EP0538857B1 - Anlage zur Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft - Google Patents
Anlage zur Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0538857B1 EP0538857B1 EP92118088A EP92118088A EP0538857B1 EP 0538857 B1 EP0538857 B1 EP 0538857B1 EP 92118088 A EP92118088 A EP 92118088A EP 92118088 A EP92118088 A EP 92118088A EP 0538857 B1 EP0538857 B1 EP 0538857B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- rectification column
- column
- oxygen
- tank
- liquid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
- F25J3/04769—Operation, control and regulation of the process; Instrumentation within the process
- F25J3/04854—Safety aspects of operation
- F25J3/0486—Safety aspects of operation of vaporisers for oxygen enriched liquids, e.g. purging of liquids
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
- F25J3/04254—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using the cold stored in external cryogenic fluids
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/044—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a single pressure main column system only
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04406—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system
- F25J3/04412—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system in a classical double column flowsheet, i.e. with thermal coupling by a main reboiler-condenser in the bottom of low pressure respectively top of high pressure column
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04472—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using the cold from cryogenic liquids produced within the air fractionation unit and stored in internal or intermediate storages
- F25J3/04496—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using the cold from cryogenic liquids produced within the air fractionation unit and stored in internal or intermediate storages for compensating variable air feed or variable product demand by alternating between periods of liquid storage and liquid assist
- F25J3/04503—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using the cold from cryogenic liquids produced within the air fractionation unit and stored in internal or intermediate storages for compensating variable air feed or variable product demand by alternating between periods of liquid storage and liquid assist by exchanging "cold" between at least two different cryogenic liquids, e.g. independently from the main heat exchange line of the air fractionation and/or by using external alternating storage systems
- F25J3/04509—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using the cold from cryogenic liquids produced within the air fractionation unit and stored in internal or intermediate storages for compensating variable air feed or variable product demand by alternating between periods of liquid storage and liquid assist by exchanging "cold" between at least two different cryogenic liquids, e.g. independently from the main heat exchange line of the air fractionation and/or by using external alternating storage systems within the cold part of the air fractionation, i.e. exchanging "cold" within the fractionation and/or main heat exchange line
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
- F25J3/04769—Operation, control and regulation of the process; Instrumentation within the process
- F25J3/04812—Different modes, i.e. "runs" of operation
- F25J3/04824—Stopping of the process, e.g. defrosting or deriming; Back-up procedures
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
- F25J3/04769—Operation, control and regulation of the process; Instrumentation within the process
- F25J3/04812—Different modes, i.e. "runs" of operation
- F25J3/04836—Variable air feed, i.e. "load" or product demand during specified periods, e.g. during periods with high respectively low power costs
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
- F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
- F25J3/04872—Vertical layout of cold equipments within in the cold box, e.g. columns, heat exchangers etc.
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
- F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
- F25J3/0489—Modularity and arrangement of parts of the air fractionation unit, in particular of the cold box, e.g. pre-fabrication, assembling and erection, dimensions, horizontal layout "plot"
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
- F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
- F25J3/04945—Details of internal structure; insulation and housing of the cold box
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
- F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
- F25J3/04951—Arrangements of multiple air fractionation units or multiple equipments fulfilling the same process step, e.g. multiple trains in a network
- F25J3/04963—Arrangements of multiple air fractionation units or multiple equipments fulfilling the same process step, e.g. multiple trains in a network and inter-connecting equipment within or downstream of the fractionation unit(s)
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
- F25J2210/42—Nitrogen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
- F25J2250/30—External or auxiliary boiler-condenser in general, e.g. without a specified fluid or one fluid is not a primary air component or an intermediate fluid
- F25J2250/42—One fluid being nitrogen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
- F25J2290/62—Details of storing a fluid in a tank
Definitions
- the invention relates to a system according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
- An air separation plant and one Air separation processes are from EP-B-0 144 430 known.
- liquid nitrogen becomes one Storage tank in the upper area of the rectification column fed in to extract this heat.
- the storage tank is made from an outer one Source charged with liquid nitrogen.
- Storage tank and rectification column are arranged side by side.
- the storage tank for liquid nitrogen is isolated by a vacuum container, which is like in Tanks for cryogenic liquefied gases common engages around the outer shell of the storage container.
- JP-A-61/31872 shows a plant and a method of the type mentioned at the outset.
