EP0591068A1 - Heat exchanger with tubes having a flared end - Google Patents

Heat exchanger with tubes having a flared end Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0591068A1
EP0591068A1 EP93402417A EP93402417A EP0591068A1 EP 0591068 A1 EP0591068 A1 EP 0591068A1 EP 93402417 A EP93402417 A EP 93402417A EP 93402417 A EP93402417 A EP 93402417A EP 0591068 A1 EP0591068 A1 EP 0591068A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tube
heat exchanger
flare
exchanger according
tubes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP93402417A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Gilbert Lelievre
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Valeo Thermique Moteur SA
Original Assignee
Valeo Thermique Moteur SA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Valeo Thermique Moteur SA filed Critical Valeo Thermique Moteur SA
Publication of EP0591068A1 publication Critical patent/EP0591068A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/053—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
    • F28D1/05316—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators
    • F28D1/05333—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators with multiple rows of conduits or with multi-channel conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
    • F28F21/081—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys
    • F28F21/084—Heat exchange elements made from metals or metal alloys from aluminium or aluminium alloys
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/04—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates
    • F28F9/16—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling
    • F28F9/165—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling by using additional preformed parts, e.g. sleeves, gaskets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2230/00—Sealing means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heat exchanger intended in particular to form part of a motor vehicle to constitute either an engine cooling radiator or a cabin heating radiator.
  • a heat exchanger of the type comprising a collector plate provided with substantially circular holes as well as a bundle of tubes, in which each tube has an end of suitable shape, received in sealing in a hole in the collector plate, each tube end being provided with a flaring obtained by deformation of the wall of the tube.
  • the flaring of each end of the tube generally has the function of ensuring the retention of the collector plate on the tube bundle and of contributing to the sealing of the connection between the tube and the collector plate.
  • substantially circular is meant to specify that the holes in the collector plate - and therefore the sections of the tube ends - have a circular shape or else a shape very close to that of a circle. In the latter case, it is an oval or elliptical shape characterized by a major axis and a minor axis of symmetry, such that the ratio between the length of the major axis and the length of the minor axis is at most equal to 1 , 2.
  • the seal between each end of the tube and the collector plate is most often ensured by an elastomer seal comprising compressible collars, each of which is compressed between the end of the tube and a collar bordering the corresponding hole in the collector plate.
  • the end of substantially circular shape of the tube is provided with a flaring of homologous shape, that is to say substantially circular, extending over the entire periphery of the end of the tube.
  • the dimensions of the flare are generally close to those of the hole.
  • the invention proposes a heat exchanger of the type defined in the introduction, in which the flaring of each end of the tube has a polygonal shape defined by at least three sides connected in pairs by rounded tops.
  • such a tube in the work-hardened state has the advantage of being directly lubricated with stretching, which avoids an additional lubrication operation during the development of the heat exchanger bundle.
  • the flare has a polygonal shape with four sides.
  • the flare can have a square shape, in particular in the case where the end of the tube has a strictly circular shape.
  • the flare may include either a portion of wall with generatrix parallel to the axis of the tube, or a portion of generally frustoconical wall.
  • the invention applies very particularly to a heat exchanger comprising a compressible seal, for example made of elastomer, provided with compressible collars, each interposed between a collar bordering a hole in the collector plate and the end of the tube received. in the hole.
  • a compressible seal for example made of elastomer
  • the flaring of the end of the tube then serves as a flar for retaining the tube.
  • each tube of the bundle is made of a metal alloy, in particular of aluminum alloy, in the work hardened state.
  • the heat exchanger shown in Figures 1 and 2 comprises a header plate 10, a seal 12 and a bundle formed of a multiplicity of tubes 14 of respective parallel axes XX.
  • the tubes 14 are arranged in two parallel rows and they pass through a multiplicity of fins 16 extending perpendicular to the axes of the tubes.
  • the collector plate 10 comprises a core 18 of generally rectangular shape, through which are formed, in correspondence with the tubes 14 of the bundle, a multiplicity of holes 20 of circular shape, each of which is bordered by a collar 22 extending in the direction fins 16.
  • the collecting plate 12 has a peripheral rim 24 delimiting a peripheral groove 26 and forming a multiplicity of folding legs 28.
  • the compressible seal 12 advantageously made of an elastomeric material, comprises a core 30 applied against the core 18 of the collector plate 10 and provided with compressible collars 32 capable of being compressed each between a collar 22 of the collector plate and the end 34 of circular section of a tube 14.
  • the core 30 of the seal 12 is provided with a flange 36 received in the groove 26 of the collector plate and intended to be compressed by the peripheral edge (not shown) of a water box wall (not shown). The seal between the water box wall and the collector plate is ensured by compression of the flange 36 after folding the tabs 28, and this in a manner known.
  • Each compressible collar 32 is compressed between a collar 22 of the collector plate and the end 34 of a tube 14, which seals the connection between the collector plate and the bundle tubes.
  • each end 34 is provided with a flaring 38 ( Figures 1 and 2) obtained by deformation of the wall of the tube, in a radial direction relative to the axis XX, by means of a tool d suitable flare such as a punch (not shown).
  • Each of these flares is carried out on the side of the collector plate which carries the seal, that is to say on the side opposite to that facing the fins 3.
  • Each flare 38 has a polygonal shape, in the square example, defined by four sides 40 connected in pairs by rounded vertices 42.
  • the production of such a polygonal flare with rounded angles makes it possible to reduce the rate of elongation of the tube compared to the rate it would undergo if the flare had been circular, as in the prior art.
  • the tubes are advantageously formed from an aluminum alloy or from another ductile metal alloy.
  • the flare 38 comprises a wall portion 44 delimited by generatrices parallel to the axis XX of the tube and connected to the body of the tube by a shoulder 46.
  • the flare 38 makes it possible to retain the collector plate on the tube bundle 14.
  • the end 34 of a tube 14 has a flare 48 having a wall portion 50 of generally frustoconical shape.
  • the invention thus makes it possible to produce a heat exchanger in which the collector plate is perfectly held in position relative to the bundle of tubes.
  • flares described above are used above all for heat exchangers with mechanical assembly, but can also be used for brazed heat exchangers, in order to ensure the mechanical strength of the collector plate on the tube bundle, prior to the soldering operation.
  • each tube may comprise another non-polygonal flaring, produced in a manner known per se on the other side of the collector plate, relative to the side on which the tube ends open.
  • the invention is particularly applicable to heat exchangers of motor vehicles.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a heat exchanger of the type comprising a manifold plate (10) provided with substantially circular holes as well as a tube bundle, in which each tube includes an end (34) of developed shape, accommodated leaktightly in a hole of the manifold plate. Each end (34) is provided with a flared end (38) obtained by deformation of the wall of the tube and having a polygonal, for example square, shape defined by sides (40) connected in pairs by rounded vertices (42). Application in particular to heat exchangers for motor vehicles. <IMAGE>

