EP0578981A1 - Cartouche pour l'entraînement - Google Patents

Cartouche pour l'entraînement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0578981A1
EP0578981A1 EP93109582A EP93109582A EP0578981A1 EP 0578981 A1 EP0578981 A1 EP 0578981A1 EP 93109582 A EP93109582 A EP 93109582A EP 93109582 A EP93109582 A EP 93109582A EP 0578981 A1 EP0578981 A1 EP 0578981A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
projectile
cartridge
casing
core
cartridge according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP93109582A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Hoffmann Kai
Feldenz Ottmar
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Metallwerk Elisenhuette GmbH
Original Assignee
Metallwerk Elisenhuette GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Metallwerk Elisenhuette GmbH filed Critical Metallwerk Elisenhuette GmbH
Publication of EP0578981A1 publication Critical patent/EP0578981A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B10/00—Means for influencing, e.g. improving, the aerodynamic properties of projectiles or missiles; Arrangements on projectiles or missiles for stabilising, steering, range-reducing, range-increasing or fall-retarding
    • F42B10/32—Range-reducing or range-increasing arrangements; Fall-retarding means
    • F42B10/48—Range-reducing, destabilising or braking arrangements, e.g. impact-braking arrangements; Fall-retarding means, e.g. balloons, rockets for braking or fall-retarding
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/72—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material
    • F42B12/74—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material of the core or solid body
    • F42B12/745—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material of the core or solid body the core being made of plastics; Compounds or blends of plastics and other materials, e.g. fillers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/72—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material
    • F42B12/76—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material of the casing
    • F42B12/78—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material of the casing of jackets for smallarm bullets ; Jacketed bullets or projectiles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B8/00—Practice or training ammunition
    • F42B8/02—Cartridges

