EP0539763B1 - Système de contrÔle - Google Patents

Système de contrÔle Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0539763B1
EP0539763B1 EP92116992A EP92116992A EP0539763B1 EP 0539763 B1 EP0539763 B1 EP 0539763B1 EP 92116992 A EP92116992 A EP 92116992A EP 92116992 A EP92116992 A EP 92116992A EP 0539763 B1 EP0539763 B1 EP 0539763B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
data
reader
control
memory
authorization
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP92116992A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0539763A2 (fr
EP0539763A3 (fr
Inventor
Anatoli Stobbe
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Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0539763A2 publication Critical patent/EP0539763A2/fr
Publication of EP0539763A3 publication Critical patent/EP0539763A3/de
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Publication of EP0539763B1 publication Critical patent/EP0539763B1/fr
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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C9/00817—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys where the code of the lock can be programmed
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C9/00309—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/20—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass
    • G07C9/27—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass with central registration
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/20—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass
    • G07C9/28—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass the pass enabling tracking or indicating presence
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C2009/00579—Power supply for the keyless data carrier
    • G07C2009/00603—Power supply for the keyless data carrier by power transmission from lock
    • G07C2009/00611—Power supply for the keyless data carrier by power transmission from lock by using inductive transmission
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C2009/00753—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys
    • G07C2009/00769—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys with data transmission performed by wireless means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/00174—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys
    • G07C9/00817—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys where the code of the lock can be programmed
    • G07C2009/00825—Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys where the code of the lock can be programmed remotely by lines or wireless communication

