EP0546359A1 - Procédé de dépôt par pulvérisation thermique avec refroidissement - Google Patents

Procédé de dépôt par pulvérisation thermique avec refroidissement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0546359A1
EP0546359A1 EP92119729A EP92119729A EP0546359A1 EP 0546359 A1 EP0546359 A1 EP 0546359A1 EP 92119729 A EP92119729 A EP 92119729A EP 92119729 A EP92119729 A EP 92119729A EP 0546359 A1 EP0546359 A1 EP 0546359A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
carbon dioxide
cooling
jet
expansion
nozzle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP92119729A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0546359B1 (fr
Inventor
Peter Dipl.-Ing. Heinrich (Fh)
Wolfgang Schmidtke
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Linde GmbH
Original Assignee
Linde GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Linde GmbH filed Critical Linde GmbH
Publication of EP0546359A1 publication Critical patent/EP0546359A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0546359B1 publication Critical patent/EP0546359B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
    • C23C4/134—Plasma spraying

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for coating a surface by means of a thermal spraying method, for example flame or high-speed flame spraying, arc or plasma spraying or detonation spraying, a jet of hot transport gas and molten material particles being directed onto the surface in question and adjacent to the spray jet is cooled with a cooling jet consisting essentially of carbon dioxide containing cold gas and snow particles.
  • a thermal spraying method for example flame or high-speed flame spraying, arc or plasma spraying or detonation spraying
  • a jet of hot transport gas and molten material particles being directed onto the surface in question and adjacent to the spray jet is cooled with a cooling jet consisting essentially of carbon dioxide containing cold gas and snow particles.
  • EP-PS 0 263 469 in which likewise a cooling jet produced from liquid C0 2 , but mixed, consisting of C0 2 gas, C0 2 snow and other gases, for example helium and / or Hydrogen is used to cool the thermally sprayed surfaces.
  • liquid carbon dioxide in which case the C0 2 is at ambient temperature and is under the condensing pressure
  • a special form of C0 2 supply must be guaranteed, namely one in which the carbon dioxide from the respective storage tanks in the liquid phase is applied.
  • the carbon dioxide which is in standard storage at 20 ° C with about 57 bar pressure in the associated storage tanks, can be removed from them by means of a riser pipe or in some other special way, ie the storage tanks must be provided with a liquid phase extraction.
  • the object of the present invention was therefore to provide a thermal spraying method with CO 2 cooling which avoids or eliminates the disadvantages described and in particular also enables the use of gaseous carbon dioxide.
  • the carbon dioxide content in the cooling jet is obtained from gaseous carbon dioxide which is at least under 45 bar pressure and in such a way that the carbon dioxide gas is initially largely closed via a narrow slot nozzle or other slot-like opening in a slot arranged around this expansion slot Expansion volume is expanded and starting from this expansion volume and its outlet opening, the cooling jet is formed and directed onto the surface to be cooled.
  • the type of expansion of the carbon dioxide gas according to the invention via a slot nozzle or the like into a closed expansion volume is essential for the function and effectiveness of the invention.
  • the slot nozzle with its elongated and, on the other hand, narrow cross-sectional opening namely generates an expansion gas jet with a surface which is substantially enlarged in comparison to an expansion gas jet originating from a round nozzle.
  • This increased surface area results in an increased interaction of the expansion gas jet with its surroundings, which - according to the further essential feature of the invention - is formed by an expansion volume in which, during operation, cold carbon dioxide gas is almost exclusively already expanded. Warmer ambient air therefore has no direct access to the expanded carbon dioxide.
  • DE-PS 36 24 787 shows a cooling and freezing probe for local cooling of human or animal body areas and - in a secondary aspect - also of electronic components, which is based on the principle described, but the cooling of the respective area from close proximity takes place and no long-range cooling gas jet, but a suitably guided cooling gas flow is formed.
  • the transfer, adaptation and modified application according to the present invention is not obvious.
  • a subsequent and / or previous cooling jet leading to the spray jet primarily protects temperature-sensitive spray material or heat-sensitive workpieces from overheating. With thermal spray processes cooled in the manner described, however, an increase in performance is generally possible compared to uncooled spray processes.
  • the method according to the invention is finally carried out in an advantageous manner with an expansion nozzle which has an inner tube 6 with a closing slot nozzle which can be connected to a CO 2 gas source, and an outer tube 9 which envelops the inner tube at the end of the slot nozzle and projects significantly beyond it and forms the expansion volume.
  • an expansion nozzle which has an inner tube 6 with a closing slot nozzle which can be connected to a CO 2 gas source, and an outer tube 9 which envelops the inner tube at the end of the slot nozzle and projects significantly beyond it and forms the expansion volume.
  • a distance from the workpiece of at least approximately 3 cm is advantageously maintained in process operation in order to obtain a favorable process function.
