EP0546128B1 - Injektionsrohr und verfahren zum setzen eines gebirgsankers - Google Patents

Injektionsrohr und verfahren zum setzen eines gebirgsankers Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0546128B1
EP0546128B1 EP92911316A EP92911316A EP0546128B1 EP 0546128 B1 EP0546128 B1 EP 0546128B1 EP 92911316 A EP92911316 A EP 92911316A EP 92911316 A EP92911316 A EP 92911316A EP 0546128 B1 EP0546128 B1 EP 0546128B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
injection
bore
anchor rod
anchor
valve
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP92911316A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0546128A1 (de
Inventor
Heinz Gruber
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GD-ANKER GmbH
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GD-ANKER GmbH
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Publication date
Priority claimed from DE4128154A external-priority patent/DE4128154C2/de
Application filed by GD-ANKER GmbH filed Critical GD-ANKER GmbH
Publication of EP0546128A1 publication Critical patent/EP0546128A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0546128B1 publication Critical patent/EP0546128B1/de
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
    • E21D20/02—Setting anchoring-bolts with provisions for grouting
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
    • E02D5/76—Anchorings for bulkheads or sections thereof in as much as specially adapted therefor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an injection pipe according to claim 1. It also relates to a method for setting a rock bolt according to claim 22.
  • Injection drill anchors are known as such. Structurally they correspond essentially to boring bars or injection pipes which are used immediately after the drilling of the rock as a rock anchor and consequently remain within the drilling as a lost tool.
  • an injection drill anchor which consists of at least one anchor rod section provided with an external thread over its entire length there is, at one end of the borehole bottom, a plate-like drill bit radially projecting beyond the anchor rod section and provided with cutting edges is welded.
  • a longitudinal channel axially extending through the anchor rod section ends in the area of the drill bit in an axial flushing bore, with further crossbores serving for flushing purposes being provided in an area immediately adjacent to the drill bit.
  • Such an injection drilling anchor is fundamentally suitable for drilling holes and then placing rock anchors, whereby a hole is first created using a suitable flushing medium, which flushing medium emerges through the flushing hole of the drill head and the above-mentioned cross holes, which picks up rock that is loosened as a result of the drilling process and rinses towards the mouth of the borehole.
  • the longitudinal channel is then used in connection with the transverse bores to introduce a hardenable medium, e.g. a mortar suspension, which in the area of the drill head enters the annular space between the outside of the anchor rod section and the inside of the borehole and this, from the bottom of the borehole to its mouth progressively filled in.
  • a hardenable medium e.g. a mortar suspension
  • Rock anchors are known to be used in tunnel and tunnel construction to stabilize cavity walls and are also used to secure slopes. Their mode of operation is essentially based on the production of a bond between the rock layers which follow one another in the longitudinal direction of the anchor. Stabilization is difficult in all cases in which the layers to be joined together are to be regarded as low in cohesion, so that special measures are always required to achieve reliable anchoring.
  • an injection pipe which is designed as a drill pipe and is equipped at its end facing a drill tip with a plurality of injection valves having lateral outlet openings.
  • the outside of the drill pipe is partially provided with a conveying helix and at its end facing away from the drill tip with a coupling member which enables the attachment of extension rods.
  • the longitudinal channel defined by the drill pipe is continued via outlet bores in the area of the drill head, so that drilling can be carried out using a flushing medium.
  • a mortar suspension is introduced over this drill pipe, which, among other things, exits laterally via the injection valves and penetrates the surrounding soil in this area.
  • a rod-shaped tie rod is inserted into the actual drill pipe, which is in turn fixed in place using a mortar suspension.
  • a similar injection tube is known from AT-A-361 857, which consists of a tubular body which is sealed on the borehole bottom side via a cover, which in turn has several is equipped axially with spaced injection valves and is otherwise profiled inside and outside thread-like.
  • the compression valves are formed by smooth-walled pipe sections with cross bores, which are surrounded on the outside by an elastically deformable sleeve.
  • the injection tube is equipped to accommodate several rod-like anchor elements as well as a centrally located injection hose.
  • cement milk is in turn pressed out laterally via the compression valves, which penetrates adjacent soil formations and forms consolidation zones which serve to improve the anchoring.
