EP0571359A1 - Crushing-apparatus especially for discarded building material and debris - Google Patents

Crushing-apparatus especially for discarded building material and debris Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0571359A1
EP0571359A1 EP93890102A EP93890102A EP0571359A1 EP 0571359 A1 EP0571359 A1 EP 0571359A1 EP 93890102 A EP93890102 A EP 93890102A EP 93890102 A EP93890102 A EP 93890102A EP 0571359 A1 EP0571359 A1 EP 0571359A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rotor
crusher
housing
machine according
hammers
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP93890102A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0571359B1 (en
Inventor
Günter Müller
Bruno Dipl.-Ing. Dr. Haider
Walter Hackmair
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Sbm Wageneder GmbH
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Sbm Wageneder GmbH
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02CCRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/02Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02CCRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/26Details
    • B02C13/286Feeding or discharge
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02CCRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/26Details
    • B02C13/286Feeding or discharge
    • B02C2013/28618Feeding means
    • B02C2013/28636Feeding means of conveyor belt type

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a comminution machine, in particular for rejects or demolition parts in construction, according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • Comminution machines of this type are known, for example, from US Pat. No. 3,825,192 and have a jaw crusher and a chain conveyor.
  • a disadvantage of these shredding machines is frequent mechanical malfunctions, the end product also being unsatisfactory and ensuring no possibility of immediate recycling.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a comminution machine which, in particular, precast concrete slabs, such as Floor covering elements, broken down into mineral and ferritic components, whereby the mineral components are obtained as bulk material in a constant grain composition and can be recycled.
  • the present invention also has the additional object of achieving a constant supply of the material to be shredded, in particular of floorboard ceiling elements, as a result of which the grain size set is not changed.
  • This object is achieved by the measure according to claim 3.
  • the upper conveyor belt is pivotally mounted about an axis located approximately in the longitudinal center thereof, so that when the lower deflection roller changes, the upper deflection roller is inevitably adjusted to the same extent.
  • the slip which arises in the upper circulating belt can be reduced, so that there is a constant supply of the material to be shredded.
  • the possibility of adjusting the circulating belt according to the invention can also be used to adjust the force which the belt exerts on the material to be conveyed and can thus be adapted to an individual treatment of the material.
  • the feature according to claim 6 is used to readjust the crusher when the hammer is worn.
  • the feature according to claim 7 is used to control the degree of wear of the hammers.
  • the anvil can be used offset by 180 degrees after the wear of one edge.
  • the feature according to claim 9 serves to protect the housing.
  • the feature according to claim 10 offers a further advantage.
  • the shredding machine essentially consists of a crusher B and a loading device C, the two parts of which are accommodated in a housing D.
  • the loading device consists of a lower, endlessly rotating horizontal feed belt 7 and an endlessly rotating friction belt 1, which is directed obliquely downwards in the conveying direction A against the feed belt 7 and is guided over deflection rollers 13, 14.
  • the feed belt 7 is guided over deflection rollers 8, 9, the deflection roller 9 facing the crusher B being driven by a drive shaft 15.
  • the drive shaft 5 is guided in a curved slot 11, the radius of curvature of which passes through the central axis of the crusher B, so that the deflection rollers 14 can be adapted to the thickness of a plate supplied to the crusher B or the like.
  • the shredding machine is intended for shredding plank ceiling panels, which are designated by 39 in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • hydraulic cylinders 18, 22 are provided which, via a piston rod 19 or 23, a triangular toggle lever 20 or 24, and a link 25 or 4 to the shafts 26 or 5 of the deflection rollers 8 or 9 of the friction band 1 are connected.
  • the hydraulic cylinders 18, 22 with the piston rod 19, 23 and the toggle levers 20, 24 and the links 25, 4 are arranged in pairs and connected to the ends of the shafts 26, 5 protruding from the housing D.
  • the toggle levers 20, 24 are pivotally mounted about the axes 21, 3.
  • the crusher B is designed as a rotor, which has a drive shaft 27, which is mounted on its ends protruding on both sides of the housing D, as shown in FIG. 3, in rockers 30, which are each pivotable about a pin 38 fastened in the housing D on the bottom side are stored.
  • On the drive shaft 27 are arranged at intervals from each other with this coupled to rotation segmented disks 28 (Fig. 4), on which are made of highly wear-resistant cast and largely insensitive to unbreakable foreign bodies hammers 29 swinging about a pivot axis 31.
  • the disk segments 28 are successively offset in pairs by 90 degrees to one another, the hammers 29 each being suspended between a pair of disk segments.
  • three successive groups are provided, each with hammers 29 offset by 90 degrees, the hammers 29 of all groups lying in the same angular position being aligned with one another in a row.
  • the hammers 29 have a width of approximately 120 mm, two blind disks 33 being provided between each two disk segments 28 in the width of the hammer 29.
  • the successive hammers 29 on the circumference of the rotor, each offset by 90 degrees, are, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, each offset by a hammer width in the longitudinal direction of the rotor.
  • the hammers 29 During the rotation of the rotor or crusher B, three hammers 29 each hit the material to be shredded side by side. During one revolution of the rotor or crusher B, the hammers 29 break off one line of the material in steps of four sections in the width of the hammers 29. In the area of the hammer 29, the floor cover plate 39 rests on an anvil 6, which in the present case Trap has a square cross-section and can be seated on a shoulder 34 of the housing D in its longitudinal direction and can be rotated about its central axis, so that at least two diametrically opposed edges can be used.
  • anvil 6 when its corner facing the crusher, as indicated by the broken line, is worn, it can be pulled out of the housing D and rotated back into it by 180 degrees, so that its diametrically opposed edge of the worn edge is not worn Edge can be used.
  • a similar arrangement is also made for the hammers 29, in that the hammers 29, when their striking edge is worn out, as shown in dash-dot lines, can be suspended between the disk segments 28 offset by 180 degrees.
  • the crusher B is driven by an electric motor 35 via a multi-strand V-belt 36 onto a V-belt pulley 32, which drives coupled to the drive shaft 27. This sits in curved slots 37 of the housing D, the radius of which goes through the central axis of the pin 38.
  • a hydraulic cylinder 10 provided with a piston 45 is used, which can be pivoted about an axis 12 and is articulated with its piston rod 44 to one of the rockers 30 (FIGS. 1 and 8).
  • the pressure of the piston 45 is in relation to the degree of wear of the hammers 29, so that at the beginning of the piston is in its rear end position and with increasing wear the hammer 29 is advanced in the direction of the arrow E (FIG. 8), at the maximum permissible wear of the hammers 29 has traveled its maximum path, which is limited by a nut 42 which is screwed onto a threaded part 43 of the end of the piston rod 44 protruding from the cylinder 10 and is connected to a sleeve 46, for example by welding, which is via a Ring 47 is supported on the end face of the cylinder 10.
  • the orbit of the hammers 29 is indicated with a dashed circle U in the starting position.
  • the permissible degree of wear of the hammers 29 can be adjusted by adjusting the nut 42.
  • the shredding machine works in a shredding of floorboard panels in the following way:
  • the floorboard panels 39 are fed by a loading device, not shown, to the feed belt 7, which brings the floorboard panels 39 up to the friction belt 1, which is set with its front end so that the slot between Friction belt 1 and feed belt 7 at this point correspond to the thickness of the floor cover plate 39, so that as soon as it enters this slot, it is fed to the crusher B.
  • the friction belt 1 is, as described, infinitely adjustable and runs at the same speed as the feed belt 7.
  • the described arrangement of the hammers 29 creates an uninterrupted cut with a single width, which corresponds to the single width of the hammers 29, thus 120 mm in the present embodiment.
  • the staggered arrangement of the hammers results in a helical processing of the decking slabs.
  • the desired size of the grain of the removed material can be adjusted by adjusting the speed of the crusher and the feed speed of the removed material.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
  • Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Shovels (AREA)

