Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D10/00—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group
  • C11D10/04—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group based on mixtures of surface-active non-soap compounds and soap
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/83—Mixtures of non-ionic with anionic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
  • C11D17/0004—Non aqueous liquid compositions comprising insoluble particles
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
  • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
  • C11D1/14—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aliphatic hydrocarbons or mono-alcohols
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
  • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
  • C11D1/14—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aliphatic hydrocarbons or mono-alcohols
  • C11D1/143—Sulfonic acid esters
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
  • C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
  • C11D1/22—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aromatic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
  • C11D1/52—Carboxylic amides, alkylolamides or imides or their condensation products with alkylene oxides
  • C11D1/523—Carboxylic alkylolamides, or dialkylolamides, or hydroxycarboxylic amides (R1-CO-NR2R3), where R1, R2 or R3 contain one hydroxy group per alkyl group
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
  • C11D1/72—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols

Definitions

• This invention relates to liquid built detergent compositions and to their production and use.
• this sector has basically been forced to formulate its products either as dispersions of inorganic builders in non-aqueous mixtures of non-ionic surfactants, as in EP-B-0030096 or EP-B-0120659, or as formulations, of a non-ionic surfactant mixture in the emulsion state with a saturated solution of one or more builders using vegetable gums, or other emulsifying agents, as stabilisers, as in GB-A-2148926.
• the water analogue of the built system of, for example, GB-B-2153839 is the class of anhydrous solvents known as the polyethylene glycols (P.E.Gs) .
• Liquid members of this class are those with a molecular weight between about 100 and about 600, commonly called PEG.100, PEG.200, PEG.300 and so forth.
• the present invention accordingly seeks to provide a substantially anhydrous liquid built detergent composition containing an anionic surfactant. It further seeks to provide a substantially anhydrous liquid built detergent composition which shows little or no tendency to gel upon dispersion in water.
• a liquid built detergent composition comprising a substantially anhydrous organic liquid phase comprising a water-miscible organic solvent having uniformly distributed therein a non-ionic surfactant and an alkali metal salt of an anionic surfactant acid which contains one or more sulphonic acid groups, said organic phase having dispersed therein a finely divided particulate builder.
• the organic liquid phase is substantially anhydrous.
• it is preferably devoid of added water and contains only that amount of water which is normally present in the ingredients used in production of the liquid built detergent composition of the invention.
• a composition in accordance with the invention typically contains less than about 5% w/w water, more preferably less than about 2% w/w water, and even more preferably less than about 1% w/w water, based upon the total weight of the composition.
• Examples of such compounds include ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1,4-butylene glycol, 1,5- pentamethylene glycol, glycerol, polyalkylene glycols such as polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, and mixed polyoxyalkylene ether glycols, such as polyoxyethylene- polyoxypropylene glycols, as well as mixtures of two or more thereof.
• a preferred type of water-soluble organic solvent is the polyethylene glycols, of which those having molecular weights of at least about 150, for example molecular weights in the range of from about 200 to about 600, are preferred.
• any solvent that is liquid at ambient temperatures and below (e»g. down to about -10°C) that is water miscible, and that will allow uniform distribution of the alkali metal salt of the anionic surfactant acid and of the builder can be used.
• Mixtures of water-soluble organic solvents can be used, if desired.
• a mixture of an alkanol, such as ethanol or iso-propanol, and a polyethylene glycol can be used.
• One of the purposes for which this solvent, if present, is added may be to adjust the viscosity of the composition to a desired value.
• a useful degree of control over the viscosity of the composition can be achieved, in particular, by addition of a glycol such as a polyethylene glycol (e.g. polyethylene glycol PEG 200).
• alkali metal salts of surfactants there can be mentioned the sodium and potassium salts of anionic surfactant acids.
• a sodium salt of an anionic surfactant in the liquid built detergent concentrate of the invention on the grounds of cost.
• an anhydrous material such as anhydrous sodium carbonate
