EP0537561B1 - Device for removing obstructions in waste pipes - Google Patents
Device for removing obstructions in waste pipes Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0537561B1 EP0537561B1 EP19920116811 EP92116811A EP0537561B1 EP 0537561 B1 EP0537561 B1 EP 0537561B1 EP 19920116811 EP19920116811 EP 19920116811 EP 92116811 A EP92116811 A EP 92116811A EP 0537561 B1 EP0537561 B1 EP 0537561B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cylinder
- support member
- piston
- cap
- constructed
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03C—DOMESTIC PLUMBING INSTALLATIONS FOR FRESH WATER OR WASTE WATER; SINKS
- E03C1/00—Domestic plumbing installations for fresh water or waste water; Sinks
- E03C1/12—Plumbing installations for waste water; Basins or fountains connected thereto; Sinks
- E03C1/30—Devices to facilitate removing of obstructions in waste-pipes or sinks
- E03C1/304—Devices to facilitate removing of obstructions in waste-pipes or sinks using fluid under pressure
- E03C1/308—Devices to facilitate removing of obstructions in waste-pipes or sinks using fluid under pressure by means of a pumping device
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for removing blockages in drain pipes with a bell-like cap made of rubber-elastic material with the features of the preamble of claim 1.
- FIG. 1 Facilities of this type e.g. FR-A-1,602,039 are known. If a drain pipe is clogged, the edge of the cap is placed against the mouth of the drain pipe and a plunger connected to this cap is used to manually move the pump up and down in the axial direction of the cap. water blocked by the blockage at the drain can be exposed to a high pressure which releases the blockage and thereby in turn clears the drain pipe.
- Such facilities have proven their worth. They are used both as household appliances and in commerce.
- the invention now aims to construct a device of this type in such a way that the pumping movement mentioned can be accomplished by motor in order to improve the efficiency of these devices and to facilitate their handling. According to the invention this object is achieved by that measure which is the content and subject of the characterizing part of patent claim 1.
- the device has a cap 1 made of rubber-elastic material, which has a bell-like shape and which with its upper part is more suitable Is attached to a piston 2.
- This piston 2 is shown in an oblique view in FIG. 2.
- a mounting boss 3 At the lower end of the piston is a mounting boss 3, with which the cap 1 is connected.
- the cylindrical section of this piston 2 has a centrally arranged longitudinal slot 5 extending from the upper end face 4.
- An upper transverse bore 6 is provided for receiving an axle pin 7, to which a push rod 8 is articulated.
- a central bore 9 passes through the lower part of this piston 2 in the longitudinal direction.
- This piston 2 is received by a cylinder 10, at the upper end of which a housing 11 is flanged, which accommodates an electric motor (not visible here) which is encapsulated in this housing 11.
- a handle 12 is flanged to the side and protrudes.
- the piston 2 or its central bore 9 is penetrated by a rod-like support member 13, the upper end of which carries a cross pin 14, the two ends of which are received in a stationary manner by bores in the cylinder 10. Relative to the cylinder 10, this cross pin 14 and with it the rod-like support member 13 are mounted in a stationary manner.
- This rod-like support member 13 extends close to the lower edge 15 of the unloaded cap 1, where a pressure ring 16 is provided on the inside thereof, which is firmly connected to the cap or its lower edge.
- a central cross member 17 of this pressure ring 16 carries in its center a joint 18, with which the lower end of the rod-like support member 134 mentioned several times is connected.
- the pressure ring 16, the rod-like support member 13 and the housing 10 form an essentially rigid structural unit.
- the motor encapsulated in the housing 11, which is not shown here, and whose axis of rotation is at right angles to the plane of the drawing, is via a crank mechanism, of which only the push rod here 8 is shown, connected to the upper end of the slotted piston 2, specifically via the journal 7, which is received by the bore 6 in the piston 2.
- the cap 1 preferably has at its upper edge a connection opening 19 with a valve, not shown here, here a water hose can be connected if necessary.
