US3814692A - Free flowing soap-nonionic detergent - Google Patents

Free flowing soap-nonionic detergent Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3814692A
US3814692A US00377678A US37767873A US3814692A US 3814692 A US3814692 A US 3814692A US 00377678 A US00377678 A US 00377678A US 37767873 A US37767873 A US 37767873A US 3814692 A US3814692 A US 3814692A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
soap
detergent
free flowing
acid
particulate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00377678A
Inventor
J Mostow
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Colgate Palmolive Co
Original Assignee
Colgate Palmolive Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to GB3189872A priority Critical patent/GB1383407A/en
Priority to AU44342/72A priority patent/AU462305B2/en
Priority to CA146,963A priority patent/CA983339A/en
Priority to DE2234903A priority patent/DE2234903A1/en
Priority to CH1101672A priority patent/CH575009A5/xx
Priority to FR7226847A priority patent/FR2147197B1/fr
Application filed by Colgate Palmolive Co filed Critical Colgate Palmolive Co
Priority to US00377678A priority patent/US3814692A/en
Priority to US451023A priority patent/US3907702A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3814692A publication Critical patent/US3814692A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D10/00—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group
    • C11D10/04—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group based on mixtures of surface-active non-soap compounds and soap
    • C11D10/045—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group based on mixtures of surface-active non-soap compounds and soap based on non-ionic surface-active compounds and soap
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D11/00—Special methods for preparing compositions containing mixtures of detergents ; Methods for using cleaning compositions
    • C11D11/0082—Special methods for preparing compositions containing mixtures of detergents ; Methods for using cleaning compositions one or more of the detergent ingredients being in a liquefied state, e.g. slurry, paste or melt, and the process resulting in solid detergent particles such as granules, powders or beads
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D11/00—Special methods for preparing compositions containing mixtures of detergents ; Methods for using cleaning compositions
    • C11D11/04—Special methods for preparing compositions containing mixtures of detergents ; Methods for using cleaning compositions by chemical means, e.g. by sulfonating in the presence of other compounding ingredients followed by neutralising
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
    • C11D17/06—Powder; Flakes; Free-flowing mixtures; Sheets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/002—Surface-active compounds containing sulfur
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
    • C11D1/42—Amino alcohols or amino ethers
    • C11D1/44—Ethers of polyoxyalkylenes with amino alcohols; Condensation products of epoxyalkanes with amines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
    • C11D1/52—Carboxylic amides, alkylolamides or imides or their condensation products with alkylene oxides
    • C11D1/526—Carboxylic amides (R1-CO-NR2R3), where R1, R2 or R3 are polyalkoxylated
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
    • C11D1/72—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
    • C11D1/74—Carboxylates or sulfonates esters of polyoxyalkylene glycols