Abstract

Crushing apparatus, in particular for discarded building materials or debris. The crushing apparatus has a crusher (B) which is constructed as a rotor and has swing-mounted hammers (29) and a charging device (C) which has two continuously rotating belts, specifically one friction belt (1) and one charging belt (7). The distance between crusher (B) and charging device (C) is variable in that the crusher (B) can be adjusted in the feed direction (A) of the material to be crushed. The friction belt (1) is directed in the feed direction (A) obliquely downwards towards the charging belt (7) and the two ends of the friction belt (1) are vertically adjustable. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Zerkleinerungsmaschine, insbesondere für Ausschuß- oder Abbruchteile im Bauwesen, nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1.The invention relates to a comminution machine, in particular for rejects or demolition parts in construction, according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Derartige Zerkleinerungsmaschinen sind beispielsweise aus der US-PS 3 825 192 bekannt und besitzen einen Backenbrecher sowie eine Kettenförderung. Nachteilig bei diesen Zerkleinerungsmaschinen sind häufige mechanische Störungen, wobei außerdem das Endprodukt nicht zufriedenstellend ist und keine Möglichkeit der unmittelbaren Wiederverwertung gewährleistet.Comminution machines of this type are known, for example, from US Pat. No. 3,825,192 and have a jaw crusher and a chain conveyor. A disadvantage of these shredding machines is frequent mechanical malfunctions, the end product also being unsatisfactory and ensuring no possibility of immediate recycling.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist die Schaffung einer Zerkleinerungsmaschine, welche insbesondere Betonfertigplatten,wie z.B. Dielendeckenelemente, in mineralische und ferritische Bestandteile zerlegt, wobei die mineralischen Bestandteile als Schüttgut in einer gleichbleibenden Kornzusammensetzung gewonnen werden und der Wiederverwertung zuführbar sind.The object of the invention is to provide a comminution machine which, in particular, precast concrete slabs, such as Floor covering elements, broken down into mineral and ferritic components, whereby the mineral components are obtained as bulk material in a constant grain composition and can be recycled.

