EP0558949B1 - Feu de croisement pour véhicules - Google Patents

Feu de croisement pour véhicules Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0558949B1
EP0558949B1 EP93101761A EP93101761A EP0558949B1 EP 0558949 B1 EP0558949 B1 EP 0558949B1 EP 93101761 A EP93101761 A EP 93101761A EP 93101761 A EP93101761 A EP 93101761A EP 0558949 B1 EP0558949 B1 EP 0558949B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reflector
region
light
luminous element
axis
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93101761A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0558949A3 (fr
EP0558949A2 (fr
Inventor
Christian Dipl.-Ing. Lietar
Rainer Dr. Dipl.-Phys. Neumann
Henning Dr. Dipl.-Phys. Hogrefe
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP0558949A2 publication Critical patent/EP0558949A2/fr
Publication of EP0558949A3 publication Critical patent/EP0558949A3/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0558949B1 publication Critical patent/EP0558949B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/30—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by reflectors
    • F21S41/32—Optical layout thereof
    • F21S41/33—Multi-surface reflectors, e.g. reflectors with facets or reflectors with portions of different curvature
    • F21S41/334—Multi-surface reflectors, e.g. reflectors with facets or reflectors with portions of different curvature the reflector consisting of patch like sectors
    • F21S41/335—Multi-surface reflectors, e.g. reflectors with facets or reflectors with portions of different curvature the reflector consisting of patch like sectors with continuity at the junction between adjacent areas

