EP0567397A1 - Heat-exchanger having a finned tube bundle and a header box - Google Patents

Heat-exchanger having a finned tube bundle and a header box Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0567397A1
EP0567397A1 EP93401032A EP93401032A EP0567397A1 EP 0567397 A1 EP0567397 A1 EP 0567397A1 EP 93401032 A EP93401032 A EP 93401032A EP 93401032 A EP93401032 A EP 93401032A EP 0567397 A1 EP0567397 A1 EP 0567397A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
manifold
collector
tubes
fins
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP93401032A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Michel Potier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Valeo Thermique Moteur SA
Original Assignee
Valeo Thermique Moteur SA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Valeo Thermique Moteur SA filed Critical Valeo Thermique Moteur SA
Publication of EP0567397A1 publication Critical patent/EP0567397A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/04Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates
    • F28F9/16Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling
    • F28F9/165Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling by using additional preformed parts, e.g. sleeves, gaskets
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/053Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
    • F28D1/05316Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02Header boxes; End plates
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/06Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of plastics material
    • F28F21/067Details
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2265/00Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction
    • F28F2265/32Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction for limiting movements, e.g. stops, locking means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heat exchanger, in particular for a motor vehicle, of the type comprising a bundle of finned tubes and a manifold-water box assembly.
  • the above-mentioned immobilization means make it possible to establish a rigid connection between the bundle of tubes and the manifold-water box assembly. This connection is thus opposed to the relative movements of the tube bundle with respect to the collector which are likely to occur when such an exchanger is manipulated before or during its mounting in a vehicle, or when it has been mounted in the vehicle.
  • the immobilization means comprise tabs which engage in notches formed on the edges of the fins of the bundle, or alternatively fingers which engage in aligned openings formed in the fins.
  • the object of the invention is in particular to overcome such a drawback.
  • a heat exchanger of the type defined in the introduction which comprises at least one immobilizing element which passes through the collector and extends beyond the collector in a direction parallel to that of the tubes, each of the elements immobilizer passing through an opening formed in the manifold and comprising an extension bearing on the longitudinal edges of a group of several fins, which is located adjacent to the manifold.
  • the heat exchanger of the invention can be made from fins of standard type, that is to say which do not have notches or openings as was the case in the aforementioned document.
  • the support is carried out on sides of the beam formed by the longitudinal edges of the fins, and this without it being necessary to provide notches, as was the case in the prior art.
  • each immobilizing element comprises a retaining head capable of engaging in a bowl surrounding an opening of the collector, this head being connected to the above-mentioned extension.
  • immobilizing elements constitute independent parts which are introduced through suitable openings made in the collector, so that their respective extensions come to bear on the longitudinal edges of the aforementioned group of fins.
  • the invention provides that this sheet also covers the respective heads of the immobilizing elements. In this way, a seal is guaranteed at the openings made in the manifold and traversed by the immobilizing elements.
  • the heat exchanger advantageously comprises support members depending on the water box and each serving as a stop for a head of an immobilizing element, to oppose the withdrawal of the latter.
  • the support members thus oppose any untimely movement of the immobilizing elements.
  • each immobilizing element depends on the water box and is formed in one piece with it.
  • each immobilizing element then passes through the sealing sheet.
  • each immobilization element advantageously comprises a flat forming a retaining shoulder for the group of fins.
  • the heat exchanger shown in FIG. 1 comprises a bundle 10 formed of a single row of aligned tubes 12, provided with planar fins 14 parallel to each other and extending perpendicular to the direction of the tubes 12.
  • Each tube 12 has one end 16 mounted to seal in a hole, here circular, formed through a manifold 18, also called a plate with holes.
  • a manifold 18 also called a plate with holes.
  • Each of the manifold holes is provided with a folded edge 20 forming a collar and directed towards the side of the fins 14 of the bundle.
  • the collector 16 comprises, at its periphery, crimping lugs 22 intended to be folded down on a peripheral rim 24, of generally rectangular outline, forming part of a water box 26.
  • the water box 26 thus delimits with the collector 18 an interior volume 28 communicating with the tubes of the bundle. Sealing at the ends 16 of the tubes 12 is ensured by an elastomer sheet 30 which covers one face of the manifold 18 and which includes collars 32 clamped between the edges 20 of the holes in the manifold and the ends 16 of the tubes 12.
