EP0530752B1 - Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Beschichten - Google Patents

Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Beschichten Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0530752B1
EP0530752B1 EP19920114937 EP92114937A EP0530752B1 EP 0530752 B1 EP0530752 B1 EP 0530752B1 EP 19920114937 EP19920114937 EP 19920114937 EP 92114937 A EP92114937 A EP 92114937A EP 0530752 B1 EP0530752 B1 EP 0530752B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
web
coating
support
belt
backup roller
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19920114937
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0530752A1 (de
Inventor
Kenji c/o Fuji Photo Film Co. Ltd. Nakajima
Kimiaki C/O Fuji Photo Film Co. Ltd. Miyamoto
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fujifilm Holdings Corp
Original Assignee
Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd filed Critical Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd
Publication of EP0530752A1 publication Critical patent/EP0530752A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0530752B1 publication Critical patent/EP0530752B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D3/14—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by electrical means
    • B05D3/141—Plasma treatment
    • B05D3/142—Pretreatment
    • B05D3/144—Pretreatment of polymeric substrates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/007—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials using an electrostatic field
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
    • G03C1/74—Applying photosensitive compositions to the base; Drying processes therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/26—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by applying the liquid or other fluent material from an outlet device in contact with, or almost in contact with, the surface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D2252/00—Sheets
    • B05D2252/02—Sheets of indefinite length
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D3/02—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by baking
    • B05D3/0218—Pretreatment, e.g. heating the substrate
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
    • G03C1/76—Photosensitive materials characterised by the base or auxiliary layers
    • G03C1/91—Photosensitive materials characterised by the base or auxiliary layers characterised by subbing layers or subbing means
    • G03C1/915—Photosensitive materials characterised by the base or auxiliary layers characterised by subbing layers or subbing means using mechanical or physical means therefor, e.g. corona
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
    • G03C1/74—Applying photosensitive compositions to the base; Drying processes therefor
    • G03C2001/7418—Backup roll

