EP0556404A1 - Schmierölzusammensetzung - Google Patents

Schmierölzusammensetzung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0556404A1
EP0556404A1 EP92917678A EP92917678A EP0556404A1 EP 0556404 A1 EP0556404 A1 EP 0556404A1 EP 92917678 A EP92917678 A EP 92917678A EP 92917678 A EP92917678 A EP 92917678A EP 0556404 A1 EP0556404 A1 EP 0556404A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lubricating oil
oil
dtc
lubricating
oil composition
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP92917678A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0556404A4 (en
Inventor
Michihide Tokashiki
Michiya Yamada
Toshikazu Tsukada
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tonen General Sekiyu KK
Original Assignee
Tonen Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tonen Corp filed Critical Tonen Corp
Publication of EP0556404A1 publication Critical patent/EP0556404A1/de
Publication of EP0556404A4 publication Critical patent/EP0556404A4/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M135/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
    • C10M135/12—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof
    • C10M135/14—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof having a carbon-to-sulfur double bond
    • C10M135/18—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof having a carbon-to-sulfur double bond thiocarbamic type, e.g. containing the groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
    • C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M133/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M133/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
    • C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M133/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M133/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M133/08—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups
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    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
    • C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
    • C10M133/16—Amides; Imides
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    • C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
    • C10M133/52—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of 30 or more atoms
    • C10M133/56—Amides; Imides
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    • C10M141/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M141/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being an organic sulfur-, selenium- or tellurium-containing compound
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    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
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    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
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    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/282—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic oolycarboxylic acids
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    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/34—Esters having a hydrocarbon substituent of thirty or more carbon atoms, e.g. substituted succinic acid derivatives
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    • C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
    • C10M2209/084—Acrylate; Methacrylate
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    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
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    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2215/042—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Alkoxylated derivatives thereof
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    • C10M2215/08—Amides
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    • C10M2215/082—Amides containing hydroxyl groups; Alkoxylated derivatives
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    • C10M2217/04—Macromolecular compounds from nitrogen-containing monomers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2217/046—Polyamines, i.e. macromoleculars obtained by condensation of more than eleven amine monomers
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    • C10M2217/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2217/06—Macromolecular compounds obtained by functionalisation op polymers with a nitrogen containing compound
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    • C10M2219/06—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof
    • C10M2219/062—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof having carbon-to-sulfur double bonds
    • C10M2219/066—Thiocarbamic type compounds
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    • C10M2219/06—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof
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    • C10M2219/068—Thiocarbamate metal salts
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    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
    • C10M2223/045—Metal containing thio derivatives
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Definitions

  • the present invention relates to lubricating oil compositions, and more specifically to lubricating oil compositions, which contain very little or no phosphorus and are excellent in anti-wear properties, extreme-pressure characteristics, friction characteristics, oxidation stability, coking resistance and the like.
  • the lubricating oil compositions according to the present invention are suitably used, in particular, as lubricating oils for internal combustion engines of automobiles.
  • Zinc dithiophosphate such as zinc dialkyldithiophosphate or zinc diaryldithiophosphate is one of lubricating oil additives which are worldwide used.
  • Zn-DTP serves as both antioxidant and corrosion inhibitor and additionally has excellent anti-wear properties, and is hence used widely not only in lubricating oils for internal combustion engines of automobiles (hereinafter abbreviated as the “engine oil”), but also in hydraulic fluids.
  • Zn-DTP is commonly used in a field of lubricating oils including engine oils from the viewpoint of both excellent multifunctionality and effect.
  • Zn-DTP is used as an engine oil, it involves a problem that the capability of an exhaust emission control system is remarkably reduced because phosphorus (P) contained therein poisons catalysts for exhaust emission control devices and oxygen sensors in automobiles.
  • P phosphorus
  • M-DTCs metal salts of dithiocarbamic acid
  • Zn-DTP various metal salts of dithiocarbamic acid
  • these salts involve no potential problem of poisoning catalysts for exhaust emission control devices because they contain no phosphorus atom in their molecules.