  • a heat exchanger having the structure as described above is of a type known per se and usually comprises, at the other end of the bundle 10, another collector-water box assembly.
  • Such a heat exchanger because it comprises a single row of aligned tubes 12, can undergo, before or during its mounting in a vehicle or when it has been mounted in the vehicle, relative movements of the bundle 10 relative to to the manifold 18, by twisting or pivoting. In such a case, the collars 32 of the sheet 30 are crushed between the ends 16 of the tubes and the edges 20 of the holes in the manifold, which can cause the collars 32 to be cut and therefore risk of leakage.
  • the invention makes it possible to avoid this drawback by providing immobilization means capable of establishing a rigid connection between the bundle 10 and the assembly formed by the manifold 18 and the water box 26, without this being necessary. to provide fins 14 of particular structure.
  • the heat exchanger comprises at least one immobilizing element 34, in the form of a column, which depends on the water box 26 by being formed in one piece with it by molding of a plastic material.
  • the element 34 forming a column extends in a direction parallel to that of the tubes 12 and comprises an end 36 attached to the bottom of the water box 26 and a free end 38 introduced into the end 16 of a tube 12. This end 38 extends over a sufficient length inside end 16 to pass through the manifold 18 and go beyond it.
  • the immobilizing element 34 forming a column has a circular cross section whose external diameter corresponds to the internal diameter of the end 16 of the tube 12 in order to be able to adjust therein.
  • the element 34 has a section of constant shape and it is provided with two opposite grooves 40 extending parallel to the axis of the element 34.
  • the grooves 40 form two peripheral passages allowing fluid communication between the tube 12 and the interior volume 28 of the water box.
  • the heat exchanger comprises at least two elements 34 molded with the water box and cooperating, by their respective ends 38, with two of the tubes of the bundle. Indeed, it is not necessary to provide as many elements 34 as there are tubes in the row of the bundle.
  • the heat exchanger comprises immobilizing elements 42 forming pins, each of which passes through an opening 44 formed in the collector 18.
  • Each of the elements 42 comprises a retaining head 46 suitable for engaging in a bowl 48 formed by stamping the manifold 18 and surrounding the opening 44.
  • the bowl 48 turns its concavity towards the inside 28 of the water box so as to receive the retaining head 46 of the element engaged from inside the water box.
  • Each of the immobilizing elements 42 further comprises an extension 50 capable of coming to bear on the longitudinal edges of a group of several fins as shown in FIG. 3.
  • the respective extensions 50 of the elements 42 extend parallel to the direction tubes 12 of the bundle and are arranged on either side of the row R of the tubes (FIG. 4). It then suffices to provide at least two elements 42 capable of coming to bear on one face 52 of the beam, and at least two other elements 42 capable of coming to bear on an opposite face 54 of the beam (FIG. 4).
  • the faces 52 and 54 are each defined by longitudinal edges of the fins of the group mentioned above.
  • the sealing sheet 30 which covers the manifold 18 also covers the respective heads 46 of the elements 42. This guarantees the seal at the crossing of the elements 42 in the openings 44.
  • each element 42 comprises a flat 56 forming a retaining shoulder for the group of fins mentioned above, which makes it possible to maintain a determined spacing between the first fin of the bundle and the manifold 18.
  • the heat exchanger of Figures 3 and 4 further comprises support members 58 depending on the water box 26 and formed in one piece with it.
  • Each support member 58 ends with a base 60 suitable for serving as a stop in axial translation by coming into abutment against a head 46 of an element 42, with interposition of the sheet 30. In this way, we oppose the untimely removal of the elements 42.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6, to which we now refer, show an alternative embodiment which is similar to that of FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • the heat exchanger also includes immobilizing elements 62 which play the same function as the elements 42 described above.
  • the elements 62 depend on the water box 26 and are formed in one piece with it, for example by molding a plastic material. These elements extend in a direction parallel to that of the tubes. They also pass through the openings 44 of the manifold 18 and have respective extensions 64 which extend beyond the manifold. Each extension 64 has a flat 66 forming a retaining shoulder for a group of fins, located adjacent to the manifold 18. It should be noted that each of the elements 62 passes through the sheet 30 in leaktight fashion, the latter being compressed each time between an element 62 and the corresponding bowl 48.
  • a rigid connection is provided between the bundle and the manifold-water box assembly, without the need to provide fins of particular structure.
  • the invention is particularly intended for heat exchangers for motor vehicles, that is to say engine cooling radiators or even passenger compartment heating radiators.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

