EP0559159B1 - Elektronische Schliessanordnung - Google Patents

Elektronische Schliessanordnung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0559159B1
EP0559159B1 EP93103324A EP93103324A EP0559159B1 EP 0559159 B1 EP0559159 B1 EP 0559159B1 EP 93103324 A EP93103324 A EP 93103324A EP 93103324 A EP93103324 A EP 93103324A EP 0559159 B1 EP0559159 B1 EP 0559159B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
frequency
unit
circuit
oscillator
amplitude
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93103324A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0559159A1 (de
Inventor
Franz Schwerdt
Helmut Aswegen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Aug Winkhaus GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Aug Winkhaus GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Aug Winkhaus GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Aug Winkhaus GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP0559159A1 publication Critical patent/EP0559159A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0559159B1 publication Critical patent/EP0559159B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B47/00—Operating or controlling locks or other fastening devices by electric or magnetic means
    • E05B47/06—Controlling mechanically-operated bolts by electro-magnetically-operated detents
    • E05B47/0611—Cylinder locks with electromagnetic control
    • E05B47/0619—Cylinder locks with electromagnetic control by blocking the rotor
    • E05B47/0626—Cylinder locks with electromagnetic control by blocking the rotor radially
    • E05B47/063—Cylinder locks with electromagnetic control by blocking the rotor radially with a rectilinearly moveable blocking element
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C9/00309—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C2009/00753—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys
    • G07C2009/00769—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys with data transmission performed by wireless means
    • G07C2009/00777—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys with data transmission performed by wireless means by induction

