EP0566478B1 - Hochdruckdampfturbinengehäuse - Google Patents

Hochdruckdampfturbinengehäuse Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0566478B1
EP0566478B1 EP93400960A EP93400960A EP0566478B1 EP 0566478 B1 EP0566478 B1 EP 0566478B1 EP 93400960 A EP93400960 A EP 93400960A EP 93400960 A EP93400960 A EP 93400960A EP 0566478 B1 EP0566478 B1 EP 0566478B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rotor
high pressure
pressure module
turbine according
internal body
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Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93400960A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0566478A1 (de
EP0566478B2 (de
Inventor
Jean-Pierre Gros
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Alstom SA
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GEC Alsthom Electromecanique SA
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/24—Casings; Casing parts, e.g. diaphragms, casing fastenings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/24—Casings; Casing parts, e.g. diaphragms, casing fastenings
    • F01D25/246—Fastening of diaphragms or stator-rings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
    • F01D25/24—Casings; Casing parts, e.g. diaphragms, casing fastenings
    • F01D25/26—Double casings; Measures against temperature strain in casings

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to improvements to the high pressure turbine modules comprising an inlet for steam with very high characteristics, a steam exhaust, a rotor supporting movable wheels consisting of movable fins and stator parts comprising an external body and a internal body supporting fixed stages arranged between the movable wheels, the internal body being provided on the intake side with a seal carrier ensuring the tightness of the intake steam (see for example FR-A-1 320 174).
  • the high pressure stator parts of the steam turbines have, in addition to the two envelopes formed by the internal body and the external body, a third envelope at the inlet when the pressures and temperatures are very high.
  • the internal and external bodies are in two parts and are provided with flanges in the horizontal joint plane to allow bolting.
  • the rotor is provided with discs supporting the movable fins, which results in a significant increase in the transverse dimensions of the finned rotor and consequently in the stator parts.
  • the turbine module according to the invention of simplified design and whose dimensions have been reduced while ensuring good mechanical and thermal behavior is characterized in that the internal body comprises two bodies coupled together, an anterior body arranged on the side of the intake and a rear body disposed on the exhaust side, the front body being in one piece and surrounding a rotor part which is a drum rotor provided with grooves in which the feet of the fins are fixed.
  • each of the parts can be adapted to the characteristics of the vapor.
  • the front part in which the temperature and the pressure of the vapor are very high has an internal casing and a gasket holder at the isotropic intake therefore without bolting.
  • This arrangement also has the effect of reducing the radial and transverse dimensions since it eliminates the thickness of the flange necessary for bolting.
  • the use of a drum rotor (therefore without discs) inside the anterior internal body makes it possible to reduce the radial dimension of the vein and correlatively that of the envelopes.
  • this reduction in the radial dimension of the vein is favorable to efficiency, in particular for action turbines.
  • the body only has two envelopes on admission, an external body and an internal body.
  • the third casing which may sometimes be necessary for partial injection operating questions, is not necessary in the case of supercritical turbines (250 bars, 565 ° C) or with even higher characteristics (350 bars, 580 ° C) which operate with total sliding pressure injection.
  • the grooves of the drum rotor located in the region of the anterior internal body are longitudinal and the movable wheels are separated by spacers of the same shape as the feet of the fins slid in the longitudinal grooves and facing the stages. fixed which consist of monoblock diaphragms.
  • this can be of conventional construction with discs for the turbines with action for carrying the movable fins which has the advantage of having a number of 'floors limited.
  • This rotor part can also be a drum rotor with circumferential grooves which brings the indicated advantages of the drum rotor.
  • a drum rotor HP module is described in French patent application No. FR-9104855 in the name of the applicant.
  • the posterior internal body for reasons of simplification is in two parts which can be either bolted or shrunk.
  • FIG. 1 represents a longitudinal half-section of a HP module of a conventional action turbine.
  • FIG. 2 represents in radial half-section the module of FIG. 1.
  • Figure 3 shows in longitudinal half-section a first embodiment of the turbine module according to the invention.
  • FIG. 4 represents a longitudinal section of a variant of FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 5 represents a radial section of FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 6 represents a second embodiment of the turbine module according to the invention.