Description

L'invention concerne un échangeur de chaleur destiné notamment à faire partie d'un véhicule automobile pour constituer soit un radiateur de refroidissement du moteur, soit un radiateur de chauffage de l'habitacle.The invention relates to a heat exchanger intended in particular to form part of a motor vehicle to constitute either an engine cooling radiator or a cabin heating radiator.

Elle concerne plus particulièrement un échangeur de chaleur du type comprenant une plaque collectrice munie de trous sensiblement circulaires ainsi qu'un faisceau de tubes, dans lequel chaque tube comporte une extrémité de forme adaptée, reçue à étanchéité dans un trou de la plaque collectrice, chaque extrémité de tube étant pourvue d'un évasement obtenu par déformation de la paroi du tube.It relates more particularly to a heat exchanger of the type comprising a collector plate provided with substantially circular holes as well as a bundle of tubes, in which each tube has an end of suitable shape, received in sealing in a hole in the collector plate, each tube end being provided with a flaring obtained by deformation of the wall of the tube.

Dans un échangeur de chaleur de ce type, l'évasement de chaque extrémité de tube a généralement pour fonction d'assurer la retenue de la plaque collectrice sur le faisceau de tubes et de contribuer à l'étanchéité de la liaison entre le tube et la plaque collectrice.In a heat exchanger of this type, the flaring of each end of the tube generally has the function of ensuring the retention of the collector plate on the tube bundle and of contributing to the sealing of the connection between the tube and the collector plate.