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electronic locking arrangement comprising a lock unit and a key unit, each of which has a control circuit and a transmission and reception circuit which inductively transmits information signals to the control circuit of the other unit via coupling coils, the transmission and reception circuit of a first of the Units, in particular the lock unit for the transmission of the information signals, have an amplitude modulator and a frequency demodulator and the transmission and reception circuit of a second of the units, in particular the key unit has a frequency modulator and an amplitude demodulator, and the control circuit of the lock unit is dependent on the information signals transmitted between the units generated control signal representing the closed state.
  • From DE-A-35 17 858 is an electronic locking arrangement with a lock unit comprising a mechanical lock and a key unit designed as a flat key is known, in which each of these units comprises a control circuit and transmitting and receiving circuits which can be inductively coupled to one another for the transmission of information signals via coupling coils.
  • a high-frequency oscillator assigned to the lock unit transmits the operating energy for the key unit via a first pair of coupling coils.
  • the encryption information stored in a memory of the key unit is transmitted via a second pair of coupling coils as frequency modulation of a carrier signal generated by a high-frequency oscillator of the key unit to the lock unit, which it uses with encryption data stored in a memory of the lock unit for the generation of a control signal representing the closed state of the lock compares.
  • the signal transmitted by the oscillator of the lock unit for energy transmission via the first coupling coil pair can be amplitude modulated.
  • the key unit accordingly comprises an amplitude demodulator for programming purposes, which separates the encryption information.
  • the electronic locking arrangements explained above either have a comparatively large amount of structural parts, that is to say they either require a plurality of coupling coil pairs or high-frequency oscillators on both the lock side and on the key side, with the result of increased power consumption, or the data transfer rate is comparatively low, which is either to reduce locking security or to increase the response time of the locking arrangement.
  • the transmitting and receiving circuits for the transmission of the information signals have both coupling coils used by the first to the second unit and from the second to the first unit, that the amplitude modulator transmits the high-frequency signal, in particular free-running high-frequency oscillator, whose frequency-determining circuit comprises the coupling coil of the first unit and the amplitude demodulator is connected to the coupling coil of the second unit and that the frequency modulator is connected to the coupling coil of the second unit and the frequency-determining circuit of the high-frequency oscillator as a function of the information signal detuned while the frequency demodulator is coupled to the high-frequency oscillator.
  • a locking arrangement of this kind comes with a single high-frequency oscillator and a single coupling coil pair for the transmission of information signals in both directions out.
  • the data transfer rate is primarily determined by the frequency of the high-frequency oscillator, which can be selected to be relatively high for a comparatively large data transfer rate and can be, for example, two megahertz and higher. Since the key unit does not need its own high-frequency oscillator, the power consumption of the key unit is low. The required operating current can easily be obtained by rectifying the high-frequency signal transmitted via the coupling coils.
  • the information can be transmitted in the two transmission directions at the same time or at different times, with the frequency demodulator expediently being preceded by an amplitude limiter circuit which keeps amplitude fluctuations caused by the amplitude modulation away from the frequency demodulator.
  • Any conventional frequency modulator circuit is suitable as a frequency modulator, but pulse-width modulators are particularly suitable, which convert the high-frequency carrier signal of the oscillator into a pulse-width-modulated pulse signal.
  • the locking arrangement expediently comprises a mechanically lockable locking cylinder, to which a flat key connected to a structural unit with the key unit is assigned.
  • conventional lock cylinders have standardized dimensions, so that the circuit components of the lock unit have to be accommodated in a comparatively small space.
  • the output amplitude of the high-frequency oscillator can be changed as a function of the amplitude of the operating voltage or the operating current of the oscillator and the amplitude modulator modulates the amplitude of the operating voltage or the operating current and that the oscillator and the coupling coil are a first Unit and the amplitude modulator and the control circuit form a second unit spatially separate from the first unit.
  • the circuit components of the lock unit need to be accommodated in the lock cylinder, while another part of the circuit components, in particular the control circuit preferably formed by a microcontroller or the same, is separate from the lock cylinder, for example in a lock case, but also spatially from the lock case can be arranged separately. Since the amplitude modulator modulates the operating voltage or the operating current of the oscillator, no additional data transmission lines have to be routed to the oscillator via the voltage supply lines which are required anyway. This reduces the number of connecting lines between the locking cylinder and external circuit components.
  • the frequency demodulator of the lock unit is also expediently part of the external, second structural unit. This can be achieved by suitable dimensioning of the components of the high-frequency oscillator, by dimensioning the high-frequency oscillator so that the amplitude of its operating voltage or, in particular, its operating current pulsates with the instantaneous rate of high-frequency oscillation of its frequency-determining circuit and the frequency demodulator detects the pulsation of the operating voltage responds to the operating current.
  • the high-frequency oscillator which is expediently an oscillator in a three-point connection, for example a Colpitt oscillator in a capacitive three-point connection, is connected in series to an impedance with its operating voltage connections, the amplitude modulator being the one flowing through this series connection Current or the voltage applied to this series circuit is modulated.
  • the impedance couples the current oscillation rate of the oscillator appropriate signal from the operating voltage path and leads it to the frequency demodulator.