- the mass transfer in the rectification column is effected by rectifier trays.
- the invention is based, which To improve the system of the type mentioned at the beginning, especially with regard to the apparatus and operational engineering Effort and flexibility of your Use.
- the system enables considerable cost savings in the manufacture of the system.
- a separately constructed rectification column like the one State of the art, required because of low temperatures in any case a separate elaborate Insulation (cold box). This is expensive in the manufacture, in addition, a variety of Lines (for example the feed line for the Liquid tank) are passed through them.
- the rectification column inside one - anyway for the liquid tank required - vacuum container arranged.
- An own Isolation of the rectification column is completely eliminated.
- the vacuum container needs something run larger if rectification column and tank are placed side by side in it; this compared to the usual vacuum container-tank combination however, effort will be slightly increased far outweighed by saving on the cold box. Overall, this results in comparison with individual Apparatus parts have a smaller surface area, so that the heat incidence without additional measures is minimized.
- the rectification column heats up much less strong as a single column.
- the vacuum container can handle other cold equipment enclose, for example a heat exchanger, in which the separation air against product flows is cooled, or other storage containers or pillars.
- the liquid tank is used to hold a liquefied one Air gas; it can, for example, as Oxygen or be designed as a nitrogen tank. As a rule, it contains the main product of each Investment. However, it is also possible, for example an oxygen system cold in shape supplying nitrogen from a liquid tank or vice versa a nitrogen system in the form of Liquid oxygen.
- the liquid tank From the special training of the liquid tank also depends on the type of connection of the first Feed line with the rectification column from: If, for example the liquid tank to hold Nitrogen is the first feed line with the upper part of the rectification column connected; vice versa it flows into a system whose liquid tank Contains oxygen in the sump of the column. usually the low pressure column of a two-stage column. If the liquid tank is liquefied for storage Air is formed, the first feed line again with the top of the Rectification column, more precisely with one arranged there Condenser-evaporator connected.
- the invention is not based on use limited to exactly one liquid tank.
- two tanks both contain the same fraction, for example Nitrogen or oxygen; but it can also be beneficial be storing different fractions, So for example an oxygen tank and Use the nitrogen tank.
- the plant according to the invention is the rectification column arranged inside the liquid tank.
- the liquid tank can early - for example from a tank truck - be filled, the column also being cooled becomes. So the column is already at its operating temperature, before the rectification at all Gear is set. If the liquid tank is filled with nitrogen filled or an additional nitrogen tank available is also immediately return liquid available: via a feed line liquid nitrogen is fed directly into the column become.
- the invention therefore effects one high flexibility of the system, in particular enables they start very quickly after business interruptions any duration.
- liquid product through the feed line in the Tank returned or vice versa liquid be removed from the tank, preferably by the feed line on the detour via the rectification column.
- the contents of the liquid tank as a cold source can usually be used on others Refrigerant, for example turbines, to be dispensed with, which is expensive to purchase are and above all very high tax and regulatory expenditure require, generally through highly qualified Operating personnel.
- the invention System can easily be fully automated be driven. You only need the liquid tank replenished from outside at certain intervals become.
- the System supplemented by an additional tank that over a second feed line to the rectification column connected is.
- the additional tank is preferably in the same vacuum container as the liquid tank and rectification column housed. There is almost no such thing additional insulation effort.
- Cold can come from any or all of the both tanks are fed, depending on the current Fluid level. For example, it is longer Tent possible to increase the amount of oxygen produce, this depends on the capacity and the initial level of the oxygen tank from; the contained in the liquid oxygen Coldness is caused by the liquefaction of nitrogen saved. If necessary, the product fraction (in the example oxygen) regularly through from outside refilled and at the same time the excess Liquid can be removed.
- liquid tank is designed as a nitrogen tank and the first Feed line with the upper area of the rectification column connected is.
- the rectification column is preferably with a Head capacitor equipped. This contains two Groups of passages.
- the first group of passages is on the input side via the oxygen line with the lower part of the rectification column and on the output side with an oxygen product line connected, the second group of passages on the entrance side as on the output side with the upper one Rectification column area.
- This overhead capacitor is preferred regulated by an upper liquid level regulator, which is an adjustable valve in the first feed line controls. If the fluid level in the Capacitor falls below a predetermined value, becomes (an additional amount) liquid nitrogen fed into the column from the tank. Vice versa can with a very high fluid level, so if there is excess cold in the column, liquid over the feed line is fed into the nitrogen tank become.