  • FIG. 7 represents a section of a movable wheel of the module of FIG. 6.
  • FIG. 8 represents a section of a diaphragm of the module of FIG. 6.
  • Figure 9 shows the circumferential mounting of the fins.
  • FIGs 10, 12, 14 represent the three stages of assembly of the module in Figure 3.
  • FIGS 11, 13, 15 show the three stages of mounting the module of Figure 6.
  • FIG. 16 represents a third embodiment of the turbine module according to the invention.
  • FIG. 17 is a detailed view of the front part of FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 18 is a detailed view of the front part of FIG. 6.
  • FIG. 19 is a variant of the rear part of the rotor of FIGS. 3 and 6.
  • FIG. 20 represents the air conditioning of the modules of FIGS. 3 and 6.
  • the HP module of conventional action turbine (FIG. 1) comprises a rotor 1 provided with discs 2 supporting movable fins 3 constituting movable wheels 4 and stator parts 5.
  • the stator parts 5 comprise an external body 6 in two parts bolted in the horizontal joint plane and an internal body 7 supported by the external body 6 which is also in two parts bolted in the joint plane.
  • diaphragms 8 also in two parts comprising fixed guide vanes 9 of the vein 10.
  • Each diaphragm 8 constitutes the fixed part of a stage 40 with the movable wheel 4 which follows it.
  • the diaphragms 8 produced in two parts to allow their mounting are the seat of different stresses and deformations depending on the azimuth considered. They must be axially oversized, especially for the first floors, so as to take this cut at the horizontal joint into account.
  • the module comprises intake pipes 11 opening into an internal envelope 12 inside the internal body serving for the distribution of the vapor in the stream 10 which ends in the exhaust 13.
  • This envelope 12 can be produced in different ways. It can be made in two parts plugged at the joint and assembled by bolting or it can be made up of several nozzle holders for injecting steam fixed to the internal body 7.
  • a packing holder 14 made in two parts and bolted. It is provided with seals 15 ensuring the seal between the internal body 7 and the rotor 1 on the intake side.
  • FIG. 3 A first embodiment of the action turbine module is shown in FIG. 3.
  • the rotor 1 of the module is a drum rotor, that is to say without discs. It is provided with circumferential grooves 16 in which the feet 17 of the movable fins 3 are housed. Such a rotor is described in application FR-A-9104855 in the name of the applicant.
  • the external body 6 of the stator parts 5 of the module is of conventional construction and has two bolted parts.
  • the internal body 7 of the stator parts is separated into two coupled bodies, an anterior body 18 on the intake side disposed in the anterior zone (zone A) and a posterior body 19 on the side of the exhaust 13 in the posterior zone (zone P).
  • the front body 18 is in one piece, that is to say without radial cut, therefore perfectly isotropic. It comprises two half-rings 20 provided with grooves 21 in which guide vanes 9 are slipped individually, each set of guide vanes 9 with the movable wheel 4 which follows it constitutes a stage 40.
  • the front body 18 surrounds a seal holder 14 mounted at free expansion which comprises a monobloc external tube 22 ', that is to say without radial cut, therefore perfectly isotropic, which comes to hoop two half-rings 22 in which retractable packings are mounted. 15 each making a half-circumference. There can of course be several seals 15 in series. These linings 15 seal the rotor shaft 1.
  • the lining carrier 14 with free expansion no longer has half-rings and is completely monobloc.
  • the posterior body 19 is produced in two parts and coupled to the anterior body 18. It is isotropic and hooped by hoops 39. In this design the hooping is total and easy to perform since the posterior internal body is entirely cylindrical and does not include the steam admissions.
  • the fixed parts of the vein 10 are guide vanes 9 mounted full hole in the unit at the cut of the horizontal joint in the grooves 23 of the internal body.
  • This rear body 19 has a front face 24 located at the border between the zones A and P against which all of the half-crowns 20 of the zone A comes to bear.
  • the front face 24 is extended by a circular rim 25, which is housed in a groove 26 formed in the periphery of the front body 18, thus coupling the two bodies 18, 19 together.
  • the half-rings 20 (FIG. 17) comprise for each stage 40 a sealing segment 41 to prevent or slow down the flow of vapor in the annular space between the ring 20 and the anterior body. This possible leak is immediately recovered on the next stage by holes 42 so as to be sure of having the temperature of the last stage of zone A on the front face 24.
  • zone A has too large a number of stages 40 (see FIGS. 4 and 5), provision is made to introduce an intermediate support 27 produced by a ring 28 comprising several sectors which are pushed from outside the front body 18 towards the inside thereof, the sectors then being astride a circumferential groove 29 formed inside the front body 18 and on a groove 30 formed on the outside of the half-rings 20.