  • the impedance can be a resistor, but it is preferably an inductance in order to avoid losses in efficiency.
  • Oscillators in three-point connection have the advantage that they are very simple, and that the coupling coil is traversed by the operating current of the amplifying element of the oscillator, for example a transistor.
  • the operating voltage can also be varied within very wide limits.
  • the oscillator can oscillate down to very low operating voltages.
  • the amplitude modulator is preferably a resistance network connected in series with the operating voltage connections of the high-frequency oscillator with a resistance value that can be changed in stages by the control circuit of the lock unit.
  • the resistance network can be designed as a resistor, to which a switch controllable by the control circuit is connected in parallel.
  • the coupling coil of the key unit is expediently part of a resonant circuit which is matched to the carrier frequency of the high-frequency oscillator in order to be able to generate a sufficiently high output voltage for the operation of the key-side control circuit.
  • the rectifier circuit provided for generating the operating voltage from the high-frequency signal is preferably designed as a diode voltage multiplier circuit in order to achieve a further increase in the operating voltage.
  • the frequency modulator of the key unit is designed as a resistance damping network connected to the resonance circuit, whose resistance can be changed in stages by the control circuit of the key unit.
  • High locking security in connection with high operational security can be achieved if the control circuit of the lock unit periodically sends start signals, upon receipt of which the key unit sends a response signal and if the control circuit of the lock unit sends encryption data upon receipt of the response signal, upon receipt of which the key unit itself Sends encryption data.
  • Lock security also benefits if the key unit sends a data block that contains both the previously received encryption data and the encryption data formed in the key unit and if the control circuit of the lock unit evaluates the encryption data transmitted with the data block to generate the control signals.
  • the key unit can, for example, transmit encryption data stored in its memory; however, it can also encrypt or scramble the encryption data previously received from the lock unit according to a predetermined algorithm. Since both the encryption data previously received by the lock unit and key-specific encryption data are retransmitted and evaluated by the lock unit, a very high level of security can be achieved.
  • the control signal generated by the lock unit and representing the lock state when the lock unit and key unit match the encryption data can be transmitted to an external monitoring system, for example an alarm center; but it can also be used for the additional mechanical blocking of the locking cylinder, for example by an electromagnetic locking device, which block the cylinder core of the locking cylinder in addition to its mechanical tumblers, are used.
  • the locking cylinder of Figures 1 and 2 comprises a conventional profile cylinder housing 1 with a conventionally arranged rotatable cylinder core 3, which can be locked by a plurality of tumbler pin pairs 5 arranged one behind the other.
  • the tumbler pin pairs 5 block the cylinder core 3 on the profile housing 1.
  • the flat key 7 belonging to the locking cylinder aligns the tumbler pin pairs 5 to the jacket of the cylinder core 3, so that it can be rotated relative to the profile cylinder housing 1.
  • an electromagnetically actuable locking device 13 is accommodated in the profile cylinder housing 1, which locks the cylinder core 3 in the normal state, for example by resilient pretensioning of a locking pin 15, but releases it for the duration of the excitation pulse upon an excitation pulse.
  • the locking device 13 is controlled by a lock-side circuit unit 17 (FIG. 4) as a function of encryption information which is transmitted inductively from a key-side circuit unit 19 when the flat key 7 is inserted into the key channel 11 via a single pair of coupling coils 21, 23.
  • the key-side circuit unit 19 is accommodated in a handle 25 of the key 7.
  • the lock-side coupling coil 21 is fixed in the profile cylinder housing 1, for example at the entrance to the key channel 11, while the key-side coupling coil 23 is provided at a corresponding point on the shaft 9 in the region of the handle 25.
  • the coupling coil 21 is part of the frequency-determining circuit, for example an LC resonant circuit, a free-running high-frequency oscillator 27 that is not frequency-stabilized by quartz crystals or the like, the supply voltage of which is supplied via a line 29 from a circuit module 31 arranged remote from the locking cylinder.
  • the oscillator 27 is dimensioned such that the signal amplitude of the coupling coil 21 changes depending on the amplitude of the supply voltage of the line 29.
  • the supply voltage is supplied from an amplitude modulator 33, for example in the form of an amplifier, with which the high-frequency magnetic field generated by the coupling coil 21 is amplitude-modulated in accordance with the information data supplied by a microcontroller 35.
  • the coupling coil 23 When the key 7 is inserted, the coupling coil 23 is inductively coupled to the high-frequency magnetic field of the coupling coil 21.
  • An amplitude demodulator 39 connected to the coupling coil 23 via an input circuit 37 separates the information data from the carrier signal of the oscillator 27 and feeds it to a key-side microcontroller 41.
  • the microcontroller 41 in turn supplies information data for transmission to the lock-side circuit unit 17.
  • the information data is fed to a pulse width modulator 43, which controls the impedance connected to the coupling coil 23 in the input circuit 37 and thus controls the damping of the coupling coil 23. Due to the coupling of the coupling coil 23 with the frequency-determining circuit of the oscillator 27, the frequency-determining circuit is detuned depending on the frequency modulation by the pulse width modulator 43, which leads to a pulsation of the operating current of the line 29 at the rate of the frequency modulation.
  • a pulse width demodulator 47 is connected to the line 29 via an amplifier 45, which acts as an amplitude limiter, which separates the frequency-modulated information data from the carrier signal of the oscillator 27 and feeds it to the microcontroller 35 for processing.
  • the microcontroller 35 compares predetermined encryption data with the encryption data supplied from the key-side circuit unit 19 and, if there is a match via an amplifier 49, supplies an unlocking pulse of a predetermined duration to the locking device 13 via a further connecting line 51.