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a coating apparatus according to the precharacterising part of claim 1 and to a method for applying a coating solution onto a belt-shaped flexible support.
  • An apparatus and a method of this type are known from e.g. JP-A-2 223 945.
  • Such an apparatus and such a coating method are used for applying a variety of liquid-phase compound materials to a belt-shaped flexible support (hereinafter referred to as "a web", when applicable) which is run continuously, to manufacture photographing photo-sensitive materials such as photographing film and photographic paper, photographic printing plate, pressure-sensitive sheets, heat-sensitive sheets, and so forth.
  • Examples of a conventional coating method in which a web is electrostatically charged to coat it with a coating solution are for instance as follows:
  • the first and second coating methods suffer from the following problem: In the case where the surface of the web is relatively large in the number of polar groups; for instance in the case where, as in the case of the second coating method, the web contains surface active agent, the coating condition of the surface of the web is improved which is probably due to the orientation of the polar groups in the surface of the web as well as an electrostatic attraction force provided by the electric field applied thereto, as a result of which the coating speed can be increased.
  • the coating condition of the surface of the web is not bettered, and the coating speed cannot be increased so much as expected.
  • the surface of the web is made uniform in potential distribution by heating the web which has been electrostatically charged, whereby the difficulty is eliminated that streaks are formed on the coating solution layer on the support.
  • the surface potential is lowered, as a result of which it is difficult to maintain the surface potential so high, and the coating speed cannot be increased so much as expected.
  • Another method and apparatus for applying a coating liquid to a moving web is known from EP-A-0 299 492.
  • an object of this invention is to eliminate the above-described difficulties accompanying a conventional coating method.
  • an object of the invention is to provide a coating method in which, even in the case where the surface of a web is relatively low in the number of polar groups, a relatively high potential can be uniformly applied to the surface of the web, and the critical coating speed can be greatly increased.
  • the surface of a web 1 is made single polar by electrostatically charging it by corona discharge.
  • the web 1 is heated to 35°C to 45°C while passing through a heating zone 2.
  • the web 1 thus heated is electrostatically charged by a corona discharge electrode 7 which is connected to a DC high voltage source 3 and is confronted with a grounding electrode 8, so that the surface of the web is made single polar, having a potential of 0.5 to 2 kV.
  • the web 1 thus processed is delivered to a coating backup roller 4 while being maintained sufficiently high in temperature, where a coating solution 6 from a coating nozzle 5 is applied to the web.
  • a DC high voltage is applied to a web 1 at a backup roller.
  • the web 1 is heated to 35°C to 45°C at a heating zone 2.
  • the web 1 thus heated is delivered to a coating backup roller 4 to which a DC high voltage is applied by a DC high voltage source 3, where a coating solution 6 from a coating die 5 is applied to the web 1.
  • the web is heated to 35°C to 45°C. This will be described in more detail.
  • a coating operation is carried out at a room temperature of 20°C to 25°C.
  • the web is heated to 35°C to 45°C by convection by using hot air, or by conduction by bringing it into contact with a high temperature pass roll, or by radiation by using infrared rays. If the temperature of the web thus heated is less than 35°C, then the macromolecules in the surface of the web are greatly limited in mobility, so that the coating speed cannot be increased so much as expected. In addition, when the temperature of the web is higher than 45°C, then the coating solution setting conditions are not satisfied.
  • the surface potential of the web on the backup roller is set to 0.5 to 2.0 kV.
  • two methods are employed; in the first method, the web is charged by corona discharge; and in the second method, a DC voltage is applied to the backup roller.
  • a wire-like conductor 100 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m in diameter is laid tight with a tension of 1 kg or higher, and intermediate frames support the wired at points spaced at an interval of not more than 300 mm.
  • Each intermediate holding frame is shifted in the longitudinal direction on each wire form a superposed (aligned) position on the wires in the transfer direction with a shift ⁇ 20 mm from the immediately previous adjacent wire so that the distance between the wire-like, electrode and the web is smaller at the end of the wire than at the middle.
  • the journal of the backup roller is insulated with a ceramic cover and supported with a fluid bearing, and a connecting terminal other than a brush type slip ring is provided at a rotary part which is an extension of the journal, and connected to the DC high voltage source.
  • the rotation is steady.
  • a high voltage of 0.5 to 3 kV can be positively applied (cf. Japanese Patent Application (OPI) No. 251266/1990.
  • the surface of the web on the backup roller can be set uniformly to 0.5 to 2.0 kV, preferably 0.5 to 1.2 kV.
  • the polar groups of macromolecules are orientated in the surface of the web, thus increasing the web's surface energy, which improves the coating conditions.
  • the electrostatic attraction force by the electrostatic field facilitates the sticking of the coating solution to the surface of the web.
  • the term "belt-shaped flexible support” or "web” as used herein is intended to include those of paper, plastic film, resin-coated paper, and synthetic paper.
  • the material of the plastic film are polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene, vinyl copolymers such as polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl chloride and polystyrene, polyamide such as 6,6-nylon and 6-nylon, polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene-2, and 6-napthalate, and polycarbonate, and cellulose acetates such as cellulose triacetate and cellulose diacetate.
  • An undercoat layer of gelatin may be formed on the web as the case may be.
  • the resin employed for manufacture of the resin-coated paper is typically polyolefin such as polyethylene.
  • a web of resin-coated paper is not limited in surface roughness; that is, not only a web of resin-coated paper whose surface is smooth, but also one whose surface is rough can be employed.
  • the critical coating speed is increased according to the invention.
  • coating solution as used herein is intended to include a variety of coating solutions, such as those used to form a photo emulsion layer, undercoat layer, protective layer and a back layer thereby to form a photographing photo-sensitive material, or those for forming an adhesive layer, coloring layer, rust-proofing layer, etc.
  • Those coating solutions may contain water-soluble binder, or organic binder.
  • a slide coating method for instance a slide coating method, roller bead coating method, spray coating method, extrusion coating method, and curtain coating method may be employed.
  • a web was prepared by forming a gelatin layer 0.3 ⁇ m in thickness on a coating surface of a polyethylene resin coated sheet 220 ⁇ m in thickness, and an alumina-sol layer on the rear surface.
  • the coating surface had an average surface roughness (Ra) of 4 to 5 ⁇ m.
  • the surface of the web was 3 x 10 -3 equivalent/m 2 in the number of polar groups.
  • Color paper coating solutions were employed.
  • the layer structure was made up of three photo-sensitive layers containing silver halide, three color filter layers, and one protective layer.
  • a total quantity of coating solutions supplied per unitary web area 1 m 2 was 106 ml.
  • the density of gelatin was 6% by weight, the viscosity was 40 cp (with a shear rate of 50 sec -1 ), and the quantity of supply was 14.4 ml/m 2 .
  • a slide bead coating method was employed.
  • the pressure of the pressure reducing chamber was set to a value lower by 40 mm H 2 O than the atmospheric pressure.
  • the gap between the end of the coating nozzle and the web was about 400 ⁇ m.
  • a heating method using a hot air at 70°C to 50°C was employed.
  • the length of the web in the heating zone was 18 m.
  • the temperature of the web which was going to be coated being on the coating backup roller was measured as a web temperature.
  • the web was electrostatically charged as shown in FIG. 1.
  • the distance between the backup roller 4 and the corona discharge electrode 7 adapted to electrostatically change the web by corona discharge so as to make the web's surface single polar was short, 2 m.
  • the web was substantially free from temperature difference.
  • the surface potential of the web which was going to be coated being on the coating backup roller was measured as a web temperature.
  • the critical speeds were measured when, depending on the web potential and web temperature, an air layer accompanying the web obstructed the application of the coating solution to the web.
  • the results of measurement are as indicated in the following Table 1: 0 kV 0.5 kV 1.0 kV 1.2 kV 22°C 178 m/min 200 m/min 204 m/min 203 m/min 32°C 180 m/min 205 m/min 218 m/min 228 m/min 38°C 195 m/min 240 m/min 248 m/min 260 m/min 45°C 197 m/min 243 m/min 255 m/min 270 m/min
  • the web temperatures were 38°C and 45°C, and the web potentials were 0.5 kV, 1.0 kV, and 1.2 kV, as indicated in Table 1.
  • the critical coating speed was 200 m/min, as shown in Table 1.
  • this critical coating speed was increased to 240 m/min. by raising the web temperature to 38°C according to the invention.
  • the critical coating speed was 203 m/min. This critical coating speed was increased to 270 m/min.
  • the surface of the product was satisfactory being free from defects such as streaks and non-uniform thickness.
  • the coating method of the invention even in the case where the surface of the web is relatively low in the number of polar groups, relatively high potential can be provided uniform on the surface of the web, and the critical coating speed can be greatly increased.

