EP0570318B1 - Verfahren zum Weben von dicker Armierung mit mehreren nicht-ablösbaren Schichten für Verbundmaterialien und Webmaschine für die Fabrikation - Google Patents

Verfahren zum Weben von dicker Armierung mit mehreren nicht-ablösbaren Schichten für Verbundmaterialien und Webmaschine für die Fabrikation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0570318B1
EP0570318B1 EP93450002A EP93450002A EP0570318B1 EP 0570318 B1 EP0570318 B1 EP 0570318B1 EP 93450002 A EP93450002 A EP 93450002A EP 93450002 A EP93450002 A EP 93450002A EP 0570318 B1 EP0570318 B1 EP 0570318B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
threads
comb
layers
dobby
gauging
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP93450002A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0570318A1 (de
Inventor
François Monget
Michel Hee
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Airbus Group SAS
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Airbus Group SAS
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D41/00—Looms not otherwise provided for, e.g. for weaving chenille yarn; Details peculiar to these looms
    • D03D41/004—Looms for three-dimensional fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D25/00—Woven fabrics not otherwise provided for
    • D03D25/005—Three-dimensional woven fabrics

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the manufacture of a woven reinforcement with multiple indelaminable layers, having a greater thickness compared to known reinforcements of this type.
  • This type of reinforcement intermediate between the reinforcement with fibrous reinforcement in two directions (called 2D) and the reinforcement with fibrous reinforcement in three directions (called 3D) and called for convenience 2.5 D reinforcement, is characterized by a structure equivalent to a 2D reinforcement stack, indelaminable by the fact that threads of one direction, for example warp, trap threads of the other direction (the weft threads) of two adjacent layers, the term layer being here defined by the number of superimposed parallel planes formed by the weft threads.
  • the invention can be applied to armatures of the 2.5 D and 3 D types, in the following description we will use the word armature in the sense of a 2.5 D or 3 D type structure in which certain wires in one direction, for example warp, trap threads in the other direction, the weft threads, of at least two layers, the number of layers being defined by the number of superimposed parallel planes formed by the weft threads.
  • This type of woven frame is manufactured on technical fabric weaving units, of conventional design, comprising in particular a positive dobby whose operation is well known.
  • the purpose of this device by means of vertically movable blades and consisting of frames carrying heddles in which the warp threads are threaded, to raise or lower the chalne threads to allow the passage of the weft threads, the chain being presented using a comb called calibrator intended to maintain a certain chain width and to distribute the warp threads regularly over this width.
  • the dobby currently available commercially does not have the sufficient capacity in number of blades to ensure distribution in space correct of all the wires, so that from a number of layers equal to or greater than nine, it is not possible to make this type of reinforcement, the wires of the same calibrator tooth risking s '' hang during movements of the dobby blades.
  • the object of the present invention is precisely to overcome this drawback by proposing a new way of presenting the warp threads and of arranging them in the weaving unit, so as to allow the weaving of reinforcements of the type defined above with layers in number equal to or greater than nine.
  • healds of the same row is meant either healds placed for this purpose on the blades, or, assuming that the blades are already furnished with healds, the healds actually used.
  • Such a method makes it possible to economically use positive commercial dobbies, for example 28-leaf dobbies by arranging two dobbies in series and by controlling them so that the assembly behaves like a single 56-leaf dobby carrying out the same crowd as a dobby with 28 blades, all or not the blades being used according to the number of layers of the frame.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows a weaving machine of known type comprising four sub-assemblies, namely: a creel 1, a joining assembly 2, a weaving unit 3 and a traction system 4.
  • the creel 1 is the set of supports for the spools of warp threads 5 supplying the weaving unit and comprises a certain number of frames 6 each carrying a certain number of spools 7 and arranged in a fan so as to direct towards the unifier 2 all of the wires, the number of which can be very high, 10,800 for example as in the embodiment of the method of the invention which will be described below.