The heat exchanger includes a finned tube bundle (12) and a manifold/header box assembly (26). The ends (16) of the tubes (12) are mounted sealed in the holes of a manifold (18), and at least one locking element (34) passes through the manifold (18) and extends beyond the latter in a direction parallel to that of the tubes. This element (34) includes an extension which comes to bear on the longitudinal edges (52,54) of a group of fins (14) adjacent to the manifold (18). <??>Application in particular to heat exchangers for motor vehicles. <IMAGE>

Description

L'invention concerne un échangeur de chaleur, en particulier pour véhicule automobile, du type comprenant un faisceau de tubes à ailettes et un ensemble collecteur-boîte à eau.The invention relates to a heat exchanger, in particular for a motor vehicle, of the type comprising a bundle of finned tubes and a manifold-water box assembly.

On connaît déjà, d'après le document FR-A-2 560 368, un échangeur de chaleur de ce type dans lequel les extrémités des tubes sont montées à étanchéité dans les trous d'un collecteur sur lequel est fixée une boite à eau, et dans lequel des moyens d'immobilisation sont prévus pour s'opposer à un déplacement relatif, en particulier par pivotement ou torsion, du faisceau par rapport au collecteur.Already known, from document FR-A-2 560 368, a heat exchanger of this type in which the ends of the tubes are sealingly mounted in the holes of a collector on which a water box is fixed, and in which immobilization means are provided to oppose relative movement, in particular by pivoting or twisting, of the beam relative to the collector.

Dans les échangeurs de chaleur connus de ce type, l'étanchéité entre les extrémités des tubes et les bords des trous du collecteur est généralement assurée par une feuille en élastomère ou matière analogue que recouvre une face du collecteur et présente des collets engagés dans les trous du collecteur, entre les extrémités des tubes et les bords de ces trous.In known heat exchangers of this type, the seal between the ends of the tubes and the edges of the collector holes is generally ensured by a sheet of elastomer or similar material which covers one face of the collector and has collars engaged in the holes. of the manifold, between the ends of the tubes and the edges of these holes.

Dans l'échangeur de chaleur du document FR-A-2 560 368, les moyens d'immobilisation précités permettent d'établir une liaison rigide entre le faisceau de tubes et l'ensemble collecteur-boîte à eau. Cette liaison s'oppose ainsi aux mouvements relatifs du faisceau de tubes par rapport au collecteur qui sont susceptibles de se produire lorsque un tel échangeur est manipulé avant ou pendant son montage dans un véhicule, ou lorsqu'il a été monté dans le véhicule.In the heat exchanger of document FR-A-2 560 368, the above-mentioned immobilization means make it possible to establish a rigid connection between the bundle of tubes and the manifold-water box assembly. This connection is thus opposed to the relative movements of the tube bundle with respect to the collector which are likely to occur when such an exchanger is manipulated before or during its mounting in a vehicle, or when it has been mounted in the vehicle.

De tels mouvements relatifs, qui sont nuisibles à l'étanchéité entre les extrémités des tubes et les bords des trous du collecteur, se produisent surtout dans le cas où le faisceau comprend une seule rangée de tubes alignés.Such relative movements, which are detrimental to sealing between the ends of the tubes and the edges of the manifold holes, occur especially in the case where the bundle comprises a single row of aligned tubes.

Dans l'échangeur de chaleur connu du document précité, les moyens d'immobilisation comportent des pattes qui viennent s'engagerdans des encoches ménagées sur les bords des ailettes du faisceau, ou encore des doigts qui viennent s'engager dans des ouvertures alignées ménagées dans les ailettes.In the heat exchanger known from the aforementioned document, the immobilization means comprise tabs which engage in notches formed on the edges of the fins of the bundle, or alternatively fingers which engage in aligned openings formed in the fins.

Il en résulte pour inconvénient qu'il faut prévoir des ailettes de structure particulière, et non pas des ailettes standard.This results in the drawback that it is necessary to provide fins of particular structure, and not standard fins.

L'invention a notamment pour but de surmonter un tel inconvénient.The object of the invention is in particular to overcome such a drawback.

Elle propose, à cet effet, un échangeurde chaleur du type défini en introduction, lequel comprend au moins un élément d'immobilisation qui traverse le collecteur et s'étend au-delà du collecteur dans une direction parallèle à celle des tubes, chacun des éléments d'immobilisation traversant à étanchéité une ouverture ménagée dans le collecteur et comportant un prolongement venant en appui sur les bords longitudinaux d'un groupe de plusieurs ailettes, qui est situé adjacent au collecteur.To this end, it proposes a heat exchanger of the type defined in the introduction, which comprises at least one immobilizing element which passes through the collector and extends beyond the collector in a direction parallel to that of the tubes, each of the elements immobilizer passing through an opening formed in the manifold and comprising an extension bearing on the longitudinal edges of a group of several fins, which is located adjacent to the manifold.

De cette façon, l'échangeur de chaleur de l'invention peut être réalisé à partir d'ailettes de type standard, c'est-à-dire qui ne comportent pas d'encoches ou d'ouvertures comme c'était le cas dans le document précité.In this way, the heat exchanger of the invention can be made from fins of standard type, that is to say which do not have notches or openings as was the case in the aforementioned document.