  • these metal dithiocarbamates do not impart sufficient anti-wear properties. Therefore, various proposals for their combination systems with Zn-DTP have been made (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 111805/1976, 113604/1979).
  • Zinc dithiocarbamate (hereinafter abbreviated as "Zn-DTC") which is one of the metal dithiocarbamates is soluble in oils if its lipophilic groups have at least 5 carbon atoms on the average. Therefore, it is used as an additive for lubricating oils.
  • this compound is insufficient in anti-wear effect compared with Zn-DTP and can not hence be substituted for Zn-DTP.
  • Zn-DTC whose lipophilic groups have at most 4 carbon atoms on the average is commonly used as a vulcanization accelerator for rubbers, but is hardly employed as a lubricating oil additive due to its low solubility in lubricating oils.
  • Zn-DTC whose lipophilic groups each have 4 carbon atoms is only used as an antioxidant, metal deactivator and bearing-corrosion inhibitor for lubricating oils in a low concentration.
  • short-chain M-DTC whose lipophilic groups have at most 4 carbon atoms on the average
  • an oil-soluble amine compound such as a succinimide or alkylamine
  • This combination system is excellent in anti-wear properties compared with the conventionally-known, oil-soluble Zn-DTC whose lipophilic groups have at least 5 carbon atoms on the average, and can impart anti-wear properties identical with Zn-DTP and a coefficient of friction lower than Zn-DTP.
  • the combination system can also bring about good extreme-pressure characteristics, oxidation stability and coking resistance. Therefore, the combination system of the short-chain Zn-DTC and the oil-soluble amine compound has various characteristics and properties substitutable for the commonly-used Zn-DTP and hence permits the reduction of the phosphorus content in lubricating oils to an extremely low level or the elimination of phosphorus from the lubricating oils. It is hence suitably used as an additive for engine oils.
  • the present invention has been led to completion on the basis of these findings.
  • a lubricating oil composition comprising a lubricating base oil, an oil-soluble amine compound and a metal dithiocarbamate represented by the following general formula [I]: wherein M means zinc, copper, nickel, iron, cadmium, silver, lead, antimony, tin or bismuth, and R1, R2, R3 and R4 are, independently of each other, selected from lipophilic groups having 1-13 carbon atoms, the average number of carbon atoms of said four lipophilic groups exceeding 1, but being at most 4.
  • lubricating base oil useful in the practice of this invention.
  • Various kinds of the conventionally-known mineral oils and synthetic lubricating oils may be used.
  • the mineral oils may be mentioned light neutral oils, medium neutral oils, heavy neutral oils and bright stocks.
  • the synthetic lubricating oils may be mentioned poly- ⁇ -olefins, polybutene, alkylbenzenes, polyol esters and esters of dibasic acids. These base oils may be used either singly or in any combination thereof.
  • the metal dithiocarbamate (M-DTC) useful in the practice of this invention is a short-chain M-DTC represented by the general formula [I].
  • the short-chain M-DTC includes various salts ranging from those whose four lipophilic groups are all equal to each other to those whose four lipophilic groups are all different from each other. These short-chain M-DTCs may be used either singly or in any combination thereof.
  • exemplary lipophilic groups may be mentioned alkyl groups, aryl groups, alkylaryl groups or arylalkyl groups, and the like.
  • metal atom may be mentioned zinc, copper, nickel, iron, cadmium, silver, lead, antimony, tin and bismuth.
  • the average number of carbon atoms of the four lipophilic groups in this short-chain M-DTC is 1 (if all the lipophilic groups are methyl groups), a uniform lubricating oil composition can not be obtained even when such a compound is combined with the oil-soluble amine compound because its solubility in the lubricating oil is poor.
  • the M-DTC exhibits its function when it is adsorbed on the surface of a metal. Therefore, if it is dissolved excessively, it can not be expected that the salt shows a sufficient effect. However, the salt is no good unless dissolved.
  • the lower limit of the average number of carbon atoms of the lipophilic groups is preferably at least 2 from the viewpoint of both solubility and function such as anti-wear properties.