• the anhydrous material absorbs water to form a solid hydrate of sodium carbonate. In this way any water present or formed in the composition, including water of neutralisation, can be absorbed and the substantially non- aqueous nature of the composition is retained, in addition to the sodium carbonate being available to act as an alkaline builder.
• surfactant acids include alkyl benzene sulphonic acids, in which the alkyl group contains from about 6 to about 20 carbon atoms, for example from 10 to 14 carbon atoms, primary or secondary alkyl sulphonic acids containing from about 10 to about 26 carbon atoms, for example from 10 to 14 carbon atoms, and alpha-olefin sulphonic acids obtained by sulphonation of an alpha-olefin containing, for example from about 10 to about 22 carbon atoms, such as a C- ⁇ g to C ⁇ olefin or a mixture containing same.
• a salt of a fatty ether sulphate a typical example being sodium lauryl ether sulphate of the formula R-(OCH 2 .CH2) n -OS0 3 ⁇ Na + wherein R is a C 12 to C 14 alkyl group and n is an integer of from 1 to about 20, or a mixture of salts of a fatty ether sulphate.
• the composition of the invention includes one or more non-ionic surfactants.
• Typical non-ionic surfactants include fatty acid monoethanolamides such as coconut fatty acid monoethanolamide, a typical formulation for which is a mixture of monoethanolamides of fatty acids as follows: Cg 0.5%, Cg 6.5%, C 10 6.0%, C 12 49.5%, C 14 19.5%, C 16 8.5%, C 18 (stearic) 2.0%, C 18 (oleic) 6.0%, and C ⁇ g (linoleic) 1.5%.
• non-ionic surfactants include polyoxyalkylene ethers of alkanols, typically polyoxyethylene ethers of alkanols containing typically 3 or more ethylene oxide groups, for example from about 6 to about 20 ethylene oxide residues and based upon alkanols containing from about 6 to about 26 carbon atoms.
• Mixed polyoxyethylene oxypropylene ethers of alkanols can also be used; these can also be based on Cg to C 2 g alkanols and can contain from about 3 up to about 20 alkylene oxide residues, i.e. a mixture of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide residues.
• the alkanols and alkanol mixtures upon which such non-ionic surfactants are based can be produced by hydrogenation of methyl esters produced by transesterification of naturally occurring vegetable oils such as coconut oil, sunflower oil, palm oil, rape seed oil, and the like, or of animal fats, such as tallow or lard.
• a typical polyoxyethylene ether of an alkanol is based upon lauryl alcohol condensed with approximately 8 moles of ethylene oxide.
• Polyoxyalkylene ethers of alkylphenols are another type of non-ionic surfactant. Mixtures of non-ionic surfactants can be used.
• compositions of the present invention may include an amphoteric surfactant or a mixture of amphoteric surfactants.
• Typical amphoteric surfactants include dicarboxylated derivatives of oleic imidazoline, caprylo amphocarboxy glycinate, octyl imino dipropionate, octyl dimethyl betaine, complex coco iminodiglycinates, and fatty ampho polycarboxyglycinates.
• a mixture of amphoteric surfactant and non-ionic surfactant are present together in the compositions of the invention.
• the weight ratio of amphoteric surfactant to non-ionic surfactant may vary within wide limits, for example in the range of from about 1:100 to about 100:1.
• a liquid built detergent composition according to the invention contains at least about 0.1% w/w of an alkali metal salt of an anionic surfactant acid up to about 20% w/w or more, e.g. up to about 25% w/w, even more preferably from about 2% w/w up to about 15% w/w, based on the total weight of said composition.
• a liquid built detergent composition according to the invention comprises from about 2% w/w up to about 60% w/w of a builder or builders, even more preferably from about 5% w/w up to about 55% w/w, e.g. from about 15% w/w up to about 45% w/w or about 50% w/w of a builder or builders, based on the total weight of the composition.
• a liquid built detergent composition according to the invention comprises from about 0.1% w/w up to about 20% or more of a non-ionic surfactant or surfactants, of an amphoteric surfactant or surfactants, or of a mixture of non-ionic and amphoteric surfactants, even more preferably up to about 35% w/w or more, e.g. up to about 50% w/w, most preferably from about 2% up to about 35% w/w, based on the total weight of the composition.
• A'liquid built detergent composition according to the invention may further comprise a bleach and, optionally, a bleach activator.
• a bleach and, optionally, a bleach activator.
• a composition may contain from about 0.1% w/w up to about 10% w/w or more, e.g. up to about- 15% w/w of a bleach and, optionally, from about 0.03% w/w up to about 3% w/w or more, e.g. up to about 5% w/w of a bleach activator, based upon the total weight of the composition.
• minor ingredients which may be included in the composition of the invention include preservatives, optical brighteners, fragrances, foam depressants, foam boosters and/or stabilisers, soaps, dyes, pigments, buffers, corrosion inhibition agents, sequestration agents, anti- ingestion agents, humectants, enzymes, enzyme stabilisers, fabric softeners, fabric conditioners, and the like.
