EP0542595B1 - Dispositif d'antenne microruban perfectionné, notamment pour transmissions téléphoniques par satellite - Google Patents

Dispositif d'antenne microruban perfectionné, notamment pour transmissions téléphoniques par satellite Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0542595B1
EP0542595B1 EP92402921A EP92402921A EP0542595B1 EP 0542595 B1 EP0542595 B1 EP 0542595B1 EP 92402921 A EP92402921 A EP 92402921A EP 92402921 A EP92402921 A EP 92402921A EP 0542595 B1 EP0542595 B1 EP 0542595B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pad
dielectric
antenna
layer
sdb
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP92402921A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0542595A1 (fr
Inventor
Philippe Freyssinier
Joel Medard
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thomson CSF Detexis SA
Original Assignee
Thomson CSF Detexis SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Thomson CSF Detexis SA filed Critical Thomson CSF Detexis SA
Publication of EP0542595A1 publication Critical patent/EP0542595A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0542595B1 publication Critical patent/EP0542595B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
    • H01Q21/065—Patch antenna array
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H01Q9/0414—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna in a stacked or folded configuration
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H01Q9/0428—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna radiating a circular polarised wave
    • H01Q9/0435—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna radiating a circular polarised wave using two feed points

Definitions

  • the invention relates to microstrip antenna devices or "microstrip”.
  • microstrip radiating structure includes a dielectric layer, carrying on one side a block conductor of the chosen shape, and on the other a conductive plane that we call ground plan. To obtain an antenna, you must define the energy supply mode of this structure microwave.
  • the Applicant notably posed the problem of carrying out a antenna conforming to electronic scanning, intended for the communication with mobiles such as aircraft (system called SATCOM).
  • SATCOM system called SATCOM
  • the electronic scanning function is necessary for this antenna, due to the movement of the mobile carrier, which is assumed here be an aircraft.
  • roof antenna or two side antennas.
  • the aforementioned ARINC standard defined two acceptable official fingerprints, delimiting the volume in which must register the planned antenna.
  • the antenna must also be compliant, i.e. susceptible to adapt to the exact wall shape of the carrier mobile. She should still be thin, to minimize streaking aerodynamic, and of course designed to respect the mechanical characteristics required for the structure of the aircraft.
  • the present invention therefore proposes an antenna element basically different from those known so far.
  • This antenna element is of the type comprising a first layer dielectric comprising on one side a ground plane, and on the other a first conductive pad of selected shape, a second layer dielectric, which overcomes the first layer, on the side of the first block, and supports on the other side, opposite the first block, a second conductive pad of selected shape, a third layer dielectric overcoming the second, as well as means microwave power supply from one of the conductive blocks.
  • the second block is smaller than that of the first block, and only the first block is physically connected to the microwave power supply means, the connection feed from below, at least one point chosen from the first block, located between its center and its periphery.
  • the first block is connected at a crossing of the ground plane joining a supply circuit implanted in a dielectric substrate of typical structure triplate.
  • the three-ply structure includes a substrate layer located between the ground plane already mentioned and a low ground plane; between the two ground plans are provided conductive bushings defining a peripheral shielding of the feed part of the antenna element.
  • a Wilkinson divider to power the pavement lower in two points forming with its center a triangle substantially isosceles rectangle, while the respective signals brought to these two points are in quadrature.
  • the divisor of Wilkinson is implanted at an intermediate level of the layer substrate, in accordance with the three-ply structure. This level intermediate serves in practice as a level of distribution of power between a central connector for all of the antenna, and the different antenna elements that go constitute it, in the application as a network antenna.
  • the two blocks are of general circular shape, and these two blocks are substantially coaxial, that is, they are located on the same perpendicular to the planes of the dielectric layers.
  • the reference PM0 designates a ground plane lower, which can be assembled with an insulating adhesive on a sheet to be incorporated into the wall of the aircraft.
  • This ground plan lower is surmounted by two dielectric layers SDB and SDH (respectively low and high).
  • the SDH layer is in turn surmounted by another PM1 ground plane.
  • the whole forms a triplate structure, with appropriate metallizations engraved between the SDB and SDH layers, or more exactly on one of these layers.
  • these metallizations include a line supply L, which is then subdivided like a Wilkinson divider, shown schematically in Figure 1, but better visible in Figures 3 and 4.
  • This divider includes two DL1 and DL2 branches which first move away from each other, to join at a level where they are connected to a resistance RLL implanted in the thickness of the SDB layer, but without join the lower ground plane PM0. Then the two branches DL1 and DL2 move apart again to join points respective supply EL1 and EL2.
  • points EL1 and EL2 are connected by crossings TR1 and TR2 (not connected to the ground plane PM1) to supply points FR1 and FR2 provided on the lower block P1, or pilot block, engraved on the upper face of a dielectric layer D1 placed above of the ground plane PM1.
  • the end parts of the DL1 and DL2 engravings are of different lengths, so that, electromagnetically, the signals available at the points FR1 and FR2 are substantially in quadrature, one with the other.
  • the power points FR1 and FR2 of block P1 are substantially located at right angles to one of the other.
  • a second dielectric layer is provided above block P1 D2, with the same dielectric constant as layer D1, but thicker, as shown in Figure 2.
  • Partly layer D2 receives a second block by etching conductor P2 (coupled block), which is in principle circular and coaxial with block P1, but has a diameter smaller than that of block P1.
  • the antenna element is completed with a dielectric layer additional DR, forming a radome, and in principle having a dielectric constant significantly higher than that of the layers D1 and D2.
  • peripheral pads such as BP11, BP12 and BP13 define an antenna element power shield considered, compared to neighboring antenna elements, and by report to the outside.
  • Figure 5 shows how you can arrange 24 elements antenna to form an electronic scanning antenna compliant, satisfying the conditions of the problem posed.
  • these antenna elements are connected to a connector general, 24 pins (at least). Upstream of this connector, it a treatment is provided for each antenna element individual reciprocal phase shift, using DPH phase shifters, as shown in Figure 2.
  • each lower block is fed at two points located on two rays substantially perpendicular to each other.
  • the electronic scanning array antenna thus obtained proven capable of operating for deflection angles up to 60 °, with secondary lobe levels sufficiently low, and a gain of at least 12 decibels compared to to an isotropic antenna.
  • phase shifters associated with each of the antenna elements can be integrated into the beam orientation unit (or BSU for "Beam Steering Unit"), housed inside the aircraft.
  • BSU Beam Steering Unit
  • phase shifters with lines switched by PIN diodes controlled by 4-bit binary words, this which provides a resolution of 22.5 °.
  • the distributor integrated into the phase shift block, ensures the weighting in amplitude according to the aforementioned law.
  • the antenna In the particular application targeted, the antenna must operate simultaneously in transmission and reception, at frequencies relatively close. Regarding the calibration of electronic scanning phase shifters, there is reason to set phase or "phase" the network, on a band of about 8%.
  • the Applicant Rather than calculating the phase law at the mid frequency of the tape, the Applicant has found that it is preferable to consider the use of two frequency bands separate, as well as the quantification and nature of phase shifters (switched lines). For this purpose, it uses the calibration process described below.
  • DDi ⁇ DQi (F1, n) - DPi (f1, U, V) ⁇ + ⁇ DQi (F2, n) - DPi (f2, U, V) ⁇ where ⁇ denotes the absolute value.
  • the calibration then consists in seeking a priori, for each direction of sight and each antenna element, the value of n which minimizes this function DDi.
  • the phase shifters are controlled accordingly.
  • this calibration can be stored.
  • the present invention is not necessarily limited to the mode of the described embodiment, or to the intended application.
  • the element antenna can itself be used for other applications, provided that we keep the new structure. Is also at consider the combination of a microstrip element and a tri-plate power supply, in the same dielectric stack.
  • Polarization can be other than circular polarization of the described embodiment.
  • Another feature of the invention is that it can avoid, for layers D1 and D2, the use of dielectrics of weak constant, or porous, even made up of a gas.