Definitions

  • Novel particulate blends of soap and liquid nonionic surfactants and a method for preparing same is disclosed.
  • the new method includes the combination of an appropriate fatty acid with the liquid nonionic surfactant before saponification of the acid.
  • the novel particulate blends are dry, non-tacky and free flowing and are suitable for post addition to spray dried detergent powders or for use by themselves or with builders as final detergent-formulations.
  • the present invention relates to heavy duty, particulate, detergent formulations.
  • the invention provides a method for incorporating relatively large amounts, typically above about percent by weight, of liquid nonionic surfactants into heavy duty particulate detergent formulations. More specifically, a method for combining liquid nonionic surfactants with soap, in free flowing particulate form, is provided by the invention.
  • the new soap-nonionic particulate material has approximately the same density as spray dried detergent powders and can be utilized, in combination with builders, as a final detergent formulation, or it can be very advantageously post added to spray dried detergent formulations.
  • anionic compounds having detersive properties. Typical of these anionic compounds are the higher alkyl mononuclear aromatic sulfonates such as the higher alkyl benzene sulfonates. These synthetic detergents are very effective in removing dirt from textile fabrics when utilized in conjunction with phosphate builders which function to soften the water being used and to provide detersive action.
  • phosphate builders which function to soften the water being used and to provide detersive action.
  • the phosphate compounds present in detergent containing waste water are a prime factor in promoting this phenomenon.
  • nonionic surfactants when the phosphate content of a detergent formulation is substantially reduced, the nonionic surfactants appear to provide detergent properties that are superior to anionics in the same reduced phosphate content formulation. Apparently the detersive effectiveness of nonionic surfactants is effected much less by water hardness than that of the commonly used anionic surfactants. In the event that the phosphate builders are totally or partially removed from detergents, the incorporation of progressively larger amounts of nonioic surfactants into detergent formulations either in place of or in addition to anionic surfactants may become very desirable.
  • nonionic surfactants are added to detergent formulations, primarily to reduce the amount of foam generated during the washing cycle.
  • a substantial ice amount, typically above 5% by weight, of nonionic surfactants is incorporated into the detergent slurry before spray drying, a pluming problem, manifested by a dense black smoke being discharged from the spray tower, may be encountered.
  • the combination of soap with a liquid nonionic surfactant in a detergent formulation is particularly advantageous since it results in a reduction or elimination of the high sudsing that is characteristic of anionic surfactants in detergent formulations.
  • Prior art attempts to combine soap with liquid nonionic surfactants has typically resulted in a gel like mass that ultimately separates into two phases, and is unsuited for use in combination with powdered detergents.
  • the primary advantage of the present invention is a method for combining liquid nonionic surfactants with soap in a dry, free flowing particulate form that may be readily utilized in combination with builders as a final detergent formulation or post added to spray dried detergent formulations to significantly increase the nonionic surfactant content of the final detergent product.
  • the nonionic surfactant component of the invention is well known and may be defined as the reaction product of ethylene oxide with a hydrophobic compound containing a carboxyl mercapto, amido, amino or hydroxy group.
  • a preferred type of nonionic surfactant for use in accordance with the invention are ethoxylated long carbon chain alcohols.
  • nonionic ethoxamers of this type have an 8 to 20 carbon atom alkyl chain preferably 14 to 18 and an average of about 4 to 19 preferably 10 to 15 ethylene oxide units per molecule.
  • the range of ethylene oxide content that provides the greatest detergency in these surfactants usually results in a material that is a viscous liquid at room temperature and therefore unsuitable for direct addition to spray dried detergent powder.
  • the fatty acid component of the new particulate blends includes naturally occurring saturated fatty acids as well as commercially produced fatty acids derived by hydrogenating natural products such as coconut oil, palm kernel oil, babasu oil etc.
  • the fatty acids of the invention are characterized by having a C to C carbon chain.
  • the C to C saturated fatty acids derived from beef and pork fat glycerides, and from palm, coconut and related oils are used. These acids are commonly known in the art as lauric (C myristic (C palmitic (C and stearic (C acids.
  • equivalent synthetic fatty acids and mixtures of fatty acids can also be used in accordance with the invention.
  • the invention provides a method for forming particulate blends of soap and liquid nonionic surfactants that are free flowing, non-tacky and contain from about 10 to about 50, preferably about 25 percent non-' ionic by weight.
  • the new method includes the intimate mixing of the fatty acid from which the soap is derived with the nonionic surfactant prior to saponification of the acid with a neutralizing agent to produce the soap.
  • the fatty acid material is initially mixed with liquid nonionic material at an elevated temperature, usually between about F. and 200 F., until the two components become mutually soluble and form a relatively clear liquid.
  • the clear solution is then neutralized by mixing with an alkali metal preferably sodium and potassium carbonate.
  • the neutralized reaction mass is then permitted to cool to room temperature during which it puffs into a porous solid that can be mechanically broken up into a free flowing, non-tacky powder having a density approximately equivalent to that of spray dried detergent powders, typically between about 0.25 and 0.75 grams per cc., usually 0.34 grams per cc.
  • the new method permits the production of a free flowing soap-liquid nonionic surfactant particulate blend having a nonionic content of up to about 50 percent by weight.
  • the relatively high ethoxamer content of the new particulate blend permits a substantial increase in the nonionic surfactant content of powdered detergents while avoiding the handling, pluming and tackiness characteristics of prior art methods.
  • the post addition of the soap-nonionic surfactant material of the invention to a conventional powdered detergent to form a 50-50 percent by weight mixture results in a final prod uct having a nonionic surfactant content of up to about 25 percent by Weight.
  • EXAMPLE 1 50 parts of a liquid ethoxylated fatty alcohol, having a 14- to 15 carbon atom alkyl chain and an average of 11 ethylene oxide units per molecule are mixed with 50 parts of lauric acid and heated to 180 -F. to form a clear solution. 100 parts of anhydrous sodium carbonate are mixed into the fatty acid-nonionic solution and the mixture is reheated to 180 F. and stirred until the neutralization reaction is complete. The mixing is then stopped and the reaction product is allowed to cool. During cooling the reaction product puffs to a porous solid that can be milled to particulate form. The resulting particulate material is dry, non-tacky and has a density of about 0.35 g./cc.
  • Example 1 is repeated with similar results using liquid nonionic surfactants derived by ethoxylating fatty alcohols having the following alkyl carbon atom chains and the indicated average number of ethylene oxide units per molecule.
  • Example 3 is repeated, with similar results, using each of the nonionic surfactants listed in example 2.
  • Example 3 is repeated, with similar results, using stearic acid in place of myristic acid.
  • Example 5 is repeated, with similar results using each of the nonionic surfactants listed in example 2- 4
  • EXAMPLE 7 Example 3 is repeated, with similar results using palmitic acid in place of myristic acid.
  • EXAMPLE 9 50 parts of a liquid ethoxylated fatty alcohol having a 14 to 15 carbon atom alkyl chain and an average of 11 ethylene oxide units per molecule are mixed with 50 parts of a fatty acid mixture derived by combining 30 percent by weight hydrogenated coconut oil fatty acids and 70 percent by weight of hydrogenated tallow fatty acids.
  • the fatty acid mixture has the following composi tion:
  • Example 9 is repeated with similar results using a liquid nonionic ethoxamer having an alkyl chain of 16-18 carbon atoms and an average of 12 ethylene oxide units per molecule.
  • a fatty acid mixture having the following composition is used.
  • new soap-nonionic particulate blends are dry, non-tacky and free flowing and have about the same density as spray dried detergent powders, they are very suitable for use either in place of, or in combination with, typical spray dried powders by post adding the new soapnonionic blend to the detergent after spray drying.
  • the new soap-nonionic particulate blend can also be utilized as a final detergent formulation either with or without builders, as desired.
  • a free flowing particulate detergent material consisting essentially of,
  • liquid nonionic surfactant chosen from the group consisting of ethoxylated fatty alcohols having an alkyl chain of from 8 to 20 carbon atoms and an average of from about 4 to about 19 ethylene oxide units per molecule
  • the free flowing particulate detergent material of claim 1 further characterized by having a density of about 0.34 grams per cc.
  • the free flowing particulate detergent material of claim 1 further including an amount of water not greater than the Water generated during saponification of said soap.
  • said ethoxylated fatty alcohol is chosen from the group having a alkyl chain of from about 14 to about 18 carbon atoms and an average of about 10 to about 12 ethylene oxide units per molecule.
  • said alkali metal is sodium
  • said alkali metal is sodium and,
  • said fatty acid is lauric acid.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