  • the average number of carbon atoms of the four lipophilic groups in the M-DTC exceeds 4, it has good solubility in lubricating oils, but the anti-wear properties of the resulting lubricating oil composition is deteriorated.
  • Such a salt can not be used as an additive substitutable for Zn-DTP.
  • the upper limit of the average number of carbon atoms of the lipophilic groups is preferably at most 3 from the viewpoint of function such as anti-wear properties.
  • the short-chain M-DTC is preferably such that all the four lipophilic groups have the same number of carbon atoms, with an M-DTC whose four lipophilic groups are all alkyl groups having 2 or 3 carbon atoms being particularly preferred.
  • the metal atom (M) is preferably zinc from the viewpoint of easy availability and function such as anti-wear properties.
  • the short-chain M-DTC can be synthesized in accordance with the conventionally-known methods.
  • zinc diethyldithiocarbamate can be synthesized by reacting diethylamine, carbon disulfide and sodium hydroxide with each other to prepare sodium diethylthiocarbamate and then reacting zinc nitrate with this product.
  • oil-soluble amine compound useful in the practice of this invention, may be mentioned ashless detergent-dispersants based on a polyalkenylsuccinimide, alkylbenzylamine or the like, alkylamines, alkyldiamines, and alkylpolyamines.
  • polyalkenylsuccinimide-based, ashless detergent-dispersants examples include those obtained by reacting polybutenylsuccinic anhydride with a polyamine such as a polyethylene polyamine.
  • the above-described short-chain M-DTC is very low in solubility in lubricating oils. Therefore, it can not be used as a lubricating oil additive by itself. However, when it is combined with the oil-soluble amine compound, its solubility in lubricating oils is improved. In addition, the combination system exhibits excellent anti-wear function identical with Zn-DTP, and also reduces the coefficient of friction of the resulting lubricating oil composition. Further, the combination system contains no phosphorus and hence does not poisons catalysts for exhaust emission control devices and oxygen sensors in automobiles.
  • the improvement in the solubility of the short-chain M-DTC is considered to be owing to the formation of a complex of the short-chain M-DTC and the oil-soluble amine compound. Namely, it is considered that the metal atom (M) in the short-chain M-DTC forms a coordinate bond with the nitrogen atom (N) in the oil-soluble amine compound to form the complex, so that the short-chain M-DTC turns oil-soluble by action of a long lipophilic group in the oil-soluble amine compound.
  • the mixing proportion of the short-chain M-DTC in the lubricating oil composition is generally 0.05-1.5 wt.%, preferably 0.2-0.8 wt.%. If the mixing proportion of the short-chain M-DTC is too low, its anti-wear effect becomes insufficient. If the proportion is too high, its dissolution becomes insufficient.
  • the mixing proportion of the oil-soluble amine compound is generally 0.1-10 wt.%, preferably 0.2-5 wt.%. If the mixing proportion of the oil-soluble amine compound is too low, the solubility of the short-chain M-DTC becomes insufficient. If the proportion is too high, the anti-wear properties of the resultant lubricating oil composition may be reduced on the contrary.
  • the short-chain M-DTC and the oil-soluble amine compound may be mixed separately into a lubricating oil to form their complex in the lubricating oil, it is preferable that the complex of both compounds should be preformed before they are added to the lubricating oil because the short-chain M-DTC can be dissolved in the lubricating oil with ease to obtain a uniform lubricating oil composition.
  • the preformation of the complex of the short-chain M-DTC with the oil-soluble amine compound is preferably conducted by a method in which both compounds are added to a lubricating base oil in proportions to give high concentrations, and the resulting mixture is then heated.
  • a mineral oil containing 2-7 wt.% of the short-chain M-DTC and 5-25 wt.% of the ashless detergent-dispersant is stirred for preferably 1-60 minutes, more preferably 1-30 minutes at preferably 40-200°C, more preferably 60-180°C, both compounds form a complex with each other to dissolve uniformly in the mineral oil.
  • the heating temperature becomes higher, the complex is formed in a shorter period of time into a uniform solution.