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a low beam headlight for motor vehicles according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such a low beam headlight is known from EP 0 250 284 A1.
  • This low beam headlight has a reflector, a luminous element and a light plate covering the light exit opening of the reflector.
  • the luminous element is offset upward with respect to the optical axis of the reflector so that its lower limit lies approximately on the optical axis.
  • the reflector is divided into several sectors below and above a horizontal axial plane with different reflection surfaces. On one side of the reflector, a first sector extends from the horizontal axial plane up to an angle ⁇ to it, and on the other side of the reflector extends from the horizontal axial plane to an angle ⁇ downwards second sector, both sectors each having reflection surfaces in the form of paraboloid of revolution. These two sectors are connected by two adjoining sectors above and below the horizontal axial plane, which have reflection surfaces in the form of general paraboloids.
  • a general paraboloid contains parabolas in all axial longitudinal sections, but with different focal lengths.
  • This known low-beam headlight produces a light distribution with a light-dark boundary, which has a substantially horizontal section on the oncoming traffic side and a section that rises upwards with respect to the horizontal at an angle ⁇ to the edge of the road of one's own lane.
  • the lens only needs to have weakly effective optical means for shaping the light distribution.
  • a high luminous intensity is sought just below the light-dark boundary in order to obtain a long range and the sharpest possible formation of the light-dark limit. With the light distribution generated by the known reflector, however, this has not been achieved to the desired extent.
  • DE-A1-40 10 652 also discloses a fog lamp which has a reflector, with an upper reflector region and a lower reflector region, which each have different reflection surfaces in the form of a general paraboloid.
  • the two reflector areas touch in an axial plane, which is the horizontal central plane of the reflector.
  • the highest images of a luminous element reflected by the reflector areas adjoin a horizontal light-dark boundary, as is usual with fog lights.
  • This document does not contain any information on the formation of a reflector for a low beam headlight which has to emit a light beam with a light-dark boundary having a horizontal section and an inclined section.
  • the low-beam headlamp according to the invention with the characterizing features of claim 1 has the advantage that a high light intensity is present just below the light-dark boundary and thus reaches a large range of light and the light-dark limit is clearly pronounced.
  • FIG. 1 shows a low beam headlight in vertical longitudinal section
  • FIG. 2 shows the reflector of the headlight in rear view
  • FIG. 3 shows the upper partial surface of the reflector in a cross section perpendicular to the optical axis
  • FIG. 4 shows images of a luminous element reflected by the upper left partial surface of the reflector
  • FIG. 6 the light distribution generated by the headlight.
  • a low-beam headlight for motor vehicles shown in FIG. 1 has a reflector 10, the light exit opening of which is covered by a lens 11, which can have optically effective elements.
  • a luminous element 13 which can be the filament of an incandescent lamp or the arc of a gas discharge lamp.
  • the luminous element extends approximately parallel to the optical axis 14 of the reflector 10, but is offset upwards with respect to the latter so that its lower limit lies approximately on the optical axis 14.
  • the reflector 10 is divided into an upper part 19 and a lower part 20 in a plane 17 shown in FIG. 2 and inclined at an angle ⁇ / 2 to the horizontal 16, both of which have reflection surfaces in the form of general paraboloids.
  • the two parts 19 and 20 continuously merge into one another in the contact plane 17, that is, that both parts have 17 common tangents in the plane of contact.
  • FIG. 3 shows a cross section through the upper part 19 of the reflector 10.
  • the upper part 19 has a reflection surface in the form of a general paraboloid.
  • the general paraboloid contains parabolas in all axial longitudinal sections, that is to say longitudinal sections containing the optical axis 14. However, the parabolas have different focal lengths and a common apex, so that there are different focal positions for the different parabolas.
  • the focal point Foh the parabola lying in the contact plane 17, lies approximately at the level of the center of the luminous element 13 on the optical axis 14.
  • the focal point Fov which lies in the axial plane 22, which is perpendicular to the contact plane 17, lies approximately at the level of the apex of the reflector facing end region of the luminous body 13 on the optical axis 14.
  • the focal point of the parabola resulting in the respective axial longitudinal section "migrates" from the center of the luminous body 13 to its end region of the luminous body 13 facing the reflector apex.
  • an elliptical cutting curve 23 results in the cross section through the upper part 19 of the reflector 10.
  • the numerical eccentricity of the cutting curve 23 can be varied from the contact plane 17 to the vertical axial plane 22.
  • the eccentricity e of the intersection curve 23 in the region of the contact plane 17 is preferably almost zero, so that the normal to the intersection curve 23 intersects the optical axis 14 and the Intersection curve 23 is approximately a circle in this area.
  • the eccentricity e of the intersection curve 23 increases in relation to the vertical axial plane 22, that is to say with increasing angle ⁇ between a straight line OP connecting a reflector point P with the optical axis 14 and the contact plane 17.
  • FIG. 4 shows images of the luminous element 13 which are reflected by the upper part 19 of the reflector 10.
  • the illustrations 25 to 27 of the luminous element 13 are reflected by different areas of the reflector part 19, the normals of the intersection curve resulting in cross section, as described above, each have different distances from the optical axis 14. Due to the above-described design of the intersection curve, the image 25 of the luminous body 13, which lies at the highest, directly borders with its upper edge on a horizontal section 28 of the light-dark boundary 30.
  • the further illustrations 26 and 27 lie below the light-dark boundary and are relative to the position of the respective reflector region Luminous body 13 inclined with respect to the horizontal.
  • the images 27 a to c are reflected by reflector regions, which all lie on a common parabola, but are at different distances from the optical axis 14 and therefore reflect images of different sizes.
  • Figures 25 to 27 only come from areas seen in the direction of light emission left half of the upper reflector part 19 in order to maintain the clarity of FIG.