- an upper liquid level regulator which is an adjustable valve in the first feed line controls.
- the system preferably has another, lower liquid level regulator at the sump the rectification column, which has an adjustable valve controlled in the oxygen line.
- Oxygen system it is beneficial. if the liquid tank as an oxygen tank and the rectification column as a double column, comprising a pressure column and a low pressure column are formed and that the first feed line with the lower one Area of the low pressure column is connected. More fluid Oxygen can thus be the bottom of the low pressure column fed and thus cold in the Rectification column. Is regulated the liquid supply from the tank via the Liquid level at the bottom of the low pressure column: The fluid level drops due to increased demand off, the missing fluid will flow over the first feed line from the liquid tank added.
- a method is also part of the invention for air separation according to claim 11, with which the system according to the invention is operated.
- Claims 12 to 16 particularly describe advantageous embodiments of this method.
- FIG. 1 The basic structure of an inventive The plant is shown in FIG. 1.
- she shows a liquid tank 1 for holding nitrogen, in whose interior one - in the embodiment single-stage - rectification column is arranged.
- the illustration is not to scale, one with Packed column is in reality much slimmer than the one shown.
- Compressed and cleaned air is piped 3 introduced and in a heat exchanger 4 cooled to about dew point temperature.
- the cold one Air gets into the lower area of the rectification column 2 blown in.
- the rectification column 2 is under pressure operated from 4.5 to 12 bar, preferably about 6 bar. It is in the embodiment with two Sections 6, 7 equipped by orderly packs. Above the pack sections 6, 7 one liquid collector 8, 9 each.
- An oxygen-enriched line can be supplied via an oxygen line 10 Sump liquid can be removed.
- the branch line 10 ' is only used for emptying of column 2 and top condenser 12 at Shutting down the system or for rinsing of the top condenser.
- a nitrogen line 14 leads gaseous nitrogen as a product through the Heat exchanger 4.
- At the top of the column 2 also opens a first feed line 11, directly into the reservoir of the upper liquid distributor 9. It is used for supply and removal of liquid nitrogen and connects the interiors of rectification column 2 and nitrogen tank 1.
- a top condenser 12 is used for liquefaction of nitrogen at the top of the rectification column.
- the tubes indicated in the drawing are towards the interior the column 2 open and thus form the Nitrogen passages (second group of passages). Outside the tubes (first group of passages) there is oxygen-enriched liquid which is brought up via the oxygen line 10. It evaporates in indirect heat exchange with condensing Nitrogen. The evaporated fraction is discharged via an oxygen product line 13 and in the heat exchanger 4 against decomposition air 3 warmed up.
- Two further devices are connected to the feed line 11: Firstly, an emergency supply line 15 with, for example, an air-heated evaporator 16. This is opened as soon as the pressure in the nitrogen line 14 drops below a predetermined value. Then liquid nitrogen is evaporated in the evaporator 16 and led to the nitrogen line 14 via the emergency supply line.
- an emergency supply line 15 with, for example, an air-heated evaporator 16.
- a pressure build-up circuit 17 with a pressure build-up evaporator 18 provided.
- An upper one Liquid level controller 19 controls the level of the top capacitor 12 and acts on a valve 20 in the feed line 11 for nitrogen.
- the fill level of the column sump is replaced by a lower one Liquid level controller 21 monitors. This controls another valve 22 in the oxygen line 10th
- the main difference is one another storage tank, the sump liquid tank 23. This is connected via a second feed line 24 connected to the oxygen line 10.
- the upper Liquid level control 19 ' provides in this embodiment not the flow in the Nitrogen feed line 11, but those in the oxygen line 10.
- the valve 25 is used for this, that between the mouth of the second feed line 24 of liquid oxygen tank 23 and entrance of the Head capacitor 12 is arranged.
- FIG. 3 shows an air separation plant according to the invention, that on oxygen as the main product is aligned.
- the rectification column 2 is here as Double column with pressure column 201 (operating pressure 5 up to 15 bar, preferably about 6 bar) and low pressure column 202 (operating pressure 1.2 to 7 bar, preferably about 1.5 bar) and intermediate Condenser-evaporator 203 is formed.
- Air 3 is after cooling in the heat exchanger 4 in the lower area of the pressure column 201 fed in and pre-disassembled there.