Par l'expression "sensiblement circulaire" on entend préciser que les trous de la plaque collectrice -et donc les sections des extrémités de tubes- ont une forme circulaire ou bien une forme très proche de celle d'un cercle. Dans ce dernier cas, il s'agit d'une forme ovale ou elliptique caractérisée par un grand axe et un petit axe de symétrie, tels que le rapport entre la longueur du grand axe et la longueur du petit axe soit au plus égal à 1,2.By the expression "substantially circular" is meant to specify that the holes in the collector plate - and therefore the sections of the tube ends - have a circular shape or else a shape very close to that of a circle. In the latter case, it is an oval or elliptical shape characterized by a major axis and a minor axis of symmetry, such that the ratio between the length of the major axis and the length of the minor axis is at most equal to 1 , 2.

Dans un échangeur de chaleur du type précité, l'étanchéité entre chaque extrémité de tube et la plaque collectrice est le plus souvent assurée par un joint d'étanchéité en élastomère comportant des collets compressibles dont chacun est comprimé entre l'extrémité du tube et un collet bordant le trou correspondant de la plaque collectrice.In a heat exchanger of the aforementioned type, the seal between each end of the tube and the collector plate is most often ensured by an elastomer seal comprising compressible collars, each of which is compressed between the end of the tube and a collar bordering the corresponding hole in the collector plate.

En variante, il est possible d'assurer l'étanchéité par un joint de brasure, bien que ce type de liaison soit plus souvent utilisé dans le cas où les extrémités des tubes ont une forme aplatie ou allongée, donc éloignée de celle d'un cercle.As a variant, it is possible to ensure sealing by a solder joint, although this type of connection is more often used in the case where the ends of the tubes have a flattened or elongated shape, therefore distant from that of a circle.

Dans les échangeurs de chaleur connus du type précité, l'extrémité de forme sensiblement circulaire du tube, est munie d'un évasement de forme homologue, c'est-à-dire sensiblement circulaire, s'étendant sur toute la périphérie de l'extrémité du tube.In known heat exchangers of the aforementioned type, the end of substantially circular shape of the tube is provided with a flaring of homologous shape, that is to say substantially circular, extending over the entire periphery of the end of the tube.

Dans le cas où l'extrémité du tube est reçue dans un trou avec interposition d'un joint d'étanchéité, les dimensions de l'évasement sont généralement voisines de celles du trou.In the case where the end of the tube is received in a hole with the interposition of a seal, the dimensions of the flare are generally close to those of the hole.

La réalisation d'un tel évasement, sur toute la périphérie de l'extrémité du tube, risque d'engendrer dans celle-ci des déchirures ou des criques et donc de nuire à l'étanchéité de l'échangeur de chaleur.The realization of such a flare, over the entire periphery of the end of the tube, may cause tears or cracks therein and therefore adversely affect the sealing of the heat exchanger.

Pour éviter cet inconvénient, il a été nécessaire jusqu'à présent d'employer, notamment dans le cas de tubes en alliages d'aluminium, un état métallurgique spécifique, ce qui augmente le prix de revient de l'échangeur de chaleur.To avoid this drawback, it has hitherto been necessary to employ, in particular in the case of tubes made of aluminum alloys, a specific metallurgical state, which increases the cost price of the heat exchanger.

Dans le cas des échangeurs de chaleur dont les extrémités des tubes ont une section non circulaire, très éloignée de la forme d'un cercle, ces extrémités ont une forme aplatie ou allongée possédant deux grands côtés opposés, droits ou incurvés.In the case of heat exchangers whose ends of the tubes have a non-circular section, very far from the shape of a circle, these ends have a flattened or elongated shape having two large opposite sides, straight or curved.

Dans ce cas, il est connu de faire un évasement, mais en réalisant deux déformations localisées prévues respectivement sur les deux grands côtés opposés de l'extrémité du tube, comme enseigné par exemple par les documents FR 1 157 417, 2 181 497 et 2 525 337.In this case, it is known to make a flare, but by making two localized deformations provided respectively on the two large opposite sides of the end of the tube, as taught for example by documents FR 1 157 417, 2 181 497 and 2 525,337.