NOVEL PARTICULATE BLENDS OF SOAP AND LIQUID NONIONIC SURFACTANTS AND A METHOD FOR PREPARING SAME, IS DISCLOSED. THE NEW METHOD INCLUDES THE COMBINATION OF AN APPROPPRIATE FATTY ACID WITH THE LIQUID NONIONIC SURFACTANT BEFORE SAPONIFICATION OF THE AICD. THE NOVEL PARTICULATE BLENDS ARE DRY, NON-TACKY AND FREE FLOWING AND ARE SUITABLE FOR POST ADDITION TO SPRAY DRIED DETERGENT POWDERS OR FOR USE BY THEMSELVES OR WITH BUILDERS AS FINAL DETERGENT FORMULATIONS.

Description

United States Patent 3,814,692 FREE FLOWING SOAP-NONIONIC DETERGENT John H. Mostow, Metuchen, N.J., assignor to Colgate- Palmolive Company, New York, NY.
No Drawing. Continuation of abandoned application Ser. No. 167,452, July 29, 1971. This application July 9, 1973, Ser. No. 377,678
Int. Cl. Clld 9/26 US. Cl. 252-108 7 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE Novel particulate blends of soap and liquid nonionic surfactants and a method for preparing same, is disclosed. The new method includes the combination of an appropriate fatty acid with the liquid nonionic surfactant before saponification of the acid. The novel particulate blends are dry, non-tacky and free flowing and are suitable for post addition to spray dried detergent powders or for use by themselves or with builders as final detergent-formulations.
This is a continuation of application Ser. No. 167,452, filed July 29, 1971, now abandoned.
The present invention relates to heavy duty, particulate, detergent formulations. Specifically the invention provides a method for incorporating relatively large amounts, typically above about percent by weight, of liquid nonionic surfactants into heavy duty particulate detergent formulations. More specifically, a method for combining liquid nonionic surfactants with soap, in free flowing particulate form, is provided by the invention. The new soap-nonionic particulate material has approximately the same density as spray dried detergent powders and can be utilized, in combination with builders, as a final detergent formulation, or it can be very advantageously post added to spray dried detergent formulations.
The most commonly used surface active agents in heavy duty detergent formulations are anionic compounds having detersive properties. Typical of these anionic compounds are the higher alkyl mononuclear aromatic sulfonates such as the higher alkyl benzene sulfonates. These synthetic detergents are very effective in removing dirt from textile fabrics when utilized in conjunction with phosphate builders which function to soften the water being used and to provide detersive action. However, considerable controversy exists today as to the eflicacy of utilizing phosphate compounds in detergent formulations due to their alleged causation of the eutrophication process in lakes, rivers, and streams. Although the eutrophication process, wherein an excessive growth of aquatic plant life is promulgated in natural water bodies, is not completely understood, it is alleged that the phosphate compounds present in detergent containing waste water are a prime factor in promoting this phenomenon.
It has been discovered that when the phosphate content of a detergent formulation is substantially reduced, the nonionic surfactants appear to provide detergent properties that are superior to anionics in the same reduced phosphate content formulation. Apparently the detersive effectiveness of nonionic surfactants is effected much less by water hardness than that of the commonly used anionic surfactants. In the event that the phosphate builders are totally or partially removed from detergents, the incorporation of progressively larger amounts of nonioic surfactants into detergent formulations either in place of or in addition to anionic surfactants may become very desirable.
At present, small amounts of nonionic surfactants are added to detergent formulations, primarily to reduce the amount of foam generated during the washing cycle. However, it has been found that when a substantial ice amount, typically above 5% by weight, of nonionic surfactants is incorporated into the detergent slurry before spray drying, a pluming problem, manifested by a dense black smoke being discharged from the spray tower, may be encountered.
The combination of soap with a liquid nonionic surfactant in a detergent formulation is particularly advantageous since it results in a reduction or elimination of the high sudsing that is characteristic of anionic surfactants in detergent formulations. Prior art attempts to combine soap with liquid nonionic surfactants has typically resulted in a gel like mass that ultimately separates into two phases, and is unsuited for use in combination with powdered detergents. The primary advantage of the present invention is a method for combining liquid nonionic surfactants with soap in a dry, free flowing particulate form that may be readily utilized in combination with builders as a final detergent formulation or post added to spray dried detergent formulations to significantly increase the nonionic surfactant content of the final detergent product.