  • the lower part 20 of the reflector 10 likewise has a reflection surface in the form of a general paraboloid, the focal point Fuh, the parabola lying in the contact plane 17, as in the upper part 19 being approximately at the level of the center of the luminous element 13 on the optical axis 14.
  • the focal point Fuv, the parabola lying in the vertical axial plane 22, lies at the level of the end region of the luminous body 13 pointing away from the reflector apex on the optical axis 14.
  • the cross section perpendicular to the optical axis 14 results in an elliptical intersection curve, the eccentricity of which, starting from the contact plane 17, where this is approximately zero, reaches its maximum value in the vertical axial plane 22.
  • FIG. 5 shows images of the luminous element 13 which are reflected by the lower reflector part 20.
  • the illustrations 32 to 34 of the luminous element 13 are reflected by different areas of the reflector part 20, the normals of the intersection curve resulting in cross section, as described above, each have different distances from the optical axis 14.
  • the image 32 of the luminous body 13 lying at the highest edge directly borders with its upper edge on a portion 36 of the light-dark boundary 30 that rises by an angle ⁇ with respect to the horizontal.
  • the further illustrations 33 and 34 lie below the light-dark boundary and are inclined in relation to the horizontal according to the position of the respective reflector area relative to the luminous element 13.
  • the figures 32 to 34 come only from areas of the left half of the reflector part 20, as seen in the light exit direction, in order to maintain the clarity of FIG. 5.
  • the reflecting surfaces of the upper and lower reflector parts 19 and 20 can be calculated using the mathematical equation given below.
  • a coordinate system with the origin O in the reflector apex and the optical axis 14 as the z axis is specified.
  • the x-axis of the coordinate system is perpendicular to the z-axis and lies in the contact plane 17.
  • the y-axis of the coordinate system is perpendicular to both the z-axis and the x-axis and is therefore in the vertical axial plane 22.
  • the center of the luminous element 13 is arranged at a distance of approximately 24 mm from the reflector apex.
  • a reflector 10 generates a light distribution shown in FIG. 6 by superimposing all the images of the luminous element 13, which distributes the legally prescribed light-dark limit 30 with the horizontal section 28 on the oncoming traffic side and the horizontal section 28 on the other side of the carriageway and rising towards the edge of the road under the angle ⁇ inclined portion 36.
  • the light distribution is shown by means of several Isolux lines 38, which are lines of the same illuminance.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
  • Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Projecteur de feu de croisement pour des véhicules automobiles, comprenant un réflecteur (10), une source lumineuse (13) et une glace (11) recouvrant l'orifice de sortie de lumière du réflecteur (10), ce réflecteur (10) ayant des surfaces de réflexion différentes dans sa zone supérieure (19) et dans sa zone inférieure (20), surfaces qui correspondent, au moins par zones, sensiblement à un paraboloïde général, et qui sont réfléchies par les images de la source lumineuse (13) pour former une distribution de lumière avec un segment (28) sensiblement horizontal et un segment (36) incliné d'un angle α par rapport à la direction horizontale, composant la limite (30) entre la clarté et l'obscurité, et les coupes du réflecteur (10), perpendiculairement à son axe optique (14), donnent des courbes d'intersection (23) dont l'excentricité numérique est variable selon la périphérie,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la zone supérieure de réflecteur (19) et la zone inférieure de réflecteur (20) se touchent dans un plan axial (17) qui est incliné par rapport à la direction horizontal (16) de la moitié de l'angle d'inclinaison a du segment incliné (36) de la limite (30) entre la clarté et l'obscurité, et dans le même sens que celui-ci, et l'ensemble de la zone supérieure (19) et de la zone inférieure (20) du réflecteur correspond à une surface de réflexion sous la forme d'un paraboloïde, général et l'excentricité numérique des courbes d'intersection (23) correspondant aux intersections du réflecteur (10) perpendiculairement à son axe optique (14), est variable sur sa périphérie de façon que l'image (25) de la source lumineuse (13) qui est située la plus haute, réfléchie par la zone supérieure (19) du réflecteur, soit adjacente, par son arête supérieure, au segment horizontal (28) de la limite (30) entre la clarté et l'obscurité, et en ce que l'image (32) située la plus haute, réfléchie par la zone inférieure (20) du réflecteur pour la source lumineuse (13), soit adjacente, par son arête supérieure au segment incliné (36) de la limite (30) entre la clarté et l'obscurité.
  2. Projecteur de feu de croisement selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que l'excentricité de la courbe d'intersection (23), partant du plan de contact (17), augmente sensiblement de zéro jusqu'au plan axial (22) perpendiculaire au plan de contact (17).
  3. Projecteur de feu de croisement selon la revendication 1 ou 2,
    caractérisé en ce que la zone supérieure (19) du réflecteur et la zone inférieure (20) du réflecteur ont une courbe d'intersection identique située dans leur plan de contact (17), courbe dont le foyer se situe sensiblement au niveau du milieu de la source lumineuse (13).
  4. Projecteur de feu de croisement selon la revendication 3,
    caractérisé en ce que le foyer (Fov) de la courbe d'intersection de la zone supérieure (19) du réflecteur, dans le plan axial vertical (22), se situe sensiblement au niveau de la zone d'extrémité de la source lumineuse (13), tournée vers le sommet du réflecteur, et en ce que le foyer (Fuv) de la courbe d'intersection de la zone inférieure (20) du réflecteur, qui se situe dans le plan axial vertical (22), est sensiblement au niveau de la zone d'extrémité de la source lumineuse (13) qui s'éloigne du sommet du réflecteur.
  5. Projecteur de feu de croisement selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que la surface de réflexion de la zone supérieure (19) du réflecteur et/ou de la zone inférieure (20) du réflecteur est définie par l'équation suivante dans un système de coordonnées cartésiennes : x 2 a 2 + y 2 b 2 - 1 = 0
    Figure imgb0010
     avec a 2 = 4 . f x . z
    Figure imgb0011
     et
    Figure imgb0012
     équations dans lesquelles :
    z   représente l'axe optique
    x   représente l'axe situé dans le plan de contact (17)
    y   est perpendiculaire à la fois à x et à z,
    x, y, z   sont les coordonnées d'un point du réflecteur,
    fx, fy   sont les distances focales de la courbe d'intersection située dans le plan de contact (17) ou dans le plan axial (22) perpendiculaire à celui-ci,
    c   est un coefficient servant à adapter le bord d'éclairage supérieur à la limite clarté/obscurité, nécessaire.
EP93101761A 1992-03-05 1993-02-05 Feu de croisement pour véhicules Expired - Lifetime EP0558949B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4206881A DE4206881A1 (de) 1992-03-05 1992-03-05 Abblendlichtscheinwerfer fuer kraftfahrzeuge
DE4206881 1992-03-05

