Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
  • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
  • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
  • F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
  • F23G5/085—High-temperature heating means, e.g. plasma, for partly melting the waste
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
  • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
  • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
  • F27D1/16—Making or repairing linings ; Increasing the durability of linings; Breaking away linings
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
  • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
  • F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Electric arc furnaces ; Tank furnaces
  • F27B3/10—Details, accessories or equipment, e.g. dust-collectors, specially adapted for hearth-type furnaces
  • F27B3/12—Working chambers or casings; Supports therefor
  • F27B2003/125—Hearths
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
  • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
  • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
  • F27D2001/0046—Means to facilitate repair or replacement or prevent quick wearing
  • F27D2001/005—Removable part or structure with replaceable elements

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method for the maintenance of a high-temperature reactor in which the carbon obtained by thermal shaping of organic waste components or other continuously supplied disposal goods is gasified by means of oxygen and the inorganic components of these disposal goods are melted.
• the lower part of a high-temperature reactor is serviced, in which the carbon obtained by thermal transformation of organic waste components is metered Addition of pure oxygen gasifies and the inorganic constituents are melted and removed in molten form.
• the disposal goods are preferably fed discontinuously but continuously via a pretreatment zone, for example a degassing duct, to the lower hearth of the reactor which is exposed to increased thermal but also mechanical and chemical stresses or loads.
• the disposal goods of interest here are unsorted and untreated, sometimes also as liquid components, initially subjected to this heat pretreatment in the ongoing work process and for this purpose pushed through the channel receiving them in the compressed state, and both the liquid and the volatile constituents are evaporated in a kind of "caking process” .
• the pretreated domestic, special or industrial waste is subjected to high temperatures in the high temperature reactor in chunks. This avoids the disadvantages of previously known waste incineration processes or corresponding pyrolysis processes, as have been sufficiently described in the literature.
• the advantages are, in particular, a self-contained process technology that in no way pollutes the environment while avoiding the high air throughputs that are inevitable in conventional combustion plants.
• insufficient gas permeability within the bed is guaranteed can be, so that there is insufficient gas production and very long residence times in the reactor despite high energy expenditure.
• the chunky introduction of the material to be melted with continuous feed into the high-temperature reactor provides a reliable remedy here.
• the high-temperature reactor to which the maintenance method according to the invention is applied, is designed in two parts and consists of an upper part and a lower part which can be detached therefrom, ie an upper stabilization zone for the resulting gas fractions and the actual furnace hearth, to which the chunk-like pretreated melting material is continuously fed. Upper and lower parts are firmly connected to one another via gas and pressure-tight flange connections.
• the high-temperature reactor is lined with refractory material in a manner known per se, the feed being designed in such a way that temperatures in the interior of the reactor can be specified between 1600 and 2000 ° C.
• a plurality of oxygen lances which pass through the hearth feed and which are integrated in the combination burner and which are taken up by cooling jackets, which in turn have a fixed connection to the hearth feed, open into the hearth area below the loose lump bed which forms there.
• the cooling jackets for the oxygen lances which are guided radially from the outside in through the refractory material, create a temperature gradient in their contact area on the inner surface of the infeed, which at least partially recondenses the material vaporized or liquefied by the oxygen burner, so that it leads to the most varied and uncontrolled chemical Reactions and sintering is coming.
• the cooling jackets of the combination burners with the oxygen feeds are sintered so intensively with the surrounding refractory lining that they can no longer be removed without destroying the infeed. Since only a coolant supply line and a coolant discharge line are provided for the cooling jackets, their coupling and uncoupling process for repair work on the reactor is problem-free, while the oxygen lances, i.e. the combination burners themselves, which can be moved within the cooling jackets, with a plurality of control connections, monitoring organs, at least an auxiliary gas line and the like are connected, so that their replacement would be relatively complicated.
• the chunky bed in the area of the combination burner is gasified by oxidation to the extent that it contains carbon, while the mineral and metallic components are melted to flow immediately afterwards in molten form into the homogenization reactor, which is preferably lined with a feed corresponding to the gasification area.
• the homogenization reactor structurally forms a unit with the lower part of the high-temperature reactor. The melt is refined within the homogenization reactor, as a result of which a completely homogeneous liquid bath composed of mineral and / or metallic components is formed.
• the invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a maintenance door procedure for high-temperature reactors, which are subject in particular to the above-mentioned problem, which, after wear and tear, has subjected the heavily loaded parts to the required parts considerably faster than was previously possible Operating status reset, so that the downtimes of the system can be significantly reduced.
• the time-consuming maintenance and repair work should be independent of the downtimes for the system.
• the flanges between the upper and lower part of the high-temperature reactor can begin to loosen, simultaneously or possibly also shortly before or after the oxygen lances are pulled out of their cooling jackets without them Various connections to control, control and feed and discharge units are interrupted.
• the lower hearth of the high-temperature reactor which forms a structural unit together with the melt pool, is only slightly lowered by a few millimeters compared to the permanently installed upper part of the high-temperature reactor and moved out of its operating position.
• a corresponding reserve unit can be brought up to the high-temperature reactor and the same can be brought into operation for its flange-mounting operation on the upper part of the high-temperature reactor.
• the reserve unit has previously been sufficiently heated to a high temperature close to the operating temperature, for example to 800 ° C. In this way, it is possible to load the reactor, which was briefly interrupted for the exchange repair, again immediately after the pressure-tight connection between the lower part and the upper part had been established to record.
• the oxygen feeds are introduced into the cooling jackets of the reserve unit at the same time as possible, so that their operation can be resumed immediately thereafter.
• the lower part of the reactor to be repaired which is still at a hot operating temperature, can now cool independently of the restart of the plant and, after reaching a temperature which is tolerable for the repair work, can be brought back into an immaculate operating state.
• the intact reserve unit is only heated up when repairs are required, so that it is ready for the next quick exchange.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
• Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
• Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
• Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
• Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
• Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
• Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
• Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (3)

Family

ID=6456208

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (11)

Families Citing this family (1)

Family Cites Families (7)

• 1992
  • 1992-04-06 DE DE4211514A patent/DE4211514C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 1993
  • 1993-03-24 KR KR1019930004608A patent/KR100246506B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1993-03-30 DE DE59303104T patent/DE59303104D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1993-03-30 DK DK93105283.1T patent/DK0564963T3/da active
  • 1993-03-30 AT AT93105283T patent/ATE140077T1/de active
  • 1993-03-30 EP EP93105283A patent/EP0564963B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1993-03-30 ES ES93105283T patent/ES2089621T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1993-04-05 CN CN93105440A patent/CN1080391A/zh active Pending
  • 1993-04-05 CA CA002093389A patent/CA2093389A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1993-04-05 JP JP05078152A patent/JP3084168B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1993-04-05 AU AU36706/93A patent/AU657850B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 1993-04-14 TW TW082102838A patent/TW213972B/zh active

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