Cependant, la réalisation de tels évasements particuliers ne convient qu'à des tubes dont les extrémités ont une section allongée, très éloignée de la forme d'un cercle.However, the realization of such particular flares is only suitable for tubes whose ends have an elongated section, very far from the shape of a circle.

C'est en conséquence un but de l'invention de remédier aux inconvénients précités.It is therefore an object of the invention to remedy the aforementioned drawbacks.

C'est en particulier un but de l'invention de procurer un échangeur de chaleur du type précité, dans lequel il est possible de réaliser un évasement de chaque extrémité de tube, sans risque d'engendrer des déchirures et des criques.It is in particular an object of the invention to provide a heat exchanger of the aforementioned type, in which it is possible to make a flare at each end of the tube, without the risk of causing tears and cracks.

C'est aussi un but de l'invention de procurer un tel échangeur de chaleur qui peut être obtenu sans augmentation du prix de revient.It is also an object of the invention to provide such a heat exchanger which can be obtained without increasing the cost price.

C'est en particulier un but de l'invention de procurer un tel échangeur de chaleur qui convient plus particulièrement, mais non exclusivement, à un assemblage de type mécanique.It is in particular an object of the invention to provide such a heat exchanger which is more particularly, but not exclusively, suitable for an assembly of the mechanical type.

L'invention propose à cet effet un échangeur de chaleur du type défini en introduction, dans lequel l'évasement de chaque extrémité de tube présente une forme polygonale définie par au moins trois côté reliés deux à deux par des sommets arrondis.To this end, the invention proposes a heat exchanger of the type defined in the introduction, in which the flaring of each end of the tube has a polygonal shape defined by at least three sides connected in pairs by rounded tops.

La Demanderesse a constaté qu'un tel évasement de forme polygonale peut être obtenu facilement au moyen d'un outil approprié, tel qu'un poinçon.The Applicant has found that such a polygonal flare can be easily obtained by means of an appropriate tool, such as a punch.

En outre, la réalisation d'un tel évasement permet de diminuer les forces de frottement de l'outil d'évasement.In addition, the production of such a flaring makes it possible to reduce the frictional forces of the flaring tool.

Ceci permet non seulement de supprimer les risques de formation de déchirures ou de criques, mais aussi d'utiliser un tube qui, notamment dans le cas des alliages d'aluminium, ne nécessite pas un état métallurgique spécifique.This not only eliminates the risk of tears or cracks, but also to use a tube which, especially in the case of aluminum alloys, does not require a specific metallurgical state.

En effet, on peut utiliser un tube à l'état écroui donc moins coûteux puisqu'il n'a pas subi de traitement thermique.In fact, it is possible to use a tube in the work-hardened state, therefore less costly since it has not undergone heat treatment.

De plus, un tel tube à l'état écroui présente l'avantage d'être directement lubrifié d'étirage, ce qui évite une opération supplémentaire de lubrification lors de l'élaboration du faisceau de l'échangeur de chaleur.In addition, such a tube in the work-hardened state has the advantage of being directly lubricated with stretching, which avoids an additional lubrication operation during the development of the heat exchanger bundle.

Dans une forme de réalisation préférée de l'invention, l'évasement présente une forme polygonale à quatre côtés.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the flare has a polygonal shape with four sides.

Ainsi, l'évasement peut avoir une forme carrée, notamment dans le cas où l'extrémité du tube a une forme rigoureusement circulaire.Thus, the flare can have a square shape, in particular in the case where the end of the tube has a strictly circular shape.

L'évasement peut comporter soit une portion de paroi à génératrices parallèles à l'axe du tube, soit une portion de paroi généralement tronconique.The flare may include either a portion of wall with generatrix parallel to the axis of the tube, or a portion of generally frustoconical wall.

