EP0530287B1 - Tandemabschusssystem mit einer zentralen dichtanordnung - Google Patents

Tandemabschusssystem mit einer zentralen dichtanordnung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0530287B1
EP0530287B1 EP91910272A EP91910272A EP0530287B1 EP 0530287 B1 EP0530287 B1 EP 0530287B1 EP 91910272 A EP91910272 A EP 91910272A EP 91910272 A EP91910272 A EP 91910272A EP 0530287 B1 EP0530287 B1 EP 0530287B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
projectile
ring
sub
movable
launcher
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91910272A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0530287A1 (de
Inventor
Jean-Claude Sauvestre
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0530287A1 publication Critical patent/EP0530287A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0530287B1 publication Critical patent/EP0530287B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B14/00—Projectiles or missiles characterised by arrangements for guiding or sealing them inside barrels, or for lubricating or cleaning barrels
    • F42B14/06—Sub-calibre projectiles having sabots; Sabots therefor
    • F42B14/061—Sabots for long rod fin stabilised kinetic energy projectiles, i.e. multisegment sabots attached midway on the projectile
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B14/00—Projectiles or missiles characterised by arrangements for guiding or sealing them inside barrels, or for lubricating or cleaning barrels
    • F42B14/06—Sub-calibre projectiles having sabots; Sabots therefor
    • F42B14/067—Sealing aspects in sabots, e.g. sealing between individual segments of the sabots or sealing between the outer surface of the sabot and the inner surface of the barrel

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to launchers of ammunition for small, medium and large caliber weapons and in particular ammunition for hunting weapons.
  • Ammunition with an under-calibrated projectile stabilized by a tail unit comprises a launcher whose essential mission is to propel the under-calibrated projectile at the desired speed.
  • Patent EP-A-046.888 describes a sealing device for a projectile intended for a weapon with a smooth barrel, generating a force of radial pressure between the projectile and the barrel of the weapon.
  • the aerodynamic forces exerted on the projectile cause the separation of the elements of the launcher and the release of the sub-projectile.
  • the launcher elements each follow their own trajectory and fall at varying distances from the weapon.
  • the invention relates to a launch system for ammunition comprising a feathered sub-projectile, ammunition which can be fired by a smooth, weakly or heavily rifled weapon of small, medium or large caliber and in particular for a hunting weapon, a system consisting of several elements arranged longitudinally along the sub-projectile and driving it during the interior ballistic phase by means of entrainment teeth, and separating from the sub-projectile at the exit of the weapon, launching system characterized in that it comprises at least one ring-launcher arranged on the side of the head of the sub-projectile and integral in translation with the latter, at least one mobile ring-launcher capable of moving along the projectile under the effect of the thrust of the gases of propulsion, and a sealing device arranged between the ring secured to the sub-projectile and the movable ring and sealing devices arranged between the movable rings.
  • the launching system is characterized in that the mobile rings are capable of moving along the sub-projectile by a determined length to ensure the compression of the sealing devices and their radial expansion.
  • Figures 1 to 12 and 14 to 17 listed above represent an ammunition for a hunting weapon with a smooth or weakly striped bore of caliber 12, 16 or 20 for example.
  • FIG. 13 represents an ammunition for hunting or war weapons with a strongly striped soul.
  • Figure 1 shows in half-section a munition 1 introduced into the chamber of the weapon 2 and constituted by a socket 3 made of metallic material, plastic material, cardboard or combustible material carrying a primer not shown.
  • the socket 3 contains the propellant powder 4 and a projectile 5 constituted by a sub-projectile 6 carrying a tail unit 7, by a launching system 8 composed of two launcher rings 9 and 10 and by a sealing device 11.
  • the ring-launcher 9 is arranged on the side of the head of the sub-projectile 6 while the ring 10 is located on the tail side 7 of the sub-projectile 6.
  • the launching rings 9 and 10 made for example of nylon or of another type of plastic material, loaded or not, having the advantage of limiting mechanical friction, are constituted for each of them by two identical halves, intended to separate longitudinally at the exit of the weapon under the effect of the pressure of the acting air, in order on the front of the ring-launcher 9 then on the front of the ring-launcher 10 after ejection of the device seal 11.
  • the launcher rings 9 and 10 have on their outer surface several small sliding bearings 12 (of the order of 0.3 millimeters for a 12 caliber hunting ammunition) separated by grooves 13. At the ends of each ring- launcher are produced guide bearings 14 of larger size (2 to 3 millimeters for the same ammunition).
  • the front part 15 of the launcher ring 9 is arranged to allow the achievement of a conventional crimping of the sleeve and to allow the impact protection of the head of the sub-projectile 6.