  • a rectifier circuit 53 connected to the input circuit 37 generates from the in the Coupling coil 23 induced AC voltage an operating DC voltage for the entire key-side circuit unit 19.
  • the profile cylinder housing 1 contains a circuit board 55, on which, however, essentially only the oscillator 27 and possibly the coupling coil 21 are fastened.
  • the remaining components of the lock-side circuit unit 17 are located in the external circuit unit 31, which therefore only has to be connected to the circuit board 55 via a few connecting lines.
  • the information data to be transmitted between the circuit units 17, 19 can include synchronization data as well as encryption data.
  • modulated pulses are transmitted to the carrier signal of the oscillator 27, alternately in both directions.
  • the locking arrangement works as follows:
  • the coupling coil 21 continuously generates a high-frequency magnetic field, onto which the microcontroller 35 periodically amplitude-modulates start signals. Inserted in the key channel 11, the magnetic field induces an alternating voltage in the coupling coil 23, from which the rectifier circuit 53 connected to the input circuit 37 generates the operating direct voltage for the key-side circuit unit 19.
  • the microcontroller 41 After receiving a start signal, the microcontroller 41 delivers a response signal that the microcontroller 35 in turn answers with encryption data.
  • the microcontroller 41 responds to the reception of the encryption data with a data block which contains, in addition to the received encryption data, encryption data generated on the key side, in particular generated depending on the received encryption data.
  • the microcontroller 35 compares its encryption data returned with the data block with the data originally sent and decrypts the key-side data. If the data match, the unlocking pulse is generated.
  • FIG. 5 shows details of a variant of the block diagram from FIG. 4. Components having the same effect are designated by the reference numbers in FIGS. 1-4; for explanation, reference is made to the description of these figures.
  • the amplitude modulator 33 comprises a resistor 71 connected between an operating voltage source 70 (the other pole of which is connected to ground) and the operating voltage connection 63 of the oscillator 27 and to which an electronic switch 73 controllable by the microcontroller 35 is connected in parallel.
  • the resistor 71 is dimensioned so that the voltage at the terminal 63 is sufficient for the operation of the oscillator 27. If the switch 73 bridges the resistor 71, the operating voltage of the oscillator 27 rises and the oscillator 27 generates a stronger magnetic alternating field compared to the situation when switch 73 is open.
  • An inductance 75 is connected between the emitter resistor 61 and ground, which is also traversed by the operating current pulsating with the oscillation frequency of the oscillator 27.
  • a threshold value stage in the form of a Schmitt trigger circuit 77 of the pulse shaper stage 45 converts the pulsating voltage drop across the inductance 75 due to the operating current into a pulse signal, the instantaneous pulse rate of which corresponds to the instantaneous frequency of the oscillator 27.
  • the pulse signal is supplied on the one hand to the microcontroller 35 by synchronization and on the other hand to the pulse width demodulator 47, which in the exemplary embodiment shown has the form of a phase locked loop (PPL loop).
  • PPL loop phase locked loop
  • the pulse width demodulator 47 Depending on a reference signal supplied at 79, the frequency of which is equal to the carrier frequency of the oscillator 27, the pulse width demodulator 47 generates an output signal corresponding to the oscillation frequency deviation or change of the oscillator 27, which is fed via an amplifier 81 to the microcontroller 35 for evaluation.
  • a diode voltage doubler circuit 85 here in the form of a Delon voltage doubler circuit consisting of diodes 87, 89 and capacitors 91, 93, is connected to the resonance circuit.
  • the resonance circuit ensures an increase in resonance of the AC voltage induced in the coupling coil 23 and the voltage doubler circuit 85 ensures the rectification of the AC voltage with simultaneous doubling.
  • Circuit 85 provides the operating voltage required for the operation of the key electronics, in particular the microcontroller 41.
  • the capacitors 91, 93 of the voltage doubler circuit 85 also form a voltage divider to which the amplitude demodulator 39 is connected.
  • the amplitude demodulator 39 can be constructed conventionally and can comprise, for example, a rectifier circuit with a downstream amplifier.
  • the frequency modulator 43 comprises a damping resistor 95, which is connected in series with an electronic switch 97, which can be controlled by the microcontroller 41, between the parallel resonance circuit containing the coupling coil 23 and ground. When the switch is closed, the parallel resonance circuit is damped, with the result that the reaction of the coupling coil 23 on the coupling coil 21 is reduced, which leads to a change in the oscillation frequency of the oscillator 27.
  • the resonant circuit of the input circuit 37 of the key takes more energy from the alternating magnetic field of the coupling coil 21 of the oscillator 27 than when the switch 97 is open. This energy is no longer available to the oscillating circuit of the oscillator 27, which leads to an increase in the oscillation frequency of the oscillator 27 leads.
  • the resonance circuit of the input circuit 37 is also connected via a coupling resistor 99 to a clock input of the microcontroller 41 and thus ensures the synchronization of the microcontroller 41.
  • Both microcontrollers 35 and 41 are thus supplied with a clock signal derived from the oscillation frequency of the oscillator 27, which is a bit -Coding of the information signals of the microcontrollers 35, 41 in synchronism with the oscillator frequency enables.
  • the data transmission is therefore not subject to a fixed time grid, so that the duration of the data pulses determined by the microcontrollers 35, 41 can be related to a defined number of oscillation periods of the oscillator.
  • a fixed reference frequency is therefore unnecessary on the key side.
  • the frequency demodulation on the circuit 31 side can also be carried out in another way.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Control Of Throttle Valves Provided In The Intake System Or In The Exhaust System (AREA)
  • Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
  • Devices For Conveying Motion By Means Of Endless Flexible Members (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
  • Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)
  • Transmitters (AREA)
EP93103324A 1992-03-06 1993-03-02 Elektronische Schliessanordnung Expired - Lifetime EP0559159B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4207160 1992-03-06
DE4207160A DE4207160C1 (fi) 1992-03-06 1992-03-06