Diese Aufgabe wird bei einer Zerkleinerungsmaschine der eingangs erwähnten Art erfindungsgemäß duch die Maßnahme nach dem kennzeichnenden Teil des Patentanspruches 1 gelöst. Dadurch wird ermöglicht, durch einfache Einstellung der Zerkleinerungsmaschine eine beliebige Korngröße des zerkleinerten Gutes herzustellen.This object is achieved according to the invention in a comminution machine of the type mentioned at the outset by the measure according to the characterizing part of patent claim 1. This makes it possible to produce any grain size of the comminuted material by simply adjusting the comminution machine.

Diese Maßnahme kann, allenfalls auch ergänzend, durch die Maßnahme nach Patentanspruch 2 erreicht werden. In diesem Zusammenhang stellt sich die vorliegende Erfindung auch die zusätzliche Aufgabe, eine ständig konstante Zufuhr des zu zerkleinernden Materials, insbesondere von Dielendeckenelementen zu erzielen, wodurch die eingestellte Korngröße nicht verändert wird. Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Maßnahme nach Patentanspruch 3 gelöst. Bei der Zerkleinerungsmaschine nach der eingangs erwähnten US-PS ist das obere Förderband um eine etwa in der Längsmitte desselben gelegene Achse schwenkbar gelagert, sodaß bei Änderung der unteren Umlenkrolle zwangsläufig auch im gleichen Maße die obere Umlenkrolle entgegengesetzt verstellt wird.This measure can, if necessary, also be supplemented by the measure according to claim 2. In this context, the present invention also has the additional object of achieving a constant supply of the material to be shredded, in particular of floorboard ceiling elements, as a result of which the grain size set is not changed. This object is achieved by the measure according to claim 3. In the shredding machine according to the US patent mentioned at the outset, the upper conveyor belt is pivotally mounted about an axis located approximately in the longitudinal center thereof, so that when the lower deflection roller changes, the upper deflection roller is inevitably adjusted to the same extent.

Durch die erfindungsgemäße Manahme kann der Schlupf, der bei dem oberen umlaufenden Band entsteht, verringert werden, sodaß eine konstante Zufuhr des zu zerkleinernden Gutes erfolgt. Außerdem kann durch die erfindungsgemäße Verstellmöglichkeit des umlaufenden Bandes auch die Kraft, welche das Band auf das zu fördernde Gut ausübt, nachgestellt werden und damit einer individuellen Behandlung des Gutes angepaßt werden.Through the measure according to the invention, the slip which arises in the upper circulating belt can be reduced, so that there is a constant supply of the material to be shredded. In addition, the possibility of adjusting the circulating belt according to the invention can also be used to adjust the force which the belt exerts on the material to be conveyed and can thus be adapted to an individual treatment of the material.

Durch die Maßnahmen nach den Anspruchen 4 und 5 wird eine einfache Verstellbarkeit des Rotors ermöglicht.The measures according to claims 4 and 5 make it easy to adjust the rotor.

Zur Nachstellung des Brechers bei Abnützung der Hammer dient das Merkmal nach Anspruch 6.The feature according to claim 6 is used to readjust the crusher when the hammer is worn.

Zur Steuerung des Abnützungsgrades der Hämmer dient das Merkmal nach Anspruch 7.The feature according to claim 7 is used to control the degree of wear of the hammers.

Durch das Merkmal der Erfindung nach Anspruch 8 kann der Amboß nach Abnützung der einen Kante um 180 Grad versetzt eingesetzt werden.Due to the feature of the invention according to claim 8, the anvil can be used offset by 180 degrees after the wear of one edge.

Zur Schonung des Gehäuses dient das Merkmal nach Anspruch 9.The feature according to claim 9 serves to protect the housing.

Einen weiteren Vorteil bietet das Merkmal nach Anspruch 10.The feature according to claim 10 offers a further advantage.

Einzelheiten der Erfindung werden anhand der Zeichnungen erläutert, in welchen ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Zerkleinerungsmaschine dargestellt ist.Details of the invention will be explained with reference to the drawings, in which an embodiment of the shredding machine is shown.

Es zeigen in vereinfachter Darstellung

  • Fig. 1 die Zerkleinerungsmaschine in Seitenansicht,
  • Fig. 2 einen Schnitt der Linie II-II der Fig. 1,
  • Fig. 3 einen Schnitt der Linie III-III der Fig. 1,
  • Fig. 4 und 5 den Brecher in Seiten- und in Draufsicht,
  • Fig. 6 die Hämmeranordnung,
  • Fig. 7 ein Detail des Brechers und
  • Fig. 8 die hydraulische Steuerung der Hämmer.
They show in a simplified representation
  • 1 shows the shredding machine in side view,
  • 2 shows a section along line II-II of FIG. 1,
  • 3 shows a section along line III-III of FIG. 1,
  • 4 and 5, the crusher in side and top view,
  • 6 shows the hammer arrangement,
  • Fig. 7 shows a detail of the crusher and
  • Fig. 8 shows the hydraulic control of the hammers.

Die Zerkleinerungsmaschine besteht im wesentlichen aus einem Brecher B und einer Beschickungseinrichtung C, deren beide Teile in einem Gehäuse D untergebracht sind.The shredding machine essentially consists of a crusher B and a loading device C, the two parts of which are accommodated in a housing D.