  • cement milk residues remaining within the injection tube are rinsed out and anchor elements are inserted which protrude from the injection tube at the upper end and which are in turn fixed within the injection tube by means of inserted cement milk.
  • the pipe section used is equipped with a check valve, which allows an outflow transversely from the central longitudinal channel, but blocks a backflow.
  • This check valve is intended to be used to hydraulically burst open the mortar body surrounding the pipe section in the area of this compression valve after the initial introduction of mortar into the borehole and in accordance with the supply pressure to expand the mortar suspension or other hardenable medium in terms of volume.
  • the aim is to subsequently expand the mountain area, which is penetrated by the mortar suspension and thus contribute to the bond between the rock and the injection pipe, or to the consolidation and stabilization of the rock. This results in an anchoring effect comparable to an expansion dowel, which can be spatially expanded to a high degree in accordance with the supply pressure of the mortar suspension and the nature of the surrounding mountains.
  • the injection pipe is designed in the manner of an injection drill anchor and equipped with a drill bit on the bottom of the drill hole.
  • This is the essential, but not exclusive, application of the subject matter of the invention.
  • the use of compression valves according to the above explanations naturally presupposes that after an initial filling of the drilled hole with a mortar suspension using the injection drill anchor located within the same, the already existing outlet openings of the drill head and the area of the anchor rod section near the drill head can be blocked. This can be done, for example, by inserting a displacement body, by inserting it into the longitudinal channel within the same, after filling the borehole, existing mortar suspension is displaced through the outlet openings mentioned and transferred into the mountains.
  • This displacement body then remains within the longitudinal channel and is inserted into it so far that in each case the compression valves are exposed on the inside.
  • injection drill anchors Its essential feature is at least one valve assigned to the outlet openings of the drill bit and the area of the anchor rod section near the drill bit, which is inserted into the longitudinal channel and is designed in the manner of a check valve.
  • two valves or groups of valves are located in the area adjacent to the drilling base, namely the compression valves already mentioned on the one hand and the valves assigned to the outlet openings, inter alia, of the drill bit. Both valves differ in their preload and never function at the same time.
  • the pre-tensioning of the injection valves is such that they only open at a pressure sufficient for the subsequent injection, but not at the pressure under which the rinsing liquid is initially during drilling and the mortar suspension initially introduced to fill the borehole.
  • the valves associated with the drill bit or the area near the drill bit are therefore dimensioned such that they open at a pressure under which the flushing liquid or the initially introduced mortar suspension is located. It is therefore essential that the two groups of valves mentioned always open one after the other, namely during different work phases and thus never at the same time.
  • the training of both is also essential Types of valves in the manner of non-return valves, as a result of which a flowable medium flows through these valves in only one direction, namely out of the longitudinal channel into the surrounding mountain area.
  • the compression valve is preferably arranged only in an area adjacent to the drill bit. This can be, for example, an area starting from the drill bit of up to 50% of the length of the anchor rod section adjacent to the drill bit. In this way it is ensured that in particular the area adjacent to the bottom of the borehole experiences a spreading effect and thus a secure fixation in the surrounding mountains.
  • the compression valves are preferably arranged in such a length range - starting with the drill bit - that is at most 50% of the total length of the injection drill anchor or of the anchor rod section (s). This can be determined in individual cases in accordance with the found condition of the mountain strata to be connected.
  • claims 6 and 7 are directed to a particularly simple and inexpensive embodiment of the compression valves to be used, in particular check valves.
  • These valves can be placed anywhere along the anchor rod sections. They essentially exist from a hose section made of an elastic material, which is pushed over the anchor rod section and in its final assembly position sealingly covers a transverse bore.
  • the locking rings mentioned protrude radially beyond the hose section and secure its axial position, in particular during drilling.
  • the hose section can particularly advantageously consist of a fiber-reinforced rubber material or a material of comparable elasticity, which is in any case dimensioned such that the valves remain inoperative during the initial filling of the borehole, that is to say remain in the closed state.
  • the injection valves open only when the supply pressure is increased, a prior closing of the outlet openings of the drill head and other outlet bores used for flushing purposes being required, for example by means of a closure body.
