EP1745260B1 - Projectile exempt de plomb - Google Patents
Projectile exempt de plomb Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1745260B1 EP1745260B1 EP05735953A EP05735953A EP1745260B1 EP 1745260 B1 EP1745260 B1 EP 1745260B1 EP 05735953 A EP05735953 A EP 05735953A EP 05735953 A EP05735953 A EP 05735953A EP 1745260 B1 EP1745260 B1 EP 1745260B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- jacket
- core
- hollow space
- small
- projectile
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
- F42B12/72—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material
- F42B12/74—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the material of the core or solid body
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
- F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
- F42B12/04—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type
- F42B12/06—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with hard or heavy core; Kinetic energy penetrators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
- F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
- F42B12/34—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect expanding before or on impact, i.e. of dumdum or mushroom type
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a lead-free small-caliber sheath bullet.
- Such ammunition is known in various embodiments. It can be divided into those with hard cores made of steel, those with hard cores made of dense sintered material and those with an additional medium to the hard core such as lead, aluminum and / or air.
- Common to this commercial ammunition usually trained as a full-coat steel shell, d.i. a clad steel cladding or a copper / zinc alloy cladding (Tombak cladding).
- the jacket takes on one or more cores and other media and encloses them at least liquid-tight.
- a mantle projectile ( WO 99/10703 ) increased penetration power and accuracy has a hard core of tungsten carbide and as an additional medium a soft core of lead (Pb / Sn 60/40), which are frictionally and tightly held over a brass disc in the jacket. This prevents the escape of heavy metals and / or vapors at launch; however, a toxic effect is still present in the target area. In addition, the production of such a projectile is expensive and too expensive for mass use (Infantriemununit).
- Another bullet bullet for pistols with a caliber of 9 mm is under the name SWISS P SELF 9mm Luger commercially (RUAG Ammotec, Thun / Switzerland, formerly RUAG ammunition Thun / Switzerland).
- the projectile consists of two telescoping sleeves, the inner sleeve closed at the rear and open at the top, with the outer sleeve enclosing a large airspace.
- This bullet is designed only for soft targets and allows smooth shots there; it can be produced without lead.
- DE-A1-101010113 (which forms the starting point for the preamble of claim 1) is known a mantle projectile up to caliber 15 mm, which has an ogiven or conical front portion, a cylindrical central portion and a conically tapered tail area.
- the ductile metallic shell encloses a pointed hard core of hardened steel or sintered metal and is more or less kept free by a shoe or quiver-like support of ductile metal or plastic.
- the core touches the coat only in the region of its angular shoulder line-shaped. The impact of this projectile on armored targets is good; its accuracy but it is significantly less.
- the projectile according to claim 1 can be easily produced and transmits in a hard target (sheet metal) etc. almost all the kinetic energy to the hard core which breaks through the target. The mass remains 100% preserved; At the bullet hole forms from the Tombak coat a mushroom-like collar, which the original weight of the coat This is to prove that no heavy metals and / or metal vapors are released.
- Ballistic particularly favorable is a projectile with an ogive-like outer shape and an air space according to claim 3. It has been shown that the necessary pressing of the hard core can be done precisely and with relatively low forces. In addition, the pulse transmission of the core, after a short displacement, allows penetration of the shell with lower energy losses.
- the embodiment according to claim 4 is very advantageous for the central pulse output from the jacket core to the hard core.
- the flight behavior of the projectile is largely determined by the position of the center of mass, claim 5 given.
- the focus can be optimized by the structural design and dimensioning of the hard core and in particular the cavity (hole) in the shell core.
- Alloyed tool steels are well suited for the hard core and can be processed and surface treated by conventional means. Claim 6.
- a constriction according to claim 8 improves the connection with the cartridge case and allows easy assembly.
- the thickening of the jacket in its front area which is specified in claim 9, reduces rebounds in the case of oblique angle bombardment against hard targets and likewise serves to determine the center of gravity of the mass.
- FIG. 1 is the tip of a projectile 100 designated 1.
- a flange 21 is pressed, which is part of a known cartridge 20.