The nonionic surfactant component of the invention is well known and may be defined as the reaction product of ethylene oxide with a hydrophobic compound containing a carboxyl mercapto, amido, amino or hydroxy group. A preferred type of nonionic surfactant for use in accordance with the invention are ethoxylated long carbon chain alcohols. Typically, nonionic ethoxamers of this type have an 8 to 20 carbon atom alkyl chain preferably 14 to 18 and an average of about 4 to 19 preferably 10 to 15 ethylene oxide units per molecule. The range of ethylene oxide content that provides the greatest detergency in these surfactants usually results in a material that is a viscous liquid at room temperature and therefore unsuitable for direct addition to spray dried detergent powder.
The fatty acid component of the new particulate blends includes naturally occurring saturated fatty acids as well as commercially produced fatty acids derived by hydrogenating natural products such as coconut oil, palm kernel oil, babasu oil etc. The fatty acids of the invention are characterized by having a C to C carbon chain. Preferably the C to C saturated fatty acids derived from beef and pork fat glycerides, and from palm, coconut and related oils are used. These acids are commonly known in the art as lauric (C myristic (C palmitic (C and stearic (C acids. Of course, equivalent synthetic fatty acids and mixtures of fatty acids can also be used in accordance with the invention.
Accordingly, the invention provides a method for forming particulate blends of soap and liquid nonionic surfactants that are free flowing, non-tacky and contain from about 10 to about 50, preferably about 25 percent non-' ionic by weight. In accordance with the invention, the new method includes the intimate mixing of the fatty acid from which the soap is derived with the nonionic surfactant prior to saponification of the acid with a neutralizing agent to produce the soap. In formulating the new free flowing blends, the fatty acid material is initially mixed with liquid nonionic material at an elevated temperature, usually between about F. and 200 F., until the two components become mutually soluble and form a relatively clear liquid. The clear solution is then neutralized by mixing with an alkali metal preferably sodium and potassium carbonate. The neutralized reaction mass is then permitted to cool to room temperature during which it puffs into a porous solid that can be mechanically broken up into a free flowing, non-tacky powder having a density approximately equivalent to that of spray dried detergent powders, typically between about 0.25 and 0.75 grams per cc., usually 0.34 grams per cc.
In accordance with a further specific aspect of the invention, the new method permits the production of a free flowing soap-liquid nonionic surfactant particulate blend having a nonionic content of up to about 50 percent by weight. The relatively high ethoxamer content of the new particulate blend permits a substantial increase in the nonionic surfactant content of powdered detergents while avoiding the handling, pluming and tackiness characteristics of prior art methods. For example, the post addition of the soap-nonionic surfactant material of the invention to a conventional powdered detergent to form a 50-50 percent by weight mixture results in a final prod uct having a nonionic surfactant content of up to about 25 percent by Weight.
The following specific examples are further illustrative of the nature of the present invention but it is understood that the invention is not limited thereto. All amounts and proportions are by weight unless otherwise indicated.
EXAMPLE 1 50 parts of a liquid ethoxylated fatty alcohol, having a 14- to 15 carbon atom alkyl chain and an average of 11 ethylene oxide units per molecule are mixed with 50 parts of lauric acid and heated to 180 -F. to form a clear solution. 100 parts of anhydrous sodium carbonate are mixed into the fatty acid-nonionic solution and the mixture is reheated to 180 F. and stirred until the neutralization reaction is complete. The mixing is then stopped and the reaction product is allowed to cool. During cooling the reaction product puffs to a porous solid that can be milled to particulate form. The resulting particulate material is dry, non-tacky and has a density of about 0.35 g./cc.
EXAMPLE 2 Example 1 is repeated with similar results using liquid nonionic surfactants derived by ethoxylating fatty alcohols having the following alkyl carbon atom chains and the indicated average number of ethylene oxide units per molecule.
Average number of Carbon atom chain: ethylene oxide units All of the foregoing soap-nonionic particulate blends are dry, free flowing and very suitable for post-addition to typical spray dried detergent powders.