• One or more of these minor ingredients can be included in the compositions of the invention as appropriate.
• Such other minor ingredients typically comprise not more than about 5% w/w each of the compositions of the invention, for example in the range of from about 0.001% w/w up to about 2% w/w each based upon the total weight of the composition.
• compositions of the invention may be formulated so as to have approximately the same laundering power as conventional aqueous heavy duty built liquid detergents.
• the compositions of the invention will be formulated as concentrates which have several times, e.g. about 2 to about 5 times, the laundering power of conventional aqueous heavy duty built liquid detergents.
• the solid components comprise in total at least about 30% w/w and preferably at least about 45% w/w up to about 50% w/w or even higher, based upon the weight of the composition.
• the invention contemplates producing in-situ quantities of alkali metal salts of anionic surfactant sulphonic acids.
• highly successful built liquids can be produced from solutions of a mixture of an anionic surfactant acid, such as dodecylbenzene sulphonic acid, a non-ionic surfactant, such as an alkylene oxide addition product, and PEG 200 (polyethylene glycol 200). From these materials very transparent pale yellow syrups can be produced which are excellent vehicles for carrying the silicate, carbonate, phosphate and polyphosphate builders which are to be micronised to give the non-aqueous built laundry liquids.
• an anionic surfactant acid such as dodecylbenzene sulphonic acid
• a non-ionic surfactant such as an alkylene oxide addition product
• PEG 200 polyethylene glycol 200
• a further series of similar syrups can be prepared by omitting the polyethylene glycol or the fatty alcohol ethoxylate.
• the micelles of the sulphonic acid are already associated with the micelles of the non-ionic surfactants and/or the alkylene oxide addition products and, when neutralised in this stage, remain as micelles in colloidal solution as the potassium salt. If this is indeed the case, then the neutralisation would not be expected to be as fast as the titration of the free sulphonic acid in alcohol or water solution. In fact it is found that the mixture remains slightly cloudy for some minutes after alkali addition but it soon clears and then much heat of neutralisation is developed. The resulting solution is syrupy and clear down below 10°C and contains 26% of the salt.
• Aqueous KOH solution (50% w/w)
• Example 1 The procedure of Example 1 is repeated except that a 50% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution replaces the aqueous potassium hydroxide of Example 1.
• the ingredients are as follows : -
• Aqueous NaOH solution (50% w/w)
• a further liquid built detergent concentrate is produced except that, in place of the 4.2% w/w of 50% aqueous KOH solution used in Example 1, there is used a corresponding amount of an alcoholic solution of KOH (KOH dissolved in 90% ethanol).
• non-aqueous built anionic heavy duty laundry liquids of the invention are superior in washing qualities to those based on non-ionic and amphoteric systems simply because they contain the anionic surfactant species as the main part of the payload.
• Aqueous built anionic " surfactants depend upon structured liquid systems as their supporting medium for the inorganic builders and require the presence of water to the extent of 45% to 65% see, for example, the Examples of GB-B-2153839. This means that they cannot be transformed into liquid pourable concentrates because reductions in water content destroy the structured system of that class.
• a major advantage of the products of this invention is their compatibility with cold or hot water.
• the products When added to the charge in a washing machine the products are dispersible and soluble because of the ionic nature of the alkali metal salts whereas in the case of many of the built non-ionic preparations of the prior art they immediately gel on contact with wet surfaces and will not be homogeneously active until near the end of the wash cycle. This is an intrinsic property of anhydrous non-ionic surfactants.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)

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Family Applications (1)

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• 1990
  • 1990-11-26 GB GB909025624A patent/GB9025624D0/en active Pending
• 1991
  • 1991-11-26 IE IE410991A patent/IE914109A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1991-11-26 NZ NZ240754A patent/NZ240754A/en unknown
  • 1991-11-26 JP JP4500049A patent/JPH06502663A/ja active Pending
  • 1991-11-26 AU AU90283/91A patent/AU9028391A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1991-11-26 CA CA002096956A patent/CA2096956A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1991-11-26 PT PT99611A patent/PT99611A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1991-11-26 WO PCT/GB1991/002084 patent/WO1992009678A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1991-11-26 ZA ZA919332A patent/ZA919332B/xx unknown
  • 1991-11-26 EP EP91920558A patent/EP0559703A1/de not_active Withdrawn

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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