L'invention s'applique tout particulièrement à un échangeur de chaleur comportant un joint d'étanchéité compressible, par exemple en élastomère, muni de collets compressibles, interposés chacun entre un collet bordant un trou de la plaque collectrice et l'extrémité de tube reçue dans le trou.The invention applies very particularly to a heat exchanger comprising a compressible seal, for example made of elastomer, provided with compressible collars, each interposed between a collar bordering a hole in the collector plate and the end of the tube received. in the hole.

Selon l'invention, l'évasement de l'extrémité du tube sert alors d'évasement de retenue du tube.According to the invention, the flaring of the end of the tube then serves as a flar for retaining the tube.

Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, chaque tube du faisceau est réalisé en alliage métallique, notamment en alliage d'aluminium, à l'état écroui.According to another characteristic of the invention, each tube of the bundle is made of a metal alloy, in particular of aluminum alloy, in the work hardened state.

Dans la description qui suit, faite seulement à titre d'exemple, on se réfère au dessin annexé, sur lequel :

  • la figure 1 est une vue partielle de dessus d'une plaque collectrice d'un échangeur de chaleur, cette plaque collectrice recevant un joint d'étanchéité et des tubes dont les extrémités sont munies chacune d'un évasement selon l'invention ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue partielle en coupe suivant la ligne II-II de la figure 1 ; et
  • la figure 3 est une vue partielle en coupe, analogue à celle de la figure 2, montrant un autre type d'évasement.
In the description which follows, given solely by way of example, reference is made to the appended drawing, in which:
  • Figure 1 is a partial top view of a header plate of a heat exchanger, this header plate receiving a gasket and tubes whose ends are each provided with a flare according to the invention;
  • Figure 2 is a partial sectional view along line II-II of Figure 1; and
  • Figure 3 is a partial sectional view, similar to that of Figure 2, showing another type of flare.

L'échangeur de chaleur représenté aux figures 1 et 2 comprend une plaque collectrice 10, un joint d'étanchéité 12 et un faisceau formé d'une multiplicité de tubes 14 d'axes respectifs parallèles XX. Les tubes 14 sont disposés suivant deux rangées parallèles et ils traversent une multiplicité d'ailettes 16 s'étendant perpendiculairement aux axes des tubes.The heat exchanger shown in Figures 1 and 2 comprises a header plate 10, a seal 12 and a bundle formed of a multiplicity of tubes 14 of respective parallel axes XX. The tubes 14 are arranged in two parallel rows and they pass through a multiplicity of fins 16 extending perpendicular to the axes of the tubes.

La plaque collectrice 10 comporte une âme 18 de forme générale rectangulaire, au travers de laquelle sont ménagés, en correspondance des tubes 14 du faisceau, une multiplicité de trous 20 de forme circulaire, dont chacun est bordé par un collet 22 s'étendant en direction des ailettes 16.The collector plate 10 comprises a core 18 of generally rectangular shape, through which are formed, in correspondence with the tubes 14 of the bundle, a multiplicity of holes 20 of circular shape, each of which is bordered by a collar 22 extending in the direction fins 16.

La plaque collectrice 12 comporte un rebord périphérique 24 délimitant une gorge périphérique 26 et formant une multiplicité de pattes rabattables 28.The collecting plate 12 has a peripheral rim 24 delimiting a peripheral groove 26 and forming a multiplicity of folding legs 28.

Le joint compressible 12, avantageusement réalisé dans un matériau élastomère, comprend une âme 30 appliquée contre l'âme 18 de la plaque collectrice 10 et pourvue de collets compressibles 32 susceptibles d'être comprimés chacun entre un collet 22 de la plaque collectrice et l'extrémité 34 de section circulaire d'un tube 14. L'âme 30 du joint 12 est pourvue d'un rebord 36 reçu dans la gorge 26 de la plaque collectrice et destiné à être comprimé par le bord périphérique (non représenté) d'une paroi de boîte à eau (non représentée). L'étanchéité entre la paroi de boîte à eau et la plaque collectrice est assurée par compression du rebord 36 après rabattement des pattes 28, et cela d'une manière en soit connue.The compressible seal 12, advantageously made of an elastomeric material, comprises a core 30 applied against the core 18 of the collector plate 10 and provided with compressible collars 32 capable of being compressed each between a collar 22 of the collector plate and the end 34 of circular section of a tube 14. The core 30 of the seal 12 is provided with a flange 36 received in the groove 26 of the collector plate and intended to be compressed by the peripheral edge (not shown) of a water box wall (not shown). The seal between the water box wall and the collector plate is ensured by compression of the flange 36 after folding the tabs 28, and this in a manner known.