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a control system as access control to objects such as rooms, buildings, building complexes, etc. according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Control systems of this type are known. They serve to give only authorized persons access to certain objects, buildings or rooms, etc.
  • Essential components of such a control system are a data carrier with a programmable memory and a reader for reading data that is transmitted wirelessly from the data carrier, for example.
  • the reader evaluates the received data and routes it to a central evaluation unit.
  • the authorization data are checked here and, if they match the test data stored in the evaluation unit, the evaluation unit enables access to the specific object, for example by unlocking a door and allowing the authorized person to enter the room.
  • the data carriers used in such control systems often also referred to as transponders or detection plates - are known per se, for example, from DE 40 03 410 A1.
  • these data carriers are the size of a check card and, as essential components, comprise a chip with a programmable and readable data memory and an antenna.
  • Magnetic cards with a magnetic memory or other data carriers can also be used.
  • the data carrier is carried by the authorized person and, in the case of wireless data transmission, is brought near the reader if necessary, who is, for example, fixedly mounted near a door frame of the door of a building or a room. Then, as described above, those in the disk stored data transmitted wirelessly to the reader and further evaluated in order to open a door if the data matches, which happens when the correct data carrier with the assigned authorization data is used for the object in question.
  • bit allocation map is determined for the data carrier, which comprises several groups of individual bits, each group characterizing a very special identifier in order to control corresponding authorization functions.
  • a common structure of a bit allocation pattern includes, for example, a country code, a system code, the card number of the data carrier in question and possibly bits for a check digit as additional security. All these bits together form the useful bits or the authorization data, which are transmitted from the data carrier to the reader. Depending on the scope of the identification data, this results in a different number of bits, which determines the size of the memory.
  • the manufacturer of the data carriers and the readers must program the data carriers and also the readers accordingly, taking into account the bit allocation pattern. This programming of all readers and data carriers means a considerable expenditure of time, and in connection with this also a significant cost factor.
  • the manufacturer interprets the memory capacity of the reader so that the maximum number of useful bits can be processed. However, if it later turns out in an order that the customer needs fewer useful bits for his bit allocation pattern, the remaining bits that are not required would be read uselessly during operation and forwarded to the evaluation unit.
  • the invention has for its object a Control system of the type mentioned in the preamble of claim 1 to be improved so that readers can be used whose programming required according to the respective special requirements is significantly simplified.
  • the invention is based on the fact that the customer-specific programming of the data carrier is basically adhered to.
  • the invention offers the significant advantage that it is no longer necessary to program the assigned readers in accordance with customer requirements. Rather, it is made possible by the invention to use virgin neutral readers and to install them on the object in question, so that the time-consuming programming of the readers previously required can be dispensed with.
  • the reader is programmed through the data carrier, which has already been programmed with all the necessary data.
  • Virgin and neutral readers have the advantage that they are produced in large numbers by the manufacturer and can now be kept in stock by the customer and used there immediately if required. The customer can use the neutral readers directly in different systems.
  • control data when programming the data carrier, in addition to the authorization data, control data are also stored, which contain information about the number of useful bits of the authorization data, and this control data is transmitted to the reader in addition to the authorization data.
  • the virgin reader or its memory is programmed by the control data in such a way that the reader can recognize the predetermined number of useful bits of the authorization data and can pass it on to the central evaluation unit in an unadulterated manner.
  • the virgin readers provided in the invention and to be regarded as neutrals can thus in principle be used for all possible types of data carriers. As before, only the data carrier itself needs to be programmed, with additional programming using the control data mentioned taking place according to the invention. In contrast, programming the readers themselves is no longer necessary.
  • control data of the programmed data carrier additionally contain information about the type of the output formats with which the useful bits of the authorization data are read out by the reader and forwarded to the central evaluation unit.
  • the advantage of this measure is that, by appropriate programming of the data carrier, it can be specified with which of the different possible output formats the data of the reader are routed to the central evaluation unit, thereby adapting different evaluation units.
  • control data additionally contain test data with which test functions on the reader are activated.
  • This measure enables certain test functions to be carried out to check the reader. For example, signals on the line leading from the reader to the central evaluation unit can be measured using a known bit pattern. A hardware test can also be carried out, for example by checking the functions of indicator lights on the reader.
  • control data additionally also contain customer data which represent a specific customer number.