  • a locking body is provided for each bore of the anchor rod section or the tubular element of the compression valve, which is held by the enveloping body in a position sealing the bores.
  • the enveloping body forms a return spring that holds the locking body in the closed position.
  • the blocking body as such can in principle have any shape and is designed, for example, as a ball, cone, truncated cone, etc. This design of a compression valve can be regarded as particularly reliable and in particular for very suitable for high pressures.
  • claims 9 and 10 are directed to different variants insofar as the blocking body can be designed as a component which is separate from the enveloping body or is integral or integral therewith.
  • claims 11 to 13 are directed to further embodiments of the locking body and the bore interacting with it. If a reinforcing insert is used, the locking body is very rigid, which can be advantageous at very high pressures.
  • the bore has an inwardly tapering shape and the locking body is adapted to this design. In this way, an easier insertion of the locking body into the bore results when the pressure is reduced.
  • the compression valve can be particularly advantageously designed as an intermediate element between two tubular elements, for example the tubular cylinders taking over the function of locking rings correspond structurally to anchor rods, so that a central tubular element which projects beyond the tubular cylinders on both sides can be used as a screw-in for connection to an anchor rod end.
  • This has the advantage that the pressing valve does not result in structural elements protruding from the anchor rod, after said envelope body is practically flush with the tubular cylinder or locking rings.
  • This comparatively “smooth" design of the anchor rods favors the outflow of a flushing liquid loaded with rock particles during the drilling operation.
  • the locking rings can be connected to the anchor rod section in accordance with the features of claims 14 and 15 either by screwing or welding.
  • the pressure prevailing during the flushing or the initial introduction of mortar within the longitudinal channel is less than 15 bar, while a pressure of more than 15 bar, in particular 60 bar to 100 bar, is required for the subsequent blowing up of the mortar.
  • the elasticity of the hose section of the compression valves mentioned is dimensioned in such a way that they only open at the increased supply pressure that is required to blow up the mortar, but remain in the blocked state below this pressure.
  • mortar suspension can subsequently be introduced into cracks and cracks formed in this way and further into the surrounding mountains.
  • the cohesion of the rock loosens it, so that the penetration area of the mortar and surrounding rock layers is widened.
  • a spreading anchoring area is formed which penetrates deeply into the surrounding mountains and forms a secure anchorage for the rock anchor.
  • a displacement element can be exerted on the still liquid mortar suspension by a displacement body inserted into the longitudinal channel and this can be displaced out into the surrounding mountains via the outlet openings in the area of the drill head. This displacement body then remains in the longitudinal channel, specifically in a position in which all outlet openings of the drill head or the region of the anchor rod section close to the drill head are closed.
  • a valve can also be provided in the area of the drill bit, specifically within the longitudinal channel, which is designed in the manner of a non-return valve, which valve is located upstream of the outlet openings of the drill head, which are used for flushing purposes designed such that it opens at the pressure at which the mortar suspension flows during the drilling operation and during the initial filling of the borehole. This is such a pressure at which the compression valves remain locked. If such a valve is used, the mortar suspension remaining within the longitudinal channel after the initial filling of the borehole is removed only by flushing, this valve remaining in the closed state, which requires a correspondingly low pressure of the flushing medium.
  • the process of multiple hydraulic sprinkling of the hardened mortar or other medium can analogously also be used for injection pipes, which are mainly used to consolidate rock by introducing mortar.
  • FIG. 1 denotes an injection drill anchor or a so-called self-drilling injection anchor, which in the exemplary embodiment shown is composed of the anchor rod sections 2, 3 and 4.
  • Each anchor rod section is covered in a known manner on the outside over its entire length with a round thread, which among other things, the improvement the form fit with a mortar or a other hardenable medium, eg synthetic resin, which otherwise fills a borehole.
  • connecting sleeves are designated, in which the ends of the opposite anchor rod sections are screwed and by which the cohesion of the anchor rod sections is ensured.
  • the connecting sleeves are designed as tubular bodies formed with inside and outside thread-like deformations and the connecting sleeve 5 is equipped with a plurality of spacers 7 in the form of round bars welded on the outside.