La structure générale de l'échangeur de chaleur, telle qu'elle vient d'être décrite jusqu'ici est en elle-même connue. Chaque collet compressible 32 est comprimé entre un collet 22 de la plaque collectrice et l'extrémité 34 d'un tube 14, ce qui assure l'étanchéité du raccordement entre la plaque collectrice et les tubes du faisceau.The general structure of the heat exchanger, as just described so far, is known in itself. Each compressible collar 32 is compressed between a collar 22 of the collector plate and the end 34 of a tube 14, which seals the connection between the collector plate and the bundle tubes.

Conformément à l'invention, chaque extrémité 34 est pourvue d'un évasement 38 (figures 1 et 2) obtenu par déformation de la paroi du tube, dans une direction radiale par rapport à l'axe XX, au moyen d'un outil d'évasement approprié tel qu'un poinçon (non représenté).According to the invention, each end 34 is provided with a flaring 38 (Figures 1 and 2) obtained by deformation of the wall of the tube, in a radial direction relative to the axis XX, by means of a tool d suitable flare such as a punch (not shown).

Chacun de ces évasements est effectué du côté de la plaque collectrice qui porte le joint d'étanchéité, c'est-à-dire du côté opposé à celui tourné vers les ailettes 3.Each of these flares is carried out on the side of the collector plate which carries the seal, that is to say on the side opposite to that facing the fins 3.

Chaque évasement 38 présente une forme polygonale, dans l'exemple carrée, définie par quatre côtés 40 reliés deux à deux par des sommets arrondis 42. La réalisation d'un tel évasement de forme polygonale aux angles arrondis permet de réduire le taux d'allongement du tube par rapport au taux qu'il subirait si l'évasement avait été circulaire, comme dans la technique antérieure.Each flare 38 has a polygonal shape, in the square example, defined by four sides 40 connected in pairs by rounded vertices 42. The production of such a polygonal flare with rounded angles makes it possible to reduce the rate of elongation of the tube compared to the rate it would undergo if the flare had been circular, as in the prior art.

Comme déjà indiqué, ceci permet de supprimer les risques de formation de déchirures et de criques, mais aussi d'utiliser un tube métallique ne nécessitant pas un état métallurgique spécifique.As already indicated, this makes it possible to eliminate the risks of the formation of tears and cracks, but also to use a metal tube which does not require a specific metallurgical state.

Les tubes sont avantageusement formés d'un alliage d'aluminium ou encore d'un autre alliage métallique ductile.The tubes are advantageously formed from an aluminum alloy or from another ductile metal alloy.

Comme déjà indiqué, on peut utiliser un tube à l'état écroui, c'est-à-dire moins coûteux qu'un tube ayant subi un traitement thermique, et ayant en outre l'avantage d'être directement lubrifié d'étirage, ce qui évite une opération supplémentaire de lubrification lors de l'élaboration du faisceau de l'échangeur de chaleur.As already indicated, it is possible to use a tube in the hardened state, that is to say less expensive than a tube having undergone heat treatment, and having the further advantage of being directly lubricated drawing, which avoids an additional lubrication operation when developing the heat exchanger bundle.

Dans la forme de réalisation des figures 1 et 2, l'évasement 38 comporte une portion de paroi 44 délimitée par des génératrices parallèles à l'axe XX du tube et reliée au corps du tube par un épaulement 46. L'évasement 38 permet de retenir la plaque collectrice sur le faisceau des tubes 14.In the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2, the flare 38 comprises a wall portion 44 delimited by generatrices parallel to the axis XX of the tube and connected to the body of the tube by a shoulder 46. The flare 38 makes it possible to retain the collector plate on the tube bundle 14.

Dans la forme de réalisation de la figure 3, à laquelle on se réfère maintenant, l'extrémité 34 d'un tube 14 comporte un évasement 48 comportant une portion de paroi 50 de forme généralement tronconique.In the embodiment of Figure 3, to which we now refer, the end 34 of a tube 14 has a flare 48 having a wall portion 50 of generally frustoconical shape.