  • the reader memory of the reader has an initially unprogrammed read-only memory, in which the customer data is written once during commissioning, that is to say during the first data transfer from the data carrier, and is permanently retained there.
  • This advantageous development of the invention further increases the security of a control system.
  • the use of the control system is only possible if the permanently assigned customer number, which is previously stored in the data carrier, matches the customer number in the read-only memory. This ensures that access to certain secure rooms can only be achieved with a data carrier if the customer number of the data carrier matches the customer number located in the read-only memory of the reader memory. Misuse of data carriers by another customer who has a different customer number is therefore excluded.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates the basic structure of a control system using a data carrier 10 with a programmable memory 12. Furthermore, the control system comprises a reader 16, which is installed in a fixed position near a door 32 and is connected to an energy source.
  • the reader 16 has a reader memory 18 (RAM), a read-only memory (EEPROM) 20 and a comparator 22. Furthermore, a plurality of function lamps 26 are provided which optically signal the operating state and other functions of the reader.
  • RAM reader memory
  • EEPROM read-only memory
  • comparator 22 comparator 22
  • a plurality of function lamps 26 are provided which optically signal the operating state and other functions of the reader.
  • the reader 16 is connected via data lines 24 to a central evaluation unit 28 to which several readers can be connected.
  • a line 30 leads from the evaluation unit 28 to the door lock of the door 32, which is only released and thus allows access to a room if an authorized person has the appropriate data carrier 10.
  • an enable signal is transmitted via line 30, which opens the door 32.
  • the data received by the reader 16 are read by it in a manner to be explained in more detail. Only the authorization data are then forwarded to the evaluation unit 28 via the data lines 24. There, the transmitted authorization data is compared with the test data located in the evaluation unit 28. If the authorization data match the test data, a release signal reaches door 32 via line 30.
  • FIG. 2 shows an example of a bit allocation pattern, such as may arise for certain objects to be secured on customer request.
  • the bit allocation pattern here comprises 32 bits, which form the useful bits 44 and the authorization data 34.
  • the bit allocation pattern generally defines the number, the positions and the meaning of the bits.
  • the first four identifier bits 36 form a country identifier, that is to say they define a specific country for the use of the data carrier.
  • identifier bits 40 are followed by two further identifier bits 42, one for security Represent check digit, for example to check the correct structure of the bit allocation pattern.
  • bits are each represented by either a "zero” or a "one", so that the bit allocation pattern appears as a sequence of zeros and ones.
  • the associated bit allocation pattern can be defined and set up. So far, it was the case that both the data carrier and the reader were programmed accordingly.
  • virgin readers with a RAM memory can be used, since the readers are programmed wirelessly from the data carrier, using control data 50 present in the data carrier, which are transmitted to the reader 16 in addition to the authorization data 34.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of the structure of a data record in the data carrier 10.
  • the control data 50 with the control bits follow a header 48 which is used for synchronization.
  • the actual useful bits 44 then follow, which form the authorization data 34, and finally the data record structure also includes check data 52 in a manner known per se, with which the control data 50 and the authorization data 44 can be checked in a manner known per se.
  • the control data 50 enables the reader 16 to correctly read the authorization data 34, which has also been transmitted, and to pass it on to the central evaluation unit 28 in an unadulterated manner.
  • the position of the first useful bit can either be defined in the data carrier 10 and in the reader 16 from the start or transmitted with the control data 50.
  • control data 50 comprise a plurality of information data sets 54, 56, 58 and 60.
  • the information data record 56 specifies the number of available useful bits, ie 32 useful bits in the case of the bit allocation pattern according to FIG. 2.
  • the subsequent information data record 58 defines one of several possible output formats. It is thus determined in which output format the authorization data 34 is interpreted by the reader 16 and is led to the central evaluation unit 28 via the data lines 24 (cf. FIG. 1). Different output formats are known in the prior art, so that a detailed explanation is not given here.
  • Desired test functions are defined by the further information data record 60 in order to be able to check the operation of the reader 16 if necessary or to be able to measure signals on the lines 24 using known bit patterns. Special data carriers corresponding to the respective test functions are then preferably used. Such test functions are also known. What is new, however, is the fact that the information data set 60 relating to the test functions as well as the information data sets 56 and 58 are transmitted from the data carrier to the reader by the control data 50.
  • the data in the information data sets 56 (number of useful bits), 58 (output format) and 60 (test functions) are read by the reader 16 as variable data viewed and overwritten in the memory again and again when a wireless transmission takes place from the data carrier 10.
  • a RAM can therefore be used for the reader memory 18.
  • the control data 50 (the information data record 54 still shown in FIG. 4 will be discussed in greater detail below) enables the reader to correctly receive the actual authorization data 34 or the predetermined number of useful bits 44 and to the central evaluation unit 28 in an unadulterated manner to be able to forward.
  • the control data 50 thus effect an operation of the reader 16 which corresponds to the operation of a known reader which was previously programmed in a complex manner in accordance with a bit allocation pattern.