  • 8 a plate-like, in terms of diameter the anchor rod section 2 clearly superior, borehole side equipped with cross-cut bits is designated, which is welded to the anchor rod section 2.
  • the anchor rod sections 2, 3 and 4 and the drill bit 8 contain a central longitudinal channel extending in the direction of the axis 10, from which further continuous transverse channels can branch off in the area of the drill head.
  • transverse channels can also be provided in the area of the anchor rod section 2 near the drill head. Said channel and the transverse bores serve in a manner known per se during the creation of a bore to guide a flushing medium and after the bore has been created to introduce one Mortar suspension, a resin or a comparable curable other medium that is suitable for producing a composite between the injection anchor 1 on the one hand and the surrounding borehole walls on the other hand.
  • the front anchor rod section 2, which carries the drill bit 8, is equipped in the exemplary embodiment shown with two compression valves 11, which are of identical design to one another. These compression valves 11 are attached along an area 12 which, starting from the drill bit 8, is at most 50% of the total length of the injection drill anchor 1.
  • the compression valves 11, which are of identical design are designed in such a way that, starting from the longitudinal channel of the boring bar section 2, they allow media to pass under pressure in the radially outward direction - in the opposite direction, namely directed radially inward, on the other hand, act as check valves.
  • the anchor rod section 2 is provided at the location of the compression valve 11 with locking rings 15 which are pushed onto the anchor rod section and are welded to the latter leaving a distance 14.
  • locking rings 15 which are pushed onto the anchor rod section and are welded to the latter leaving a distance 14.
  • a screw connection can also be considered.
  • transverse bore 16 preferably in the middle section between the locking rings 15. Also preferably, a plurality of such cross bores 16 are provided - with a uniform circumferential distribution. These transverse bores form a continuous connection to the longitudinal channel mentioned and their meaning and purpose will be explained in the following.
  • hose element 17 with a tube section sealingly surrounding the anchor rod section 2 is made of an elastic material, for example rubber, which extends between the locking rings 15, by means of which the axial position thereof is secured.
  • the thickness of the hose element 17, which expediently consists of a fabric-reinforced rubber, is carried out in such a way that it runs essentially flush with the locking rings 15.
  • the system of locking rings 15 and hose section 17 forms a compression valve which functions in the manner of a check valve, the mode of operation of which will be explained in more detail below.
  • the injection drill anchor shown in the drawings is intended for use in specially used, low-cohesive rock and it is initially used for setting like a boring bar, through the longitudinal channel of which a suitable flushing medium, e.g. water, flows during the drilling process, which flows through the central flushing hole of the drill bit 8 and optionally the further flushing bores emerging in this area, subsequently absorbs the rock material loosened by the cross-cutting of the drill bit 8 and is washed out between the inside of the borehole formed and the outside of the anchor rod sections 2, 3, 4 in the rearward direction towards the ßohrlochmuzzle .
  • the conveying process is thereby caused by the thread-like extending over the entire length of the injection drill anchor, including the connecting sleeves 5, 6 Deformation supports.
  • the drill rods are extended using connecting sleeves 5, 6 and further anchor rod sections 3, 4 until the final borehole depth is reached.
  • a hardenable medium for example a mortar suspension
  • the flushing liquid or mortar suspension within the longitudinal channel of the anchor rod sections 2, 3, 4 is under a pressure of less than 15 bar, that is, under a pressure at which the compression valves 11 are in any case in the blocked state remain.
  • the remainder of the mortar suspension remaining in the anchor channel is displaced by introducing a displacement body, which will be explained structurally below, into the central channel of the anchor by moving said displacement body in the direction of the drill bit 8 within the injection anchor.
  • the displacement body is displaced into such an area of the injection anchor 1 that is located between the drill bit 8 and the foremost compression valve 11. It is also essential for the final position of the displacement body that all of the usual flushing holes are closed by the latter, so that the longitudinal channel forms a closed space in this working phase.
  • it is particularly expedient for the remaining one in the longitudinal channel if appropriate flush out any mortar suspension still present with a rinsing medium.
  • a mortar suspension under pressure is again introduced into the injection anchor 1 via the longitudinal channel, which now exits via the transverse bores 16 of the compression valves 11 and thereby the hose section 17 is correspondingly elastic expands.