  • the thus-obtained solution of the complex in a high concentration is diluted with the lubricating base oil, thereby permitting the easy provision of a uniform lubricating oil composition with both compounds contained in desired proportions therein.
  • the lubricating oil compositions according to the present invention are used as lubricating oils led by engine oils for automobiles and including gear oils, trans-axle oils, hydraulic fluids, spindle oils, machine oils and the like, said lubricating oils all requiring anti-wear properties, good friction characteristics or oxidation resistance.
  • anti-wear agents friction modifier, ashless detergent-dispersants, anti-oxidants, metal detergents, viscosity index improver, pour point depressants, rust preventives, defoaming agents, corrosion inhibitors, etc.
  • ashless detergent-dispersants anti-oxidants
  • metal detergents metal detergents
  • viscosity index improver e.g., kaolin, kaolin, kaolin, kaolin, kaolin, etc.
  • rust preventives e.g., rust preventives, defoaming agents, corrosion inhibitors, etc.
  • anti-wear agents may be mentioned metal salts (Zn, Pb, Sb, Mo, etc.) of dithiophosphoric acid, oil-soluble metal salts (Zn, Pb, Sb, Mo, etc.) of dithiocarbamic acid, sulfur compounds, phosphate esters, phosphite esters, phosphate ester amine salts and phosphite ester amine salts. These additives are generally used in a proportion of 0.05-5.0 wt.%.
  • friction modifier examples include amine-, phosphate ester-, molybdenum- and alcohol-based agents. These agents are generally used in a proportion of 0.05-5.0 wt.%.
  • ashless detergent-dispersants examples include succinimide-, succinamide-, benzylamine- and ester-based, ashless dispersants. These dispersants are generally used in a proportion of 0.5-7.0 wt.%.
  • antioxidants may be mentioned amine-based antioxidants such as alkylated diphenylamines, phenyl- ⁇ -naphthylamines and alkylated- ⁇ -naphthylamines, and phenol-based antioxidants such as 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol and 4,4'-methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol). These antioxidants are generally used in a proportion of 0.05-2.0 wt.%.
  • metal detergents examples include Ca sulfonate, Mg sulfonate, Ba sulfonate, Ca phenate and Ba phenate. These detergents are generally used in a proportion of 0.1-5.0 wt.%.
  • viscosity index improver examples may be mentioned polymethacrylate-, polyisobutylene-, ethylene-propylene copolymer- and hydrogenated styrene-butadiene copolymer-based viscosity index improvers. These viscosity index improvers are generally used in a proportion of 5-35 wt.%.
  • rust preventives may be mentioned alkenylsuccinic acids and their partial esters.
  • defoaming agents may be mentioned dimethyl polysiloxane and polyacrylates.
  • the lubricating oil compositions according to the present invention can be provided as phosphorus-free products without adding any phosphorus-containing compound such as Zn-DTP. As with the lubricating oil composition making use of Zn-DTP, they can exhibit excellent anti-wear properties, and moreover reduce the coefficient of friction.
  • the combined use of the combination system according to this invention with the conventional Zn-DTP can reduce the proportion of the Zn-DTP to be used to a significant extent and can hence provide lubricating oil compositions containing far less phosphorus than the conventionally-known compositions.
  • an oil-soluble M-DTC whose lipophilic groups have at least 5 carbon atoms on the average may be further added to the lubricating oil compositions according to this invention.
  • the lubricating oil compositions according to the present invention have as good anti-wear properties, extreme-pressure characteristics, oxidation stability, coking resistance and the like as those principally containing Zn-DTP and are lower in coefficient of friction than such compositions.