Die Beschickungseinrichtung besteht aus einem unteren, endlos umlaufenden horizontalen Aufgabeband 7 und einem endlos umlaufenden Friktionsband 1, welches in der Förderrichtung A schräg nach unten gegen das Aufgabeband 7 gerichtet und über Umlenkrollen 13, 14 geführt ist. Das Aufgabeband 7 ist über Umlenkrollen 8, 9 geführt, wobei die dem Brecher B zugekehrte Umlenkrolle 9 von einer Antriebswelle 15 angetrieben wird. Auf der Innenseite des Friktionsbandes 1 und (nicht dargestellt) auch des Aufgabebandes 7 sind zwei zur Längsmitte des Bandes spiegelbildlich angeordnete Förderketten 16 vorgesehen (Fig.2), in welche zwei korrespondierende Antriebszahnräder 17 eingreifen, die von einer Antriebswelle 5 bzw. 15 mitgenommen werden. Die Antriebswelle 5 ist in einem gekrummten Schlitz 11 geführt, dessen Krummungsradius durch die Mittelachse des Brechers B geht, sodaß die Umlenkrollen 14 der Dicke einer dem Brecher B zugeführten Platte od. dgl. angepaßt werden können. Im vorliegenden Falle ist die Zerkleinerungsmaschine zur Zerkleinerung von Dielendeckenplatten bestimmt, welche in den Fig. 1 und 2 mit 39 bezeichnet sind. Zur Höhenverstellung der Umlenkrollen 13, 14 sind hydraulische Zylinder 18, 22 vorgesehen, welche über eine Kolbenstange 19 bzw. 23, einen dreiecksförmigen Kniehebel 20 bzw. 24, sowie einen Lenker 25 bzw. 4 an die Wellen 26 bzw. 5 der Umlenkrollen 8 bzw. 9 des Friktionsbandes 1 angeschlossen sind.The loading device consists of a lower, endlessly rotating horizontal feed belt 7 and an endlessly rotating friction belt 1, which is directed obliquely downwards in the conveying direction A against the feed belt 7 and is guided over deflection rollers 13, 14. The feed belt 7 is guided over deflection rollers 8, 9, the deflection roller 9 facing the crusher B being driven by a drive shaft 15. On the inside of the friction belt 1 and (not shown) also of the feed belt 7 there are two conveyor chains 16 arranged in mirror image to the longitudinal center of the belt (FIG. 2), in which two corresponding drive gearwheels 17 engage, which are carried by a drive shaft 5 or 15 . The drive shaft 5 is guided in a curved slot 11, the radius of curvature of which passes through the central axis of the crusher B, so that the deflection rollers 14 can be adapted to the thickness of a plate supplied to the crusher B or the like. In the present case, the shredding machine is intended for shredding plank ceiling panels, which are designated by 39 in FIGS. 1 and 2. To adjust the height of the deflection rollers 13, 14, hydraulic cylinders 18, 22 are provided which, via a piston rod 19 or 23, a triangular toggle lever 20 or 24, and a link 25 or 4 to the shafts 26 or 5 of the deflection rollers 8 or 9 of the friction band 1 are connected.

Wie Fig. 2 zeigt, sind die hydraulischen Zylinder 18, 22 mit der Kolbenstange 19, 23 sowie den Kniehebeln 20, 24 und den Lenkern 25, 4 paarweise angeordnet und an die aus dem Gehäuse D ausragenden Enden der Wellen 26, 5 angeschlossen. Die Kniehebel 20, 24 sind um die Achsen 21, 3 schwenkbar gelagert.2, the hydraulic cylinders 18, 22 with the piston rod 19, 23 and the toggle levers 20, 24 and the links 25, 4 are arranged in pairs and connected to the ends of the shafts 26, 5 protruding from the housing D. The toggle levers 20, 24 are pivotally mounted about the axes 21, 3.

Der Brecher B ist als Rotor ausgebildet, welcher eine Antriebswelle 27 besitzt,die an ihren zu beiden Seiten des Gehäuses D ausragenden Enden, wie Fig. 3 zeigt, in Schwingen 30 gelagert ist, welche jeweils um einen bodenseitig im Gehäuse D befestigten Zapfen 38 schwenkbar gelagert sind. Auf der Antriebswelle 27 sind in Abständen voneinander mit dieser auf Drehung gekoppelte Segmentscheiben 28 angeordnet (Fig. 4), auf denen aus hochverschleißbarem Guß gefertigte und gegen unbrechbare Fremdkörper weitgehend unempfindliche Hämmer 29 um eine Schwenkachse 31 pendelnd aufgehängt sind.The crusher B is designed as a rotor, which has a drive shaft 27, which is mounted on its ends protruding on both sides of the housing D, as shown in FIG. 3, in rockers 30, which are each pivotable about a pin 38 fastened in the housing D on the bottom side are stored. On the drive shaft 27 are arranged at intervals from each other with this coupled to rotation segmented disks 28 (Fig. 4), on which are made of highly wear-resistant cast and largely insensitive to unbreakable foreign bodies hammers 29 swinging about a pivot axis 31.