- a handle that extends over the cylinder 10 or the housing 11 can also be arranged; such a possibility is indicated in FIG. 1 by the dashed line 20.
- the cross pin 14 and its position on the cylinder 10, on the one hand, and the axial length of the slot 5 in the piston 2, on the other hand, are dimensioned and so positioned relative to one another that the push rod 8 of the piston 2 in the cylinder 10 can be moved back and forth unhindered.
- a drain line is clogged, the cap 1 is placed on its mouth and by a pressure applied in the axial direction of the device, applied via the handle 12, the lower edge is via the cylinder 10, the cross pin 14, the rod-like support member 13 and the pressure ring 16 15 of the cap 1 pressed against the mouth of the clogged drain pipe.
- the motor is now switched on, the piston 2 periodically moves up and down relative to the fixed cylinder and the fixed support member 13 and thus exerts the pumping movement required to solve the blockage.
- a water hose can be connected to the connection opening 19, whereby the necessary pressurized water can be supplied, which is introduced from the hose into the cap 1.
- a check valve is expediently provided, which prevents the backflow of the water in the cap 1.
- the housing 11 and the cylinder 10 form a self-contained cavity, because the drive motor is encapsulated, the air enclosed here can flow into or out of this cavity through those valves which are arranged in the housing, mentioned above, but are not shown in the figures.
- These valves relieving the void are useful for the following reason: If the device is used in a pool that is partly filled with water, for example in a shower cup whose drain is blocked, and the device connected to the electrical supply network may fall over due to carelessness by the operator, This means that the device can be wholly or partially in the water while it is under voltage.
- the valves mentioned then reliably prevent water from flowing into the cavity mentioned and possibly coming into contact with live parts of the electric motor despite the aforementioned encapsulation.
- FIG. 3 differs from the first discussed only by the design of the support member 13 and the piston 2.
- the support member 13 is formed as a bracket that spans the cap 1 on the outside, here the pressure ring 15 also on the outside with the edge 15 of the Cap 1 is connected.
- the piston 2 used here need not have a longitudinal slot 5 like that according to the embodiment in Fig. 1, here a slight incision at the upper end of the piston 2 may be sufficient to accommodate the lower end of the push rod 8.
- a slight incision at the upper end of the piston 2 may be sufficient to accommodate the lower end of the push rod 8.
- a crank mechanism is provided for driving the piston, of which only the push rod 8 is shown in FIG. 1.
- a double-threaded screw could be arranged in the cylinder 10, which is coaxial with the cylinder.
- the piston 2 is then designed as a nut.
- the drive axis of the engine is then also at least parallel to the axis of the cylinder 10 or to its axis. If the double-threaded screw mentioned is then rotated by means of the motor, the piston 2, which is then designed as a nut, constantly moves up and down during the rotation of the threaded rod, as a result of which the desired pump movement is generated.
- a longitudinal guide can be provided in the cylinder for the piston 2, which prevents its rotation.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Details Of Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Einrichtung zur Beseitigung von Verstopfungen in Abflußrohren mit einer glockenartigen, aus gummielastischem Material bestehenden Kappe mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffes des Patentanspruches 1.The invention relates to a device for removing blockages in drain pipes with a bell-like cap made of rubber-elastic material with the features of the preamble of claim 1.
Einrichtungen dieser Art z.B. FR-A-1,602,039 sind bekannt. Ist ein Abflußrohr verstopft, so wird die Kappe mit ihrem Rand an die Mündungsöffnung des Abflußrohres angelegt und mittels eines Stößels, der mit dieser Kappe verbunden ist, wird manuell in Achsrichtung der Kappe eine auf- und abgehende Pumpbewegung ausgeführt, wodurch das im Abflußsystem befindliche, durch die Verstopfung am Abfluß gehinderte Wasser einem hohen Druck ausgesetzt werden kann, der die Verstopfung löst und dadurch das Abflußrohr wiederum frei macht. Solche Einrichtungen haben sich bewährt. Sie werden sowohl als Haushaltsgeräte wie auch im Gewerbe verwendet.Facilities of this type e.g. FR-A-1,602,039 are known. If a drain pipe is clogged, the edge of the cap is placed against the mouth of the drain pipe and a plunger connected to this cap is used to manually move the pump up and down in the axial direction of the cap. water blocked by the blockage at the drain can be exposed to a high pressure which releases the blockage and thereby in turn clears the drain pipe. Such facilities have proven their worth. They are used both as household appliances and in commerce.