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cartridge which has a sleeve which contains a propellant charge and is provided with a primer at one end, and a projectile which is inserted into the sleeve mouth at the other end of the sleeve which is narrowed in cross section.
  • cartridges such as the NATO infantry ammunition have a soft-core projectile which contains a core made of softer material such as lead, which is completely enclosed by the shell, in a casing consisting of tombac-clad steel.
  • the cartridge case is selected in length and diameter so that it can hold a sufficient amount of propellant charge or powder charge, which builds up a sufficient gas pressure when fired to push the projectile out of the case and the barrel of the weapon with the necessary initial speed and also the Reload the weapon automatically.
  • Cartridges of this type have a firing range or range of around 4500 m, however a range of up to 6000 m must be expected as a safety limit. The accuracy of such ammunition is still very good even at longer distances, i.e. the hit field is relatively small even after several 100 m.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a cartridge suitable for training purposes or for practice shooting short range, which can be used in known and conventional self-loading weapons, without having to make modifications to the weapon or to have to insert conversion parts into the weapon.
  • the sleeve has the same dimensions and dimensions as cartridges for soft-core projectiles with a long range, the projectile of the cartridge according to the invention is very much lighter and, for example, also much shorter than a known soft-core projectile.
  • the projectile of the cartridge according to the invention has a lighter design and is expediently fired with a propellant charge, which should produce an internal ballistic that is as similar as possible to the soft-core cartridge, it has a higher initial speed than a known soft-core projectile for long ranges, but it loses because of its low cross-sectional load and a shape optimized for its intended use, it quickly speeds up, so that its range is a maximum of 1000 m - compared to approximately 4500 m in known soft-core projectiles.
  • the precision of the short-track projectile according to the invention is that of a known soft-core projectile comparable.
  • the locations of both ammunition meet approximately at this distance.
  • the point of impact of the cartridge according to the invention is already about 10 cm lower than in known soft-core projectiles.
  • the focus of the hit image is already about 1 m below that of the hit image of known conventional soft-core projectiles.
  • the core of the projectile which preferably consists of splinter-free, impact-resistant and X-ray-detectable plastic, ensures the low weight of the projectile, which ensures a short range, because this core can consist of relatively light plastic.
  • the projectile can also be made shorter than conventional soft-core projectiles.
  • the core of the projectile projects beyond the front end of the cup-shaped or bowl-shaped casing, which is designed as a sharp edge, in order to be able to give the projectile a practical range that is as short as possible, without having to keep the weight high.
  • the projectile according to the invention can also be designed as a solid jacket projectile with a light core.
  • the shell receiving the core or the cup-shaped casing of the projectile consists of metal and preferably hard metal such as tombac or steel coated with tombac and preferably hard-tough metal such as tombac and copper alloys or with galvanically tinned tombac-plated steel.
  • This shell or jacket forms the contact area between the projectile and the barrel of the weapon, so that the barrel of the weapon cannot come into contact with the plastic of the core of the projectile.
  • Such a contact would have the disadvantage that plastic could deposit on the inside of the barrel of the weapon and even burn into the barrel, in particular in the area of the barrel of the weapon and even inside the barrel, which could cause erosion, especially in the area of the field edges of the weapon.
  • the shell or the jacket of the The projectile can have a very small wall thickness because the deformations of the outside of the casing or casing caused by the barrel of the weapon cannot exert any harmful effects on the core of the projectile.
  • the invention provides a cartridge suitable for training purposes or for practice shooting, for example up to a distance of approximately 200 m, in which the range of the projectile is comparatively short, while this cartridge can be used in conventional weapons without conversion parts or additional parts and also provides the necessary gas pressure for the automatic reloading of these weapons.
  • this cartridge according to the invention is used in conventional gas pressure loaders, recoil loaders and weapons with translated mass-spring closures, these are fully functional without having to provide any conversion parts.
  • the protruding end of the insert or core made of plastic can loosen or fall off completely. However, this does not noticeably affect the direction of fire or even deflects the projectile in the target.
  • the projectile is comparable in shape and cross-sectional load to a pistol projectile. Experiments with longer projectiles were unsatisfactory in terms of precision.
  • the bullet of the cartridge according to the invention is a compromise between feedability and precision that can be used for training purposes.
  • the cartridge 1 has a slightly conical sleeve 2, in the narrowed neck 3 of which a projectile 4 is inserted, which FIG. 2 shows in detail.
  • a low-emission primer 6 is embedded in the bottom 5 of the latter.
  • Channels 7 form a connection to the interior 8 of the sleeve 2, which is filled with a powder propellant.
  • an extraction groove 9 is provided on the outside thereof.
  • the sleeve 2 corresponds in shape, length and outer contour to the cartridge cases of conventional rifle or MG ammunition, so that this sleeve fits into the cartridge chamber of such weapons without modifications or additional devices.
  • the floor 4 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is composed of two parts, namely a sleeve-shaped jacket 10, which has a closed bottom 11 and is open at the front end 12, and a full core 13, which completely fills the interior of the jacket 10 and with a rounded tip 14 protrudes beyond the front end 12 of the jacket 10.
  • the front end 12 of the jacket 10 forms a sharp edge, also referred to as a "sharp edge".
  • the jacket 10 is made of relatively hard material, preferably metal.
  • An example of this material is Tombak CuZn 10 or bronze Cu Sn 0.1.
  • the core 13, on the other hand, consists of lighter and also softer material, preferably of plastic with about 40% by weight of mineral filler and less than 1% by weight of copper powder, to make the floor 4 X-ray detectable.
  • the length of the projectile 4 is reduced compared to conventional ammunition projectiles. For example, it is approximately 20.5 mm compared to approximately 30 mm in known and customary soft-core projectiles of rifle and machine gun (MG) ammunition.
  • the weight of this shorter and lighter projectile 4 is about 3 g.
  • the jacket 10 has a cylindrical outer contour over the greater part of its length, but is tapered to its front end 12 via an arcuate conical section 15.
  • the tip 14 protruding from the jacket 10 of the core 13 consisting of a plastic mixture is rounded, similar to what is known, for example, from pistol ammunition.
  • the plastic core 13 of the projectile 4 does not come into contact with the inner wall of the barrel of the weapon. Even when the cartridge 1 is fired and the projectile 4 is expelled from the barrel of the weapon, the plastic core 13 of the projectile 4 does not come into contact with the barrel of the weapon.
  • the jacket 10 of the projectile 4 made of hard material such as metal, works its way into the trains of the weapon when the projectile is driven out, so that the projectile 4 receives the desired swirl.
  • the wall thickness of the casing 10 is chosen so that it fulfills its function, namely to prevent contact between the core 13 of the projectile and the barrel of the weapon and to give the projectile the desired swirl, but the wall thickness of the casing 10 should be so be kept as low as possible to save weight.
  • the length of the sleeve-shaped jacket 10 is also chosen to be small in view of this function.
  • the front end 12 of the jacket 10 forms a sharp-edged shoulder or coulter edge, which forms a kind of tear-off edge, so when Penetration of the projectile 4 in a target creates a sharp-edged and not torn out bullet hole and the hit can thus be clearly assigned to the markings on the target.
  • the free interior 8 of the sleeve 2 is so large that the amount of powdered propellant charge filled in it is sufficient to give the floor 4 a V-10 of approximately 1200 m / sec and to deliver a gas pressure of up to 3200 bar.
  • This gas pressure and its timing are not only sufficient to drive the projectile 4 out of the barrel of the weapon, but also provide the energy required for the automatic reloading of the weapon.
  • the floor 18 shown in FIG. 3 differs from floor 4 according to FIGS. 1 and 2 in that it is a solid jacket floor. In other respects, however, the dimensions and choice of materials are the same for both types of storey.
  • the projectile 18 has a jacket 19 made of metal, such as tombac, which is cylindrical in the rear region and has a closed rounded tip 20 at the front end. At the transition between the cylindrical part of the casing 19 and the tip 20 there is a tear-off edge 21 which produces a similar effect to the sharp-edged end 12 of the casing 10 of the projectile 4, i.e. ensures a clean shot in a target.
  • the rear end of the jacket 19 contains an opening 23 which is reduced by the flared jacket and into which the core 24, which preferably consists of a mixture of plastic, mineral filler and copper powder, of the projectile has been pressed.
  • the plastic is expediently a polypropylene homopolymer.
  • a plastic mixture containing this material is environmentally friendly because it is groundwater neutral. Accordingly, it can be disposed of in the usual way, i.e. it does not require special landfills nor does it have to be incinerated for disposal.
  • a very good precision for practice ammunition can be achieved with the short-course cartridge according to the invention. This results in a hit image at a distance of about 100 m, the height and width of which add up to about 25 cm.
  • the maximum firing range is approximately 1000 m and the safety limit to be observed in the firing range is approximately 1200 m.
  • This practice ammunition can be used, for example, for 7.62 mm x 51 caliber firearms.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Spark Plugs (AREA)
EP93109582A 1992-07-17 1993-06-16 Cartouche pour l'entraînement Withdrawn EP0578981A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE9209598U DE9209598U1 (fr) 1992-07-17 1992-07-17
DE9209598U 1992-07-17