Claims (2)

  1. Eine Beschichtungsvorrichtung, umfassend:
    eine Stützwalze (4);
    einen bandförmigen flexiblen Träger (1), der auf der Stützwalze (4) gehaltert ist;
    eine Heizeinrichtung (2) zum Erwärmen des bandförmigen flexiblen Trägers (1);
    eine Entladeeinrichtung (7, 8; 3, 4) zum Einstellen eines Oberflächenpotentials des bandförmigen flexiblen Trägers (1); und
    eine Beschichtungsdüse (5) zum Aufbringen einer Beschichtungslösung auf eine Oberfläche des bandförmigen flexiblen Trägers (1);
    in welcher die Heizeinrichtung (2) stromaufwärtsseitig in bezug auf die Entladeeinrichtung (7, 8; 3, 4) und die Beschichtungsdüse (5) stromabwärtsseitig in bezug auf die Entladeeinrichtung (7, 8; 3, 4) angeordnet ist,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
    die Heizeinrichtung (2) zum Erwärmen des bandförmigen flexiblen Trägers (1) auf 35°C bis 45°C ausgelegt ist, und
    die Entladeeinrichtung (7, 8; 3, 4) zum Einstellen des Oberflächenpotentials von 0,5 bis 2 kV ausgelegt ist.
  2. Ein Verfahren zum Aufbringen einer Beschichtungslösung auf einen bandförmigen flexiblen Träger (1), der kontinuierlich bewegt wird, wobei der bandförmige Träger (1) auf einer Stützwalze (4) gehaltert ist und die Beschichtungslösung aus einer Beschichtungsdüse (5) zugeführt und auf den Träger (1) aufgebracht wird, umfassend die Schritte:
    Erwärmen des Trägers;
    Einstellen eines Oberflächenpotentials auf dem Träger auf der Stützwalze; und
    Aufbringen der Beschichtungslösung auf den Träger;
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
    der Träger (1) auf 35°C bis 45°C erwärmt wird; und
    das Oberflächenpotential auf 0,5 bis 2,0 kV eingestellt wird.
EP19920114937 1991-09-02 1992-09-01 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Beschichten Expired - Lifetime EP0530752B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP246476/91 1991-09-02
JP3246476A JP2835659B2 (ja) 1991-09-02 1991-09-02 塗布方法