  • reasons why the lubricating oil compositions according to this invention show excellent anti-wear properties may be mentioned, for example, the following reasons: (1) since the size of the lipophilic groups of the short-chain M-DTC is small compared with that of the conventional long-chain M-DTC whose lipophilic groups have at least 5 carbon atoms on the average, an occupied area per molecule is narrow, and it is hence easy to be adsorbed in a high density on the surface of a metal; (2) since the number of moles per weight is great, its adsorbing rate on the metal surface is high; and (3) since its lipophilic groups are short and its thermal decomposition temperature is hence low, it is easy to decompose under frictional heat to form a reaction film on the metal
  • Portions of each of these mixtures were diluted with the same base oil as that first used in such a manner that the content of the Zn-DTC was 0.5 wt.% (content of the commercially-available succinimide-based dispersant: 3.0 wt.%) or 1.0 wt.% (content of the commercially-available succinimide-based dispersant: 6.0 wt.%), thereby obtaining respective lubricating oil compositions.
  • lubricating oil compositions were also prepared by separately using, as oil-soluble amine compounds, benzylamine, an alkylamine and an alkyldiamine.
  • lubricating oil compositions prepared in the same manner as described above except that the complex-forming treatment with the oil-soluble amine compound was not conducted in advance (Run Nos. 1, 6, 9 and 13).
  • lubricating oil compositions were also prepared in the same manner as described above except that both short-chain Zn-DTC and oil-soluble amine compound were used, but the complex-forming treatment was not conducted (Run Nos. 11-12).
  • the base oils and additives used are as follows:
  • Mineral oil 100-SN Mineral oil (100 neutral mineral oil).
  • Synthetic oil Mixed oil composed of 80 wt.% of a poly- ⁇ -olefin and 20 wt.% of diisodecyl adipate.
  • n-C3 Zinc di-n-propyldithiocarbamate.
  • n-C4 Zinc di-n-butyldithiocarbamate.
  • Succinimide Commercially-available polybutenyl-succinimide-based dispersant.
  • Benzylamine Commercially-available polybutenyl-benzylamine-based dispersant.
  • Alkylamine Oleylamine.
  • Alkyldiamine N-Beef tallow-alkyl trimethylenediamine.
  • each of the lubricating oil compositions prepared by diluting with the respective base oils was visually observed right after the preparation (right after the mixing) and upon elapsed time of 4 weeks after the preparation.
  • the solubility of each Zn-DTC was evaluated in accordance with the following standard of 3 ranks:
  • the Zn-DTCs whose lipophilic groups each have at most 4 carbon atoms are hardly soluble in the base oil, but are improved in solubility by forming respective complexes with the oil-soluble amine compounds. Their storage stability also becomes good.
  • Zinc di-n-butylditiocarbamate whose lipophilic groups each have 4 carbon atoms is soluble in the base oil even by itself if it is dissolved in a small amount. However, its solution clouds upon elapsed time of 4 weeks after its preparation, and its uniformity is impaired (Run No. 9). However, its combined use with the oil-soluble amine compound permits the improvement in solubility without conducting the complex-forming treatment (heating treatment in a high concentration) in advance, and it hence dissolves uniformly even in a high concentration (Run No. 12).
  • a Shell four-ball test for anti-wear properties was conducted to evaluate their anti-wear properties.
  • the results are shown in Table 2.
  • the lubricating oil compositions to be tested were each prepared by adding Zn-DTP or Zn-DTC to a mineral oil or synthetic oil and then blending further 4.0 wt.% of a commercially-available viscosity index improver (polyalkylmethacrylate).
  • the mineral oil and synthetic oil were the same as those used in Example 1.
  • the respective Zn-DTCs whose lipophilic groups each have 2, 3 and 4 carbon atoms, respectively, were subjected to the complex-forming treatment with succinimide in a high concentration (heating treatment in a high concentration) in advance and then used (Run Nos. 19-23, 27, 28).
  • the term "Added amount of active ingredient” means the proportion of Zn-DTP or Zn-DTC as a anti-wear agent in the mineral oil composition.
  • the contents of the ashless detergent-dispersant (succinimide) in the mineral oil compositions were each controlled to give a concentration of 3.0 wt.% in the form of a commercially-available additive. In Run No.
  • the Zn-DTC whose lipophilic groups each have 2 carbon atoms was subjected to the complex-forming treatment with the alkyldiamine like Run No. 5 and then used.
  • the alkyldiamine was prepared to be 0.66 wt.%.
