EP0591656B1 - Tree netting apparatus - Google Patents
Tree netting apparatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0591656B1 EP0591656B1 EP93113062A EP93113062A EP0591656B1 EP 0591656 B1 EP0591656 B1 EP 0591656B1 EP 93113062 A EP93113062 A EP 93113062A EP 93113062 A EP93113062 A EP 93113062A EP 0591656 B1 EP0591656 B1 EP 0591656B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tree
- length
- funnel
- carriage
- netting
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
- B65B25/00—Packaging other articles presenting special problems
- B65B25/02—Packaging agricultural or horticultural products
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a device for wetting trees with a funnel through which the tree is pulled axially, wherein a net placed around the funnel is pulled off the funnel and the tree is wetted and with a pair of pliers arranged on a carriage which can be moved in the longitudinal direction, which covers the end of the tree.
- Such devices are known from the prior art and are used in particular for the mechanical wetting of Christmas trees.
- Christmas trees generally come in various graded sizes, for example in lengths of 1 m to 1.5 m, 1.5 m to 2 m, 2 m to 2.5 m.
- a length class therefore includes all trees with a maximum length difference of 50 cm or 30 cm. For the sale, the trees have to be sorted by the manufacturer according to these length classes.
- the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a device of the type mentioned at the outset, with which the tree can be marked not only in a networked manner but also at the same time by machine according to its belonging to the respective length class.
- a device according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main claim solves this problem.
- the device according to the invention has a length measuring device and a computer that is programmed so that it measures the measured length of a Assigns the marking color that corresponds to the respective length class.
- a marking device is then set in motion via a controller, which then marks the tree in the appropriate color. This measuring and marking takes place in a very short time, practically in one step with the wetting of the tree.
- a plurality of containers with different colors are preferably arranged on the longitudinally movable carriage, the pliers of which hold the tree end, each of which is connected via lines to a spray head arranged in the area of the pliers.
- These lines from the respective paint containers to the spray heads are preferably closable via solenoid valves which are controlled by the control.
- the tree length can be measured, for example, using a light scanner that detects the top of the tree as it passes.
- the respective position of the driven slide can take place, for example, via an incremental displacement sensor arranged in the area of the drive of the slide, which signals a signal corresponding to the respective position of the slide to the control so that the computer can calculate the tree length.
- FIGS. 1 to 3 The illustration shows a device for wetting, measuring and colored marking of Christmas trees with a machine frame 1, on which a carriage 14 can be moved in the longitudinal direction by means of a drive (not shown).
- a toothed belt 26a which is guided over a deflection roller 21 and is connected to a support arm of the slide 14, is driven by a drive.
- This support arm is received by a slot 25 in the machine frame and is guided there in the longitudinal direction when moving.
- the device has a programmable logic controller which is accommodated in a switch box 22.
- a funnel 10 is fixedly mounted on the machine frame 1, the axis of which is oriented in the longitudinal direction and through which the Christmas trees are pulled axially during the wetting process, as can be seen from FIGS. 1 to 3.
- Pliers 12 that grip the stem end 13 of the Christmas tree.
- Fig. 1 shows the position of the device before the tree is wetted.
- the carriage 14 with the pliers 12 travels into the funnel 10 to grip the stem end 13 of the tree.
- the net 11 for the tree is pulled over the funnel 10.
- An angled arm 27 is also attached to the side of the machine frame, at the front end of which a light sensor 23 is attached in a housing, which is arranged somewhat in front of the funnel 10 above the tree in its path.
- the carriage 14 now travels in the longitudinal direction to the other end of the machine frame, the tree grasping the net 11, pulling it off the funnel 10 and thus being wetted.
- the controller 22 sends a signal to the controller 22 (see also FIG. 5), the Christmas tree is then measured and, depending on the affiliation to a certain size class (for example 2 m to 2.5 m ) the tree is marked with a color corresponding to this size class.
- FIG. 4 The enlarged representation of the carriage 14 according to FIG. 4 shows that several paint containers 15 with different colors for the marking are arranged next to one another on the carriage. From these containers 15, lines 16 each lead to a number of spray heads 18 corresponding to the number of different colors for the marking, which are arranged at the height of the tree stem 13 in an axial extension behind the latter. Between the end of the tree stem and the spray heads 18 there is a plate 19 with a template-like, preferably circular opening 20, through which the paint from the spray head onto the cut surface of the stem end of the tree can be sprayed. In the connection path between the lines 16 leading to the spray heads 18 and the individual paint containers 15, solenoid valves 17 are arranged, which can be controlled via the control 22.