Die Erfindung zielt nun darauf ab, eine Einrichtung dieser Art konstruktiv so zu gestalten, daß die erwähnte Pumpbewegung motorisch bewerkstelligt werden kann, um die Effizienz dieser Einrichtungen zu verbessern und ihre Handhabung zu erleichtern. Erfindungsgemäß gelingt die Lösung dieser Aufgabe durch jene Maßnahme, die Inhalt und Gegenstand des kennzeichnenden Teiles des Patentanspruches 1 sind.The invention now aims to construct a device of this type in such a way that the pumping movement mentioned can be accomplished by motor in order to improve the efficiency of these devices and to facilitate their handling. According to the invention this object is achieved by that measure which is the content and subject of the characterizing part of patent claim 1.
Zur Veranschaulichung der Erfindung wird diese anhand der Zeichnung an zwei Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert. Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- einen Längsschnitt durch eine erste Ausführungsform;
- Fig. 2
- den Kolben im Detail und in Schrägsicht;
- Fig. 3
- einen Teillängsschnitt durch eine zweite Ausführungsform der Erfindung.
- Fig. 1
- a longitudinal section through a first embodiment;
- Fig. 2
- the piston in detail and in an oblique view;
- Fig. 3
- a partial longitudinal section through a second embodiment of the invention.
In einer ersten Ausführungsform besitzt die Einrichtung eine aus gummielastischem Material gefertigte Kappe 1, die eine glockenartige Form besitzt und die mit ihrem oberen Teil in geeigneter Weise an einem Kolben 2 befestigt ist. Dieser Kolben 2 ist in Fig. 2 in Schrägsicht dargestellt.In a first embodiment, the device has a cap 1 made of rubber-elastic material, which has a bell-like shape and which with its upper part is more suitable Is attached to a
Am unteren Ende des Kolbens ist ein Befestigungsansatz 3, mit welchem die Kappe 1 verbunden ist. Der zylindrische Abschnitt dieses Kolbens 2 besitzt einen mittig angeordneten, von der oberen Stirnseite 4 ausgehenden Längsschlitz 5. Eine obere Querbohrung 6 ist für die Aufnahme eines Achszapfens 7 vorgesehen, an welchem eine Schubstange 8 angelenkt ist. Eine zentrale Bohrung 9 durchsetzt in Längsrichtung den unteren Teil dieses Kolbens 2.At the lower end of the piston is a
Dieser Kolben 2 ist von einem Zylinder 10 aufgenommen, an dessen oberem Ende ein Gehäuse 11 angeflanscht ist, das einen hier nicht sichtbaren Elektromotor aufnimmt, der in diesem Gehäuse 11 gekapselt untergebracht ist. Seitlich auskragend ist noch ein Handgriff 12 angeflanscht.This
Der Kolben 2 bzw. dessen mittige Bohrung 9 ist von einem stabartigen Stützglied 13 durchsetzt, dessen oberes Ende einen Querstift 14 trägt, dessen beidseitige Enden von Bohrungen im Zylinder 10 ortsfest aufgenommen sind. Bezogen auf den Zylinder 10 ist dieser Querstift 14 und mit ihm das stabartige Stützglied 13 ortsfest gelagert. Dieses stabartige Stützglied 13 ragt bis nahe zum unteren Rand 15 der unbelasteten Kappe 1, wo an deren Innenseite ein Druckring 16 vorgesehen ist, der mit der Kappe bzw. deren unteren Rand fest verbunden ist. Ein mittlerer Querholm 17 dieses Druckringes 16 trägt in seiner Mitte ein Gelenk 18, mit welchem das untere Ende des mehrfach erwähnten stabartigen Stützgliedes 134 verbunden ist. Der Druckring 16, das stabartige Stützglied 13 und das Gehäuse 10 bilden eine in sich im wesentlichen starre Baueinheit.The