EXAMPLE 3 Example 3 is repeated, with similar results, using each of the nonionic surfactants listed in example 2.
EXAMPLE 5 Example 3 is repeated, with similar results, using stearic acid in place of myristic acid.
EXAMPLE 6 Example 5 is repeated, with similar results using each of the nonionic surfactants listed in example 2- 4 EXAMPLE 7 Example 3 is repeated, with similar results using palmitic acid in place of myristic acid.
EXAMPLE 8 Example 7 is repeated, with similar results, using each of the nonionic surfactants listed in example 2.
EXAMPLE 9 50 parts of a liquid ethoxylated fatty alcohol having a 14 to 15 carbon atom alkyl chain and an average of 11 ethylene oxide units per molecule are mixed with 50 parts of a fatty acid mixture derived by combining 30 percent by weight hydrogenated coconut oil fatty acids and 70 percent by weight of hydrogenated tallow fatty acids. The fatty acid mixture has the following composi tion:
Percent C caprylic acid 2.5-3 C capric acid 2.0-3 C lauric acid 4.5-10 C myristic acid 8.0-l0 C palmitic acid 12.0-15 C stearic acid 71.0-59
Example 9 is repeated with similar results using a liquid nonionic ethoxamer having an alkyl chain of 16-18 carbon atoms and an average of 12 ethylene oxide units per molecule. A fatty acid mixture having the following composition is used.
Percent C lauric acid 10-15 C myristic acid 20-40 C palmitic acid 15-20 C stearic acid 55-25 C arachidic acid 8.0 C behenic acid 5.0
EXAMPLE 1 1 Example 9 is repeated with similar results using a mixture of fatty aclds having the following composition:
Percent C caprylic acid 5.0 C capric acid 6.0
C lauric acid 34.0 C myristic acid 15.0 C palmitic acid 14.0
Since the new soap-nonionic particulate blends are dry, non-tacky and free flowing and have about the same density as spray dried detergent powders, they are very suitable for use either in place of, or in combination with, typical spray dried powders by post adding the new soapnonionic blend to the detergent after spray drying. The new soap-nonionic particulate blend can also be utilized as a final detergent formulation either with or without builders, as desired. Although the foregoing specific examples are presently preferred in the practice of the invention, variations may be made and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the spirit of the invention. Consequently, reference should be made to the following claims in determining the full scope of the invention.
I claim:
1. A free flowing particulate detergent material consisting essentially of,
(a) from about up to about 50 percent by Weight, of a liquid nonionic surfactant chosen from the group consisting of ethoxylated fatty alcohols having an alkyl chain of from 8 to 20 carbon atoms and an average of from about 4 to about 19 ethylene oxide units per molecule,
(b) at least 50 percent by weight of soap an alkali metal chosen from the group consisting of the sodium and potassium salts of saturated C to C fatty acids,
(0) said nonionic surfactant and said soap being physically combined to form a free flowing, porous particulate material and (d) said free flowing porous particulate material having a density from 0.25 to 0.75 grams per cc.
2. The free flowing particulate detergent material of claim 1 further characterized by having a density of about 0.34 grams per cc.
3. The free flowing particulate detergent material of claim 1 further including an amount of water not greater than the Water generated during saponification of said soap.
4. The particulate detergent of claim 1 wherein,
(a) said ethoxylated fatty alcohol is chosen from the group having a alkyl chain of from about 14 to about 18 carbon atoms and an average of about 10 to about 12 ethylene oxide units per molecule.
5. The particulate detergent of claim 1 wherein,
(a) said alkali metal is sodium.
6. The particulate detergent of claim 1 wherein,
(a) said alkali metal is sodium and,
(b) said fatty acid is lauric acid.
7. The particulate deteregnt material of claim 1 where- (a) the amount of said nonionic surfactant is about 25 percent by weight.
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,947,701 8/1960 'Ruif 252-109 2,875,153 2/1959 Dalton 252-132 2,774,735 12/1956 Becher 252--l17 2,595,300 5/1952 Safrin et a1 252-109 2,543,744 3/1951 Fox 252-132 FOREIGN PATENTS 903,781 8/1962 Great Britain 252-117 750,495 6/ 1956 Great Britain 252117 733,416 7/1955 Great Britain 252-432 OTHER REFERENCES Considerations in The Use of Nonionic Surface-Active Agents by C. E. Colwell & W. E. Rixon, Reprint From American Dyestufi Reporter, vol. 50, N0. 18, pages 39-42, September 1961.
Improvement of Soap with Ethylene Oxide Condensation Products by H. E. Tschakert, Manufacturing Chemist, 29, June 1958, pp. 233-236.
LELAND A. SEBASTIAN, Primary Examiner U.S. Cl. X.R.
25289, 109, 117, Dig. 1
US00377678A 1971-07-29 1973-07-09 Free flowing soap-nonionic detergent Expired - Lifetime US3814692A (en)