- a conventional explosive 24 which acts as a propellant charge for the projectile 100.
- a percussion fuze 23 (SINTOX, trademark of the company RUAG Ammotec GmbH, Erasmusth, DE) is used.
- the end of the shell 5 is conically tapered and ends in a gradation of an angle ⁇ of 30 °, which gradation merges into an end flange 9 and the two cores 4 and 8 holds together non-positively.
- the diameter K of the projectile 100, the caliber, in the present case is 5.56 mm and is of the type SS 109.
- the diameter 6 of the constriction is 5.45 mm.
- the surface hardness is 570 HV1.
- the hard core 4 has a lower conical tip of 90 °, which rests positively in a corresponding countersinking (countersinking) in the upper part of the jacket core 8.
- This configuration can be varied as desired; but advantageous is an analogous form of central centering effect, which facilitates the insertion or pressing of the cores and ensures the rotational symmetry of the projectile.
- the projectiles can be produced inexpensively and largely by deep drawing and pressing with conventional fabrication equipment.
- the hard core can also be made of other materials, for example of sintered materials such as tungsten carbide.
- Other bullet jackets are conceivable, which have a similar ductility as Tombak.
- the sheath core can also be made of other materials which have an analog or higher density. For all alloys, however, attention must be paid to heavy metal precipitation during firing and at the target.
- Fig. 3 a variant of the projectile described above is shown, while the same functional parts are provided with the same reference numerals.
- a single jacket core 8 ' also fills the space of the hard core 4, Fig. 2 , out.
- the associated cavity 10 ' is shortened relative to the cavity 10 and has a smaller diameter. As a result, the mass of the entire projectile 100 'has been increased, so that approximately the same end ballistic performance and effect is achieved in the target.
- the front side of the cavity 10 ' is tapered and at least almost closed, so that together with the front part of the outer shell 5 results in a compact tip when impacting the target.
- the low drag coefficient c w of a 5.56 mm bullet (SS109 type) according to the invention led after 570 m flight distance (NATO target) to an impact velocity of 470 m / s;
- the used steel plate Stanag 4172 of 3.5 mm thickness HRB 55-70 (400 N / mm 2 ) and was shot through smoothly.
- the precise swirl stabilization has a positive effect on the stability and reproducibility of the trajectory, even in crosswinds.
- the kinetic energy is higher as a result of the choice of material and the high launch speed than comparable bullets, as experiments also showed.
- the precision of a conventional weapon can be increased with the subject invention. For example, all fired shots (series fire) were at a target distance of 25 m in a dispersion circle of ⁇ 50 mm diameter. At 300 m firing distance a standard deviation s A ⁇ 35 mm could be determined. In practice, this means that of 20 shots fired, 18 are in a circular area of 110 mm in diameter; only two floors met about 80 mm offset to the center (target point).
- Fig. 4a shows a conventional hard core projectile 200 (prior art) before and at impact in target Z (steel).
- the steel shell 50 shatters at the target Z, an existing tungsten or steel hard core 40 penetrates the target Z, while due to the high kinetic energy of the following lead core 30 is partially liquefied on impact and partially even sublimiertverdampft. This can be recognized by a cloud of vapor 30 ', which leaves traces of lead after condensation at the destination.
- projectile 200 In projectile 200, a combination of elastic and plastic impact with high deformation work (material separation on all sides) takes place. The material of the projectile 200 splintered at the target Z and still detectable no longer corresponds to its initial weight at the muzzle.
- Fig. 4b which also determine identical mass at the target Z.
- the hard core 4 (steel or tombac) penetrates the target Z as well.
- the outer jacket 5 deforms mushroom-shaped at the target Z into a deformed jacket 5 'and transfers nearly 100% of the kinetic energy via its, likewise ductile jacket core 8 onto the hard core 4; There is no material decomposition, neither on the jacket 5 nor on the jacket core 8 instead.
- the pulse direction is retained.