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0530752A1 EP0530752A1 (de) 1993-03-10
EP0530752B1 true EP0530752B1 (de) 1999-01-13

Family

ID=17148973

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19920114937 Expired - Lifetime EP0530752B1 (de) 1991-09-02 1992-09-01 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Beschichten

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0530752B1 (de)
JP (1) JP2835659B2 (de)
DE (1) DE69228160T2 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6716286B2 (en) 2000-04-06 2004-04-06 3M Innovative Properties Company Electrostatically assisted coating method and apparatus with focused electrode field

Families Citing this family (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB9503849D0 (en) * 1995-02-25 1995-04-19 Kodak Ltd Improvements in or relating to curtain coating
EP0836117B1 (de) * 1996-10-09 2003-06-18 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Vorhangbeschichtungsverfahren
JP3837875B2 (ja) * 1997-10-31 2006-10-25 コニカミノルタホールディングス株式会社 塗布方法及び塗布装置
US6040109A (en) * 1998-03-25 2000-03-21 Agfa-Gevaert, N.V. Method for preparing an image element for making an improved printing plate according to the silver salt diffusion transfer process
EP0945756B1 (de) * 1998-03-25 2003-05-21 Agfa-Gevaert Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Bildelements zur Herstellung einer verbesserten Druckplatte nach dem Silbersalz-Diffusionsübertragungsverfahren
US6177141B1 (en) * 1998-11-03 2001-01-23 Eastman Kodak Company Method for coating a liquid composition to a web using a backing roller with a relieved surface
GB9828303D0 (en) 1998-12-23 1999-02-17 Eastman Kodak Co Improvements relating to photographic processes
GB9828305D0 (en) 1998-12-23 1999-02-17 Eastman Kodak Co Device to reduce electrostatic pattern transfer in coating processes
US6475572B2 (en) 2000-04-06 2002-11-05 3M Innovative Properties Company Electrostatically assisted coating method with focused web-borne charges
US6511711B2 (en) 2000-12-21 2003-01-28 Eastman Kodak Company Slide bead coating method
JP4175778B2 (ja) 2001-01-18 2008-11-05 富士フイルム株式会社 塗布方法
JP4326711B2 (ja) 2001-02-28 2009-09-09 富士フイルム株式会社 カーテン塗布方法
FI115408B (fi) * 2002-01-31 2005-04-29 Ciba Sc Holding Ag Menetelmä paperi- tai kartonkirainan päällystämiseksi, menetelmän käyttö ja päällystyspasta

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4457256A (en) * 1981-01-05 1984-07-03 Polaroid Corporation Precharged web coating apparatus
JPS61146370A (ja) * 1984-12-18 1986-07-04 Konishiroku Photo Ind Co Ltd 塗布方法
JPS61161177A (ja) * 1985-01-11 1986-07-21 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd 塗布バツクアツプロ−ラへの給電方法
JPH0627928B2 (ja) * 1985-06-04 1994-04-13 富士写真フイルム株式会社 写真感光材料の製造方法
JPH0625854B2 (ja) * 1987-07-17 1994-04-06 富士写真フイルム株式会社 塗布方法
JP2747837B2 (ja) * 1989-03-10 1998-05-06 富士写真フイルム株式会社 支持体の帯電方法

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6716286B2 (en) 2000-04-06 2004-04-06 3M Innovative Properties Company Electrostatically assisted coating method and apparatus with focused electrode field

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69228160T2 (de) 1999-05-20
JPH0561151A (ja) 1993-03-12
DE69228160D1 (de) 1999-02-25
EP0530752A1 (de) 1993-03-10
JP2835659B2 (ja) 1998-12-14

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