- the measuring and marking of the trees when wetting is carried out as follows (see FIG. 5).
- a deflection roller 21 in the area of which an incremental displacement sensor is arranged.
- This incremental displacement sensor gives a signal corresponding to the position of the slide 14 to the control 22.
- the control 22 receives the second signal from the light sensor 23 when the tree tip 24 has passed through it. From the signal that corresponds to the starting position of the carriage 14 when it detects the tree stem and the signal that corresponds to the position of the carriage 14 when the tree tip 24 passes the light scanner 23, the computer that is part of the controller 22 can Calculate tree length. He assigns this tree length to a stored length class, e.g.
- the controller 22 controls the solenoid valve 17 of the associated paint container 15 corresponding to the color of this length class.
- the valve is opened and the associated spray head 18 marks the cut surface at the end of the tree handle. This measurement and color marking of the tree takes place in a fraction of a second.
- the solenoid valve 17 is closed again and the control opens the pliers 12 so that the tree can be removed and then gives another command to the drive 26 so that the carriage 14 moves back to the starting position and the next tree is inserted can.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
- Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Einnetzen von Bäumen mit einem Trichter, durch den der Baum axial hindurchgezogen wird, wobei ein um den Trichter gelegtes Netz dabei vom Trichter abgezogen und der Baum eingenetzt wird und mit einer auf einem in Längsrichtung verfahrbaren Schlitten angeordneten Zange, die das Baumende erfaßt. Derartige Vorrichtungen sind aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt und werden insbesondere für das maschinelle Einnetzen von Weihnachtsbäumen eingesetzt. Weihnachtsbäume gelangen im allgemeinen in verschiedenen abgestuften Größenklassen in den Handel, beispielsweise in Längen von 1 m bis 1,5 m, 1,5 m bis 2 m, 2 m bis 2,5 m. Eine Längenklasse umfaßt also alle Baume mit einer maximalen Längendifferenz von 50 cm oder aber auch 30 cm. Für den Verkauf müssen die Bäume beim Hersteller nach Zugehörigkeit zu diesen Längenklassen sortiert werden. Dazu ist teilweise das Messen jedes einzelnen Baums oder der überwiegenden Anzahl der Bäume notwendig. Anschließend werden die Bäume je nach Länge entsprechend der Zugehörigkeit zu der jeweiligen Längenklasse von Hand markiert. Diese Vorgehensweise ist aufwendig und personalintensiv, insbesondere, da bei den Weihnachtsbaumproduzenten im Vorweihnachtsgeschäft große Stückzahlen von Bäumen abgeerntet, sortiert und handelsfertig eingenetzt werden.The present invention relates to a device for wetting trees with a funnel through which the tree is pulled axially, wherein a net placed around the funnel is pulled off the funnel and the tree is wetted and with a pair of pliers arranged on a carriage which can be moved in the longitudinal direction, which covers the end of the tree. Such devices are known from the prior art and are used in particular for the mechanical wetting of Christmas trees. Christmas trees generally come in various graded sizes, for example in lengths of 1 m to 1.5 m, 1.5 m to 2 m, 2 m to 2.5 m. A length class therefore includes all trees with a maximum length difference of 50 cm or 30 cm. For the sale, the trees have to be sorted by the manufacturer according to these length classes. To do this, it is sometimes necessary to measure each individual tree or the predominant number of trees. The trees are then marked by hand depending on their length, according to their belonging to the respective length class. This procedure is time-consuming and labor-intensive, especially since the Christmas tree producers in the pre-Christmas business harvest large numbers of trees, sort them and use them ready for trading.
Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung besteht somit darin, eine Vorrichtung der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, mit der der Baum nicht nur eingenetzt sondern auch gleichzeitig maschinell entsprechend seiner Zugehörigkeit zu der jeweiligen Längenklasse markiert werden kann. Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe liefert eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Hauptanspruchs.The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a device of the type mentioned at the outset, with which the tree can be marked not only in a networked manner but also at the same time by machine according to its belonging to the respective length class. A device according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main claim solves this problem.
Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung verfügt zum einen über eine Längenmeßeinrichtung und über einen Rechner, der so programmiert ist, daß er die gemessene Länge einer Markierungsfarbe zuordnet, die der jeweiligen Längenklasse entspricht. Anschließend wird über eine Steuerung eine Markierungseinrichtung in Gang gesetzt, die dann den Baum in der entsprechenden Farbe markiert. Dieses Messen und Markieren geschieht in sehr kurzer Zeit, praktisch in einem Arbeitsgang mit dem Einnetzen des Baums.The device according to the invention has a length measuring device and a computer that is programmed so that it measures the measured length of a Assigns the marking color that corresponds to the respective length class. A marking device is then set in motion via a controller, which then marks the tree in the appropriate color. This measuring and marking takes place in a very short time, practically in one step with the wetting of the tree.