Dans ce cas, l'appui s'effectue sur des côtés du faisceau formés par les bords longitudinaux des ailettes, et cela sans qu'il soit nécessaire de prévoir des encoches, comme c'était le cas dans la technique antérieure.In this case, the support is carried out on sides of the beam formed by the longitudinal edges of the fins, and this without it being necessary to provide notches, as was the case in the prior art.

Dans une première variante, chaque élément d'immobilisation comporte une tête de retenue propre à s'engager dans une cuvette entourant une ouverture du collecteur, cette tête se rattachant au prolongement précité.In a first variant, each immobilizing element comprises a retaining head capable of engaging in a bowl surrounding an opening of the collector, this head being connected to the above-mentioned extension.

Ces éléments d'immobilisation constituent des pièces indépendantes qui sont introduites au travers d'ouvertures appropriées ménagées dans le collecteur, de sorte que leurs prolongement respectifs viennent en appui sur les bords longitudinaux du groupe d'ailettes précité.These immobilizing elements constitute independent parts which are introduced through suitable openings made in the collector, so that their respective extensions come to bear on the longitudinal edges of the aforementioned group of fins.

Dans le cas où l'échangeur de chaleur comprend une feuille d'étanchéité en élastomère ou analogue recouvrant le collecteur, l'invention prévoit que cette feuille recouvre aussi les têtes respectives des éléments d'immobilisation. De cette manière, on garantit une étanchéité au niveau des ouvertures ménagées dans le collecteur et traversées par les éléments d'immobilisation.In the case where the heat exchanger comprises an elastomeric sealing sheet or the like covering the collector, the invention provides that this sheet also covers the respective heads of the immobilizing elements. In this way, a seal is guaranteed at the openings made in the manifold and traversed by the immobilizing elements.

Dans cette variante, l'échangeur de chaleur comprend avantageusement des organes d'appui dépendant de la boite à eau et servant chacun de butée à une tête d'un élément d'immobilisation, pour s'opposer au retrait de ce dernier.In this variant, the heat exchanger advantageously comprises support members depending on the water box and each serving as a stop for a head of an immobilizing element, to oppose the withdrawal of the latter.

Les organes d'appui s'opposent ainsi à tout mouvement intempestif des éléments d'immobilisation.The support members thus oppose any untimely movement of the immobilizing elements.

Dans une autre variante de réalisation, qui s'apparente étroitement à la précédente, chaque élément d'immobilisation dépend de la boîte à eau et est formé d'une seule pièce avec elle.In another alternative embodiment, which closely resembles the previous one, each immobilizing element depends on the water box and is formed in one piece with it.

Dans le cas où l'échangeur de chaleur comprend une feuille d'étanchéité en élastomère ou analogue recouvrant le collecteur, chaque élément d'immobilisation traverse alors à étanchéité cette feuille d'étanchéité.In the case where the heat exchanger comprises an elastomeric sealing sheet or the like covering the collector, each immobilizing element then passes through the sealing sheet.

Dans l'une ou l'autre des deux variantes précitées, le prolongement de chaque élément d'immobili- i-sation comporte avantageusement un méplat formant épaulement de retenue pour le groupe d'ailettes.In either of the two aforementioned variants, the extension of each immobilization element advantageously comprises a flat forming a retaining shoulder for the group of fins.

De cette manière, on garantit un écartement approprié entre la première ailette du faisceau et le collecteur.In this way, an appropriate spacing is guaranteed between the first fin of the bundle and the manifold.

Dans la description qui suit, faite seulement à titre d'exemple, on se réfère au dessin annexé, sur lequel :

  • - la figure 1 est une vue partielle en coupe transversale d'un échangeur de chaleur selon une première forme de réalisation de l'invention ;
  • - la figure 2 est une vue en coupe selon la ligne II-II de la figure 1 ;
  • - la figure 3 est une vue partielle en coupe transversale, selon la ligne III-III de la figure 4, d'un échangeur de chaleur selon une autre forme de réalisation de l'invention ;
  • - la figure 4 est une vue partielle en coupe selon la ligne IV IV de la figure 3 ;
  • - la figure 5 est une vue partielle en coupe transversale, selon la ligne V-V de la figure 6, d'un échangeur de chaleur selon une variante de réalisation ; et
  • - la figure 6 est une vue partielle en coupe selon la ligne VI-VI de la figure 5.
In the description which follows, given solely by way of example, reference is made to the attached drawing, in which:
  • - Figure 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of a heat exchanger according to a first embodiment of the invention;
  • - Figure 2 is a sectional view along line II-II of Figure 1;
  • - Figure 3 is a partial view in trans section versale, along line III-III of FIG. 4, of a heat exchanger according to another embodiment of the invention;
  • - Figure 4 is a partial sectional view along line IV IV of Figure 3;
  • - Figure 5 is a partial cross-sectional view, along line VV of Figure 6, of a heat exchanger according to an alternative embodiment; and
  • - Figure 6 is a partial sectional view along line VI-VI of Figure 5.