- Fig. 4c Similar shows Fig. 4c : The opposite Fig. 4b modified bullet 100 'is compressed at target Z and penetrates with a now flattened tip 1'. The pulse direction is also maintained, the sheath core 8 'shifts in the impact in the air space 3, compressed and upsetting, which is here designated by 8 ".
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
- Electrotherapy Devices (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Vibration Dampers (AREA)
- Fixed Capacitors And Capacitor Manufacturing Machines (AREA)
- Elimination Of Static Electricity (AREA)
- Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
- Led Device Packages (AREA)
- Walking Sticks, Umbrellas, And Fans (AREA)
- Dental Preparations (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Electron Sources, Ion Sources (AREA)
Claims (11)
- Projectile de petit calibre (100) avec une zone avant ogivale ou conique, une partie centrale cylindrique et une zone arrière se terminant en forme de cône, comprenant- une chemise extérieure (5) en un alliage cuivre/zinc, la chemise (5) renfermant un éspace creux réalisée au moins approximativement en forme cylindrique,- un noyau dur (4) en acier ou un matériau fritté inséré vers la pointe de l'espace creux (3),- un noyau de chemise (8) en un alliage ciuvre/zinc faisant suite avec correspondance de forme au noyau dur (4),dans lequel- l'éspace creux (10) du noyau de chemise (8) se trouve dans le centre et est ouvert sur un côté,- le côté ouvert de l'espace creux (10) est en contact avec le noyau dur (4) et ferme celui-ci,- la zone arrière du noyau de chemise (8) est au moins de manière péripherique maintenue avec adhérence par la zone arrière de la chemise extérieure (5).
- Projectile de petit calibre (100') avec une zone avant ogivale ou conique, une partie centrale cylindrique et une zone arrière se terminant en forme de cône, comprenant- une chemise extérieure (5) en un alliage cuivre/zinc, la chemise (5) renfermant un espace creux, réalisée au moins approximativement en forme cylindrique,- l'espace creux de la chemise (5) contenant un seul noyau de chemise (8') avec un espace creux (10') et un espace d'air (3),dans lequel- l'espace creux (10') présente une ouverture se rétrécissant du côté frontal, dont les zones de bord intérieures se touchent au moins partiellement,- la zone arrière du noyau de chemise (8') est au moins de manière péripherique maintenue avec adhérence par la zone arrière de la chemise extérieure (5).
- Projectile de petit calibre selon la revendication 1, avec une zone avant ogivale dont la pointe est réalisée au moins approximativement en forme de calotte sphérique,
dans lequel- l'espace creux cylindrique dans la zone intérieure avant est délimité en forme d'une calotte sphérique,- le noyau dur (4) présente à sa pointe également la forme d'une calotte sphérique,- le rayon de la calotte sphérique de l'espace creux est plus grand que le rayon de la pointe du noyau dur, de telle sorte qu'un espace d'air (3) est conservé dans l'espace creux de la chemise, à la pointe de celle-ci. - Projectile de petit calibre selon la revendication 3,
dans lequel- la zone arrière du noyau dur (4) est réalisé en forme de cône et- la pointe conique pénètre dans l'espace creux (10) du noyau de chemise (8). - Projectile de petit calibre selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4,
dans lequel- le centre de gravité de la masse (7) du projectile se trouve dans l'axe longitudinal et dans la zone l'espace creux (8) du noyau de chemise (8) - Projectile de petit calibre selon la revendication 1 ou 3,
dans lequel- le noyau dur (4) est en un acier à outils allié ou une matière frittée de haute densité, telle que le carbure de tungstène. - Projectile de petit calibre selon la revendication 1 au 2,
dans lequel- la chemise extérieure (5) et le noyau de chemise (8) sont en un alliage identique cuivre/zinc. - Projectile de petit calibre selon la revendication 1, 2 ou la revendication 5,
dans lequel- la chemise extérieure (5) présente un resserrement circulaire périphérique, sur lequel l'extrémité avant (21) d'une douille de cartouche (20) est rabattue. - Projectile de Petit calibre seion la revendication 3,
dans lequel- la chemise (5) präsente dans sa zone avant un épaississement de matière, par rapport à sa partie cylindrigue et sa zone arrière, qui atteint au moins le facteur 2. - Projectile de petit calibre selon au moins l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dann lequel- celui-ci présente un calibre de 5.56 mm (0.223" ou 0.224").