  • control data also comprise an information data record 54 which reproduces a predetermined customer number (or another assignment number).
  • the reader 16 has a read-only memory (EEPROM) 20, in which the information data record 54, ie the customer number, during the first data transmission from the data carrier 10 to the reader 16 is taken over once.
  • the information data record 54 is then permanently retained in the permanent memory 20.
  • the information data record 54 is therefore only written once by the reader 16 into the initially unprogrammed read-only memory 20.
  • the use of a customer number which is represented by the information data record 54, ensures that the reader 16 only responds to data carriers 10 whose customer number matches the customer number stored in the permanent memory 20.
  • the reader 16 will therefore only recognize the received data and pass it on to the central evaluation unit 28 if the named customer numbers match.
  • the reader 16 has a comparison circuit 22 (cf. FIG. 1) with which it is determined whether the required identity of the customer number sent from the data carrier 10 is identical to that in the fixed memory 20 customer number is available.
  • the reader 16 becomes active only in this case, and only then is the authorization data 34 forwarded to the central evaluation unit 28 via the data lines 24.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
  • Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
  • Time Recorders, Dirve Recorders, Access Control (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Installation de contrôle en tant que contrôle d'accès à des immeubles comme des locaux, des bâtiments, des groupes de bâtiments, etc., comportant au moins un support programmé de données (10) affecté à une personne, dans la mémoire programmable (12) duquel sont mémorisées les données d'autorisation spécifiques (34) à la personne concernée et à l'objet concerné, qui sont déterminées dans un topogramme de distribution de bits et qui sont constituées d'un nombre prédéterminé de bits utiles (44), et comportant un lecteur (16) installé fixe sur l'immeuble, pourvu d'une mémoire de lecteur programmable (18) et destiné à la réception, en particulier à la réception sans fil des données d'autorisation spécifiques (34) mémorisées dans le support de données (10), les données d'autorisation étant envoyées par le lecteur (16) à une unité centrale d'évaluation (28) en circuit, laquelle libère l'accès à l'immeuble s'il y a concordance des données d'autorisation reçues du lecteur (16) avec des données de contrôle mémorisées dans l'unité d'évaluation (28), caractérisée en ce que la mémoire (18) du lecteur (16) n'est pas programmée, ni initialisée, en ce que, dans la mémoire (12) du support de données (10), sont programmées, outre les données d'autorisation (34), des données de commande supplémentaires (50) qui renferment, à cet effet, une information sur le nombre de bits utiles (44) que les données d'autorisation (34) comprennent, en ce que les données de commande (50) sont envoyées, en plus des données d'autorisation (34), au lecteur (16) dont la mémoire (18), auparavant non initialisée et non programmée, est programmée par les données de commande (50) de façon que le lecteur (16) puisse reconnaître le nombre prédéterminé de bits utiles (44) des données d'autorisation (34) et puisse transmettre exactement le topogramme de distribution de bits ou les bits utiles à l'unité centrale d'évaluation (28).
  2. Installation de contrôle suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que les données de commande (50) renferment des informations supplémentaires (58) sur le genre du format de sortie avec lequel les bits utiles (44) des données d'autorisation (34) sont lus du lecteur (16) et retransmis à l'unité centrale d'évaluation (28).
  3. Installation de contrôle suivant la revendication 1 et/ou la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que les données de commande (50) renferment des données de test (60) avec lesquelles peuvent être réalisées des fonctions de test sur le lecteur (16).
  4. Installation de contrôle suivant une des revendications précédentes 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que les données de commande (50) renferment des données de client supplémentaires (54) qui représentent un numéro de client.
  5. Installation de contrôle suivant la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que la mémoire (18) de lecteur contient une mémoire morte (EEPROM) non programmée (20) dans laquelle sont, une seule fois, écrites les données de client (54) par le support de données (10) et qui y restent en permancence.
  6. Installation de contrôle suivant la revendication 5, caractérisée en ce que le lecteur (16) possède un circuit de comparaison (22) ou un programme de comparaison qui comparent les données de client mémorisées dans la mémoire morte (20) au données de client (54) envoyées par le support de données (10), et en ce que les données d'autorisation (34) ne sont transmises à l'unité d'évaluation (28) que s'il y a concordance des données mentionnées de client (54) provenant du lecteur (16).
EP92116992A 1991-10-23 1992-10-05 Système de contrÔle Expired - Lifetime EP0539763B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4134922A DE4134922C1 (fr) 1991-10-23 1991-10-23
DE4134922 1991-10-23

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0539763A2 EP0539763A2 (fr) 1993-05-05
EP0539763A3 EP0539763A3 (fr) 1995-06-14
EP0539763B1 true EP0539763B1 (fr) 1996-08-14

Family

ID=6443213

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92116992A Expired - Lifetime EP0539763B1 (fr) 1991-10-23 1992-10-05 Système de contrÔle

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5491471A (fr)
EP (1) EP0539763B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE141430T1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2080716C (fr)
DE (2) DE4134922C1 (fr)

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EP0539763A2 (fr) 1993-05-05
CA2080716C (fr) 1999-09-21
ATE141430T1 (de) 1996-08-15
EP0539763A3 (fr) 1995-06-14
US5491471A (en) 1996-02-13
DE4134922C1 (fr) 1992-12-03
DE59206907D1 (de) 1996-09-19
CA2080716A1 (fr) 1993-04-24

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