- the products of Pre-disassembly, oxygenated liquid 204 from the sump and liquid nitrogen 205 from Head of the pressure column 201 are in the low pressure column further separated. Leave as products Oxygen (line 10) and nitrogen (line 14) the low pressure column through the heat exchanger 4.
- the system can be operated by pressing three valves (20, 206, 207) in the feed line 11 or 207 in the connecting lines 204 and 205 between pressure and low pressure column to be controlled.
- Three such control loops are sufficient to set up the system fully automated. Of course it must also be ensured that the liquid tank is refilled at longer intervals becomes.
- the heat exchanger 4 here is one of the previous examples different arrangement selected, it is inside the vacuum container 5. in particular the interior of the insulating layer means between the outer wall of the vacuum container and outer shell of the liquid tank).
- the interior of the insulating layer means between the outer wall of the vacuum container and outer shell of the liquid tank).
- FIGS. 1 and 2 Analogous to FIGS. 1 and 2, the system of Figure 3 additionally an emergency supply be connected. About such a device would liquid from the Oxygen tank 1 evaporates and into the oxygen product line 10 fed. Likewise, a Pressure build-up evaporator may be provided.
- the flexibility of the system is also improved.
- the two somewhat smaller tanks can namely both filled with the same liquid and thus operate practically as a tank; on the other hand you can without major structural changes equip the same system so that the two liquid tanks to hold different ones Fractions are suitable, for example one for Nitrogen, the other for oxygen or liquid air.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
- Separation Of Gases By Adsorption (AREA)
- Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Debugging And Monitoring (AREA)
- Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
- Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
Description
- Figur 1
- eine erste Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Anlage zur Gewinnung von Stickstoff mit einem einzigen Tank,
- Figur 2
- eine zweite Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Stickstoffanlage mit zwei Flüssigtanks und
- Figur 3
- ein Ausführungsbeispiel für eine erfindungsgemäße Luftzerlegungsanlage zur Gewinnung von Sauerstoff.
Zum einen eine Notversorgungsleitung 15 mit einem beispielsweise luftbeheizten Verdampfer 16. Diese wird geöffnet, sobald der Druck in der Stickstoffleitung 14 unter einen vorbestimmten Wert absinkt. Dann wird Flüssigstickstoff im Verdampfer 16 verdampft und über die Notversorgungsleitung zur Stickstoffleitung 14 geführt.
Claims (16)
- Anlage zur Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft, mit einer Rektifiziersäule (2), die mit einer Luftleitung (3) zur Zufuhr von Zerlegungsluft, mit einer Stickstoffleitung (14) zum Abzug einer Stickstofffraktion und mit einer Sauerstoffleitung (10) zum Abzug einer Sauerstofffraktion verbunden ist, sowie mit einem Flüssigtank (1), der über eine erste Speiseleitung (11) mit der Rektifiziersäule (2) verbunden ist, wobei der Flüssigtank (1) und die Rektifiziersäule (2) im Inneren eines gemeinsamen Vakuumbehälters (5) angeordnet sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Rektifiziersäule (2) Packungen oder Füllkörper enthält.
- Anlage nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Rektifiziersäule (2) im Inneren des Flüssigtanks (1) angeordnet ist.
- Anlage nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Rektifiziersäule (2) geordnete Packungen (6, 7) enthält.
- Anlage nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, gekennzeichnet durch einen Zusatztank (23), der über eine zweite Speiseleitung (24) mit der Rektifiziersäule (2) verbunden ist.
- Anlage nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Flüssigtank (1) als Stickstofftank ausgebildet ist und die erste Speiseleitung (11) mit dem oberen Bereich der Rektifiziersäule (2) verbunden ist.
- Anlage nach Anspruch 5, gekennzeichnet durch einen Kopfkondensator (12) mit zwei Gruppen von Passagen, wobei die erste Gruppe von Passagen eingangsseitig über die Sauerstoffleitung (10) mit dem unteren Bereich der Rektifiziersäule (2) und ausgangsseitig mit einer Sauerstoffproduktleitung (13) sowie die zweite Gruppe von Passagen eingangsseitig wie ausgangsseitig mit dem oberen Bereich der Rektifiziersäule (2) verbunden ist.