  • the escaping mortar suspension exerts an explosive effect on the mortar already in the borehole in this area or penetrates into the gaps formed in this way, so that as a result of this renewed mortar leakage in the area of the injection valves, the already existing penetration area of mortar and any loosened Mountain parts expanded or enlarged, a significant spreading effect on the structure of the overall system, consisting of mortar and rock anchor is exerted and thus helps to further secure the position of the injection drill anchor 1 in the borehole.
  • the mortar can also be blown open with rinsing liquid, e.g. Water are carried out so that a mortar suspension is only then introduced.
  • rinsing liquid e.g. Water
  • the expansion process shown above can be repeated several times if necessary. Whether the expansion process is to be repeated depends on the result of the measurement of the ability of the rock bolt to absorb tensile forces, which is carried out according to known methods.
  • the remaining mortar suspension still in the longitudinal channel is rinsed out after a first widening process, immediately after the compression valves 11 have been closed. This can be done, for example, by means of a hose which is introduced into the longitudinal channel, the rinsing liquid, e.g. Water that absorbs and flushes out mortar suspension.
  • the longitudinal channel up to the displacement body mentioned, i.e. including the compression valves 11 exposed.
  • the expansion step described above is repeated, i.e. the mortar surrounding the anchor rod section is hydraulically blasted in order to subsequently introduce further mortar suspension into the borehole.
  • the compression valves 11 can also be used to equally as during the first introduction of mortar suspension as outlet openings for this To be available.
  • the external thread interacting with the tube section 17 can also be smoothed by applying a suitable mass, vulcanization of a rubber material basically being considered. A comparable effect is achieved if there is a smooth wall profile at the locations of the anchor rod section 2, which are used to attach compression valves 11, and thus without thread-like deformation.
  • the method according to the invention and the injection drill anchor used to carry it out result in a particularly secure fit of the anchor as a result of the spreading effect exerted on the borehole walls, especially in the case of mountains with little cohesion.
  • 3 and 4 show examples of possible embodiments of a displacement body intended for use in the injection anchor.
  • 3 shows an essentially spherical displacement body 18, which consists of a metallic core 19, which in turn is surrounded by a sleeve 20 made of an elastic material.
  • the displacement body is dimensioned such that a displacement of the same within the central channel only with elastic deformation of the casing 20 is possible, which creates a significant frictional connection with the inner walls of the anchor rod sections.
  • a bore 21 penetrating the shell 20 serves to facilitate the displacement of the displacement body 18 by means of a rod which acts directly on the metallic core 19.
  • FIG. 4 shows a displacement body 22 which has a metallic, cylindrical core 23 and a rotationally symmetrical sleeve 24 which surrounds it conically, the latter in turn consisting of an elastically deformable plastic.
  • a displacement body 22 which has a metallic, cylindrical core 23 and a rotationally symmetrical sleeve 24 which surrounds it conically, the latter in turn consisting of an elastically deformable plastic.
  • displacement body can also be equipped on the outside with bristles, ribs or the like, which develop a blocking effect in particular in the rearward direction in connection with the inside of the longitudinal channel.
  • a hard plastic-soft plastic material combination can also be used.
  • FIG. 5 shows a possible embodiment of the area adjacent to the drill head 8.
  • a comparably short part of an anchor rod section is designated therein by 25, which is welded to the plate-like drill bit 8, which is equipped with cross-cutters (not shown in the drawing).
  • the anchor rod section 25 is in turn screwed into a connecting sleeve 26 and additionally welded to it. With 28 a central, in the direction of the axis 10 rinsing bore of the drill head 8 is designated.
  • the screwing of the connecting sleeve 26 to the anchor rod section 25 takes place in such a way that an unimpeded discharge of a flushing medium or a mortar suspension is possible via radially oriented flushing bores 27.
  • the connecting sleeve 26 also serves, in a manner known per se, for screwing on the inside with further anchor rod sections.
  • a displacement body to be used in the sense of the above explanations is dimensioned such that it can be inserted into the cross section 29 of the anchor rod section 25 in such a way that all flushing bores 27, 28 are closed.