Priority Applications (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB3189872A GB1383407A (en) 1971-07-29 1972-07-07 Detergent compositions
AU44342/72A AU462305B2 (en) 1971-07-29 1972-07-07 Freeflowing detergent
CA146,963A CA983339A (en) 1971-07-29 1972-07-12 Free flowing detergent
DE2234903A DE2234903A1 (en) 1971-07-29 1972-07-15 FREE-FLOWING DETERGENT MIXTURE
CH1101672A CH575009A5 (en) 1971-07-29 1972-07-24
FR7226847A FR2147197B1 (en) 1971-07-29 1972-07-26
US00377678A US3814692A (en) 1971-07-29 1973-07-09 Free flowing soap-nonionic detergent
US451023A US3907702A (en) 1971-07-29 1974-03-14 Process for making a free flowing soap-nonionic detergent

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US16745271A 1971-07-29 1971-07-29
US00377678A US3814692A (en) 1971-07-29 1973-07-09 Free flowing soap-nonionic detergent
US451023A US3907702A (en) 1971-07-29 1974-03-14 Process for making a free flowing soap-nonionic detergent

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3814692A true US3814692A (en) 1974-06-04

Family

ID=27389392

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00377678A Expired - Lifetime US3814692A (en) 1971-07-29 1973-07-09 Free flowing soap-nonionic detergent
US451023A Expired - Lifetime US3907702A (en) 1971-07-29 1974-03-14 Process for making a free flowing soap-nonionic detergent