L'échangeur de chaleur représenté à la figure 1 comprend un faisceau 10 formé d'une seule rangée de tubes 12 alignés, munis d'ailettes planes 14 parallèles entre elles et s'étendant perpendiculairement à la direction des tubes 12.The heat exchanger shown in FIG. 1 comprises a bundle 10 formed of a single row of aligned tubes 12, provided with planar fins 14 parallel to each other and extending perpendicular to the direction of the tubes 12.

Chaque tube 12 possède une extrémité 16 montée à étanchéité dans un trou, ici circulaire, formé au travers d'un collecteur 18, encore appelé plaque à trous. Chacun des trous du collecteur est muni d'un bord rabattu 20 formant collet et dirigé du côté des ailettes 14 du faisceau.Each tube 12 has one end 16 mounted to seal in a hole, here circular, formed through a manifold 18, also called a plate with holes. Each of the manifold holes is provided with a folded edge 20 forming a collar and directed towards the side of the fins 14 of the bundle.

Le collecteur 16 comprend, à sa périphérie, des pattes de sertissage 22 destinées à être rabattues sur un rebord périphérique 24, à contour général rectangulaire, faisant partie d'une boîte à eau 26. La boîte à eau 26 délimite ainsi avec le collecteur 18 un volume intérieur 28 communiquant avec les tubes du faisceau. L'étanchéité au niveau des extrémités 16 des tubes 12 est assurée par une feuille d'élastomère 30 qui recouvre une face du collecteur 18 et qui comprend des collets 32 serrés entre les bords 20 des trous du collecteur et les extrémités 16 des tubes 12.The collector 16 comprises, at its periphery, crimping lugs 22 intended to be folded down on a peripheral rim 24, of generally rectangular outline, forming part of a water box 26. The water box 26 thus delimits with the collector 18 an interior volume 28 communicating with the tubes of the bundle. Sealing at the ends 16 of the tubes 12 is ensured by an elastomer sheet 30 which covers one face of the manifold 18 and which includes collars 32 clamped between the edges 20 of the holes in the manifold and the ends 16 of the tubes 12.

Un échangeur de chaleur ayant la structure telle que décrite précédemment est d'un type connu en soi et comporte habituellement, à l'autre extrémité du faisceau 10, un autre ensemble collecteur-boite à eau.A heat exchanger having the structure as described above is of a type known per se and usually comprises, at the other end of the bundle 10, another collector-water box assembly.

Un tel échangeur de chaleur, du fait qu'il comprend une seule rangée de tubes 12 alignés, peut subir, avant ou pendant son montage dans un véhicule ou lorsqu'il a été monté dans le véhicule, des mouvements relatifs du faisceau 10 par rapport au collecteur 18, par torsion ou par pivotement. En pareil cas, les collets 32 de la feuille 30 se trouvent écrasés entre les extrémités 16 des tubes et les bords 20 des trous du collecteur, ce qui peut occasionner des coupures des collets 32 et par conséquent des risques de fuite.Such a heat exchanger, because it comprises a single row of aligned tubes 12, can undergo, before or during its mounting in a vehicle or when it has been mounted in the vehicle, relative movements of the bundle 10 relative to to the manifold 18, by twisting or pivoting. In such a case, the collars 32 of the sheet 30 are crushed between the ends 16 of the tubes and the edges 20 of the holes in the manifold, which can cause the collars 32 to be cut and therefore risk of leakage.

L'invention permet d'éviter cet inconvénient en prévoyant des moyens d'immobilisation propres à établir une liaison rigide entre le faisceau 10 et l'ensemble formé par le collecteur 18 et la boîte à eau 26, et cela sans qu'il soit nécessaire de prévoir d'ailettes 14 de structure particulière.The invention makes it possible to avoid this drawback by providing immobilization means capable of establishing a rigid connection between the bundle 10 and the assembly formed by the manifold 18 and the water box 26, without this being necessary. to provide fins 14 of particular structure.