  • the lubricating oil compositions (Run Nos. 19-24, 27-28) according to the present invention have excellent anti-wear properties substantially equal to that of the lubricating oil compositions containing the commonly used Zn-DTP and show better coefficients of friction than those thereof. They are also far excellent in anti-wear properties compared with the lubricating oil compositions containing the commercially-available Zn-DTC.
  • lubricating oil compositions according to the present invention a critical load upon seizing was measured by a Shell four-ball test for extreme-pressure characteristics to evaluate their extreme-pressure characteristics. The results are shown in Table 3.
  • the lubricating oil compositions to be tested were each prepared by adding Zn-DTP or Zn-DTC to a mineral oil and then blending further 4.0 wt.% of a commercially-available viscosity index improver (polyalkylmethacrylate).
  • the mineral oil as described above was used as a lubricating base oil.
  • the Zn-DTCs whose lipophilic groups each have 2 and 4 carbon atoms, respectively, were subjected to the complex-forming treatment with succinimide in a high concentration (heating treatment in a high concentration) in advance and then used.
  • the term "Added amount of active ingredient” means the proportion of Zn-DTP or Zn-DTC as a anti-wear agent in the mineral oil composition.
  • the contents of the ashless detergent-dispersant (succinimide) in the mineral oil compositions were each controlled to give a concentration of 3.0 wt.%.
  • the lubricating oil compositions (Run Nos. 32-33) according to the present invention have extreme-pressure characteristics identical with or better than the lubricating oil composition containing the commonly used Zn-DTP.
  • lubricating oil compositions according to the present invention coking resistance and oxidation stability were evaluated.
  • the lubricating oil compositions to be tested were each prepared by adding Zn-DTP or Zn-DTC and a phenol-based antioxidant (only Run Nos. 38, 39) to a mineral oil and then blending further 4.0 wt.% of a commercially-available viscosity index improver (polyalkylmethacrylate).
  • the mineral oil as described above was used as a lubricating base oil.
  • the Zn-DTCs whose lipophilic groups each have 2 and 4 carbon atoms, respectively, were subjected to the complex-forming treatment with succinimide in a high concentration in advance and then used.
  • the contents of the ashless detergent-dispersant (succinimide) in the mineral oil compositions were each controlled to give a concentration of 3.0 wt.%. Further, a metal detergent (overbased calcium sulfonate) was added in a proportion of 3.0 wt.%.
  • the corrosion of the metals is evaluated by visually observing the surface of each metal after testing and rating as "medium” where corrosion is recognized to a considerable extent, “slight” where corrosion is recognized to a slight extent and “none” where no corrosion is recognized.
  • Added amount means the proportion of Zn-DTP or Zn-DTC contained as an active ingredient in additives.
  • the lubricating oil compositions according to the present invention have excellent functions as to coking resistance and oxidation stability.
  • lubricating oil compositions which contain very little or no phosphorus and are excellent in anti-wear properties, extreme-pressure characteristics, friction characteristics, oxidation stability, coking resistance, and the like.