- Projectile de petit calibre selon au moins l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
dans lequel- celui-ci est sans plomb.
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SI200530866T SI1745260T1 (sl) | 2004-05-11 | 2005-05-09 | Izstrelek brez svinca |
PL05735953T PL1745260T3 (pl) | 2004-05-11 | 2005-05-09 | Pocisk bezołowiowy |
CY20091101209T CY1109632T1 (el) | 2004-05-11 | 2009-11-20 | Βλημα χωρις μολυβδο |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US56987604P | 2004-05-11 | 2004-05-11 | |
PCT/CH2005/000257 WO2005108908A1 (fr) | 2004-05-11 | 2005-05-09 | Projectile exempt de plomb |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1745260A1 EP1745260A1 (fr) | 2007-01-24 |
EP1745260B1 true EP1745260B1 (fr) | 2009-09-16 |
Family
ID=34965921
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP05735953A Active EP1745260B1 (fr) | 2004-05-11 | 2005-05-09 | Projectile exempt de plomb |
Country Status (28)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1745260B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP4713577B2 (fr) |
KR (1) | KR101245289B1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN1950667A (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE443242T1 (fr) |
AU (1) | AU2005241136B2 (fr) |
BR (1) | BRPI0511041B1 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2566450C (fr) |
CY (1) | CY1109632T1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE502005008143D1 (fr) |
DK (1) | DK1745260T3 (fr) |
EA (1) | EA009142B1 (fr) |
EG (1) | EG24497A (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2333658T3 (fr) |
HR (1) | HRP20090664T1 (fr) |
IL (1) | IL178866A (fr) |
MA (1) | MA28572B1 (fr) |
MX (1) | MXPA06013084A (fr) |
NO (1) | NO334506B1 (fr) |
NZ (1) | NZ551194A (fr) |
PL (1) | PL1745260T3 (fr) |
PT (1) | PT1745260E (fr) |
RS (1) | RS51099B (fr) |
SI (1) | SI1745260T1 (fr) |
TN (1) | TNSN06355A1 (fr) |
UA (1) | UA90273C2 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2005108908A1 (fr) |
ZA (1) | ZA200609185B (fr) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2018228787A1 (fr) * | 2017-06-12 | 2018-12-20 | Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh | Projectile de petit calibre et munition de petit calibre comportant un tel projectile de petit calibre |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
RU2679161C2 (ru) * | 2014-02-10 | 2019-02-06 | Руаг Аммотэк Гмбх | Разрушающаяся пуля с постепенным разрушением с сердечником из материала, содержащего или не содержащего свинец |
CN105277078A (zh) * | 2014-06-05 | 2016-01-27 | 赵颖 | 枪用高效杀伤弹头 |
DE102014019197A1 (de) * | 2014-12-19 | 2016-06-23 | Diehl Bgt Defence Gmbh & Co. Kg | Geschoss |
DE102014019198A1 (de) * | 2014-12-19 | 2016-06-23 | Diehl Bgt Defence Gmbh & Co. Kg | Geschoss |
KR101702955B1 (ko) * | 2016-11-03 | 2017-02-09 | 주식회사 두레텍 | 유효 사거리가 향상된 탄두 |
KR101942448B1 (ko) | 2017-07-11 | 2019-04-11 | 주식회사 풍산 | 관통 탄자 및 이를 구비하는 관통탄 |
WO2019048914A1 (fr) * | 2017-09-09 | 2019-03-14 | Ruag Ammotec Ag | Projectile de sécurité blindé conçu en particulier pour des applications polyvalentes |
DE102022205242B4 (de) | 2022-05-25 | 2024-02-15 | Metallwerk Elisenhütte GmbH | Geschoss für eine Patrone für Handfeuerwaffen mit hartem Kern, sowie Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4384528A (en) * | 1980-04-07 | 1983-05-24 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Duplex round |