Dans la forme de réalisation de la figure 1, l'échangeur de chaleur comprend au moins un élément d'immobilisation 34, en forme de colonne, qui dépend de la boîte à eau 26 en étant formé d'une seule pièce avec elle par moulage d'une matière plastique. L'élément 34 formant colonne s'étend dans une direction parallèle à celle des tubes 12 et comprend une extrémité 36 rattachée au fond de la boîte à eau 26 et une extrémité libre 38 introduite dans l'extrémité 16 d'un tube 12. Cette extrémité 38 s'étend sur une longueur suffisante à l'intérieur de l'extrémité 16 pour traverser le collecteur 18 et aller au-delà de celui-ci.In the embodiment of Figure 1, the heat exchanger comprises at least one immobilizing element 34, in the form of a column, which depends on the water box 26 by being formed in one piece with it by molding of a plastic material. The element 34 forming a column extends in a direction parallel to that of the tubes 12 and comprises an end 36 attached to the bottom of the water box 26 and a free end 38 introduced into the end 16 of a tube 12. This end 38 extends over a sufficient length inside end 16 to pass through the manifold 18 and go beyond it.

Comme montré à la figure 2, l'élément d'immobilisation 34 formant colonne possède une section droite circulaire dont le diamètre externe correspond au diamètre interne de l'extrémité 16 du tube 12 afin de pouvoir s'ajuster dans celle-ci. L'élément 34 possède une section de forme constante et il est muni de deux rainures opposées 40 s'étendant parallèlement à l'axe de l'élément 34. Ainsi, après montage du collecteur, l'extrémité 38 d'un élément 34 s'oppose à tout déplacement relatif du faisceau par rapport à l'ensemble collecteur-boite à eau. Par ailleurs, les rainures 40 forment deux passages périphériques permettant une communication de fluide entre le tube 12 et le volume intérieur 28 de la boîte à eau.As shown in Figure 2, the immobilizing element 34 forming a column has a circular cross section whose external diameter corresponds to the internal diameter of the end 16 of the tube 12 in order to be able to adjust therein. The element 34 has a section of constant shape and it is provided with two opposite grooves 40 extending parallel to the axis of the element 34. Thus, after mounting of the manifold, the end 38 of an element 34 s 'opposes any relative movement of the beam relative to the collector-water box assembly. Furthermore, the grooves 40 form two peripheral passages allowing fluid communication between the tube 12 and the interior volume 28 of the water box.

De préférence, l'échangeur de chaleur comprend au moins deux éléments 34 venus de moulage avec la boîte à eau et coopérant, par leurs extrémités respectives 38, avec deux des tubes du faisceau. En effet, il n'est pas nécessaire de prévoir autant d'éléments 34 qu'il y a de tubes dans la rangée du faisceau.Preferably, the heat exchanger comprises at least two elements 34 molded with the water box and cooperating, by their respective ends 38, with two of the tubes of the bundle. Indeed, it is not necessary to provide as many elements 34 as there are tubes in the row of the bundle.

Dans la forme de la réalisation des figures 3 et 4, auxquelles on se réfère maintenant, l'échangeur de chaleur comprend des éléments d'immobilisation 42 formant pions, dont chacun traverse à étanchéité une ouverture 44 ménagée dans le collecteur 18. Chacun des éléments 42 comporte une tête de retenue 46 propre à s'engager dans une cuvette 48 formée par emboutissage du collecteur 18 et entourant l'ouverture 44. La cuvette 48 tourne sa concavité vers l'intérieur 28 de la boîte à eau de manière à recevoir la tête de retenue 46 de l'élément engagé à partir de l'intérieur de la boîte à eau.In the embodiment of FIGS. 3 and 4, to which reference is now made, the heat exchanger comprises immobilizing elements 42 forming pins, each of which passes through an opening 44 formed in the collector 18. Each of the elements 42 comprises a retaining head 46 suitable for engaging in a bowl 48 formed by stamping the manifold 18 and surrounding the opening 44. The bowl 48 turns its concavity towards the inside 28 of the water box so as to receive the retaining head 46 of the element engaged from inside the water box.

Chacun des éléments d'immobilisation 42 comprend en outre un prolongement 50 propre à venir en appui sur les bords longitudinaux d'un groupe de plusieurs ailettes comme montré à la figure 3. Les prolongements respectifs 50 des éléments 42 s'étendent parallèlement à la direction des tubes 12 du faisceau et sont disposés de part et d'autre de la rangée R des tubes (figure 4). Il suffit alors de prévoir au moins deux éléments 42 propres à venir en appui sur une face 52 du faisceau, et au moins deux autres éléments 42 propres à venir en appui sur une face opposée 54 du faisceau (figure 4). Les faces 52 et 54 sont définies chacune par des bords longitudinaux des ailettes du groupe mentionné précédemment.Each of the immobilizing elements 42 further comprises an extension 50 capable of coming to bear on the longitudinal edges of a group of several fins as shown in FIG. 3. The respective extensions 50 of the elements 42 extend parallel to the direction tubes 12 of the bundle and are arranged on either side of the row R of the tubes (FIG. 4). It then suffices to provide at least two elements 42 capable of coming to bear on one face 52 of the beam, and at least two other elements 42 capable of coming to bear on an opposite face 54 of the beam (FIG. 4). The faces 52 and 54 are each defined by longitudinal edges of the fins of the group mentioned above.