Wie Fig. 5 zeigt, sind die Scheibensegmente 28 paarweise aufeinanderfolgend jeweils um 90 Grad zueinander versetzt, wobei die Hämmer 29 jeweils zwischen einem Scheibensegmentpaar aufgehängt sind. Im vorliegenden Falle sind drei aufeinanderfolgende Gruppen zu jeweils um 90 Grad versetzten Hämmern 29 vorgesehen, wobei die in gleicher Winkellage liegenden Hämmer 29 aller Gruppen zueinander in einer Reihe ausgerichtet sind. Die Hämmer 29 haben eine Breite von etwa 120 mm, wobei zwischen je zwei Scheibensegmenten 28 in der Breite des Hammers 29 je zwei Blindscheiben 33 vorgesehen sind. Die am Umfang des Rotors aufeinanderfolgenden,jeweils um 90 Grad zueinander versetzten Hämmer 29 sind,wie die Fig. 5 und 6 zeigen,jeweils um eine Hammerbreite in der Längsrichtung des Rotors zueinander versetzt angeordnet. Während der Umdrehung des Rotors bzw. Brechers B schlagen jeweils drei Hämmer 29 nebeneinander auf das zu zerkleinernde Gut an. Während einer Umdrehung des Rotors bzw. Brechers B brechen die Hämmer 29 jeweils eine Zeile des Materials in Stufen von vier Teilabschnitten in der Breite der Hämmer 29 ab. Im Bereiche der Hammer 29 liegt die Dielendeckenplatte 39 auf einem Amboß 6 auf, welcher im vorliegenden Falle quadratischen Querschnitt hat und auf einen Absatz 34 des Gehäuses D sitzend in seiner Längsrichtung aus diesem herausgezogen und um seine Mittelachse verdreht eingesetzt werden kann, sodaß zumindest zwei aneinander diametral gegenüberliegende Kanten zum Einsatz gebracht werden können. Dies ermöglicht, daß der Amboß 6 wenn seine dem Brecher zugekehrte Ecke, wie strichliert angedeutet ist, abgenützt ist,er aus dem Gehäuse D rausgezogen werden kann und in dieses um 180 Grad verdreht wieder einsetzbar ist,sodaß seine der abgenützten Kante diametral gegenüberliegende nicht abgenützte Kante zum Einsatz gebracht werden kann. Eine ähnliche Vorkehrung ist auch bei den Hämmern 29 getroffen, indem die Hämmer 29, wenn ihre Schlagkante,wie strichpunktiert dargestellt ist, abgenützt wird, um 180 Grad versetzt zwischen die Scheibensegmente 28 aufgehängt werden können.5 shows, the disk segments 28 are successively offset in pairs by 90 degrees to one another, the hammers 29 each being suspended between a pair of disk segments. In the present case, three successive groups are provided, each with hammers 29 offset by 90 degrees, the hammers 29 of all groups lying in the same angular position being aligned with one another in a row. The hammers 29 have a width of approximately 120 mm, two blind disks 33 being provided between each two disk segments 28 in the width of the hammer 29. The successive hammers 29 on the circumference of the rotor, each offset by 90 degrees, are, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, each offset by a hammer width in the longitudinal direction of the rotor. During the rotation of the rotor or crusher B, three hammers 29 each hit the material to be shredded side by side. During one revolution of the rotor or crusher B, the hammers 29 break off one line of the material in steps of four sections in the width of the hammers 29. In the area of the hammer 29, the floor cover plate 39 rests on an anvil 6, which in the present case Trap has a square cross-section and can be seated on a shoulder 34 of the housing D in its longitudinal direction and can be rotated about its central axis, so that at least two diametrically opposed edges can be used. This enables the anvil 6 when its corner facing the crusher, as indicated by the broken line, is worn, it can be pulled out of the housing D and rotated back into it by 180 degrees, so that its diametrically opposed edge of the worn edge is not worn Edge can be used. A similar arrangement is also made for the hammers 29, in that the hammers 29, when their striking edge is worn out, as shown in dash-dot lines, can be suspended between the disk segments 28 offset by 180 degrees.