  • the lubricating oil compositions according to the present invention permit the solution of the problem of poisoning catalysts for exhaust emission control devices of automobiles, which is caused by phosphorus in Zn-DTP contained in the conventional engine oils, because they exhibit functions such as excellent anti-wear properties even when no Zn-DTP is used, or the amount of Zn-DTP to be used is highly reduced. Therefore, the lubricating oil compositions according to the present invention are suitably used, in particular, as lubricating oils for internal combustion engines of automobiles.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
EP19920917678 1991-08-05 1992-08-05 Lubricating oil composition Ceased EP0556404A4 (en)

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Cited By (9)

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EP0610045A1 (de) * 1993-02-01 1994-08-10 The Lubrizol Corporation Verwendung von Molybdän-dithiocarbamat als antiverschleissadditiv für die Keramic-/Metallgrenzfläche
EP0609623A1 (de) * 1992-12-21 1994-08-10 Oronite Japan Limited Wenig Phosphor enthaltende Motorölzusammensetzungen und Zusatzszusammensetzungen
EP0675192A1 (de) * 1994-03-28 1995-10-04 SKF Industrial Trading & Development Co, B.V. Verwendung von Bismuthverbindungen in Hochdruckschmierfettzusammensetzungen für Wälzlager mit erhöhter Lebensdauer
EP0737675A1 (de) * 1993-12-30 1996-10-16 Tonen Corporation Basisches metallsalz der dithiocarbaminsäure und besagtes salz enthaltende schmierölzusammensetzung
US5629272A (en) * 1991-08-09 1997-05-13 Oronite Japan Limited Low phosphorous engine oil compositions and additive compositions
US6090755A (en) * 1994-03-28 2000-07-18 Skf Industrial Trading & Development Company, B.V. Use of bismuth compounds in extreme pressure grease lubricant compositions for rolling bearing applications with extended service life
WO2001029157A2 (en) * 1999-10-19 2001-04-26 Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company Lubricant composition for diesel engines
US7767633B2 (en) 2005-11-14 2010-08-03 Chevron Oronite Company Llc Low sulfur and low phosphorus heavy duty diesel engine lubricating oil composition
EP2559748A1 (de) * 2011-08-19 2013-02-20 Infineum International Limited Schmierölzusammensetzung

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JPH08508993A (ja) * 1993-04-20 1996-09-24 インペリアル・ケミカル・インダストリーズ・ピーエルシー ビスマスジチオカルバメート類および潤滑剤用の添加剤としてのそれらの使用
JP2001187891A (ja) * 1995-04-21 2001-07-10 Hitachi Ltd 潤滑油組成物及び潤滑グリース組成物
FR2986801B1 (fr) * 2012-02-15 2014-09-05 Total Raffinage Marketing Compositions lubrifiantes pour transmissions
FR3009309B1 (fr) * 2013-08-02 2016-10-07 Total Marketing Services Compositions lubrifiantes pour transmissions

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Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5629272A (en) * 1991-08-09 1997-05-13 Oronite Japan Limited Low phosphorous engine oil compositions and additive compositions
EP0609623A1 (de) * 1992-12-21 1994-08-10 Oronite Japan Limited Wenig Phosphor enthaltende Motorölzusammensetzungen und Zusatzszusammensetzungen
EP0610045A1 (de) * 1993-02-01 1994-08-10 The Lubrizol Corporation Verwendung von Molybdän-dithiocarbamat als antiverschleissadditiv für die Keramic-/Metallgrenzfläche
EP0737675A4 (de) * 1993-12-30 1996-11-27
EP0737675A1 (de) * 1993-12-30 1996-10-16 Tonen Corporation Basisches metallsalz der dithiocarbaminsäure und besagtes salz enthaltende schmierölzusammensetzung
NL9400493A (nl) * 1994-03-28 1995-11-01 Skf Ind Trading & Dev Gebruik van bismut-verbindingen in vet-smeermiddel-samenstellingen voor hoge drukken voor wentellager-toepassingen met lange levensduur.
EP0675192A1 (de) * 1994-03-28 1995-10-04 SKF Industrial Trading & Development Co, B.V. Verwendung von Bismuthverbindungen in Hochdruckschmierfettzusammensetzungen für Wälzlager mit erhöhter Lebensdauer
US6090755A (en) * 1994-03-28 2000-07-18 Skf Industrial Trading & Development Company, B.V. Use of bismuth compounds in extreme pressure grease lubricant compositions for rolling bearing applications with extended service life
WO2001029157A2 (en) * 1999-10-19 2001-04-26 Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company Lubricant composition for diesel engines
WO2001029157A3 (en) * 1999-10-19 2001-11-01 Exxonmobil Res & Eng Co Lubricant composition for diesel engines
US7767633B2 (en) 2005-11-14 2010-08-03 Chevron Oronite Company Llc Low sulfur and low phosphorus heavy duty diesel engine lubricating oil composition
EP2559748A1 (de) * 2011-08-19 2013-02-20 Infineum International Limited Schmierölzusammensetzung
US10000719B2 (en) 2011-08-19 2018-06-19 Infineum International Limited Lubricating oil composition

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