- Anlage nach Anspruch 6, gekennzeichnet durch einen oberen Flüssigkeitsstandregler (19) am Kopfkondensator (12), der ein einstellbares Ventil (20) in der ersten Speiseleitung (11) ansteuert.
- Anlage nach Anspruch 4 und nach einem der Ansprüche 6 oder 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zweite Speiseleitung (24) in die Sauerstoffleitung (10) mündet und daß sie einen oberen Flüssigkeitsstandregler (19') am Kopfkondensator (12) aufweist, der ein einstellbares Ventil (25) ansteuert, welches in der Sauerstoffleitung (10) zwischen Mündung der zweiten Speiseleitung (24) und Kopfkondensator (12) angeordnet ist.
- Anlage nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 8, gekennzeichnet durch einen unteren Flüssigkeitsstandregler (21) am Sumpf der Rektifiziersäule (2), der ein einstellbares Ventil (22) in der Sauerstoffleitung (10) ansteuert.
- Anlage nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Flüssigtank (1) als Sauerstofftank und die Rektifiziersäule (2) als Doppelsäule, umfassend eine Drucksäule (201) und eine Niederdrucksäule (202), ausgebiidet sind und daß die erste Speiseleitung (11) mit dem unteren Bereich der Niederdrucksäule (202) verbunden ist.
- Verfahren zur Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft, bei dem Zerlegungsluft (3) einer Rektifiziersäule (2) zugeführt und eine Stickstofffraktion (14) und eine Sauerstofffraktion (10) aus der Rektifiziersäule (2) abgezogen werden und bei dem der Rektifikation Kälte in Form eines verflüssigten Luftgases aus einem vakuumisolierten Flüssigtank (1) zugeführt wird, wobei der Flüssigtank (1) und die Rektifiziersäule (2) im Inneren eines gemeinsamen Vakuumbehälters (5) angeordnet sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Stoffaustausch in der Rektifiziersäule (2) mindestens teilweise durch Packungen und/oder Füllkörper bewirkt wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Rektifiziersäule (2) im Inneren des Flüssigtanks (1) angeordnet ist.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 11 oder 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Stoffaustausch in der Rektifiziersäule (2) mindestens teilweise durch eine geordnete Packung (6, 7) bewirkt wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 11 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zufuhr von verflüssigtem Luftgas aus dem Flüssigtank (1) in Abhängigkeit vom momentanen Kältebedarf des Verfahrens eingestellt wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine gasförmige Fraktion aus der Rektifiziersäule durch indirekten Wärmeaustausch in einem Kondensator-Verdampfer (12, 203) mindestens teilweise kondensiert wird und daß der momentante Kältebedarf durch Messung des Flüssigkeitsstandes auf der Verdampfungsseite des Kondensator-Verdampfers (12, 203) bestimmt wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das verflüssigte Luftgas aus dem Flüssigtank (1) zur Verdampfungsseite des Kondensator-Verdampfers (12, 203) geführt wird.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4135302 | 1991-10-25 | ||
DE4135302A DE4135302A1 (de) | 1991-10-25 | 1991-10-25 | Anlage zur tieftemperaturzerlegung von luft |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0538857A1 EP0538857A1 (de) | 1993-04-28 |
EP0538857B1 true EP0538857B1 (de) | 2000-01-12 |
EP0538857B2 EP0538857B2 (de) | 2004-10-13 |
Family
ID=6443447
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP92118088A Expired - Lifetime EP0538857B2 (de) | 1991-10-25 | 1992-10-22 | Anlage zur Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0538857B2 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE188771T1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE4135302A1 (de) |
DK (1) | DK0538857T3 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2142811T3 (de) |
GR (1) | GR3033134T3 (de) |
PT (1) | PT538857E (de) |
Families Citing this family (20)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2695714B1 (fr) * | 1992-09-16 | 1994-10-28 | Maurice Grenier | Installation de traitement cryogénique, notamment de distillation d'air. |
FR2704632B1 (fr) * | 1993-04-29 | 1995-06-23 | Air Liquide | Procede et installation pour la separation de l'air. |