DE3372231D1 (en) | 1982-10-18 | 1987-07-30 | Eidgenoess Munitionsfab Thun | Small arms ammunition, and manufacturing process therefor |
WO1987007708A1 (fr) * | 1986-06-09 | 1987-12-17 | Royal Ordnance Pld | Projectile transpersant un blindage |
DE3840165A1 (de) * | 1988-06-06 | 1990-07-05 | Schirnecker Hans Ludwig | Vielfachgeschoss |
US5621186A (en) * | 1995-09-20 | 1997-04-15 | Trophy Bonded Bullets, Inc. | Bullet |
DE19710113A1 (de) * | 1997-03-12 | 1998-09-17 | Elisenhuette Metallwerk | Patrone für Handfeuerwaffen |
DE59801093D1 (de) * | 1997-08-26 | 2001-08-30 | Ruag Munition Thun | Mantelgeschoss mit hartkern |
US6070532A (en) * | 1998-04-28 | 2000-06-06 | Olin Corporation | High accuracy projectile |
WO2001018483A1 (fr) * | 1999-09-08 | 2001-03-15 | Dynamit Nobel Gmbh Explosivstoff- Und Systemtechnik | Projectile de carabine pour la chasse a teneur en plomb reduite ou sans plomb, presentant une force de retention du noyau dans la chemise amelioree |
EP1222436B1 (fr) * | 1999-09-10 | 2003-06-04 | Dynamit Nobel GmbH Explosivstoff- und Systemtechnik | Projectile a deformation avec penetrateur dans la tete |
-
2005
- 2005-05-09 AT AT05735953T patent/ATE443242T1/de active
- 2005-05-09 EP EP05735953A patent/EP1745260B1/fr active Active
- 2005-05-09 PT PT05735953T patent/PT1745260E/pt unknown
- 2005-05-09 AU AU2005241136A patent/AU2005241136B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2005-05-09 PL PL05735953T patent/PL1745260T3/pl unknown
- 2005-05-09 KR KR1020067023639A patent/KR101245289B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-05-09 CN CNA2005800150116A patent/CN1950667A/zh active Pending
- 2005-05-09 SI SI200530866T patent/SI1745260T1/sl unknown
- 2005-05-09 CA CA2566450A patent/CA2566450C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-05-09 ES ES05735953T patent/ES2333658T3/es active Active
- 2005-05-09 EA EA200601893A patent/EA009142B1/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-05-09 DE DE502005008143T patent/DE502005008143D1/de active Active
- 2005-05-09 BR BRPI0511041-6A patent/BRPI0511041B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-05-09 MX MXPA06013084A patent/MXPA06013084A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2005-05-09 RS RSP-2009/0495A patent/RS51099B/sr unknown
- 2005-05-09 WO PCT/CH2005/000257 patent/WO2005108908A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2005-05-09 NZ NZ551194A patent/NZ551194A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-05-09 DK DK05735953T patent/DK1745260T3/da active
- 2005-05-09 JP JP2007511831A patent/JP4713577B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-09-05 UA UAA200613135A patent/UA90273C2/uk unknown
-
2006
- 2006-10-26 IL IL178866A patent/IL178866A/en active IP Right Grant
- 2006-11-03 ZA ZA200609185A patent/ZA200609185B/xx unknown
- 2006-11-03 TN TNP2006000355A patent/TNSN06355A1/en unknown
- 2006-11-08 MA MA29439A patent/MA28572B1/fr unknown
- 2006-11-08 EG EGNA2006001063 patent/EG24497A/xx active
- 2006-12-01 NO NO20065546A patent/NO334506B1/no unknown
-
2009
- 2009-11-20 CY CY20091101209T patent/CY1109632T1/el unknown
- 2009-12-14 HR HR20090664T patent/HRP20090664T1/hr unknown
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2018228787A1 (fr) * | 2017-06-12 | 2018-12-20 | Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh | Projectile de petit calibre et munition de petit calibre comportant un tel projectile de petit calibre |
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