  • the embodiment shown of the area adjacent to the drill bit 8 is also very advantageous from a drilling or fluidic point of view, since there is a relatively large undercut 30 directly behind the drill bit 8, which promotes the removal of the rock material loosened during the drilling process.
  • the function of the displacement bodies 18, 22 if they can be frictionally fixed in a region 31 of the connecting sleeve 26 which - in the direction of the flow of a flushing medium characterized by the arrow 32 - contains all the flushing bores 27, 28 is upstream, since in principle the rinsing bores 27 in the form of radial bores can in principle be provided in a region near the boring head, and thus also in the connecting sleeve 26. It is only essential in this case that a valve function can be performed by inserting the displacement body insofar as all of the flushing bores mentioned can be closed by this.
  • the embodiment of the region of the injection drill anchor near the drill head shown in FIG. 6 has been modified in such a way that the function of the blocking body 18, 22 is now replaced by a fixed valve 33 that fulfills the function of the check valve. It is this valve - as will be explained in more detail below - designed such that a flow in the direction of arrow 32 is made possible, but is blocked in the opposite direction to arrow 32. Insofar as a valve is suitable for fulfilling these functions, any valve, albeit with a different design, can be used here.
  • the valve 33 consists of a valve body 34, which in turn consists of a head part 35, which is designed for the largely sealing screw connection to the inside of the socket part 26, on the one hand, and a smooth, externally smooth attachment part 36, which is formed integrally with the head part 35.
  • the extension part 36 has a significantly smaller radius than the head part 35, so that - around the extension part 36 - there is an annular space 37.
  • the valve body 34 has a central bore 38, which extends coaxially to the axis 10 and is closed at its front end facing the drill bit 8.
  • hose section 39 designates a hose section made of an elastic material, for example a rubber-elastic material, which surrounds the rotationally symmetrical extension 36 and seals the same in the relaxed state transverse bores 40 which open into the bore 38.
  • an elastic material for example a rubber-elastic material
  • the hose section 39 is designed by its thickness dimensioning and / or a suitable choice of material such that its elasticity is substantially greater than that of the / hose sections 17, so that the valve 33 consequently enables a flow in the direction of the arrow 32 at pressures , in which the compression valves 11 remain in the closed state.
  • the injection anchor is initially used as a boring bar in a manner known per se via a flushing medium flowing in the direction of the arrow 32, the flushing medium flowing via the valve 33 and exiting via the flushing bores 27, 28.
  • a mortar suspension or another hardenable medium is guided in the direction of arrow 32 in a manner known per se, which, according to its pressure, likewise flows exclusively via valve 33 and not via compression valves 11, i.e. emerges in the area of the flushing bores 27, 28 and - starting from the bottom of the borehole - fills the entire borehole.
  • valve 33 now preventing a further flow in the direction of arrow 32 due to the mortar suspension acting on the outside of the hose section 39, whereas the interior of the injection drill anchor is flushed out as far as valve 33 is.
  • this flushing pressure is dimensioned such that the valve 33 never opens.
  • the rinsing liquid filling the injection bonner can remain therein, and after the mortar has hardened, this liquid can be used as a hydraulic means for blowing up the mortar surrounding the Bonranker by means of the compression valves 11. It will be the one within the Bohrankers remaining liquid column is used by this adjoining mortar to burst open, the mortar finally exits through the compression valves 11 and develops the effect already described above.
  • This embodiment can of course also be used in such a way that after the injection drill anchor has been rinsed out, the mortar is blown open directly by means of a mortar suspension.
  • the injection drill anchor according to the invention is essentially characterized by two valves or valve groups, namely a first valve 33 assigned to the drill head, which serves for flushing and initial filling of the borehole and which opens at a comparatively low pressure , ie a flow in the direction of arrow 32 enables.
  • this first valve has no function after the filling and hardening of the mortar suspension and subsequently acts as a blocking body which prevents any further flow through the flushing holes mentioned. It also acts as a non-return valve during the flow of flushing medium and initial mortar suspension, ie it prevents backflow in the opposite direction to arrow 32.
  • the second valve or the group of valves used here are the compression valves which - seen in the direction of arrow 32 - Upstream of the first valve and serve to control the flow via radial bores or transverse bores 16.