L'invention permet ainsi de réaliser un échangeur de chaleur dans lequel la plaque collectrice est parfaitement maintenue en position par rapport au faisceau de tubes.The invention thus makes it possible to produce a heat exchanger in which the collector plate is perfectly held in position relative to the bundle of tubes.

Les évasements décrits précédemment sont utilisés avant tout pour des échangeurs de chaleur à assemblage mécanique, mais peuvent être aussi utilisés pour des échangeurs de chaleur brasés, afin d'assurer la tenue mécanique de la plaque collectrice sur le faisceau de tubes, préalablement à l'opération de brasage.The flares described above are used above all for heat exchangers with mechanical assembly, but can also be used for brazed heat exchangers, in order to ensure the mechanical strength of the collector plate on the tube bundle, prior to the soldering operation.

Le cas échéant, chaque tube peut comporter un autre évasage, non polygonal, réalisé de manière en soi connue de l'autre côté de la plaque collectrice, par rapport au côté sur lequel débouchent les extrémités de tube.Where appropriate, each tube may comprise another non-polygonal flaring, produced in a manner known per se on the other side of the collector plate, relative to the side on which the tube ends open.

L'invention s'applique tout particulièrement aux échangeurs de chaleur des véhicules automobiles.The invention is particularly applicable to heat exchangers of motor vehicles.

Claims (7)

1. Échangeur de chaleur comprenant une plaque collectrice (10) munie de trous (20) sensiblement circulaires ainsi qu'un faisceau de tubes (14), dans lequel chaque tube (14) comporte une extrémité (34) de forme adaptée, reçue à étanchéité dans un trou (20) de la plaque collectrice (10), chaque extrémité (34) de tube étant pourvue d'un évasement (38 ; 48) obtenu par déformation de la paroi du tube, caractérisé en ce que l'évasement (38 ; 48) présente une forme polygonale définie par au moins trois côtés (40) reliés deux à deux par des sommets arrondis (42). 1. Heat exchanger comprising a collecting plate (10) provided with substantially circular holes (20) as well as a bundle of tubes (14), in which each tube (14) has an end (34) of suitable shape, received at sealing in a hole (20) of the collector plate (10), each end (34) of the tube being provided with a flare (38; 48) obtained by deformation of the wall of the tube, characterized in that the flare ( 38; 48) has a polygonal shape defined by at least three sides (40) connected in pairs by rounded vertices (42). 2. Échangeur de chaleur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'évasement (38 ; 48) présente une forme polygonale à quatre côtés (40). 2. Heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that the flare (38; 48) has a polygonal shape with four sides (40). 3. Échangeur de chaleur selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que l'évasement (38 ; 48) a une forme carrée. 3. Heat exchanger according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the flare (38; 48) has a square shape. 4. Échangeur de chaleur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que l'évasement (38) comporte une portion de paroi (44) à génératrices parallèles à l'axe (XX) du tube (14). 4. Heat exchanger according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the flare (38) has a wall portion (44) with generatrices parallel to the axis (XX) of the tube (14). 4. Échangeur de chaleur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que l'évasement (48) comporte une portion de paroi généralement tronconique (50). 4. Heat exchanger according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the flare (48) comprises a generally frustoconical wall portion (50). 6. Échangeur de chaleur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, comportant un joint d'étanchéité compressible (12) muni de collets (32) compressibles interposés chacun entre un collet (22) bordant un trou (20) de la plaque collectrice et l'extrémité (34) du tube (14) reçue dans le trou, caractérisé en ce que l'évasement (38 ; 48) de l'extrémité (14) du tube sert d'évasement de retenue du tube. 6. Heat exchanger according to one of claims 1 to 5, comprising a compressible seal (12) provided with compressible collars (32) each interposed between a collar (22) bordering a hole (20) of the collector plate and the end (34) of the tube (14) received in the hole, characterized in that the flare (38; 48) of the end (14) of the tube serves as a tube retaining flare. 7. Échangeur de chaleur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que chaque tube (14) du faisceau est formé d'un matériau métallique, par exemple en alliage d'aluminium, à l'état écroui. 7. Heat exchanger according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that each tube (14) of the bundle is formed of a metallic material, for example aluminum alloy, in the strain-hardened state.
EP93402417A 1992-10-02 1993-10-01 Heat exchanger with tubes having a flared end Withdrawn EP0591068A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9211679 1992-10-02
FR9211679A FR2696534B1 (en) 1992-10-02 1992-10-02 Tube heat exchanger fitted with a flare.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0591068A1 true EP0591068A1 (en) 1994-04-06

