EP0555640B1 - Appareil et bain électrochimique sans courant chauffé par micro-ondes - Google Patents

Appareil et bain électrochimique sans courant chauffé par micro-ondes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0555640B1
EP0555640B1 EP93100382A EP93100382A EP0555640B1 EP 0555640 B1 EP0555640 B1 EP 0555640B1 EP 93100382 A EP93100382 A EP 93100382A EP 93100382 A EP93100382 A EP 93100382A EP 0555640 B1 EP0555640 B1 EP 0555640B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bath
container
electromagnetic waves
screen
heating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93100382A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0555640A1 (fr
Inventor
Andreas Prof. Dr.-chem. rer. nat. habil.D Möbius
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LPW-ANLAGEN GmbH
Original Assignee
LPW-ANLAGEN GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19924203646 external-priority patent/DE4203646C1/de
Priority claimed from DE19924217220 external-priority patent/DE4217220C1/de
Application filed by LPW-ANLAGEN GmbH filed Critical LPW-ANLAGEN GmbH
Publication of EP0555640A1 publication Critical patent/EP0555640A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0555640B1 publication Critical patent/EP0555640B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D21/00—Processes for servicing or operating cells for electrolytic coating
    • C25D21/02—Heating or cooling

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a system for electroless surface treatment of objects arranged in an electrochemical bath, in particular for electroless electrodeposition of metals and of melt alloys on the surface of the objects.
  • Electroless electrochemical metal deposition is explained, for example, in "LPW paperback for electroplating” 1988, pp. 36 and 37.
  • Bad describes the aqueous solution of the chemical substances and electrolyte additives required for the deposition (cf. "LPW-Taschenbuch für Galvanotechnik” 1988, pp. 47 to 52).
  • the bath in which the separation takes place is located in a bath container.
  • Adherence is essential for the so-called operation of the bath, ie for the proper and sufficient separation as well as for the quality of the deposited surface layer, essential.
  • this includes setting and maintaining a deposition temperature which is dependent on the composition of the bath in a more or less narrow temperature range.
  • thermal energy must be supplied at least when the bath is started up and usually also when the bath is in operation.
  • the invention relates generally to these measures.
  • the heating takes place via electrical bath heaters and / or, more complexly, via heat exchangers in the form of heating coils and double-jacket container walls of the container which receives the bath, the heating coils or the double jacket - A heat transfer medium flows through the container walls.
  • the heat transfer from these radiators to the bathroom takes place by convection and / or heat conduction. This means long heating times when heating the bath, long and disturbing dead times with control or regulation of the bath temperature with the known negative influences on the result of the control or regulation. All this interferes with the electrochemical deposition. Local overheating of the bath in the area of the heat-emitting surfaces of the radiators is unavoidable at low bath temperatures and in particular can break up or destroy the organic electrolyte additives in the bath.
  • the invention is based on the technical problem of specifying a system of the type mentioned at the beginning, with which short heating-up times and a very precise control and / or regulation of the bath temperature is possible with currentless operation of the electrochemical bath, without local overheating.
  • the invention relates to a system for electroless surface treatment of objects arranged in an electrochemical bath, in particular for electroless electrodeposition of metals and metal alloys on the surface of the objects, with a container constructed from dielectric materials for holding the electrochemical bath, at least one antenna arrangement on the outside of the container in the region of the container walls and / or below the container base for emitting electromagnetic waves in the microwave range, preferably in the range from 1 to 3 GHz, for heating the bath in the bath container, a metallic shield for protecting the Environment of the bath against stray electromagnetic waves, a goods carrier provided in the bath being equipped for the objects to be coated with reflectors which reflect the electromagnetic waves ktieren, wherein at least one transmitter for the electromagnetic waves and the control and / or regulating devices for the transmitter is arranged outside the shield.
  • the invention teaches that the heating of the bath is carried out by electromagnetic waves which do not interfere with the electrochemical deposition, and that the bath temperature is controlled by selecting and / or adjusting the frequency and / or the intensity and / or the exposure time of the electromagnetic waves or is regulated.
  • the invention is based on the knowledge that the heating of a bath for the electroless electrodeposition of metals and metal alloys described above with electromagnetic waves is possible, namely in the bath itself and with short heating-up times and with very precise temperature control and / or temperature regulation. Local overheating in the area of hot surfaces of radiators is excluded due to the system.
  • the parameters for the heating with electromagnetic waves can be selected so that the electrochemical deposition is not disturbed. This is especially true when working with microwaves, as is common for heating food and beverages in the microwave. These parameters are the frequency or wavelength, the intensity (energy) of the electromagnetic waves and the exposure time. The appropriate parameters can easily be determined from case to case in the laboratory.
  • a systematic determination with subsequent standardization is also possible.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention teaches that a pool of criticality curves with the criticality as the ordinate and the frequency as the abscissa and the intensity as the curve family parameter or with the criticality as the ordinate and the intensity as the abscissa for a bath of a predetermined composition and intended purpose and a predetermined exposure time of the electromagnetic waves and the frequency is experimentally determined as a family of curves, the areas under a criticality curve define the area in which the electromagnetic waves at a given frequency or intensity Do not interfere with separation. It is within the scope of the invention not to determine a set of criticality curves for a given bath, but rather only to determine a single criticality curve.