Der im Gehäuse 11 gekapselt angeordnete Motor, der hier nicht dargestellt ist, und dessen Drehachse rechtwinkelig zur Zeichenebene steht, ist über einen Kurbeltrieb, von dem hier nur die Schubstange 8 gezeigt ist, mit dem oberen Ende des geschlitzten Kolbens 2 verbunden, und zwar über den Achszapfen 7, der von der Bohrung 6 im Kolben 2 aufgenommen ist. Zweckmäßigerweise besitzt die Kappe 1 vorzugsweise an ihrem oberen Rand eine Anschlußöffnung 19 mit einem hier nicht dargestellten Ventil, hier kann ein Wasserschlauch im Bedarfsfall angeschlossen werden.The motor encapsulated in the
Im Gehäuse 11 oder eventuell auch im oberen Teil des Zylinders 10, sofern dieser Teil vom Kolben 2 beim betriebsmäßigen Einsatz nicht überfahren wird, können noch zwei Öffnungen vorgesehen sein, in welchen je ein Einlaß-und je ein Auslaßventil angeordnet ist, diese sind hier jedoch nicht veranschaulicht.In the
Anstelle eines seitlich auskragenden Handgriffes 12 kann auch ein den Zylinder 10 bzw. das Gehäuse 11 übergreifender Handgriff angeordnet werden, eine solche Möglichkeit ist in Fig. 1 mit der strichlierten Linie 20 angedeutet.Instead of a laterally
Der Querstift 14 und seine Lage am Zylinder 10 einerseits und die Achslänge des Schlitzes 5 im Kolben 2 andererseits sind so bemessen und so relativ zueinander gelagert, daß mit der Schubstange 8 der Kolben 2 im Zylinder 10 ungehindert hin und her bewegt werden kann.The
Ist eine Abflußleitung verstopft, so wird auf deren Mündungsöffnung die Kappe 1 aufgesetzt und durch eine in Achsrichtung der Einrichtung ausgeübte, über den Handgriff 12 aufgebrachte Anpreßkraft wird über den Zylinder 10, den Querstift 14, das stabartige Stützglied 13 und den Druckring 16 der untere Rand 15 der Kappe 1 an die Mündungsöffnung des verstopften Abflußrohres angepreßt. Wird nun der Motor zugeschaltet, so bewegt sich der Kolben 2 gegenüber dem feststehenden Zylinder und dem feststehenden Stützglied 13 periodisch auf und ab und übt so die zur Lösung der Verstopfung erforderliche Pumpbewegung aus. Falls die Verstopfung den Abfluß nicht vollständig verlegt haben sollte, durch den Abfluß Wasser zwar abrinnt, aber nicht in der vorgesehenen Menge, kann an der Anschlußöffnung 19 ein Wasserschlauch angeschlossen werden, womit das notwendige Druckwasser zugeleitet werden kann, das vom Schlauch in die Kappe 1 eingeleitet wird. In dieser Anschlußöffnung 19 ist zweckmäßigerweise ein Rückschlagventil vorgesehen, das den Rückfluß des in der Kappe 1 befindlichen Wassers verhindert.If a drain line is clogged, the cap 1 is placed on its mouth and by a pressure applied in the axial direction of the device, applied via the
Da das Gehäuse 11 und der Zylinder 10 einen in sich geschlossenen Hohlraum bilden, denn der Antriebsmotor ist ja gekapselt, kann die hier eingeschlossene Luft durch jene Ventile in diesen Hohlraum ein- bzw. aus diesem Hohlraum ausströmen, die im Gehäuse angeordnet, oben erwähnt, aber in den Figuren nicht gezeigt sind. Diese den Hohlraum entlastenden Ventile sind aus folgendem Grund zweckmäßig: Wird die Einrichtung in einem zum Teil mit Wasser gefüllten Becken verwendet, beispielsweise bei einer Brausetasse, deren Abfluß verstopft ist, und fällt das mit dem elektrischen Versorgungsnetz verbundene Gerät eventuell aus Unachtsamkeit der Bedienungsperson um, so kann das Gerät ganz oder teilweise im Wasser liegen, während es unter elektrischer Spannung steht. Die genannten Ventile verhindern dann zuverlässig, daß Wasser in den erwähnten Hohlraum einfließt und eventuell trotz der genannten Kapselung mit unter Spannung stehenden Teilen des Elektromotors in Kontakt tritt.Since the