  • the unifier 2 is responsible for grouping the warp threads 5 and placing them in a sheet before they enter the weaving unit 3.
  • the weaving unit 3 comprises a dobby 8 equipped with a number of vertically movable blades and made up of frames carrying heddles each responsible for raising or lowering a warp thread.
  • FIG. 2 In Figure 2 is illustrated the well known principle of operation of such a dobby.
  • a blade in the high position lifting a certain number of warp threads 10 each threaded into an eyelet 11 of a heddle 12 secured to a frame 13 and, at 14, a blade made of low position, identical to blade 9 and lowering other warp threads 15.
  • the spacing of the two layers of yarns 10,15 by the two blades 9,14 forms a crowd of more or less significant amplitude depending on the dobby, the nature of the yarns and the characteristics of the weaving.
  • the warp threads 10,15 are delivered by a calibrating comb 16 (FIG. 1) interposed between the dobby and the unifier 2 and responsible for calibrating the warp threads, that is to say to distribute them uniformly over a width equal to the width of the warp 17 at the outlet of the weaving unit.
  • a leaf 20 is responsible for compacting the pick after insertion.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a 2.5 D woven reinforcement of the type described in French patent No. 87,02012 and comprising nine layers numbered 1 to 9.
  • Each warp thread C connects weft threads T situated in two successive layers, for example: frame T 1 , layer N ° 1; Weft T 2 , layer N ° 2.
  • the invention applies to this type of armature, as well as to the 3 D armature type defined above and will now be described with reference to FIGS. 4 to 7 illustrating the arrangements made for the machine of FIG. 1 for making a 2.5 D woven frame with nineteen layers.
  • the dobby shown diagrammatically in FIG. 4 and intended for weaving the 2.5 D 19-layer reinforcement is made up, according to a particularly economical embodiment of the invention, by adding rib next to two classic dobbies called dobby N ° 1 and dobby N ° 2.
  • Both are for example positive dobbies of type 2237, each equipped with 28 blades and manufactured by the company STAUBLI.
  • the first blade of the dobby N ° 1 is shown diagrammatically at 21 and at 22 the twenty-eighth blade of the dobby N ° 2.
  • the displacement of the blades of the two dobbies is controlled so as to produce a maximum crowd 23, for example of 260 mm, identical to that obtained by a single dobby.
  • the warp threads are presented to the dobbies N ° 1 and 2 according to a spatial distribution involving a special arrangement of the calibrator assembly 16 ′ and a particular putting back of the threads on the heddles of the dobby blades.
  • the calibrator assembly 16 ′ consists of a calibrator comb 27 of the conventional type comprising for example 7.77 teeth per centimeter, of a series 28 of parallel, horizontal separating bars, upstream of the calibrator 27 and d 'a pair 29 of superimposed horizontal bars for supporting and guiding the wires downstream of the calibrator 27.
  • the bars 28 are aligned along an inclined plane to reduce the angle formed by the plies of wires between the blades 28 and the calibrator 27.
  • the support and guide bars 29 are responsible for limiting the vertical movement of the warp threads downstream of the calibrator 27 during the movements of the dobby blades.
  • the warp threads passing through the sizing comb 27 come from a joining assembly 2 ′ which has, in accordance with another aspect of the invention, a particular structure, similar to that of the sizing assembly 16 ′.
  • This assembly comprises a joining comb 30 of conventional type whose number of teeth per centimeter is less than that of the sizer 27.
  • the wires 5 occupy the same number of teeth of the unifier 30 and of the sizer 27.
  • Downstream of the unifier 30 are arranged bars 31 for supporting and guiding the wires and, upstream, there are separating bars, horizontal, parallel 32 in number depending on the arrangement of the creel 1. These bars 32 are loaded, given the very large number of wires 5, channeling in superimposed layers the wires which come from coils 7 arranged at different heights on the support frames 6.
  • FIG. 8 illustrates the handing-over, in accordance with the invention, of the warp threads of this 2.5 D 19-layer frame.
  • the elementary pattern uses six consecutive teeth of the sizing comb.
  • Each tooth of the calibrator 27 comprising nine wires, six consecutive teeth of the calibrator contain 54 wires corresponding to the 54 usable blades.
  • the first six teeth, marked N ° 1 to N ° 6, of the calibrator 27 have been represented at 33, at 34 the row 1 alignment of the heddles 12 of the usable blades (indicated N ° 1 to N ° 54 ) of all the dobbies N ° 1 and N ° 2.