  • the "criticality" parameter mentioned here indicates the point at which the electrochemical deposition is disturbed, ie no longer satisfies the specified quality parameters. For a given frequency, the criticality depends on the intensity of the electromagnetic waves, for a given intensity of the electromagnetic waves on their frequency and possibly also on the exposure time.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that microwave transmitters customary for heating food and beverages are used and the bath temperature is controlled or regulated by the antenna current and / or the on-time of these microwave transmitters. It goes without saying that efforts will be made to generate an intensity density of the electromagnetic waves that is as homogeneous as possible in the bath. That can e.g. B. happen by appropriate training or arrangement of the antennas for the radiation of the electromagnetic waves.
  • the invention can be implemented in various ways in terms of plant technology.
  • the shield preferably consists of a shielding jacket which surrounds the container and the antenna arrangement or the antenna arrangements.
  • the shield consists of a hood that surrounds the antenna assembly outside the container.
  • the shield expediently has a lid-like container closure.
  • the at least one transmitter of the electromagnetic waves is designed as a microwave transmitter which operates in the frequency range from 1 GHz to 3 GHz.
  • a microwave transmitter which is customary for heating food and beverages is expediently used as the transmitter.
  • the shield is additionally designed as a radiation protection shield for protecting the environment from electromagnetic radiation which is harmful to health.
  • the system shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is intended for the electrochemical deposition of metals and metal alloys on the surface of objects G to be coated.
  • the system includes a bath container 1, which receives the bath 2, in which the objects G to be coated are immersed. This will worked with a goods carrier 3 on which the objects to be coated G are attached or on which they are arranged.
  • a bath container 1 constructed of dielectric materials for receiving the bath, in the exemplary embodiment a plurality of antenna arrangements 4 for the radiation of the electromagnetic waves on the outside of the container in the region of the walls of the bath container 1.
  • a metallic shield 5 for protection is also seen the area around the bath against stray electromagnetic waves.
  • the transmitters 6 for the electromagnetic waves and the control and regulating devices 7 for the transmitters 6 are arranged outside the shield 5.
  • Transducer e.g. B. temperature sensors are located inside the bathroom, which was not drawn.
  • the shield 5 consists of a shielding jacket which surrounds the bath container 1 and the antenna arrangements 4. However, hoods could also be used.
  • the goods carrier 3 is equipped with reflectors 8 which reflect the electromagnetic waves. In this way, a potentially disturbing inductive heating of metallic objects whose surface is to be coated can be prevented. It goes without saying that the reflectors are arranged in practice so that the galvanic ion transport is not disturbed.
  • the arrangement of the transmitters 6 and / or reflectors 8 enables a very homogeneous distribution of the intensity of the electromagnetic waves in the bath 2 to be achieved.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Constitution Of High-Frequency Heating (AREA)
  • Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Installation pour le traitement superficiel sans courant d'objets placés dans un bain électrochimiques en particulier pour le dépôt électrochimique sans courant de métaux et d'alliages métalliques sur la surface des objets, comportant
    un réservoir (1), construit partir de matériaux diélectriques, destiné à recevoir le bain électrochimique (2),
    au moins un dispositif antenne (4), côté extérieur du réservoir dans la zone des parois de celui-ci et/ou au-dessous du fond du réservoir, pour l'émission d'ondes électromagnétiques dans la gamme des micro-ondes, de préférence dans la gamme de 1 à 3 GHz, pour le chauffage du bain (2) dans le réservoir (1) du bain,
    un écran métallique (5) pour la protection de l'environnement du bain (2) contre des ondes électromagnétiques vagabondes,
       dans laquelle un support de marchandises (3), prévu dans le bain (2), pour les objets recouvrir, est équipé de réflecteurs (8), qui réfléchissent les ondes électromagnétiques,
       dans laquelle un émetteur (6) au moins pour les ondes électromagnétiques ainsi que les dispositifs de commande et/ou de régulation (7) pour l'émetteur (6), sont placés à l'extérieur de l'écran (5).
  2. Installation selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle l'écran (5) est fait d'une enveloppe d'écran, qui entoure le réservoir (1) et le dispositif à antenne (4) ou les dispositifs à antenne (4).
  3. Installation selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle l'écran (5) est constitué d'un capot, qui entoure extérieurement le dispositif à antenne (4), côté réservoir.
  4. Installation selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, dans laquelle l'écran (5) comporte une fermeture de réservoir du type d'un couvercle.
  5. Installation selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, dans laquelle on utilise comme émetteur (6) un émetteur de micro-ondes usuel pour le chauffage d'aliments et de boissons.
  6. Installation selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, dans laquelle l'écran est conformé en supplément comme écran de protection contre les rayons, pour la protection de l'environnement contre un rayonnement électromagnétique constituant un risque pour la santé.
EP93100382A 1992-02-08 1993-01-13 Appareil et bain électrochimique sans courant chauffé par micro-ondes Expired - Lifetime EP0555640B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19924203646 DE4203646C1 (en) 1992-02-08 1992-02-08 Bath for electrochemical deposition of metal (alloys)
DE4203646 1992-02-08
DE4217220 1992-05-23
DE19924217220 DE4217220C1 (en) 1992-05-23 1992-05-23 Electrochemical surface treatment - with a separate precipitation zone screened from a microwave heating zone