Vorzugsweise sind auf dem in Längsrichtung verfahrbaren Schlitten, dessen Zange das Baumende festhält, mehrere Behälter mit unterschiedlichen Farben angeordnet, die jeweils über Leitungen mit je einem im Bereich der Zange angeordneten Spritzkopf verbunden sind. Diese Leitungen von den jeweiligen Farbbehältern zu den Spritzköpfen sind vorzugsweise über Magnetventile verschließbar, die von der Steuerung angesteuert werden. Die Messung der Baumlänge kann beispielsweise über einen Lichttaster erfolgen, der die Baumspitze beim Passieren erfaßt. Die jeweilige Stellung des angetriebenen Schlittens kann z.B. über einen im Bereich des Antriebs des Schlittens angeordneten inkrementalen Weggeber erfolgen, der ein der jeweiligen Stellung des Schlittens entsprechendes Signal an die Steuerung meldet, so daß der Rechner die Baumlänge errechnen kann.A plurality of containers with different colors are preferably arranged on the longitudinally movable carriage, the pliers of which hold the tree end, each of which is connected via lines to a spray head arranged in the area of the pliers. These lines from the respective paint containers to the spray heads are preferably closable via solenoid valves which are controlled by the control. The tree length can be measured, for example, using a light scanner that detects the top of the tree as it passes. The respective position of the driven slide can take place, for example, via an incremental displacement sensor arranged in the area of the drive of the slide, which signals a signal corresponding to the respective position of the slide to the control so that the computer can calculate the tree length.
Im folgenden wird die vorliegende Erfindung anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels unter Bezugnahme auf die beiliegenden Zeichnungen näher beschrieben. Dabei zeigen
- Fig. 1
- eine schematisch vereinfachte Seitenansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung;
- Fig. 2
- eine Draufsicht der Vorrichtung gemäß Fig. 1;
- Fig. 3
- eine weitere Seitenansicht der Vorrichtung, die diese in einer anderen Arbeitsphase zeigt;
- Fig. 4
- eine vergrößerte Detailansicht des Schlittens;
- Fig. 5
- ein Prinzipdiagramm anhand dessen die Arbeitsweise der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung erläuterbar ist.
- Fig. 1
- a schematically simplified side view of a device according to the invention;
- Fig. 2
- a plan view of the device of FIG. 1;
- Fig. 3
- another side view of the device, showing this in a different phase of work;
- Fig. 4
- an enlarged detail view of the carriage;
- Fig. 5
- a schematic diagram based on which the operation of the device according to the invention can be explained.
Es wird zunächst auf die Fig. 1 bis 3 Bezug genommen. Die Darstellung zeigt eine Vorrichtung zum Einnetzen, Vermessen und farbigen Markieren von Weihnachtsbäumen mit einem Maschinengestell 1, auf dem ein Schlitten 14 mittels eines Antriebs (nicht dargestellt) in Längsrichtung verfahrbar ist. Über einen Antrieb wird beispielsweise ein über eine Umlenkrolle 21 geführter Zahnriemen 26a angetrieben, der mit einem Tragarm des Schlittens 14 verbunden ist. Dieser Tragarm wird von einem Schlitz 25 im Maschinengestell aufgenommen und ist dort beim Verfahren in Längsrichtung geführt. Die Vorrichtung verfügt über eine speicherprogrammierbare Steuerung, die in einem Schaltkasten 22 untergebracht ist. Am vorderen Ende der Vorrichtung ist fest auf dem Maschinengestell 1 ein Trichter 10 montiert, dessen Achse in Längsrichtung ausgerichtet ist und durch den die Weihnachtsbäume beim Einnetzvorgang axial hindurchgezogen werden, wie dies aus den Fig. 1 bis 3 erkennbar ist. Auf dem Schlitten 14 befindet sich eine Zange 12, die das Stielende 13 des Weihnachtsbaums erfaßt. Fig. 1 zeigt die Stellung der Vorrichtung vor dem Einnetzen des Baums. Der Schlitten 14 mit der Zange 12 fährt dabei zum Ergreifen des Stielendes 13 des Baums in den Trichter 10 hinein. Das Netz 11 für den Baum ist über den Trichter 10 gezogen. Am Maschinengestell ist seitlich außerdem ein abgewinkelter Arm 27 angebracht, an dessen vorderem Ende in einem Gehäuse ein Lichttaster 23 angebracht ist, der etwas vor dem Trichter 10 über dem Baum in dessen Bahn angeordnet ist.Reference is first made to FIGS. 1 to 3. The illustration shows a device for wetting, measuring and colored marking of Christmas trees with a