Landscapes

  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Support Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Transceivers (AREA)
EP92402921A 1991-11-14 1992-10-27 Dispositif d'antenne microruban perfectionné, notamment pour transmissions téléphoniques par satellite Expired - Lifetime EP0542595B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9113984 1991-11-14
FR9113984A FR2683952A1 (fr) 1991-11-14 1991-11-14 Dispositif d'antenne microruban perfectionne, notamment pour transmissions telephoniques par satellite.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0542595A1 EP0542595A1 (fr) 1993-05-19
EP0542595B1 true EP0542595B1 (fr) 1999-12-01

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92402921A Expired - Lifetime EP0542595B1 (fr) 1991-11-14 1992-10-27 Dispositif d'antenne microruban perfectionné, notamment pour transmissions téléphoniques par satellite

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US5995047A (ja)
EP (1) EP0542595B1 (ja)
JP (1) JP2868197B2 (ja)
AT (1) ATE187280T1 (ja)
CA (1) CA2082580C (ja)
DE (1) DE69230365T2 (ja)
DK (1) DK0542595T3 (ja)
ES (1) ES2140405T3 (ja)
FR (1) FR2683952A1 (ja)
GR (1) GR3032025T3 (ja)
PT (1) PT542595E (ja)
RU (1) RU2117366C1 (ja)

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JP5970186B2 (ja) * 2008-06-26 2016-08-17 トムソン ライセンシングＴｈｏｍｓｏｎ Ｌｉｃｅｎｓｉｎｇ 集積アンテナを有するフロントエンド・ブロック
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JP5644702B2 (ja) * 2011-07-01 2014-12-24 ミツミ電機株式会社 アンテナ装置
RU2495518C2 (ru) * 2012-01-11 2013-10-10 Российская Федерация, от имени которой выступает Государственная корпорация по атомной энергии "Росатом" (Госкорпорация "Росатом") Двухдиапазонная микрополосковая антенна круговой поляризации
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2683952B1 (ja) 1994-04-22
EP0542595A1 (fr) 1993-05-19
DE69230365D1 (de) 2000-01-05
DK0542595T3 (da) 2000-03-27
JP2868197B2 (ja) 1999-03-10
RU2117366C1 (ru) 1998-08-10
CA2082580C (en) 2002-04-02
PT542595E (pt) 2000-04-28
JPH0629724A (ja) 1994-02-04
FR2683952A1 (fr) 1993-05-21
CA2082580A1 (en) 1993-05-15
ES2140405T3 (es) 2000-03-01
ATE187280T1 (de) 1999-12-15
DE69230365T2 (de) 2000-03-23
GR3032025T3 (en) 2000-03-31
US5995047A (en) 1999-11-30

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