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0558949A2 EP0558949A2 (fr) 1993-09-08
EP0558949A3 EP0558949A3 (fr) 1994-03-02
EP0558949B1 true EP0558949B1 (fr) 1997-01-08

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ID=6453249

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93101761A Expired - Lifetime EP0558949B1 (fr) 1992-03-05 1993-02-05 Feu de croisement pour véhicules

Country Status (4)

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US (1) US5461549A (fr)
EP (1) EP0558949B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3565875B2 (fr)
DE (2) DE4206881A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2294536B (en) * 1994-10-27 1998-06-17 Carello Lighting Plc Vehicle headlight with a complex-surface reflector
FR2740858B1 (fr) 1995-11-08 1998-01-23 Valeo Vision Projecteur de vehicule automobile, comportant un miroir capable d'engendrer par lui-meme un faisceau a coupure en v
DE10017659A1 (de) 2000-04-08 2001-10-11 Bosch Gmbh Robert Scheinwerfer für Fahrzeuge zur Erzeugung zumindest eines Abblendlichtbündels
CN100565327C (zh) 2000-05-31 2009-12-02 精工爱普生株式会社 投影机及其控制方法
US9222637B2 (en) 2013-03-14 2015-12-29 Valeo North America, Inc. Lightguide with horizontal cutoff and horizontal spread
EP3057067B1 (fr) * 2015-02-16 2017-08-23 Thomson Licensing Dispositif et procédé pour estimer une partie brillante de rayonnement

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2536502B1 (fr) * 1982-11-19 1987-01-09 Cibie Projecteurs Projecteur de croisement pour vehicule automobile
FR2599121B1 (fr) * 1986-05-26 1988-09-16 Cibie Projecteurs Projecteur de croisement sans coupelle a concentration decalee
FR2599120B1 (fr) * 1986-05-26 1988-09-16 Cibie Projecteurs Projecteurs de croisement sans coupelle a concentration decalee
DE3731232A1 (de) * 1987-09-17 1989-03-30 Bosch Gmbh Robert Scheinwerfer fuer fahrzeuge, insbesondere scheinwerfer fuer kraftfahrzeuge
FR2639888B1 (fr) * 1988-12-07 1993-08-13 Valeo Vision Projecteur de vehicule automobile, comportant un reflecteur a surface complexe a zones intermediaires modifiees
DE4010652C2 (de) * 1990-04-03 1998-08-27 Bosch Gmbh Robert Reflektor als Bestandteil eines Kraftfahrzeugnebelscheinwerfers
JP2517485B2 (ja) * 1991-01-23 1996-07-24 株式会社小糸製作所 車輌用前照灯の反射鏡
DE4123658A1 (de) * 1991-07-17 1993-01-21 Bosch Gmbh Robert Scheinwerfer fuer kraftfahrzeuge

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE4206881A1 (de) 1993-09-09
DE59305013D1 (de) 1997-02-20
EP0558949A3 (fr) 1994-03-02
JPH0628905A (ja) 1994-02-04
JP3565875B2 (ja) 2004-09-15
EP0558949A2 (fr) 1993-09-08
US5461549A (en) 1995-10-24

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