  • these compression valves are also designed in the manner of check valves, the essential feature of which, however, is that they move away from the first-mentioned valve Only open at a significantly higher pressure present within the injection drill anchor, which is greater than 15 bar, for example between 50 bar and 100 bar.
  • these compression valves are completely inoperative during flushing and the initial filling of the borehole due to their high opening pressure, ie they are in the closed state during this phase.
  • valves or valve groups viewed in the direction of flow, can be regarded as spring-loaded valves, the preload of which is of different magnitudes. Accordingly, any constructive modifications of valves can be used here which functionally correspond to the valves shown, which are under prestress.
  • a variant of a compression valve is designated, which consists of a tubular element 42 provided with an external thread and a tube-like enveloping body 43 surrounding it coaxially.
  • the tubular element 42 can be directly part of an anchor rod - but it can also be an intermediate element intended and designed for installation between two anchor rod sections.
  • the enveloping body consists of an elastic, preferably rubber-elastic material, which in turn can have a fabric reinforcement if necessary.
  • a radially inwardly tapered bore of the tubular element is designated, in which - held by the enveloping body 43 - a spherical locking body 45 is inserted. It can be seen that the blocking body 45 in connection with the elastic body in the bore 44 from the outside of the tubular member 42 elastic Pressing enveloping body 43 forms a spring-loaded check valve.
  • this compression valve 41 is designed by appropriate dimensioning or design of the enveloping body 43 in such a way that the blocking body 45 is displaced from the bore 44 against the elastic restoring force of the enveloping body 43 only at an increased pressure in the radially outward direction and flows out into enables the outside space that is required for the subsequent blasting of an initially hardened mortar body that surrounds the anchor rod on the outside and otherwise remains inoperative, that is to say remains in the closed state.
  • the locking body 45 can be made of metal, e.g. Steel. However, it can also be formed from a suitable plastic.
  • the spherical shape of the blocking body is also not mandatory and a conically shaped body can also be used for this purpose in the same way.
  • locking rings can in turn be provided in FIG. 7, which are screwed onto the outside of the tubular element 42 and extend on the outside essentially flush with the enveloping body 43.
  • the final assembly position of these locking rings can also be secured by welding to the tubular element 42.
  • the compression valve 41 completed in the above sense can also be used in the same way as the compression valve described in FIG. 2.
  • the variant of a compression valve 46 shown in FIG. 8 is again characterized by a central tubular element 47, which is designed in the same way as the tubular element 42 according to FIG. 7.
  • the tubular element 47 is characterized by four bores 48 of the same size arranged along a surface line, which bores in turn have a radially inwardly tapering configuration.
  • each bore 48 is assigned a blocking body, not shown in the drawing, which is held elastically in the bore by an enveloping body 50.
  • the bores 48 can also be arranged in different circumferential angular positions with respect to one another. With regard to the strength of the tubular element 42, however, the bores 48 should not be arranged in a common cross-sectional plane.
  • tube cylinders are designated, which are provided on the inside and outside with thread, are screwed onto the tube element on both sides of the enveloping body 50 and in this respect take over the function of locking rings. If necessary, the tube cylinders 51, 52 can be secured in the final screwing position by welding to the tube element 47.
  • the tubular element 47 can in this case be part of an anchor rod - in principle, however, the compression valve 46 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 8 can also be regarded as an intermediate element between two anchor rod ends.
  • tubular element 47 is to be regarded as part of the anchor rod, this can be connected to another end of the anchor rod using a conventional coupling sleeve.
  • the two ends of the tubular element 47 protruding from the tubular cylinders 51, 52 can also be regarded as screw-in ends which are screwed into an opposite anchor rod end which has radial dimensions and an external thread which correspond to the tubular cylinders 51, 52.
  • the tubular cylinders 51, 52 can be regarded as part of an anchor rod, and in this case there is an anchor rod which has no structural elements that project on the outside in the region of the compression valve.
  • FIG. 9 shows an enveloping body 53 which is formed in one piece with a locking body 54 which has an approximately conical shape.
  • the blocking body 54 in turn protrudes into a bore 55 of a tubular element 56 corresponding to the tubular elements 42, 47 and is held in this position in an elastically pre-stressed manner.