  • zone A comprises a drum rotor 1 whose grooves 31 are longitudinal.
  • diaphragms 8 are used in one piece without cutting at the horizontal joint, therefore perfectly isotropic and of reduced axial dimensions.
  • the fins 3 are mounted axially on the rotor 1 in the grooves 31; spacers 32 carrying the seals with respect to the diaphragms fill the groove between the movable wheels 4. This allows the assembly of the monobloc diaphragms 8 following each movable wheel 4 and spacer 32.
  • Figure 7 there is shown a section aa of a movable wheel 4 of the area A.
  • the feet 17 of the fins 3 have at the base a development and are exactly complementary to the longitudinal grooves 31.
  • the feet 17 of the fins 3 of the same movable wheel 4 are joined above the grooves 31 and the caps 35 of the same wheel 4 are mounted in contact with each other.
  • the spacers 32 can be separated or joined in packs of three, four or five. These spacers 32 or packets of spacers are in contact with each other above the grooves 31.
  • the spacers 32 carry the seals 36 opposite the hubs 37 of the diaphragms 8.
  • Each diaphragm 8 in zone A has for each stage 40 a sealing segment 41 to prevent or slow down the flow of vapor in the annular space between the diaphragm 8 and the anterior body 18. This possible leak is immediately retrieved on the next floor by grooves 43 so as to be sure of having the temperature of the last stage of zone A on the front face 24 (see fig. 18).
  • the posterior body 19 is constituted like that of FIG. 3 except that instead of being shrunk it is bolted therefore not isotropic.
  • the diaphragms 8 constituting the fixed parts of the vein 10 are made in two parts and mounted at free expansion. This arrangement makes it possible to better preserve the radial rotor / stator clearances when the latter is not isotropic.
  • the movable fins 3 have a foot 17 in the shape of an inverted T.
  • the foot 17 of the fin 3 is introduced into the circumferential groove 16 in the shape of an inverted T then pivots.
  • shims 38 are introduced having the same section as the foot 17 of the fins 3 but much thinner (see FIG. 9).
  • the last wedges 38 are cut in two in the height direction to be able to be introduced and the last in three.
  • Each movable wheel 4 is assembled in its entirety with its own clamping on the rotor 1 by sliding it axially, there is mounted between each movable wheel 4 the spacers 32 in the longitudinal grooves 31 and the monoblock diaphragms 8 (see FIGS. 7 and 8).
  • zone P a circumferential mounting of the fins 3 has been chosen, the grooves 16 of the drum rotor 1 in this zone are therefore circumferential.
  • the assembly takes place as indicated above (see figure 9).
  • zone P two embodiments can be provided as described for the fixed parts of the vein 10, depending on whether the rear body 19 is bolted or hooped and the mounting of the fixed stages will be different as indicated below for the mounting of the stators.
  • zone A the mounting of the internal body 18 and of the packing holder 14 are identical whatever the principle of fitting the fin (axial or circumferential).
  • the fins 4 and the diaphragms 8 or guide vanes 9 of the zone A are mounted on the rotor 1 as seen previously.
  • the lining holder 22 ′ which has an outer tube fringing two half-rings 22 carrying the retractable linings 15 is threaded and centered on the internal body 18 by keys external to the internal body 18.
  • This assembly is then threaded onto the rotor 1 on the intake side.
  • the diaphragms 8 (fig.13) or the crown 20 carrying the guidelines 9 (fig.12) are then centered by the outside of the anterior body 18 by pins and are thus mounted at free expansion.
  • the lower anterior half-body 18 comprising its half-diaphragms 8 (fig. 6) or the guide lines 9 (fig. 3) is in place in the lower external half-body 6.
  • the upper posterior half-body which includes its half-diaphragms 8 (fig.6) or its directors 9 (fig.3).
  • the upper external half-body is then mounted and bolted.
  • zone P As a variant for steam turbines with action, it is possible for zone P to take a rotor 1 with discs 2 which is entirely conventional.
  • This arrangement makes it possible to reduce the number of stages 4, 8 of zone P.
  • the rotor of zone A is a drum rotor with axial or circumferential mounting; in Figure 16 the fins 3 are shown in axial mounting.
  • zone P can be, as for zone P of the modules already described, either bolted or shrunk.
  • the leaks of hot steam having passed the linings 25 are taken from the front of the lining holder 14 by slots 46 formed in this lining holder.
  • the slots 46 are continued by slots 47 passing through the one-piece anterior body 18 and by conduits 48 passing through the interstatoric space and supplying slots 49 to a stage in zone P, thus preventing the escape of hot steam from the front part of the anterior body and in addition we work the hot steam that escapes. It is possible to regulate by means 50, a leak of cold vapor outside the interstatoric space 44, which makes it possible to regulate the temperature of this space and possibly cool the rotor of another module (MP for example) .
  • MP rotor of another module