  • N ° 1 to N ° 6 the row 1 alignment of the heddles 12 of the usable blades (indicated N ° 1 to N ° 54 ) of all the dobbies N ° 1 and N ° 2.
  • In 35 is partially represented the row 2 alignment of the heddles 12 of said blades.
  • the wire F 1 passes through the eyelet 36 of the row 1 stringer of the blade No. 1 and the immediately adjacent wire F 2 passes through the eyelet 37 of the row 1 stringer of the blade N ° 28.
  • the thread F 3 immediately adjacent to the thread F 2 passes through the eyelet 38 of the row 1 stringer of the blade No. 2, while the following thread F 4 passes through the eyelet 39 of the row 1 stringer of the blade N ° 29.
  • the 2.5 D 9-layer reinforcement at least 24 blades are required, so that with the handing-over according to the invention, a certain number of blades from the assembly of the two dobbies will operate in tandem, that is, they will rise or fall together.
  • the advantage of using all the blades, when it is not essential, lies in the optimal angular offset which can thus be obtained between the wires of the same calibrator tooth.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Looms (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Verfahren zum Weben von dicker Armierung mit mehreren, nichtablösbaren Lagen einer Struktur vom Typ 2,5 D oder 3 D, bei dem bestimmte Kettfäden Schußfäden von mindestens zwei Lagen binden, wobei die Anzahl von Lagen durch die Anzahl von übereinander angeordneten, parallelen Ebenen, die durch die Schußfäden gebildet werden, definiert sind, und bei dem die Kettfäden aufeinanderfolgend durch ein Vereinigungsried, ein Kalibrierriet und dann eine Schaftwebeinrichtung geführt werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
    - man stromaufwärts vom Kalibrierriet (27) die Kettfäden (5) in n übereinander angeordnete Lagen trennt, wobei n gleich (N-1)/2 und N die Anzahl der Lagen der Armierung sind, derart, daß (N-1)/2 Kettfäden (5) jeden Zahn des Kalibrierriets (27) passieren, und
    - man zwei Fäden benachbart zu einem gleichen Zahn des Kalibrierriets (27) in die Augen (11) von zwei Litzen (12) des gleichen Rangs von zwei Schaftblättern einfädelt, wobei die Litzen des gleichen Rangs entsprechend einer Vertikalebene (34) ausgerichtet sind, die in bezug zur Achse der Kette geneigt ist und die beiden besagten Litzen derart ausgewählt sind, daß die Versetzungsebenen der beiden benachbarten Fäden während der Bildung des Fachs zwischen sich einen genügenden Winkel zum Vermeiden eines Behinderns der Fäden untereinander bilden.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man in dem Fall, wo die Gesamtzahl der verfügbaren Blätter vorbestimmt ist, eine Anzahl von Litzen gleich dem Produkt der Lagen n und der Anzahl der Zähne des Kalibrierriets bzw. die am nächsten liegende bei Ermangelung besagter Gesamtanzahl von verfügbaren Blättern verwendet und für jede Serie von Zähnen die Fäden von Zähnen in Litzen eines gleichen Rangs von effektiv verwendeten Blättern einfädelt.
  3. Webmaschine zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, umfassend aufeinanderfolgend ein Schärgatter (1), eine Vereinigungseinheit (2), eine Webeinheit (3), die insbesondere aus einem Schaftsystem (8) und einer Kalibriereinheit (16) gebildet wird, und ein Abzugssystem (4), dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kalibriereinheit aus einem Kalibrierriet (27) gebildet wird, dem stromauf eine Reihe von horizontalen, parallelen Trennstäben (28) zugeordnet ist, die die Kettfäden (5) in eine Anzahl (N-1)/2 von übereinander befindlichen Lagen aufteilen, wobei N die Anzahl von Schichten der herzustellenden Armierung ist, und stromab ein Paar von horizontalen Stütz- und Führungsstäben (29) zugeordnet ist.
  4. Webmaschine nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vereinigungseinheit vom einem Vereinigungsriet (30) gebildet wird, dem stromauf eine Reihe von parallelen, horizontalen Stäben (32) zum Trennen von von dem Schärungsgatter (1) zugeführten Kettfäden (5) in Lagen und stromab ein Paar von horizontalen, übereinander angeordneten Stäben (31) zum Stützen und Führen besagter Kettfäden (5) zugeordnet sind.
  5. Webmaschine nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Schaftsystem von zwei konventionellen Schäften gebildet wird, deren Blätter Seite an Seite nebeneinander angeordnet und die derart gesteuert sind, daß sie wie ein einziger Schaft funktionieren.
EP93450002A 1992-05-15 1993-05-13 Verfahren zum Weben von dicker Armierung mit mehreren nicht-ablösbaren Schichten für Verbundmaterialien und Webmaschine für die Fabrikation Expired - Lifetime EP0570318B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR929206154A FR2691174B1 (fr) 1992-05-15 1992-05-15 Procede de tissage d'armature epaisse a couches multiples indelaminables pour materiaux composites et machine a tisser pour sa mise en óoeuvre.
FR9206154 1992-05-15