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0578981A1 true EP0578981A1 (fr) 1994-01-19

Family

ID=6881714

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93109582A Withdrawn EP0578981A1 (fr) 1992-07-17 1993-06-16 Cartouche pour l'entraînement

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0578981A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE9209598U1 (fr)
FI (1) FI933237A (fr)
IT (1) IT226877Z2 (fr)
NO (1) NO932497L (fr)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2000062009A1 (fr) * 1999-04-02 2000-10-19 Delta Frangible Ammunition, Llc Balles desintegrantes chemisees
US6363856B1 (en) * 1999-06-08 2002-04-02 Roscoe R. Stoker, Jr. Projectile for a small arms cartridge and method for making same
US6405654B1 (en) * 2001-02-08 2002-06-18 Tim T. Smith Muzzle-loader projectile with a plastic insert
US6536352B1 (en) 1996-07-11 2003-03-25 Delta Frangible Ammunition, Llc Lead-free frangible bullets and process for making same
WO2003048676A2 (fr) * 2001-12-04 2003-06-12 Metallwerk Elisenhütte GmbH Cartouche d'exercice
US6659013B1 (en) * 1997-01-08 2003-12-09 Futurec Ag C/O Beeler + Beeler Treuhand Ag Projectile or war-head
US9052174B2 (en) 2007-08-31 2015-06-09 Ra Brands, L.L.C. Tipped projectiles
DE102017112889A1 (de) * 2017-06-12 2018-12-13 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Kleinkalibergschoss sowie Kleinkalibermunition mit einem derartigen Kleinkalibergeschoss

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB9310915D0 (en) * 1993-05-27 1993-07-14 Royal Ordance Plc Improvements in or relating to projectiles
GB9607022D0 (en) * 1996-04-03 1996-06-05 Cesaroni Tech Inc Bullet
WO2002086412A1 (fr) 2001-04-24 2002-10-31 Anthony Joseph Cesaroni Projectiles sans plomb
WO2014150007A1 (fr) 2013-03-15 2014-09-25 Alliant Techsystems Inc. Kit de recharge à composition de balle dépourvue de plomb

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1381512A (fr) * 1963-10-29 1964-12-14 Gevelot Sa Nouvelle cartouche destinée au tir à distance limitée
DE1258763B (de) * 1962-08-06 1968-01-11 Gevelot S A UEbungsgeschoss

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1258763B (de) * 1962-08-06 1968-01-11 Gevelot S A UEbungsgeschoss
FR1381512A (fr) * 1963-10-29 1964-12-14 Gevelot Sa Nouvelle cartouche destinée au tir à distance limitée

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6536352B1 (en) 1996-07-11 2003-03-25 Delta Frangible Ammunition, Llc Lead-free frangible bullets and process for making same
US6659013B1 (en) * 1997-01-08 2003-12-09 Futurec Ag C/O Beeler + Beeler Treuhand Ag Projectile or war-head
WO2000062009A1 (fr) * 1999-04-02 2000-10-19 Delta Frangible Ammunition, Llc Balles desintegrantes chemisees
US6363856B1 (en) * 1999-06-08 2002-04-02 Roscoe R. Stoker, Jr. Projectile for a small arms cartridge and method for making same
US6405654B1 (en) * 2001-02-08 2002-06-18 Tim T. Smith Muzzle-loader projectile with a plastic insert
WO2003048676A2 (fr) * 2001-12-04 2003-06-12 Metallwerk Elisenhütte GmbH Cartouche d'exercice
WO2003048676A3 (fr) * 2001-12-04 2003-12-31 Elisenhuette Metallwerk Cartouche d'exercice
US9052174B2 (en) 2007-08-31 2015-06-09 Ra Brands, L.L.C. Tipped projectiles
DE102017112889A1 (de) * 2017-06-12 2018-12-13 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Kleinkalibergschoss sowie Kleinkalibermunition mit einem derartigen Kleinkalibergeschoss

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO932497D0 (no) 1993-07-08
FI933237A (fi) 1994-01-18
ITMI920796V0 (it) 1992-08-31
ITMI920796U1 (it) 1994-03-03
IT226877Z2 (it) 1997-07-22
DE9209598U1 (fr) 1992-11-12
NO932497L (no) 1994-01-18
FI933237A0 (fi) 1993-07-16

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