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0559159A1 EP0559159A1 (de) 1993-09-08
EP0559159B1 true EP0559159B1 (de) 1997-06-04

Family

ID=6453420

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93103324A Expired - Lifetime EP0559159B1 (de) 1992-03-06 1993-03-02 Elektronische Schliessanordnung

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0559159B1 (fi)
AT (1) ATE154091T1 (fi)
CZ (1) CZ282593B6 (fi)
DE (2) DE4207160C1 (fi)
ES (1) ES2104976T3 (fi)
FI (1) FI930996A (fi)
HU (1) HU216494B (fi)
PL (1) PL171282B1 (fi)

Families Citing this family (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4329315C1 (de) * 1993-08-31 1994-12-08 Siemens Ag System zur kontaktlosen Daten- bzw. Energieübertragung
ES2103608T5 (es) † 1993-10-01 2001-02-16 Marquardt Gmbh Sistema electronico de cerradura de encendido en un vehiculo de motor.
DE4422081C2 (de) * 1994-06-24 1996-07-18 Telefunken Microelectron Schließsystem mit einem Schlüsselmodul
FR2721882B1 (fr) * 1994-07-04 1996-12-27 Valeo Securite Habitacle Dispositif de detection de presence de cle et systeme antivol utilisant un tel dispositif
IT1268670B1 (it) * 1994-07-15 1997-03-06 Silca Spa Unita' di cilindro e chiave a funzionamento elettromeccanico per serrature
DE19517704C2 (de) * 1995-05-13 1999-01-21 Bks Gmbh Profilzylinder
JPH09100666A (ja) * 1995-10-05 1997-04-15 Tokai Rika Co Ltd キーシリンダ
FR2743652B1 (fr) * 1996-01-16 1998-02-06 Telecommunications Sa Serrure actionnee par signal infrarouge depuis une cle de commande
DE19714013B4 (de) * 1997-04-04 2007-04-12 Trelock Gmbh Kabelschloß
WO2006086907A1 (de) * 2005-02-16 2006-08-24 Jeanine Mahdjabin Ariana Durch kombination von schlüssel und code, sender oder ähnlichen zu betätigen schliesseinrichtung
ES2387715B1 (es) * 2011-03-03 2013-06-24 Ojmar, S.A. Sistema de cierre con comunicacion por infrarrojos.
CN103971438A (zh) * 2014-05-26 2014-08-06 阮宏鸣 基于高频天线特征判别的智能锁系统

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3244566A1 (de) * 1982-12-02 1984-06-14 Angewandte Digital Elektronik Gmbh, 2051 Brunstorf Verfahren und vorrichtung zur gegenseitigen informationsuebertragung zwischen elektronischem schloss und schluessel
DE3402737C1 (de) * 1984-01-27 1985-08-01 Angewandte Digital Elektronik Gmbh, 2051 Brunstorf Vorrichtung zur gegenseitigen Informationsuebertragung
FI841986A (fi) * 1984-05-17 1985-11-18 Waertsilae Oy Ab Laosningssystem.
EP0287686B2 (de) * 1987-04-15 1993-07-21 Fritz Fuss GmbH & Co. Überwachte Schliessvorrichtung
DE3714195A1 (de) * 1987-04-29 1988-11-10 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Verfahren zur beruehrungslosen energie- und datenuebertragung, sowie mechanisch und elektronisch kodiertes schloss

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
HU216494B (hu) 1999-07-28
FI930996A0 (fi) 1993-03-05
PL297958A1 (en) 1993-09-20
EP0559159A1 (de) 1993-09-08
HU9300631D0 (en) 1993-05-28
FI930996A (fi) 1993-09-07
ES2104976T3 (es) 1997-10-16
CZ282593B6 (cs) 1997-08-13
PL171282B1 (pl) 1997-03-28
DE59306624D1 (de) 1997-07-10
ATE154091T1 (de) 1997-06-15
HUT63678A (en) 1993-09-28
DE4207160C1 (fi) 1993-02-11
CZ33393A3 (en) 1994-03-16

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