  • a plurality of such locking bodies can also be provided in a configuration corresponding, for example, to FIG. 8.
  • the enveloping body 53 in turn consists of an elastic plastic, possibly reinforced by fabric inserts, for example a rubber-like plastic, and its thickness is designed with regard to the function of a compression valve described above.
  • the conical shape of the locking body 54 is approximately matched to that of the bore 55, but may also have a hemispherical shape.
  • the locking body 54 is in the embodiment according to Fig. 9 made of the same material as the enveloping body 53.
  • a reinforcing body can be incorporated into the elastic material, for example in the form of a sphere or hemisphere.
  • a compression valve designed in the sense of FIGS. 7 to 9 is particularly suitable for high pressures, in particular if several compression processes are to be carried out in succession.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
  • Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
EP92911316A 1991-07-02 1992-05-30 Injektionsrohr und verfahren zum setzen eines gebirgsankers Expired - Lifetime EP0546128B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4121851 1991-07-02
DE4121851 1991-07-02
DE4128154A DE4128154C2 (de) 1991-07-02 1991-08-24 Injektionsrohr und Verfahren zum Setzen eines Gebirgsankers
DE4128154 1991-08-24
PCT/EP1992/001208 WO1993001363A1 (de) 1991-07-02 1992-05-30 Injektionsrohr und verfahren zum setzen eines gebirgsankers

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0546128A1 EP0546128A1 (de) 1993-06-16
EP0546128B1 true EP0546128B1 (de) 1995-08-30

Family

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EP92911316A Expired - Lifetime EP0546128B1 (de) 1991-07-02 1992-05-30 Injektionsrohr und verfahren zum setzen eines gebirgsankers

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US5653557A (ja)
EP (1) EP0546128B1 (ja)
JP (1) JP3201413B2 (ja)
AT (1) ATE127187T1 (ja)
AU (1) AU650349B2 (ja)
CA (1) CA2090430A1 (ja)
WO (1) WO1993001363A1 (ja)

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CN110608062B (zh) * 2019-10-09 2021-03-09 中国矿业大学 一种多段式中空注浆锚索及支护方法
CN111910615A (zh) * 2020-08-25 2020-11-10 中国电建集团中南勘测设计研究院有限公司 一种膏浆钻灌冲挤扩大头锚杆结构体系及其施工方法
CN112554921A (zh) * 2020-12-04 2021-03-26 中煤科工开采研究院有限公司 一种中空张拉锚杆围岩加固方法
CN112554925A (zh) * 2020-12-04 2021-03-26 中煤科工开采研究院有限公司 一种张拉注浆锚杆
CN112627871B (zh) * 2020-12-24 2023-03-14 上海应用技术大学 一种可伸缩的自动卸压式锚杆
CN112709225A (zh) * 2020-12-28 2021-04-27 云南建投第二水利水电建设有限公司 一种涨壳式预应力锚杆快速施工工法
CN112982374A (zh) * 2021-05-10 2021-06-18 中铁九局集团第七工程有限公司 多层采空区钻孔注浆方法
CN113668525A (zh) * 2021-09-03 2021-11-19 中冶成都勘察研究总院有限公司 基于psb精轧螺纹钢的水滴形扩大头抗浮锚杆的施工方法
CN113738444B (zh) * 2021-09-18 2023-02-10 同济大学 一种隧道突泥防治用双管填砾压入反刺式球阀装置
CN114291210B (zh) * 2022-01-06 2023-06-09 西南石油大学 一种海底自动锚定装置
CN115754235B (zh) * 2022-11-17 2024-03-22 西安科技大学 一种围岩时变与充填体硬化过程相互作用装置及监测方法
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1993001363A1 (de) 1993-01-21
JP3201413B2 (ja) 2001-08-20
US5653557A (en) 1997-08-05
CA2090430A1 (en) 1993-01-03
EP0546128A1 (de) 1993-06-16
ATE127187T1 (de) 1995-09-15
AU1924492A (en) 1993-02-11
AU650349B2 (en) 1994-06-16
JPH06501073A (ja) 1994-01-27

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