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ID=9434066

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93402417A Withdrawn EP0591068A1 (en) 1992-10-02 1993-10-01 Heat exchanger with tubes having a flared end

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US5431218A (en)
EP (1) EP0591068A1 (en)
JP (1) JPH06194088A (en)
KR (1) KR100311834B1 (en)
BR (1) BR9303974A (en)
FR (1) FR2696534B1 (en)
MX (1) MX9306123A (en)

Cited By (2)

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DE4436027A1 (en) * 1994-10-08 1996-04-11 Behr Gmbh & Co Sealed connection between tube plate and coolant box
WO2017114089A1 (en) * 2015-12-29 2017-07-06 江西鑫田车业有限公司 Heat dissipation device

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US7234511B1 (en) * 1995-06-13 2007-06-26 Philip George Lesage Modular heat exchanger having a brazed core and method for forming
FR2783907B1 (en) * 1998-09-25 2000-12-22 Valeo Thermique Moteur Sa REDUCED HEAT EXCHANGER, PARTICULARLY FOR A MOTOR VEHICLE
AU2003264867A1 (en) * 2003-08-12 2005-02-25 Nico System, S.R.L. Method and machinery for manufacturing a radiator element, radiator element and radiator
CA2443496C (en) * 2003-09-30 2011-10-11 Dana Canada Corporation Tube bundle heat exchanger comprising tubes with expanded sections
FR2977932A1 (en) * 2011-07-12 2013-01-18 Valeo Systemes Thermiques COLLECTOR BOX, HEAT EXCHANGER AND CORRESPONDING ASSEMBLY METHOD
US8960525B2 (en) 2013-01-31 2015-02-24 General Electric Company Brazing process and plate assembly
FR3037643B1 (en) * 2015-06-22 2019-07-12 Valeo Systemes Thermiques HEAT EXCHANGER AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME
DE102016207319A1 (en) * 2016-04-28 2017-11-02 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Heat exchanger and method for producing such a heat exchanger
TWM550369U (en) * 2017-07-25 2017-10-11 Cryomax Cooling System Corp Reinforced connection sheet set for water pipe

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FR1137529A (en) * 1954-09-04 1957-05-29 Ind Co Kleinewefers Konst Molded heat exchanger tube
DE1551448A1 (en) * 1967-02-17 1970-04-16 Daimler Benz Ag Heat exchangers, especially for portable gas turbines
FR2093349A5 (en) * 1970-06-11 1972-01-28 Ferodo Sa
FR2318399A2 (en) * 1975-03-14 1977-02-11 Chausson Usines Sa RADIATOR WITH MECHANICALLY ASSEMBLED ELEMENTS
FR2304885A1 (en) * 1975-03-19 1976-10-15 Togashi Akira Mounting and retaining exchanger tubes
EP0565813A1 (en) * 1992-04-16 1993-10-20 Längerer &amp; Reich GmbH &amp; Co. Heat-exchanger

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4436027A1 (en) * 1994-10-08 1996-04-11 Behr Gmbh & Co Sealed connection between tube plate and coolant box
WO2017114089A1 (en) * 2015-12-29 2017-07-06 江西鑫田车业有限公司 Heat dissipation device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH06194088A (en) 1994-07-15
KR100311834B1 (en) 2001-12-17
FR2696534B1 (en) 1994-12-02
US5431218A (en) 1995-07-11
KR940009651A (en) 1994-05-20
FR2696534A1 (en) 1994-04-08
MX9306123A (en) 1994-04-29
BR9303974A (en) 1994-04-12

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