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Hochdruckmodul einer Turbine, die einen Dampfeinlaß (11) mit sehr hohen Charakteristika, einen Dampfauslaß (13), einen Rotor (1), der bewegliche Räder (4) trägt, die aus beweglichen Schaufeln (3) bestehen, und Statorbereiche (5) aufweist, die einen äußeren Körper (6) und einen inneren Körper (7, 18, 19) aufweisen, die ortsfeste Teile (8, 9) tragen, welche mit den beweglichen Rädern (4) Stufen (40) bilden, wobei der innere Körper (7, 18, 19) auf der Einlaßseite (11) mit einem Dichtungsträger (14) versehen ist, der den Rotor (1) umgibt und vom inneren Körper (7, 18, 19) unabhängig ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der innere Körper (18, 19) zwei zusammengebaute Körper aufweist, nämlich einen vorderen Körper (18), der auf der Seite des Einlasses (11) angeordnet ist, und einen hinteren Körper (19), der auf der Seite des Auslasses (13) angeordnet ist, wobei der vordere Körper (18) aus einem Stück besteht und einen Teil des Rotors (1) umgibt, der ein Trommelrotor mit Nuten (16, 31) ist, in denen die Füße (17) der Schaufeln (3) befestigt sind.
  2. Turbinen-Hochdruckmodul nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Dichtungsträger (14) aus einem Stück besteht.
  3. Turbinen-Hochdruckmodul nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Dichtungsträger (14) ein äußeres einstükkiges Rohr (22') aufweist, das zwei Halbkränze (22) einspannt, die je eine oder mehrere entfernbare Dichtungen (15) tragen.
  4. Turbinen-Hochdruckmodul nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Turbine eine Aktionsturbine ist, daß die Nuten (31) des Trommelrotors (1), die sich in der Zone des vorderen inneren Körpers (18) befinden, in Längsrichtung liegen und daß die beweglichen Räder (4) durch Zwischenstücke (32) gleicher Form wie die Füße (17) der Schaufeln (3) voneinander getrennt werden, die in die Längsnuten (31) eingeschoben sind und vor den festen Stufen liegen, die aus einstückigen Blenden (8) bestehen.
  5. Turbinen-Hochdruckmodul nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jede Blende (8) einer Stufe (40) mit einem Dichtsegment (41) versehen ist, das die Dichtheit zwischen der Blende (8) und dem vorderen Körper (18) bewirkt, und daß die Blende (8) mit einer Nut (43) versehen ist, die die Weiterleitung des Dampfs gewährleistet, der in die folgende Stufe (40) entweichen könnte.
  6. Turbinen-Hochdruckmodul nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Nuten (16) des vom vorderen inneren Körper (18) umgebenen Trommelrotors in Umfangsrichtung verlaufen und daß der vordere innere Körper (18) ein Paar oder zwei Paare von Halbkränzen (20) einspannt, in denen unabhängige Leitschaufeln (9) montiert sind, die die ortsfesten Bereiche der Stufen (40) bilden.
  7. Turbinen-Hochdruckmodul nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Halbkränze (20) für jede Stufe (40) mit Dichtsegmenten (41) versehen sind, die die Dichtheit zwischen diesen Halbkränzen (20) und dem vorderen Körper (18) bewirken, und daß die Halbkränze (20) Löcher (42) aufweisen, die die Weiterleitung des Dampfes bewirken, der in die folgende Stufe (40) entweichen könnte.
  8. Turbinen-Hochdruckmodul nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der vom hinteren inneren Körper (19) umgebene Bereich des Rotors (1) ein Trommelrotor mit Umfangsnuten (16) ist, in denen die Füße (17) der beweglichen Schaufeln (3) angeordnet sind, die die beweglichen Räder (4) bilden.
  9. Turbinen-Hochdruckmodul nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das letzte bewegliche Rad (4) des vom hinteren inneren Körper (19) umgebenen Rotors (1), der ein Trommelrotor ist, in Längsnuten (31') montiert ist, die im Rotor (1) vorgesehen sind.
  10. Turbinen-Hochdruckmodul nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Turbine eine Aktionsturbine ist und daß der Teil des Rotors, der sich in der Zone des hinteren inneren Körpers (19) befindet, mit Scheiben (2) versehen ist, auf denen die beweglichen Schaufeln (3) montiert sind, die die beweglichen Räder (4) bilden.
  11. Turbinen-Hochdruckmodul nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der hintere innere Körper (19) aus zwei in der Verbindungsebene durch Bolzen verbundenen Teilen besteht, in denen mit freier Ausdehnung Blenden (8) montiert sind, die in zwei Teilen hergestellt sind und die ortsfesten Stufen bilden.
  12. Turbinen-Hochdruckmodul nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der hintere innere Körper (9) aus zwei aufgeschrumpften Teilen besteht, in die feste Schaufeln (9) eingesteckt sind, die die ortsfesten Stufen bilden.
  13. Turbinen-Hochdruckmodul nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er Mittel (46, 47) zur Entnahme von Heißdampf-Leckströmen, die aus dem Dichtungsträger (14) entweichen, und Mittel (48, 49) zur Injektion dieses Heißdampfs ins Innere des hinteren Körpers (19) sowie Mittel zur Entnahme relativ kalten Dampfs im Inneren des hinteren Körpers (19) aufweist, um den Dampf in den Zwischenstatorbereich (44) einzuspeisen, der sich zwischen dem vorderen (18) und dem hinteren Körper (19) einerseits und dem äußeren Körper (6) befindet, wobei der kalte Dampf verwendet werden kann, um den Rotor eines anderen Moduls zu kühlen.
EP93400960A 1992-04-17 1993-04-13 Hochdruckdampfturbinengehäuse Expired - Lifetime EP0566478B2 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9204812A FR2690202B1 (fr) 1992-04-17 1992-04-17 Perfectionnements aux modules haute pression de turbine a rotor tambour avec admission de vapeur a tres hautes caracteristiques.
FR9204812 1992-04-17