Das Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 3 unterscheidet sich vom erstbesprochenen nur durch die Ausbildung des Stützgliedes 13 und den Kolben 2. Hier ist das Stützglied 13 als Bügel ausgebildet, der die Kappe 1 außenseitig überspannt, wobei hier der Druckring 15 ebenfalls außenseitig mit dem Rand 15 der Kappe 1 verbunden ist. Der hier verwendete Kolben 2 braucht keinen Längsschlitz 5 aufzuweisen wie jener nach dem Ausführungsbeispiel in Fig. 1, hier genügt eventuell ein geringfügiger Einschnitt am oberen Ende des Kolbens 2 zur Aufnahme des unteren Endes der Schubstange 8. Die Arbeitsweise dieser Einrichtung ergibt sich unmittelbar aus dem oben Gesagten und bedarf aus diesem Grund hier keiner weiteren Erklärung.The embodiment of FIG. 3 differs from the first discussed only by the design of the
Zum Antrieb des Kolbens ist hier ein Kurbelgetriebe vorgesehen, von dem in Fig. 1 nur die Schubstange 8 gezeigt ist. Grundsätzlich gibt es auch andere motorische Antriebe für diesen Zweck. So könnte beispielsweise im Zylinder 10 eine doppelläufige Gewindespindel angeordnet werden, die mit dem Zylinder koaxial liegt. Der Kolben 2 ist dann als Mutter ausgebildet. Die Antriebsachse des Motors liegt dann ebenfalls in der Achse des Zylinders 10 bzw. zu dessen Achse zumindest parallel. Wird dann mittels des Motors die erwähnte doppelläufige Gewindespindel gedreht, so wandert der Kolben 2, der dann als Mutter ausgebildet ist, während der Drehung der Gewindestange ständig auf und ab, wodurch die gewünschte Pumpbewegung erzeugt wird. In diesem Fall kann im Zylinder noch eine Längsführung vorgesehen werden für den Kolben 2, die dessen Verdrehung verhindert.A crank mechanism is provided for driving the piston, of which only the
Claims (13)
- A device for removing blockages in outflow pipes, having a bell-like cap (1) which consists of a rubber material and the edge of which can be applied to the opening of the outflow pipe and which is connected to a plunger in order to perform pumping movements, characterized in that the plunger is constructed in the form of a piston (2) mounted displaceably in a cylinder (10), and the cylinder (10) is connected by way of at least one support member (13) to the edge (15) of the cap (1) which can be applied to the opening of the outflow pipe.
- A device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the support member (13) is constructed like a rod and passes through the cylinder (10) and the piston (2) in the axial direction thereof, wherein the lower end of the support member (13) is connected by way of at least one crosshead (17) to a thrust ring (16) arranged in the region of the cap (1) near the edge, and the upper end of the support member (13) is securely connected to the cylinder (10).
- A device according to Claim 2, characterized in that a transverse pin (14) is provided for securely connecting the upper end of the support member (13) to the cylinder (10), the transverse pin (14) passing transversely through the upper end of the support member (13), and the two free ends of the said transverse pin (14) being received by bores in the wall of the cylinder (10).