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0555640A1 EP0555640A1 (fr) 1993-08-18
EP0555640B1 true EP0555640B1 (fr) 1997-04-16

Family

ID=25911665

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93100382A Expired - Lifetime EP0555640B1 (fr) 1992-02-08 1993-01-13 Appareil et bain électrochimique sans courant chauffé par micro-ondes

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP0555640B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE151821T1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19602182C2 (de) * 1996-01-23 1998-08-13 Technotrans Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur thermischen Prozessteuerung bei der elektrolytischen Beschichtung von Werkzeugen für die Herstellung von CD-Datenträgern
CN1109591C (zh) * 1998-01-12 2003-05-28 皇家菲利浦电子有限公司 电化学机械加工工件的方法和设备

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1993002224A1 (fr) * 1991-07-19 1993-02-04 The University Of Hull Recouvrement de substrats

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT45457B (de) * 1909-08-30 1910-12-27 Louis John Hunt Wechselstrom-Induktionsmotor.
DE3138072C1 (de) * 1981-09-24 1982-11-04 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Verfahren zum Aufheizen von Aluminierbaedern mit aprotischen Elektrolitsystemen
US4593169A (en) * 1984-03-05 1986-06-03 Thomas Perry W Water heater
FR2643829B1 (fr) * 1989-03-06 1994-04-01 Prolabo Appareil de reaction chimique par voie humide comportant une cheminee munie d'une barriere de propagation pour les micro-ondes
US5173169A (en) * 1991-05-08 1992-12-22 Aqua Dynamics Group Corp. Electroplating method and apparatus

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1993002224A1 (fr) * 1991-07-19 1993-02-04 The University Of Hull Recouvrement de substrats

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0555640A1 (fr) 1993-08-18
ATE151821T1 (de) 1997-05-15

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