Aus dieser in den Fig. 1 bis 2 dargestellten Ausgangsposition fährt nun der Schlitten 14 in Längsrichtung zum anderen Ende des Maschinengestells hin, wobei der Baum das Netz 11 erfaßt, von dem Trichter 10 abzieht und somit eingenetzt wird. Sobald die Baumspitze 24 den Strahlengang des Lichttasters 23 passiert hat, gibt dieser ein Signal an die Steuerung 22 (siehe auch Fig. 5), der Weihnachtsbaum wird dann vermessen und je nach Zugehörigkeit zu einer bestimmten Größenklasse (beispielsweise 2 m bis 2,5 m) wird der Baum mit einer dieser Größenklasse entsprechenden Farbe markiert.From this starting position shown in FIGS. 1 to 2, the
Dieser Vorgang wird unter Bezugnahme auf die Fig. 4 und 5 näher erläutert. Die vergrößerte Darstellung des Schlittens 14 gemäß Fig. 4 zeigt, daß auf dem Schlitten mehrere Farbbehälter 15 mit verschiedenen Farben für die Markierung nebeneinander angeordnet sind. Von diesen Behältern 15 führen jeweils Leitungen 16 zu einer der Zahl der verschiedenen Farben für die Markierung entsprechenden Anzahl von Spritzköpfen 18, die in Höhe des Baumstiels 13 in axialer Verlängerung hinter diesem angeordnet sind. Zwischen dem Baumstielende und den Spritzköpfen 18 befindet sich eine Platte 19 mit einer schablonenartigen vorzugsweise kreisrunden Öffnung 20, durch die hindurch die Farbe aus dem Spritzkopf auf die Schnittfläche des Stielendes des Baums gespritzt werden kann. Im Verbindungsweg zwischen den zu den Spritzköpfen 18 führenden Leitungen 16 und den einzelnen Farbbehältern 15 sind jeweils Magnetventile 17 angeordnet, die über die Steuerung 22 ansteuerbar sind.This process is explained in more detail with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5. The enlarged representation of the
Das Vermessen und Markieren der Bäume beim Einnetzen geht folgendermaßen vor sich (siehe Fig. 5). Im Antriebsweg des Schlittens 14 befindet sich eine Umlenkrolle 21 in dessen Bereich ein inkrementaler Weggeber angeordnet ist. Dieser inkrementale Weggeber gibt ein der Stellung des Schlittens 14 entsprechendes Signal an die Steuerung 22. Das zweite Signal erhält die Steuerung 22 von dem Lichttaster 23, wenn die Baumspitze 24 diesen passiert hat. Aus dem Signal, das der Ausgangsstellung des Schlittens 14 entspricht, wenn dieser den Baumstiel erfaßt und dem Signal, das der Stellung des Schlittens 14 entspricht, wenn die Baumspitze 24 den Lichttaster 23 passiert, kann der Rechner, der Bestandteil der Steuerung 22 ist, die Baumlänge errechnen. Diese Baumlänge ordnet er einer eingespeicherten Längenklasse, z.B. 2 m bis 2,5 m oder 1,5 m bis 2 m zu, der vorher eine bestimmte Markierungsfarbe zugeordnet wurde. Die Steuerung 22 steuert dann das der Farbe dieser Längenklasse entsprechende Magnetventil 17 des zugehörigen Farbbehälters 15 an. Das Ventil wird geöffnet und der zugehörige Spritzkopf 18 markiert die Schnittfläche am Baumstielende. Dieses Vermessen und farbige Markieren des Baums geht in Bruchteilen einer Sekunde vor sich. Dann wird das Magnetventil 17 wieder geschlossen und die Steuerung veranlaßt das Öffnen der Zange 12, so daß der Baum entnommen werden kann und gibt danach einen weiteren Befehl an den Antrieb 26, so daß der Schlitten 14 in die Ausgangsposition zurückfährt und der nächste Baum eingeschoben werden kann.The measuring and marking of the trees when wetting is carried out as follows (see FIG. 5). In the drive path of the
Claims (6)
- Tree netting apparatus comprising a funnel (10) through which the tree is axially pulled, a net layed around the funnel being pulled off from the funnel and the tree is netted, further comprising a pair of tongs (12) arranged on a carriage (14) slidable in the longitudinal direction,
said pair of tongs gripping the end of the tree,
characterised in that a device (22, 23) for measuring the length of the tree during the process of netting is provided,
and that a device (15-18) arranged on the carriage (14) is provided which marks the tree corresponding to its length previously measured. - Tree netting apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the tree is marked with a colour corresponding to a defined class of lengths according to the belonging of its length.
