets and a lower recessed holding plate (4) for each column (3) of targets (2), or having radial arms between each column (3) of targets (2) ; said lower plate (4) being above and parallel to a fixed base plate which comprises a single recess (5) so as to permit the passage of movable targets (2) which are received on a launching plate (6) disposed before an ejection arm (7), at least one motor ensuring the rotation of the drum (1) and the movement of the ejection arm (7) wherein
      the launching plate (6) is comprised by a fixed launching ramp (9) and a movable lauching ramp (8) articulated about a susbtantially transverse pivotal axis (10), the upper surfaces of said ramps (9, 8) being at the same height below and parallel to the path of the assembly of the ejection arm (7).
2. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein
      the axis of traverse pivoting (10) is directed substantially in the direction of the axis of rotation (11) of the ejection arm (7), such that the movable and articulated launching ramp (8) pivots between two end positions, a position pivoted by an angle α, in which one of the two ends of said movable launching ramp (8) is facing and at the height of the recess (5) provided in the base plate so as to receive at least one target (2) from the rotatable drum (1), said target (2) being adapted to be launched, and a launching position in which the movable launching ramp is at a height below but parallel to the path of the assembly of the ejection arm (7).
3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein
      the movable and articulated launching ramp (8) has in its lower portion a longitudinal swinging axis (12), said axis (12) being substantially parallel to the tangent to the trajectory of the ejection arm (7) at the level of the movable launching ramp (8) such that said movable and articulated launching ramp (8) swings between two end positions, a launching position in which the movable launching ramp (8) is at a height below and parallel to the trajectory of the assembly of the ejection arm (7), and a swung position in which the ramp is swung through an angle β about the swinging axis (12).
4. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein
      the movable launching ramp (8) has, in its downstream portion with respect to the direction of launching of the targets (2) and in its lower portion, a roller (14) which coacts with a cam (13) fixed to the ejection arm (7), and in its upstream portion relative to the direction of launching the targets (2), a spring (16) ; such that when the roller (14) is in contact with the portion of the cam (13) farthest from the pivotal axis (10), the spring (16) brings said movable ramp (8) into pivoted position, while when the roller (14) is in contact with the portion of the cam (13) closest to the pivotal axis (10), said cam (13) causes the movable ramp (8) to pivot about a pivotal axis (10) and brings it into launching position.
5. Apparatus according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, wherein
      the movable and articulated launching ramp (8) has, in its upstream portion, different holes (21) which permit the securement of at least one abutment (18) adjustably as to position.
6. Apparatus according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, wherein
      the launching plate (6) has a holding finger (15) for the targets (2) which is movable in rotation relative to its axis, and permits returning to its initial position via a spring.
7. Apparatus according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 wherein
      a slideway (17) adjustable as to arc and radius relative to the axis of rotation (11) of the ejection arm (7) is disposed laterally on the outer side of the movable launching ramp (8).
8. Apparatus according to claim 7, wherein
      the ajustable slideway (17) is arcuate.
9. Apparatus according to claim 7 or 8, wherein
      the guide slideway is formed of two slideways, a fixed slideway (36) and an articulated slideway (37).
10. Apparatus according to claim 9, wherein
       the fixed slideway (36) is parallel to the plane of the launching plate (34) and the articulated slideway (37) remains parallel to the plane of the movable launching ramp.
11. Apparatus according to claim 10, wherein
       the articulated slideway (37) prolongs the fixed slideway (36) but is articulated about a pivoting axis (38), its end in contact with the movable articulated launching ramp (35) ensuring simultaneous movement with said ramp.
12. Apparatus according to claim 9, wherein
       the contact of the articulated slideway (37) and of the movable articulated ramp (35) is ensured by holding fingers (39, 40) disposed on opposite sides of each surface of said ramp.
13. Apparatus according to claim 9, wherein
       the movable articulated ramp (35) is provided with several openings (41, 42, 43) at its periphery which permit the emplacement of an abutment (44) for the targets (32) ; said abutment (44) is a recurved member such as a hook whose one part (45) is fixed to the frame of the apparatus and whose other part (46) can be disposed in the openings of the movable articulated ramp selected as a function of the sizes of the chosen targets.
14. Apparatus according to claim 13, wherein
       the abutment (44) in the form of a hook is disposed below the movable ramp (35), its end (46) serving itself as an abutment passing through the selected opening of the articulated movable ramp (35) ; the return of the hook (46) has a height sufficient to be able to leave free the passage for the pivoting of the articulated movable ramp (35).

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