Der Antrieb des Brechers B erfolgt von einem Elektromotor 35 über einen mehrsträngigen Keilriemen 36 auf eine Keilriemenscheibe 32, welche antriebsweise gekoppelt auf der Antriebswelle 27 rührt. Diese sitzt in gekrümmten Schlitzen 37 des Gehäuses D,deren Radius durch die Mittelachse der Zapfen 38 geht. Zur Verstellung des Brechers B mit seiner Antriebswelle 27 in den Schlitzen 37 dient ein mit einem Kolben 45 versehener Hydraulikzylinder 10, welcher um eine Achse 12 schwenkbar ist und mit seiner Kolbenstange 44 an einer der Schwingen 30 angelenkt ist (Fig. 1 und 8). Der Druck des Kolben 45 steht im Verhältnis zum Abnützungsgrad der Hämmer 29, sodaß am Beginn der Kolben in seiner rückwärtigen Endlage steht und mit zunehmender Abnützung der Hammer 29 in der Richtung des Pfeiles E (Fig.8) vorgeschoben wird, wobei er bei der maximal zulässigen Abnützung der Hämmer 29 seinen maximalen Weg zurückgelegt hat, der durch eine Mutter 42 begrenzt ist, welche auf einem Gewindeteil 43 des aus dem Zylinder 10 herausragenden Endes der Kolbenstange 44 aufgeschraubt und mit einer Hülse 46 z.B. durch Schweißen verbunden ist, welche sich über einen Ring 47 an der Stirnseite des Zylinders 10 Abstützt. Hiebei ist die Umlaufbahn der Hämmer 29 in der Ausgangsstellung mit einem strichlierten Kreis U angedeutet.The crusher B is driven by an electric motor 35 via a multi-strand V-belt 36 onto a V-belt pulley 32, which drives coupled to the drive shaft 27. This sits in curved slots 37 of the housing D, the radius of which goes through the central axis of the pin 38. To adjust the crusher B with its drive shaft 27 in the slots 37, a hydraulic cylinder 10 provided with a piston 45 is used, which can be pivoted about an axis 12 and is articulated with its piston rod 44 to one of the rockers 30 (FIGS. 1 and 8). The pressure of the piston 45 is in relation to the degree of wear of the hammers 29, so that at the beginning of the piston is in its rear end position and with increasing wear the hammer 29 is advanced in the direction of the arrow E (FIG. 8), at the maximum permissible wear of the hammers 29 has traveled its maximum path, which is limited by a nut 42 which is screwed onto a threaded part 43 of the end of the piston rod 44 protruding from the cylinder 10 and is connected to a sleeve 46, for example by welding, which is via a Ring 47 is supported on the end face of the cylinder 10. The orbit of the hammers 29 is indicated with a dashed circle U in the starting position.

Durch Verstellen der Mutter 42 kann der zulässige Grad der Abnützung der Hämmer 29 eingestellt werden.The permissible degree of wear of the hammers 29 can be adjusted by adjusting the nut 42.

Die erfindungsgemäße Zerkleinerungsmaschine arbeitet bei einer Zerkleinerung von Dielendeckenplatten in folgender Weise: Die Dielendeckenplatten 39 werden von einer nicht dargestellten Beschickungseinrichtung dem Aufgabeband 7 zugeführt, welches die Dielendeckenplatten 39 bis zum Friktionsband 1 bringt, das mit seinem vorderen Ende so eingestellt ist, daß der Schlitz zwischen Friktionsband 1 und Aufgabeband 7 an dieser Stelle der Dicke der Dielendeckenplatte 39 entspricht, sodaß diese,sobald sie in diesen Schlitz gelangt, dem Brecher B zugeführt wird. Das Friktionsband 1 ist,wie beschrieben,stufenlos einstellbar, und läuft mit gleicher Geschwindigkeit wie das Aufgabeband 7. Die eingezogene Dielendeckenplatte 39, welche somit eingespannt ist, wird über den Amboß 6 in den Eingriffsbereich der Hämmer 29 gebracht. Die Hämmer 29 erzeugen durch ihre beschriebene Anordnung einen ununterbrochenen Schnitt mit einer Einzelbreite, welcher der Einzelbreite der Hämmer 29, beim gegenständlichen Ausführungsbeispiel somit 120 mm entspricht.The shredding machine according to the invention works in a shredding of floorboard panels in the following way: The floorboard panels 39 are fed by a loading device, not shown, to the feed belt 7, which brings the floorboard panels 39 up to the friction belt 1, which is set with its front end so that the slot between Friction belt 1 and feed belt 7 at this point correspond to the thickness of the floor cover plate 39, so that as soon as it enters this slot, it is fed to the crusher B. The friction belt 1 is, as described, infinitely adjustable and runs at the same speed as the feed belt 7. The described arrangement of the hammers 29 creates an uninterrupted cut with a single width, which corresponds to the single width of the hammers 29, thus 120 mm in the present embodiment.

Durch die Möglichkeit der Nachstellung des Brechers B entsprechend dem Hammerverschleiß werden immer optimale Eingriffbedingungen im Bereich des Ambosses 6 gewährleistet. Hiebei ermöglichen die Hämmer 29 in ihrer Gesamtheit eine Arbeitsbreite von 1440 mm. Dabei trägt der Brecher bei jeder Umdrehung jeweils einen Streifen in der gesamten Breite der Dielendeckenplatte ab. Durch die versetzte Anordnung der Hämmer erfolgt eine schraubenlinienförmige Bearbeitung der Dielendeckenplatten. Die gewünschte Größe des erzeugten Kornes des abgetragenen Gutes kann durch entsprechende Einstellung der Umlaufgeschwindigkeit des Brechers sowie der Zufuhrgeschwindigkeit des abzutragenden Gutes eingestellt werden.The possibility of adjusting the crusher B according to the hammer wear always ensures optimal engagement conditions in the area of the anvil 6. The hammers 29 in their entirety enable a working width of 1440 mm. With each turn, the crusher removes one strip across the entire width of the decking board. The staggered arrangement of the hammers results in a helical processing of the decking slabs. The desired size of the grain of the removed material can be adjusted by adjusting the speed of the crusher and the feed speed of the removed material.