Comme montré à la figure 3, la feuille d'étanchéité 30 qui recouvre le collecteur 18 recouvre aussi les têtes respectives 46 des éléments 42. Ceci garantit l'étanchéité au niveau de la traversée des éléments 42 dans les ouvertures 44.As shown in FIG. 3, the sealing sheet 30 which covers the manifold 18 also covers the respective heads 46 of the elements 42. This guarantees the seal at the crossing of the elements 42 in the openings 44.

Comme montré à la figure 3, le prolongement 50 de chaque élément 42 comporte un méplat 56 formant épaulement de retenue pour le groupe d'ailettes mentionné précédemment, ce qui permet de maintenir un espacement déterminé entre la première ailette du faisceau et le collecteur 18.As shown in FIG. 3, the extension 50 of each element 42 comprises a flat 56 forming a retaining shoulder for the group of fins mentioned above, which makes it possible to maintain a determined spacing between the first fin of the bundle and the manifold 18.

L'échangeur de chaleur des figures 3 et 4 comprend en outre des organes d'appui 58 dépendant de la boîte à eau 26 et formés d'une seule pièce avec elle. Chaque organe d'appui 58 se termine par une base 60 propre à servir de butée en translation axiale en venant en butée contre une tête 46 d'un élément 42, avec interposition de la feuille 30. De cette manière, on s'oppose au retrait intempestif des éléments 42.The heat exchanger of Figures 3 and 4 further comprises support members 58 depending on the water box 26 and formed in one piece with it. Each support member 58 ends with a base 60 suitable for serving as a stop in axial translation by coming into abutment against a head 46 of an element 42, with interposition of the sheet 30. In this way, we oppose the untimely removal of the elements 42.

Les figures 5 et 6, auxquelles on se réfère maintenant, montrent une variante de réalisation qui s'apparente à celle des figures 3 et 4.FIGS. 5 and 6, to which we now refer, show an alternative embodiment which is similar to that of FIGS. 3 and 4.

L'échangeur de chaleur comprend aussi des éléments d'immobilisation 62 qui jouent la même fonction que les éléments 42 décrits précédemment. Dans cette forme de réalisation, les éléments 62 dépendent de la boîte à eau 26 et sont formés d'une seule pièce avec elle, par exemple par moulage d'une matière plastique. Ces éléments s'étendent dans une direction parallèle à celle des tubes. Ils traversent également les ouvertures 44 du collecteur 18 et possèdent des prolongements respectifs 64 qui s'étendent au-delà du collecteur. Chaque prolongement 64 possède un méplat 66 formant épaulement de retenue pour un groupe d'ailettes, situé adjacent au collecteur 18. Il est à remarquer que chacun des éléments 62 traverse à étanchéité la feuille 30, celle-ci se trouvant comprimée à chaque fois entre un élément 62 et la cuvette 48 correspondante.The heat exchanger also includes immobilizing elements 62 which play the same function as the elements 42 described above. In this embodiment, the elements 62 depend on the water box 26 and are formed in one piece with it, for example by molding a plastic material. These elements extend in a direction parallel to that of the tubes. They also pass through the openings 44 of the manifold 18 and have respective extensions 64 which extend beyond the manifold. Each extension 64 has a flat 66 forming a retaining shoulder for a group of fins, located adjacent to the manifold 18. It should be noted that each of the elements 62 passes through the sheet 30 in leaktight fashion, the latter being compressed each time between an element 62 and the corresponding bowl 48.

Dans les différentes formes de réalisation décrites précédemment, on assure une liaison rigide entre le faisceau et l'ensemble collecteur-boite à eau, sans qu'il soit nécessaire de prévoir des ailettes de structure particulière.In the various embodiments described above, a rigid connection is provided between the bundle and the manifold-water box assembly, without the need to provide fins of particular structure.

L'invention est destinée tout particulièrement à des échangeurs de chaleur pour véhicules automobiles, c'est-à-dire des radiateurs de refroidissement du moteur ou encore des radiateurs de chauffage de l'habitacle.The invention is particularly intended for heat exchangers for motor vehicles, that is to say engine cooling radiators or even passenger compartment heating radiators.