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0566478A1 EP0566478A1 (de) 1993-10-20
EP0566478B1 true EP0566478B1 (de) 1996-05-08
EP0566478B2 EP0566478B2 (de) 2002-07-10

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EP93400960A Expired - Lifetime EP0566478B2 (de) 1992-04-17 1993-04-13 Hochdruckdampfturbinengehäuse

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US (1) US5350276A (de)
EP (1) EP0566478B2 (de)
JP (1) JP3529145B2 (de)
DE (1) DE69302520T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2690202B1 (de)

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TWI396261B (zh) * 2009-11-11 2013-05-11 Inotera Memories Inc 堆疊式隨機動態存取記憶體之低寄生電容位元線之製造方法
EP2423454A1 (de) * 2010-08-25 2012-02-29 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Gehäuse für Strömungsmaschine sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung
US20120067054A1 (en) 2010-09-21 2012-03-22 Palmer Labs, Llc High efficiency power production methods, assemblies, and systems
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FR2975124B1 (fr) * 2011-05-09 2013-05-24 Snecma Virole annulaire de moteur d'aeronef comportant une fenetre d'introduction d'aubes
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CN102562187B (zh) * 2011-12-21 2014-08-06 上海发电设备成套设计研究院 一种空冷式高参数汽轮机的高中压合体缸
US9359913B2 (en) 2013-02-27 2016-06-07 General Electric Company Steam turbine inner shell assembly with common grooves
CN105507964A (zh) * 2016-01-18 2016-04-20 哈尔滨汽轮机厂有限责任公司 一种700℃超超临界三缸600mw汽轮机
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8926273B2 (en) 2012-01-31 2015-01-06 General Electric Company Steam turbine with single shell casing, drum rotor, and individual nozzle rings

Also Published As

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DE69302520T2 (de) 1996-09-12
US5350276A (en) 1994-09-27
FR2690202B1 (fr) 1995-07-07
JPH0658101A (ja) 1994-03-01
EP0566478A1 (de) 1993-10-20
JP3529145B2 (ja) 2004-05-24
FR2690202A1 (fr) 1993-10-22
DE69302520T3 (de) 2002-12-05
DE69302520D1 (de) 1996-06-13
EP0566478B2 (de) 2002-07-10

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