FR2706025B1 (fr) † | 1993-06-03 | 1995-07-28 | Air Liquide | Installation de distillation d'air. |
US5617742A (en) * | 1996-04-30 | 1997-04-08 | The Boc Group, Inc. | Distillation apparatus |
EP0908689A3 (de) * | 1997-08-20 | 1999-06-23 | AIR LIQUIDE Japan, Ltd. | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Luftdestillierung |
DE19737520A1 (de) * | 1997-08-28 | 1999-03-04 | Messer Griesheim Gmbh | Anlage zur Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft |
DE19737521A1 (de) * | 1997-08-28 | 1999-03-04 | Messer Griesheim Gmbh | Anlage zur Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft |
FR2771160B1 (fr) * | 1997-11-17 | 2000-01-28 | Air Liquide | Unite de distillation cryogenique |
US5996373A (en) * | 1998-02-04 | 1999-12-07 | L'air Liquide, Societe Ananyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Cryogenic air separation process and apparatus |
DE10210324A1 (de) * | 2002-03-08 | 2003-09-18 | Linde Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines hoch reinen Produkts aus einer Einsatzfraktion |
US6912872B2 (en) | 2002-08-23 | 2005-07-05 | The Boc Group, Inc. | Method and apparatus for producing a purified liquid |
FR2855598B1 (fr) * | 2003-05-28 | 2005-10-07 | Air Liquide | Procede et installation de fourniture de secours d'un gaz sous pression par vaporisation de liquide cryogenique |
US7340921B2 (en) * | 2004-10-25 | 2008-03-11 | L'Air Liquide - Société Anonyme à Directoire et Conseil de Surveillance pour l'Etude et l'Exploitation des Procédés Georges Claude | Cold box and cryogenic plant including a cold box |
FR2903483B1 (fr) * | 2006-07-04 | 2014-07-04 | Air Liquide | Procede et appareil de separation d'air par distillation cryogenique |
FR2906878A1 (fr) * | 2007-01-09 | 2008-04-11 | Air Liquide | Procede et appareil de fourniture d'azote |
FR2913104B1 (fr) * | 2007-02-28 | 2009-11-27 | Air Liquide | Procede et appareil de fourniture d'azote. |
WO2009063146A1 (fr) * | 2008-03-28 | 2009-05-22 | L'air Liquide Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Echangeur de chaleur et appareil de séparation d'air par distillation cryogénique incorporant un tel échangeur |
DE102009008229A1 (de) | 2009-02-10 | 2010-08-12 | Linde Ag | Verfahren zum Abtrennen von Stickstoff |
FR2958026B1 (fr) * | 2010-03-23 | 2014-07-04 | Air Liquide | Appareil de separation d'air par distillation cryogenique |
CN110073135B (zh) * | 2016-12-29 | 2021-08-03 | 乔治洛德方法研究和开发液化空气有限公司 | 在低温条件下建立真空绝热的方法和装置 |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1250848B (de) * | 1967-09-28 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft, Wiesbaden | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft bei Sauerstoffabnahmeschwankungen | |
NL131289C (de) * | 1963-04-25 | |||
US4017284A (en) * | 1973-05-14 | 1977-04-12 | Cryox Corporation | Air distillation apparatus comprising regenerator means for producing oxygen |
DE3486017T3 (de) * | 1983-03-08 | 1999-03-04 | Daido Oxygen | Sehr reiner Stickstoffgaserzeugungsapparat. |
AT386279B (de) * | 1986-04-02 | 1988-07-25 | Voest Alpine Ag | Vorrichtung zur zerlegung von gasen mittels koaxial ineinander angeordneter rektifikationskolonnen |
-
1991
- 1991-10-25 DE DE4135302A patent/DE4135302A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1992
- 1992-10-22 ES ES92118088T patent/ES2142811T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-10-22 AT AT92118088T patent/ATE188771T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-10-22 DK DK92118088T patent/DK0538857T3/da active
- 1992-10-22 EP EP92118088A patent/EP0538857B2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-10-22 DE DE59209795T patent/DE59209795D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-10-22 PT PT92118088T patent/PT538857E/pt unknown
-
2000
- 2000-04-04 GR GR20000400827T patent/GR3033134T3/el not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
PT538857E (pt) | 2000-06-30 |
EP0538857B2 (de) | 2004-10-13 |
EP0538857A1 (de) | 1993-04-28 |
DE4135302A1 (de) | 1993-04-29 |
DE59209795D1 (de) | 2000-02-17 |
GR3033134T3 (en) | 2000-08-31 |
ES2142811T3 (es) | 2000-05-01 |
DK0538857T3 (da) | 2000-05-29 |
ATE188771T1 (de) | 2000-01-15 |
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