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0570318A1 EP0570318A1 (de) 1993-11-18
EP0570318B1 true EP0570318B1 (de) 1996-11-27

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EP93450002A Expired - Lifetime EP0570318B1 (de) 1992-05-15 1993-05-13 Verfahren zum Weben von dicker Armierung mit mehreren nicht-ablösbaren Schichten für Verbundmaterialien und Webmaschine für die Fabrikation

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US5353844A (de)
EP (1) EP0570318B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH0649734A (de)
CA (1) CA2096202A1 (de)
DE (1) DE69306163T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2096901T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2691174B1 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103061003A (zh) * 2012-12-29 2013-04-24 中材科技股份有限公司 一种新结构立体织物及其编织方法
CN103061004A (zh) * 2012-12-29 2013-04-24 中材科技股份有限公司 新结构立体织物及其编织方法

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2759096B1 (fr) * 1997-02-04 1999-02-26 Snecma Texture multicouche liee pour materiaux composites structuraux
JP3472277B2 (ja) * 2001-05-15 2003-12-02 菊地工業株式会社 綜絖の自動綜通装置
JP4937774B2 (ja) * 2007-01-25 2012-05-23 弘治 大石橋 製織装置及び製織方法
EP2383377B1 (de) * 2010-04-29 2012-09-26 Groz-Beckert KG Webmaschine und Verfahren zum dreidimensionalen Weben
EP2828427B1 (de) 2012-03-23 2017-12-20 Nandan Khokar Ein 3d-textilstoff und eine verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung eines solchen 3d fabric
CN104630968B (zh) * 2013-11-13 2016-08-17 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 一种塑料编织袋彩纱植入基布的唯一性标识法
CN113445180B (zh) * 2021-07-12 2022-09-02 河北柏立信家纺股份有限公司 一种纺织面料加工用织机

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH141279A (fr) * 1928-05-21 1930-07-31 Harrison Yates Henry Procédé de fabrication d'un tissu, et installation pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé.
US3818951A (en) * 1970-11-27 1974-06-25 Secr Defence Loom
US4019540A (en) * 1976-03-12 1977-04-26 Mcdonnell Douglas Corporation Loom for producing three dimensional weaves
DE3108189C2 (de) * 1981-03-04 1983-02-03 Hermann Wangner Gmbh & Co Kg, 7410 Reutlingen Fachbildungsvorrichtung zum Rundweben hochschäftiger Gewebe und Verwendung der Fachbildungsvorrichtung hierzu
FR2583072B3 (fr) * 1985-06-05 1987-11-27 Applic Realisa Tissus Indl Tissu tubulaire sans couture tridimensionnel, a plusieurs fils de trame superposes dans un meme plan
JPS6253451A (ja) * 1985-08-30 1987-03-09 菊地工業株式会社 クリ−ル
FR2610951B1 (fr) * 1987-02-17 1989-05-05 Aerospatiale Armature tissee pour materiau composite
FR2653141B1 (fr) * 1989-10-16 1992-04-17 Chaignaud Ind Materiau composite et son procede de realisation.

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103061003A (zh) * 2012-12-29 2013-04-24 中材科技股份有限公司 一种新结构立体织物及其编织方法
CN103061004A (zh) * 2012-12-29 2013-04-24 中材科技股份有限公司 新结构立体织物及其编织方法
CN103061004B (zh) * 2012-12-29 2014-07-30 中材科技股份有限公司 新结构立体织物及其编织方法
CN103061003B (zh) * 2012-12-29 2014-09-03 中材科技股份有限公司 一种新结构立体织物及其编织方法

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Publication number Publication date
DE69306163D1 (de) 1997-01-09
DE69306163T2 (de) 1997-06-12
CA2096202A1 (fr) 1993-11-16
ES2096901T3 (es) 1997-03-16
JPH0649734A (ja) 1994-02-22
FR2691174B1 (fr) 1994-07-29
US5353844A (en) 1994-10-11
FR2691174A1 (fr) 1993-11-19
EP0570318A1 (de) 1993-11-18

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