Claims (10)

Zerkleinerungsmaschine, insbesondere für Ausschuß- oder Abbruchteile im Bauwesen, mit einem als Rotor ausgebildeten Brecher, der in einem Gehäuse untergebracht ist, mit vorzugsweise pendelnd aufgehängten Hämmern versehen ist und von einer Antriebswelle angetrieben wird sowie einer Beschickungseinrichtung, welche das zu zerkleinernde Gut dem Rotor vorzugsweise über einen Amboß zuführt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Abstand zwischen Rotor und Beschickungseinrichtung (C) veränderbar ist.Shredding machine, in particular for rejects or demolition parts in construction, with a crusher designed as a rotor, which is accommodated in a housing, is provided with preferably pendulum-suspended hammers and is driven by a drive shaft, and a loading device which preferably comminutes the material to be shredded to the rotor Feeds via an anvil, characterized in that the distance between the rotor and the loading device (C) is variable. Zerkleinerungsmaschine, insbesondere für Ausschuß- oder Abbruchteile im Bauwesen, mit einem als Rotor ausgebildeten Brecher, der in einem Gehäuse untergebracht ist, mit vorzugsweise pendelnd aufgehängten Hämmern versehen ist und von einer Antriebswelle angetrieben wird sowie einer Beschickungseinrichtung, welche das zu zerkleinernde Gut dem Rotor vorzugsweise über einen Amboß zuführt und aus mindestens zwei übereinanderliegenden, jeweils über mindestens zwei Umlenkrollen, umlaufenden endlosen Bändern besteht, von welchen das obere in der Förderrichtung zum unteren schräg abfallend gerichtet ist und einen verändernbaren Neigungswinkel besitzt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Geschwindigkeit beider Bänder (1, 7) stufenlos regelbar ist.Shredding machine, in particular for rejects or demolition parts in construction, with a crusher designed as a rotor, which is accommodated in a housing, is provided with preferably pendulum-suspended hammers and is driven by a drive shaft, and a loading device which preferably comminutes the material to be shredded to the rotor feeds via an anvil and consists of at least two endless belts, one above the other, each with at least two deflection rollers, the upper of which is sloping in the conveying direction to the lower and has a variable angle of inclination, characterized in that the speed of both belts (1 , 7) is infinitely variable. Zerkleinerungsmaschine, insbesondere für Ausschuß oder Abbruchteile im Bauwesen, mit einem als Rotor ausgebildeten Brecher, der in einem Gehäuse untergebracht ist, mit vorzugsweise pendelnd aufgehängten Hämmern versehen ist und von einer Antriebswelle angetrieben wird sowie einer Beschickungseinrichtung, welche das zu zerkleinernde Gut dem Rotor vorzugsweise über einen Amboß zuführt und aus mindestens zwei übereinanderliegenden, jeweils über mindestens zwei Umlenkrollen, umlaufenden endlosen Bändern besteht, von welchen das obere in der Förderrichtung zum unteren schräg abfallend gerichtet ist und einen verändernbaren Neigungswinkel besitzt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß beide Umlenkrollen (13, 14) des oberen Bandes (1) unabhängig voneinander höhenverstellbar sind.Crushing machine, in particular for rejects or demolition parts in construction, with a crusher designed as a rotor, which is accommodated in a housing, is provided with preferably pendulum-suspended hammers and is driven by a drive shaft, and a loading device which preferably transfers the material to be shredded to the rotor feeds an anvil and consists of at least two superimposed endless belts, each over at least two deflecting rollers, the upper of which is inclined in the conveying direction towards the lower and has a variable angle of inclination, characterized in that both deflecting rollers (13, 14) the upper band (1) are independently adjustable in height. Zerkleinerungsmaschine nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Antriebswelle (27) des Rotors von Schwingen (30) getragen ist, welche unterhalb des Rotors auf Zapfen (38) im Gehäuse (D) des Brechers (B) gelagert sind.Comminution machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive shaft (27) of the rotor is carried by rockers (30) which are mounted below the rotor on pins (38) in the housing (D) of the crusher (B). Zerkleinerungsmaschine nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Antriebswelle (27) in ringsektorförmigen Schlitzen (37) der Wand des den Brecher (B) aufnehmenden Gehäuses (D) geführt sind.Comminution machine according to claim 4, characterized in that the drive shaft (27) are guided in annular sector-shaped slots (37) in the wall of the housing (D) receiving the crusher (B). Zerkleinerungsmaschine nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein hydraulisch oder pneumatisch arbeitender, mit Kolben (45) und Kolbenstange (44) versehener Zylinder (10) vorgesehen ist, welcher um einen Zapfen (12) schwenkbar angeordnet ist, und dessen Kolbenstange (44) mit mindestens einer der Schwingen (30) gelenkig verbunden ist.Comminution machine according to claim 5, characterized in that a hydraulically or pneumatically operating cylinder (10) provided with piston (45) and piston rod (44) is provided, which is arranged pivotably about a pin (12), and its piston rod (44) is articulated to at least one of the rockers (30). Zerkleinerungsmaschine nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Weg des Kolbens (45) des Zylinders (10) durch eine Mutter (42) einstellbar ist, welche auf einem aus dem Zylinder (10) herausragenden Gewindeende (43) der Kolbenstange (44) aufgeschraubt ist.Comminution machine according to claim 6, characterized in that the path of the piston (45) of the cylinder (10) can be adjusted by a nut (42) which is screwed onto a threaded end (43) of the piston rod (44) protruding from the cylinder (10) is. Zerkleinerungsmaschine nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zur Zuführung des zu zerkleinernden Materials den Schlaghämmern (29) im Gehäuse (D) ein im Querschnitt vorzugsweise rechteckiger Amboß (6) angeordnet ist, welcher aus dem Gehäuse (D) herausziehbar und in dieses winkelversetzt einsetzbar ist.Shredding machine according to at least one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that an anvil (6) which is preferably rectangular in cross section and which can be pulled out of the housing (D) is arranged in the housing (D) in order to supply the material to be ground to the impact hammers (29) and can be used offset in this. Zerkleinerungsmaschine nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Wände des Gehäuses (D) im Bereich der auftreffenden abgetrennten Materialstücke mit Stahlplatten (40) ausgekleidet sind.Comminution machine according to Claim 8, characterized in that the walls of the housing (D) are lined with steel plates (40) in the region of the separated material pieces that strike. Zerkleinerungsmaschine nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die untere Unlenkrolle (14) des oberen Bandes (1) in einem gekrümmten Schlitz (11) geführt ist, dessen Krümmungsradius durch die Mittelachse des Brechers (B) führt.Comminution machine according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the lower deflection roller (14) of the upper belt (1) is guided in a curved slot (11), the radius of curvature of which leads through the central axis of the crusher (B).
EP93890102A 1992-05-22 1993-05-18 Crushing-apparatus especially for discarded building material and debris Expired - Lifetime EP0571359B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT106392 1992-05-22
AT1063/92 1992-05-22