  • a standard C02 supply is assumed, that is, for example, a medium or high-pressure tank for C02 that is at ambient temperature. Normally, this contains both liquid and gaseous CO 2 at a pressure of approx. 57 bar in equilibrium.
  • the carbon dioxide gas under this pressure is then expanded into a limited expansion volume via a very narrow, slit-like nozzle with a longitudinal extension of a few millimeters. In this way, the expansion volume formed, for example, by a tube is produced on the output side a relatively narrow and less turbulent jet of cold C02 gas and snow, which is particularly suitable for cooling during thermal spraying processes.
  • the applicant has determined that an even higher and more advantageous cooling effect of the cooling jet formed as described can be obtained by starting from a carbon dioxide gas with a pressure of more than 65 bar, preferably 70 to 80 bar.
  • a carbon dioxide gas with a pressure of more than 65 bar, preferably 70 to 80 bar.
  • special precautions must be taken, as - as described above - C0 2 is only available in standard storage tanks at around 57 bar.
  • said higher pressures are produced by heating the gas storage device together with its contents and thus by generating a higher vapor pressure of the liquid CO 2 or that the pressure increase is generated by a pump connected downstream of the storage device.
  • a storage container is particularly advantageously heated, for example, by arranging an electrical heating conductor in it.
  • Containers equipped with heating conductors are also available since such heating devices are provided in any case when large quantities of CO 2 gas are provided in the associated storage containers.
  • This circumstance therefore accommodates the "high-pressure variant" of the invention, and a suitably equipped storage tank with, for example, pressure-sensitive heating control can supply said pressures above 65 bar without any problems.
  • a particularly effective cooling jet is formed with this method variant, the effect of which lies in the relatively high proportion of snow in the jet.
  • FIG. 1 now shows a thermal spraying process, for example a flame spraying or high-speed flame spraying process operated with fuel gas and transport gas. Shown is a spray nozzle 1, as well as an expansion nozzle 2 and a workpiece 3. To apply the surface layer, the workpiece shown, namely a shaft 3, is rotated according to arrow 4 and the spray jet of the spray nozzle 1 is directed approximately perpendicularly onto its surface. For example, a wear-resistant layer containing tungsten carbide can be applied, the flame spray nozzle 1 and the coolant nozzle 2 being coupled, aligned in parallel and advanced according to arrow 5 along a parallel to the workpiece surface.
  • the expansion nozzle follows the spray nozzle at a constant distance of approx.
  • the coolant used here is, in particular, pure carbon dioxide or - if a particularly high cooling capacity is required - also mixtures of carbon dioxide together with helium and / or hydrogen according to EP-PS 0 263 469, the admixing gases preferably only directly in the impingement area of the coolant jet 2 ' be mixed on the workpiece.
  • FIG. 2 shows one of the possible expansion nozzles for carrying out the method according to the invention in section. This is composed of an inner tube 6 with a closing slot nozzle 7, as well as an outer tube 9 enveloping the inner tube at the end, forming the expansion volume 8, which is open at its end facing away from the expansion nozzle 7.
  • FIG. 3 shows a front view of the expansion nozzle shown in FIG. 2, likewise in a sectional view along the section line S in FIG. 2.
  • gaseous carbon dioxide with a pressure of preferably more than 65 bar is now supplied to this nozzle and in particular the inner tube 6 therein and into the Expansion channel 8 relaxed into it.
  • the relaxation process arise in particular due to the formation of a vacuum behind the slot nozzle 7 C0 2 cold gas and a proportion of snow particles, and so there is a mixture of cold gas and snow in the expansion volume 8, which leaves the expansion nozzle through the outlet opening 10 of the outer tube 9 and onto the workpiece is directed.
  • Such an expansion nozzle is to be dimensioned according to the desired throughput.
  • a coolant nozzle of the type shown which is suitable for common flame spraying processes, has, for example, an inner diameter D (see FIG. 2) of 3 mm with respect to the outer tube 9 and thus - according to the length dimension to be maintained - a protruding length L of, for example, 15 mm.
  • Another size that is important in relation to the invention is the opening width of the slot nozzle of the inner tube. This is generally between 0.1 and 0.4 mm and advantageously. After opening the basic size of the expansion nozzle, ie after selecting the diameter for the inner or outer tube, this opening width is in the narrower sense decisive for the flow of C0 2 gas.
EP92119729A 1991-12-12 1992-11-19 Procédé de dépôt par pulvérisation thermique avec refroidissement Expired - Lifetime EP0546359B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4141020 1991-12-12
DE4141020A DE4141020A1 (de) 1991-12-12 1991-12-12 Verfahren zum beschichten einer oberflaeche mittels einer thermischen spritzmethode mit nachfolgender kuehlung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0546359A1 true EP0546359A1 (fr) 1993-06-16
EP0546359B1 EP0546359B1 (fr) 1995-06-21

Family

ID=6446903

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92119729A Expired - Lifetime EP0546359B1 (fr) 1991-12-12 1992-11-19 Procédé de dépôt par pulvérisation thermique avec refroidissement