- Tree netting apparatus as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the device arranged on the carriage consists of several containers (15) containing different colours, the individual containers being each connected via conduits (16) to a spray head (18) arranged in the region of the pair of tongs (12).
- Tree netting apparatus as claimed in claim 3, characterised in that in each case in the connection path between the conduits (16) leading to the spray heads (18) and the individual colour containers (15) there are arranged solenoid valves (17) which are controlled by a control device (22) after measuring the length of the tree.
- Tree netting apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the device for measuring the length of the tree in the front region of the machine frame upwardly of the funnel (10) consists of a light sensor (23) which detects the tip (24) of the tree during its passage.
- Tree netting apparatus as claimed in claims 4 and 5, characterised in that an incremental displacement pickup (21) in the region of the drive of the carriage (14) detects the respective position of the carriage and reports it to the control device (22) which calculates the length of the tree as soon as its tip (24) passes the light sensor (23) and then opens the solenoid valve (17) of the associated colour container (15).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4233413 | 1992-10-05 | ||
DE4233413A DE4233413C2 (en) | 1992-10-05 | 1992-10-05 | Device for wetting trees |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0591656A1 EP0591656A1 (en) | 1994-04-13 |
EP0591656B1 true EP0591656B1 (en) | 1996-03-27 |
Family
ID=6469652
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP93113062A Expired - Lifetime EP0591656B1 (en) | 1992-10-05 | 1993-08-14 | Tree netting apparatus |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0591656B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE135975T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE4233413C2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DK174177B1 (en) * | 2000-08-16 | 2002-08-12 | Claus Thomsen | Device and method for netting trees |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1204576B (en) * | 1964-03-20 | 1965-11-04 | Hermann Helfert | Device for packing individual, especially bulky items |
DE1486022A1 (en) * | 1964-10-15 | 1969-02-27 | Peter Geb Herwig | Method and device for the continuous printing of strip-shaped writing carriers and for connecting parts of these writing carriers to packages of goods |
DE1586092C3 (en) * | 1967-05-23 | 1975-05-15 | Fr. Hesser Maschinenfabrik Ag, 7000 Stuttgart | Device for marking packaging containers |
US3440954A (en) * | 1967-10-31 | 1969-04-29 | Bemis Co Inc | Christmas tree loader apparatus |
SE389651B (en) * | 1975-04-17 | 1976-11-15 | Sundin A E | PROCEDURE WHEN PACKAGING WOODEN CHIPS AND DEVICE FOR PERFORMING THE PROCEDURE |
DE2612165A1 (en) * | 1976-03-23 | 1977-09-29 | Ulrich Beule | Appliance fixing plates to tree trunks - has centering device positioned on guide and sliding carriage moved by press. medium cylinder |
DE3242912A1 (en) * | 1982-11-20 | 1984-05-24 | Hermann 4100 Duisburg Schneiders | Wrapping for conifers |
DE3303109A1 (en) * | 1983-01-31 | 1984-08-02 | Manfred 6086 Riedstadt Pauly | Method and device for automatic goods detection and identification |
DE3531013A1 (en) * | 1985-08-30 | 1987-03-12 | Schneiders Hermann | DEVICE FOR PACKING CONIFER AND SIMILAR PLANTS |
DE8708612U1 (en) * | 1987-03-27 | 1987-08-20 | Ebel, Wilfried, 5980 Werdohl | Mechanical Christmas tree wrapping machine |
CA1302989C (en) * | 1989-01-19 | 1992-06-09 | William Stirling | Agricultural bale sheathing apparatus and method |
-
1992
- 1992-10-05 DE DE4233413A patent/DE4233413C2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1993
- 1993-08-14 AT AT93113062T patent/ATE135975T1/en active
- 1993-08-14 EP EP93113062A patent/EP0591656B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0591656A1 (en) | 1994-04-13 |
DE4233413C2 (en) | 1995-09-14 |
DE4233413A1 (en) | 1994-04-07 |
ATE135975T1 (en) | 1996-04-15 |
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