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US451023A Expired - Lifetime US3907702A (en) 1971-07-29 1974-03-14 Process for making a free flowing soap-nonionic detergent

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (2) US3814692A (en)
AU (1) AU462305B2 (en)
CA (1) CA983339A (en)
CH (1) CH575009A5 (en)
DE (1) DE2234903A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2147197B1 (en)
GB (1) GB1383407A (en)

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3953351A (en) * 1973-03-15 1976-04-27 Lever Brothers Company Liquid laundry detergent
US3956160A (en) * 1972-12-12 1976-05-11 Dai-Ichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd. Heavy duty detergent powder and process for production of the same
US3966628A (en) * 1974-08-21 1976-06-29 Westvaco Corporation Solid cleaning compositions containing C21 dicarboxylic acid
US4326971A (en) * 1978-12-11 1982-04-27 Colgate Palmolive Company Detergent softener compositions
US4329237A (en) * 1979-11-21 1982-05-11 Colgate-Palmolive Company Detergent softener compositions
US4411803A (en) * 1980-10-27 1983-10-25 Colgate Palmolive Company Detergent softener compositions
US4450085A (en) * 1981-05-01 1984-05-22 Colgate Palmolive Company Detergent softener compositions
EP0117568A1 (en) * 1983-01-20 1984-09-05 Unilever N.V. Particulate detergent composition
US4481938A (en) * 1981-10-16 1984-11-13 Lindley John E Resuscitator, respirator and/or incubator
US4487710A (en) * 1982-03-01 1984-12-11 The Procter & Gamble Company Granular detergents containing anionic surfactant and ethoxylated surfactant solubility aid
EP0165056A2 (en) * 1984-06-15 1985-12-18 Unilever N.V. Built detergent compositions
EP0364880A2 (en) * 1988-10-15 1990-04-25 Sunstar Inc. Detergent composition
US5028353A (en) * 1988-10-07 1991-07-02 Colgate-Palmolive Company Process of preparing a combination detergent and soap bar with enhanced mildness
EP1702976A1 (en) * 2005-03-16 2006-09-20 Cognis IP Management GmbH Process for production of liquid detergent compositions comprising soap and alkylbenzenesulfonate

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1560073A (en) * 1975-10-17 1980-01-30 Unilever Ltd Detergent compositions and the production thereof
NZ190372A (en) * 1978-05-11 1981-07-13 Unilever Ltd Manufacture of soap-containing washing powder by spray-drying
ES8607378A1 (en) * 1984-08-06 1986-05-16 Kao Corp Powder detergent of high density
GB8522621D0 (en) * 1985-09-12 1985-10-16 Unilever Plc Detergent powder
GB8810188D0 (en) * 1988-04-29 1988-06-02 Unilever Plc Detergent composition
IT1253321B (en) * 1991-09-25 1995-07-18 Mira Lanza Spa COMPOSITION OF SOAP TRANSFORMABLE INTO PARTICLES OR FLAKES EASILY SOLUBLE IN COLD WATER, PARTICULARLY SUITABLE FOR USE IN DETERGENT-BASED DETERGENT AND SOAP COMPOSITIONS.
US5458799A (en) * 1993-08-03 1995-10-17 Amway Corporation Mix process for formulating detergents
ATE188991T1 (en) * 1993-09-13 2000-02-15 Procter & Gamble GRANULAR DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS WITH NON-IONIC SURFACTANT AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF
TW326472B (en) * 1994-08-12 1998-02-11 Kao Corp Method for producing nonionic detergent granules
KR19980052351A (en) * 1996-12-24 1998-09-25 유병언 Thin film soap with air bubbles attached to cellulose film
GB9711356D0 (en) † 1997-05-30 1997-07-30 Unilever Plc Particulate detergent composition

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1571625A (en) * 1921-02-26 1926-02-02 George F Dawes Flaked soap and process of making the same
US1971375A (en) * 1932-01-09 1934-08-28 Larkin Co Inc Soap
US1999184A (en) * 1932-04-07 1935-04-30 Standard Oil Dev Co Soap powder
US2382531A (en) * 1942-08-17 1945-08-14 Auer Laszlo Soap manufacture
US2543744A (en) * 1946-04-04 1951-03-06 Gen Aniline & Film Corp Nonfoaming soap composition
US2595300A (en) * 1950-12-23 1952-05-06 Wilson & Co Inc Soap compositions and soap flakes
US2774735A (en) * 1955-03-22 1956-12-18 Colgate Palmolive Co Detergent bars
US2875153A (en) * 1955-04-27 1959-02-24 Colgate Palmolive Co Detergent compositions
BE549102A (en) * 1955-05-09
US3247121A (en) * 1962-04-30 1966-04-19 Procter & Gamble Washing composition