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0546359B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE124095T1 (fr)
CZ (1) CZ282673B6 (fr)
DE (2) DE4141020A1 (fr)
SK (1) SK282340B6 (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0721801A1 (fr) * 1994-12-15 1996-07-17 Hughes Aircraft Company Buse de pulvérisation de CO2 à ouvertures multiples
EP0872563A1 (fr) * 1997-04-28 1998-10-21 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Dispositif et procédé de traitement thermique
FR2808808A1 (fr) * 2000-05-10 2001-11-16 Air Liquide Projection de titane sur prothese medicale avec refroidissement par co2 ou argon
EP2060652A1 (fr) * 2006-08-14 2009-05-20 Nakayama Steel Works, Ltd. Procédé et dispositif de formage de film de revêtement amorphe
EP2116627A2 (fr) 2008-05-05 2009-11-11 United Technologies Corporation Refroidissement de pièce par projection
EP3090855A1 (fr) 2015-05-04 2016-11-09 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de refroidissement d'un moule ou de zones de celui-ci

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4204896C2 (de) * 1992-02-19 1995-07-06 Tridelta Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Schichtverbundkörpers
DE4326518A1 (de) * 1993-08-06 1995-02-09 Linde Ag Verfahren zur spanenden Bearbeitung von kunststofflichen Werkstücken
DE19611735A1 (de) * 1996-03-25 1997-10-02 Air Liquide Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur thermischen Bearbeitung eines Substrats
DE19947823A1 (de) 1999-10-05 2001-04-12 Linde Gas Ag Expansionskühldüse
JP5260847B2 (ja) * 2006-08-14 2013-08-14 株式会社中山製鋼所 過冷却液相金属皮膜の形成用溶射装置および過冷却液相金属皮膜の製造方法
JP5260878B2 (ja) * 2007-01-17 2013-08-14 株式会社中山製鋼所 溶射によるアモルファス皮膜の形成方法
DE102007012084A1 (de) 2007-03-13 2008-09-18 Linde Ag Verfahren zum thermischen Trennen und Fügen
DE102008006495A1 (de) 2008-01-29 2009-07-30 Behr-Hella Thermocontrol Gmbh Schaltungsträger, insbesondere Leiterkarte für elektrische Schaltungen
DE102008009106B4 (de) 2008-02-14 2010-04-08 Behr-Hella Thermocontrol Gmbh Leiterkarte für elektrische Schaltungen
DE102013107400B4 (de) * 2013-07-12 2017-08-10 Ks Huayu Alutech Gmbh Verfahren zur Entfernung des Oversprays eines thermischen Spritzbrenners

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2545951A (en) * 1946-04-24 1951-03-20 Specialties Dev Corp Discharging fire-extinguishing media
US2603299A (en) * 1952-07-15 Electrostatic charge protected
US3254506A (en) * 1964-03-02 1966-06-07 Johnson Co Gordon Carbon dioxide freezing apparatus and method
EP0375914A1 (fr) * 1988-12-30 1990-07-04 URANIT GmbH Procédé pour le revêtement de matériaux composites contenant des fibres

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2603299A (en) * 1952-07-15 Electrostatic charge protected
US2545951A (en) * 1946-04-24 1951-03-20 Specialties Dev Corp Discharging fire-extinguishing media
US3254506A (en) * 1964-03-02 1966-06-07 Johnson Co Gordon Carbon dioxide freezing apparatus and method
EP0375914A1 (fr) * 1988-12-30 1990-07-04 URANIT GmbH Procédé pour le revêtement de matériaux composites contenant des fibres

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0721801A1 (fr) * 1994-12-15 1996-07-17 Hughes Aircraft Company Buse de pulvérisation de CO2 à ouvertures multiples
EP0872563A1 (fr) * 1997-04-28 1998-10-21 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Dispositif et procédé de traitement thermique
FR2762667A1 (fr) * 1997-04-28 1998-10-30 Air Liquide Dispositif et procede de traitement thermique
US5989647A (en) * 1997-04-28 1999-11-23 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Heat-treatment device and process
FR2808808A1 (fr) * 2000-05-10 2001-11-16 Air Liquide Projection de titane sur prothese medicale avec refroidissement par co2 ou argon
EP2060652A1 (fr) * 2006-08-14 2009-05-20 Nakayama Steel Works, Ltd. Procédé et dispositif de formage de film de revêtement amorphe
EP2060652A4 (fr) * 2006-08-14 2010-11-17 Nakayama Steel Works Ltd Procédé et dispositif de formage de film de revêtement amorphe
EP2116627A2 (fr) 2008-05-05 2009-11-11 United Technologies Corporation Refroidissement de pièce par projection
EP2116627A3 (fr) * 2008-05-05 2010-04-28 United Technologies Corporation Refroidissement de pièce par projection
EP3090855A1 (fr) 2015-05-04 2016-11-09 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Procédé de refroidissement d'un moule ou de zones de celui-ci

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SK350392A3 (en) 1996-06-05
SK282340B6 (sk) 2002-01-07
CZ350392A3 (en) 1993-08-11
DE4141020A1 (de) 1993-06-17
DE59202611D1 (de) 1995-07-27
EP0546359B1 (fr) 1995-06-21
CZ282673B6 (cs) 1997-08-13
ATE124095T1 (de) 1995-07-15

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