- A device according to Claim 2, characterized in that the connexion between the lower end of the support member (13) and the crosshead (17) is constructed in the form of a joint (18).
- A device according to Claim 3, characterized in that the transverse pin (14) provided at the upper end of the support member (13) passes through the piston (2), and the piston (2) has a longitudinal slot (5) for receiving the transverse pin (14), wherein the length of the said longitudinal slot is at least as great as the stroke of the piston (2).
- A device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the support member (13) is constructed in the form of a hoop spanning the cap (1) on the outside and connected to a thrust ring (16) arranged in the region of the cap (1) near the edge, wherein the upper end of the hoop is secured to the cylinder (10), preferably to the lower portion thereof (Fig. 3).
- A device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the piston (2) is connected at the upper end thereof to a thrust rod (8) drivable by a motor.
- A device according to Claim 7, characterized in that the motor driving the thrust rod (8) is constructed in the form of an electric motor and is enclosed.
- A device according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that a laterally projecting handle (12) is provided at the upper end of the cylinder (10).
- A device according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that a handle engaging over the cylinder is provided at the upper end of the cylinder.
- A device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the cap (1) has an attachment opening (19) for attaching a water hose.
- A device according to Claim 11, characterized in that a valve operating preferably automatically is arranged in the attachment opening (19).
- A device according to Claim 8, characterized in that the axis of the electric motor is at right angles to the axis of the cylinder (10).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT205391A AT396800B (en) | 1991-10-16 | 1991-10-16 | DEVICE FOR ELIMINATING PLUGS IN DRAIN PIPES |
AT2053/91 | 1991-10-16 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0537561A1 EP0537561A1 (en) | 1993-04-21 |
EP0537561B1 true EP0537561B1 (en) | 1995-11-22 |
Family
ID=3526766
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19920116811 Expired - Lifetime EP0537561B1 (en) | 1991-10-16 | 1992-10-01 | Device for removing obstructions in waste pipes |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0537561B1 (en) |
AT (1) | AT396800B (en) |
DE (1) | DE59204425D1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4337380A1 (en) * | 1993-11-02 | 1995-05-04 | Anton Schell | Device for cleaning discharge lines |
CN103352496A (en) * | 2013-07-23 | 2013-10-16 | 无锡市伟丰印刷机械厂 | Drainage dredging machine with amplifying circuit |
CN103711186A (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2014-04-09 | 柳州博泽科技有限公司 | High-pressure water cleaning device for drainage pipeline |
CN103711187A (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2014-04-09 | 柳州博泽科技有限公司 | Cleaning device for drainage pipeline |
DE102015121908A1 (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2017-06-22 | Hans Fruth | Device for removing blockages in pipelines and module for hand tools for removing obstructions in pipelines |
DE102021004277A1 (en) | 2021-08-21 | 2023-02-23 | Kastriot Merlaku | drain cleaner |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2164580A (en) * | 1938-11-02 | 1939-07-04 | Jasper G Elmore | Hydraulic force pump |
US2607927A (en) * | 1949-06-17 | 1952-08-26 | Eben L Scott | Force cup for cleaning drain pipes and the like |
NL6818498A (en) * | 1968-01-04 | 1969-07-08 | ||
US4053955A (en) * | 1976-01-02 | 1977-10-18 | Canham Morris H | Drain cleaning tool |
US4445236A (en) * | 1983-02-07 | 1984-05-01 | Henry Nadolny | Push-through pump |
ATE53088T1 (en) * | 1985-11-26 | 1990-06-15 | Martin Girse | HANDHELD DEVICE FOR CLEANING CLOGGED DRAINS. |
-
1991
- 1991-10-16 AT AT205391A patent/AT396800B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1992
- 1992-10-01 DE DE59204425T patent/DE59204425D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-10-01 EP EP19920116811 patent/EP0537561B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0537561A1 (en) | 1993-04-21 |
AT396800B (en) | 1993-11-25 |
ATA205391A (en) | 1993-04-15 |
DE59204425D1 (en) | 1996-01-04 |
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