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EP0571359A1 true EP0571359A1 (en) 1993-11-24
EP0571359B1 EP0571359B1 (en) 1996-08-28

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EP (1) EP0571359B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE141830T1 (en)
CZ (1) CZ94093A3 (en)
DE (1) DE59303541D1 (en)
HU (1) HUT70111A (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1997046320A1 (en) * 1996-06-06 1997-12-11 Van Gelder-Stubbeng Pty. Limited A waste mill

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DE671813C (en) * 1938-04-01 1939-02-15 Luebecker Maschb Ges Hammer crusher, which is arranged at the end of a belt conveyor
GB1075726A (en) * 1965-05-06 1967-07-12 Hazemag Hartzerkleinerung Improvements in or relating to impact mills
US3633833A (en) * 1969-12-04 1972-01-11 Stanley V Ehrlich Machine with self-sharpening means for cutting scrap materials into chips
US3688624A (en) * 1969-11-28 1972-09-05 Gordon W Covey Cutter assembly
GB1353893A (en) * 1970-01-22 1974-05-22 Park Webb Ltd Treatment of waste materials
US3825192A (en) * 1973-01-22 1974-07-23 Jeffrey Galion Inc Feeding mechanism for reduction apparatus
DE2731588A1 (en) * 1977-07-13 1979-01-25 Lindemann Maschfab Gmbh Rotary shears for cutting up bulky waste - has one rotor moving against springs to let through hard to cut waste
EP0015877A1 (en) * 1979-03-09 1980-09-17 Bühler AG Device for shredding refuse and method for operating this device
FR2527100A1 (en) * 1982-05-22 1983-11-25 Krupp Gmbh GRINDING INSTALLATION

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE671813C (en) * 1938-04-01 1939-02-15 Luebecker Maschb Ges Hammer crusher, which is arranged at the end of a belt conveyor
GB1075726A (en) * 1965-05-06 1967-07-12 Hazemag Hartzerkleinerung Improvements in or relating to impact mills
US3688624A (en) * 1969-11-28 1972-09-05 Gordon W Covey Cutter assembly
US3633833A (en) * 1969-12-04 1972-01-11 Stanley V Ehrlich Machine with self-sharpening means for cutting scrap materials into chips
GB1353893A (en) * 1970-01-22 1974-05-22 Park Webb Ltd Treatment of waste materials
US3825192A (en) * 1973-01-22 1974-07-23 Jeffrey Galion Inc Feeding mechanism for reduction apparatus
DE2731588A1 (en) * 1977-07-13 1979-01-25 Lindemann Maschfab Gmbh Rotary shears for cutting up bulky waste - has one rotor moving against springs to let through hard to cut waste
EP0015877A1 (en) * 1979-03-09 1980-09-17 Bühler AG Device for shredding refuse and method for operating this device
FR2527100A1 (en) * 1982-05-22 1983-11-25 Krupp Gmbh GRINDING INSTALLATION

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1997046320A1 (en) * 1996-06-06 1997-12-11 Van Gelder-Stubbeng Pty. Limited A waste mill

Also Published As

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DE59303541D1 (en) 1996-10-02
EP0571359B1 (en) 1996-08-28
HU9301507D0 (en) 1993-09-28
CZ94093A3 (en) 1994-04-13
HUT70111A (en) 1995-09-28
ATE141830T1 (en) 1996-09-15

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