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3956160A (en) * 1972-12-12 1976-05-11 Dai-Ichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd. Heavy duty detergent powder and process for production of the same
US3953351A (en) * 1973-03-15 1976-04-27 Lever Brothers Company Liquid laundry detergent
US3966628A (en) * 1974-08-21 1976-06-29 Westvaco Corporation Solid cleaning compositions containing C21 dicarboxylic acid
US4326971A (en) * 1978-12-11 1982-04-27 Colgate Palmolive Company Detergent softener compositions
US4329237A (en) * 1979-11-21 1982-05-11 Colgate-Palmolive Company Detergent softener compositions
US4411803A (en) * 1980-10-27 1983-10-25 Colgate Palmolive Company Detergent softener compositions
US4450085A (en) * 1981-05-01 1984-05-22 Colgate Palmolive Company Detergent softener compositions
US4481938A (en) * 1981-10-16 1984-11-13 Lindley John E Resuscitator, respirator and/or incubator
US4487710A (en) * 1982-03-01 1984-12-11 The Procter & Gamble Company Granular detergents containing anionic surfactant and ethoxylated surfactant solubility aid
EP0117568A1 (en) * 1983-01-20 1984-09-05 Unilever N.V. Particulate detergent composition
US4929379A (en) * 1983-01-20 1990-05-29 Lever Brothers Company Particulate detergent composition
EP0165056A2 (en) * 1984-06-15 1985-12-18 Unilever N.V. Built detergent compositions
EP0165056A3 (en) * 1984-06-15 1989-03-15 Unilever Nv Built detergent compositions
US5028353A (en) * 1988-10-07 1991-07-02 Colgate-Palmolive Company Process of preparing a combination detergent and soap bar with enhanced mildness
EP0364880A2 (en) * 1988-10-15 1990-04-25 Sunstar Inc. Detergent composition
EP0364880A3 (en) * 1988-10-15 1990-12-27 Sunstar Inc. Detergent composition
EP1702976A1 (en) * 2005-03-16 2006-09-20 Cognis IP Management GmbH Process for production of liquid detergent compositions comprising soap and alkylbenzenesulfonate

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU4434272A (en) 1974-01-10
DE2234903A1 (en) 1973-02-08
FR2147197A1 (en) 1973-03-09
US3907702A (en) 1975-09-23
AU462305B2 (en) 1975-06-19
CA983339A (en) 1976-02-10
GB1383407A (en) 1974-02-12
FR2147197B1 (en) 1976-05-14
CH575009A5 (en) 1976-04-30

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3814692A (en) Free flowing soap-nonionic detergent
US2486922A (en) Stabilized detergent composition
CA1252728A (en) Skin cleansing compositions containing alkaline earth metal carbonates as skin feel agents
US2486921A (en) Detergent composition
US3944663A (en) Mild light duty detergent containing homopolymers of ethylene oxide
CA1219185A (en) Caustic based aqueous cleaning composition
US3281367A (en) Liquid detergent compositions
US3870647A (en) Liquid cleaning agent
JPH0347679B2 (en)
JPS5914077B2 (en) Liquid light detergent composition
WO2006029794A1 (en) Clear rinsing agent containing hydrophobically modified polycarboxylates
JPH06502663A (en) liquid detergent with builder
JP2557110B2 (en) Detergent composition
JPH0565499A (en) Solid detergent
US3070547A (en) Soap-synthetic bar
US2875153A (en) Detergent compositions
US3819538A (en) Environmentally compatible laundry detergent
US3231508A (en) Low foaming detergent compositions
US2915473A (en) Detergent compositions
US2026816A (en) Soap preparation
JPH06248300A (en) High bulk density granular detergent composition
DE2323326A1 (en) NON-FOAM DETERGENT AND CLEANING AGENTS
JPH0229120B2 (en) KONASETSUKENSOSEIBUTSU
US6165961A (en) Water-free surface-active agents
JPS6129399B2 (en)