Claims (7)

1. Echangeur de chaleur du type comprenant un faisceau (10) de tubes (12) munis d'ailettes (14), dans lequel les extrémités (16) des tubes sont montées à étanchéité dans les trous d'un collecteur (18) sur lequel est fixée une boîte à eau (26), et dans lequel des moyens d'immobilisation sont prévus pour s'opposer à un déplacement relatif, en particulier par pivotement ou torsion, du faisceau par rapport au collecteur, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend au moins un élément d'immobilisation (34 ; 42 ; 62) qui traverse le collecteur (18) et s'étend au-delà du collecteur dans une direction parallèle à celle des tubes (12) et en ce que chacun des éléments d'immobilisation (42 ; 62) traverse à étanchéité une ouverture (44) ménagée dans le collecteur (18) et comporte un prolongement (50 ; 64) venant en appui sur les bords longitudinaux (52,54) d'un groupe de plusieurs ailettes (14), situé adjacent au collecteur (18).1. Heat exchanger of the type comprising a bundle (10) of tubes (12) provided with fins (14), in which the ends (16) of the tubes are mounted in leaktight manner in the holes of a manifold (18) on which is fixed a water box (26), and in which immobilization means are provided to oppose a relative movement, in particular by pivoting or twisting, of the beam relative to the collector, characterized in that it comprises at least one immobilizing element (34; 42; 62) which passes through the collector (18) and extends beyond the collector in a direction parallel to that of the tubes (12) and in that each of the elements d immobilization (42; 62) passes through a sealed opening (44) formed in the manifold (18) and comprises an extension (50; 64) coming to bear on the longitudinal edges (52,54) of a group of several fins (14), located adjacent to the manifold (18). 2. Echangeur de chaleur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que chaque élément d'immobilisation (42) comporte une tête de retenue (46) propre à s'engager dans une cuvette (48) entourant une ouverture (44) du collecteur, la tête (46) se rattachant audit prolongement (50).2. Heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that each immobilizing element (42) comprises a retaining head (46) suitable for engaging in a bowl (48) surrounding an opening (44) of the manifold, the head (46) attached to said extension (50). 3. Echangeur de chaleur selon la revendication 2, dans lequel une feuille d'étanchéité (30) en élastomère ou analogue recouvre le collecteur (18), caractérisé en ce que cette feuille (30) recouvre aussi les têtes (46) respectives des éléments d'immobilisation (42).3. Heat exchanger according to claim 2, wherein a sealing sheet (30) of elastomer or the like covers the collector (18), characterized in that this sheet (30) also covers the heads (46) of the respective elements immobilizer (42). 4. Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une des revendications 2 et 3 caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend des organes d'appui (58) dépendant de la boîte à eau (26) et servant chacun de butée à un élément d'immobilisation (42) pour s'opposer à tout retrait intempestif de ce dernier.4. Heat exchanger according to one of claims 2 and 3 characterized in that it comprises support members (58) depending on the water box (26) and each serving as a stop for an immobilizing element ( 42) to oppose any untimely withdrawal of the latter. 5. Echangeur de chaleur selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que chaque élément d'immobilisation (62) dépend de la boîte à eau (26) et est formé d'une seule pièce avec elle.5. Heat exchanger according to claim 1 characterized in that each immobilizing element (62) depends on the water box (26) and is formed in one piece with it. 6. Echangeur de chaleur selon la revendication 5, dans lequel une feuille d'étanchéité (30) en élastomère ou analogue recouvre le collecteur (18), caractérisé en ce que chaque élément d'immobilisation (62) traverse à étanchéité ladite feuille (30).6. Heat exchanger according to claim 5, in which a sealing sheet (30) of elastomer or the like covers the collector (18), characterized in that each immobilizing element (62) passes through said sheet (30) ). 7. Echangeur de chaleur selon l'une des revendications 1 et 6, caractérisé en ce que le prolongement (50 ; 64) de chaque élément d'immobilisation (42 ; 62) comporte un méplat (56 ; 66) formant épaulement de retenue pour le groupe d'ailettes.7. Heat exchanger according to one of claims 1 and 6, characterized in that the extension (50; 64) of each immobilizing element (42; 62) comprises a flat (56; 66) forming retaining shoulder for the group of fins.
EP93401032A 1992-04-21 1993-04-21 Heat-exchanger having a finned tube bundle and a header box Withdrawn EP0567397A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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FR9204860 1992-04-21
FR9204860A FR2690229A1 (en) 1992-04-21 1992-04-21 A heat exchanger of the type comprising a finned tube bundle and a water box header assembly.

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WO2019229369A1 (en) * 2018-05-31 2019-12-05 Valeo Systemes Thermiques Header tank and corresponding heat exchanger
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US5311934A (en) 1994-05-17
FR2690229A1 (en) 1993-10-22

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