  • the rear part 16 of the ring- launcher 9 and the front part 17 of the launcher ring 10 have surfaces perpendicular to the axis of the ammunition, circular and identical.
  • the rear part 18 of the launcher ring 10 has a cone to allow aid for the longitudinal separation of the elements of the launcher ring 10 by the expansion of the propellant gases from the exit of the projectile 5 from the barrel 2 .
  • the launching rings 9 and 10 include other grooves 19 which cooperate with the teeth 20 made on the sub-projectile 6, the latter becoming completely integral in translation with the launching rings during the course of the projectile 5 in the core 21 of the weapon 2 tube (see FIG. 4).
  • the launcher ring 9 is integral in translation with the sub-projectile 6 while the launcher ring 10 remains movable in translation on the projectile 6 by a value equal to b.
  • Launcher rings 9 and 10 also include centralizing bearings 22 combined with the sub-projectile 6.
  • the sealing device 11 constituted by a ring for example made of flexible polyurethane with a thickness e after encasing, thickness judiciously determined as a function of its capacity for crushing with radial expansion under a low load, its sealing qualities during the combustion phase of the propellant powder and its ability to tear, is centered internally on the cylindrical part 23 of the sub-projectile.
  • the parts 16 and 17 of the launcher rings 9 and 10 come into contact with the lateral faces of the sealing device 11.
  • the ammunition 1 is placed in the chamber of the weapon 2, the propellant charge 4 contained in the casing 3 is ignited by the percussion of the primer;
  • the pressure P of the gases, generated by the combustion of said charge, increases and is exerted on the rear face 18 of the ring-launcher 10 and on the tail unit 7, thus allowing the crushing and the radial expansion of the sealing device 11 via the ring-launcher 10 which is free longitudinally and the ring-launcher 9 secured to the sub-projectile 6 and locked in the socket 3 by means of the bead 24 of the socket produced during the crimping of ammunition.
  • the projectile 5 When the pressure P becomes greater than the pressure necessary for the dismantling, the projectile 5 is ejected from the casing and is introduced into the core 21 of the barrel of the weapon 2.
  • the thickness of the sealing device 11 is reduced by the value b-c, it therefore becomes f.
  • the projectile 5 is propelled into the core 21 of the barrel of the weapon 2 thanks to the pressure P generated by the combustion of the propellant charge 4.
  • This pressure continues to increase in the tube to a maximum perfectly determinable by a person skilled in the art.
  • the launcher ring 10 comes into contact with the teeth 20 located at the rear of the sub-projectile 6 thus making it possible to participate in the mechanical behavior of the launching system at high pressures .
  • the clearances c specified in FIG. 3 are therefore zero and the thickness of the sealing device 11 becomes g.
  • elements 25 and 26 of the launcher ring 9 and elements 27 and 28 of the launcher ring 10 separate from the sub-projectile 6 thanks to the combined effects of the aerodynamic forces fA and the expansion of the propellant gases pB acting on the elements of the so-called launcher rings.
  • the sealing device 11 Due to its low tear resistance, the sealing device 11 is ejected in the form of fragments 29.
  • the sub-projectile 6 thus released can achieve the intended objective.
  • FIGS. 7, 8 and 9 give other embodiments of the sealing device 11.
  • the latter may be in one piece (see FIG. 8) or in several annular elements 30 joined together and of different hardnesses (FIG. 7). Primers of rupture can be practiced on the sides of said device to allow a better fragmentation at the opening of the launching system just at the exit of the barrel of the weapon.
  • the materials used for the sealing device can be, for example, flexible polyurethanes associated or not with rigid polyurethanes as well as rubbers and elastomers of variable hardness.
  • Figures 7 and 8 show a particular embodiment of the sealing device for which, in addition to the sealing device 11 described above, the launcher rings 9 and 10 have respective chamfers 31, 32, 33 and 34 including the main function is to allow better expansion of the sealing device 11.
  • Figures 10, 11 and 12 show another embodiment of the invention allowing the locking of the launcher rings between them to facilitate handling during cartridge filling.
  • the ring-launcher 9 is locked on the sub-projectile 6 thanks to the sealing device 11 of annular shape mounted sliding on the bearing 37 secured to said ring-launcher.
  • the launcher ring 10, bearing on the sealing device 11 slides on the bearing 37 by its bore 38.
  • Two notches 39 mounted in opposition and integral with the body of the tail unit 7 cooperate with the circular bearing 40 integral with the 'launcher ring 10.
  • Slopes 41,42,43 and 44 judiciously placed on the notches 39 and the circular bearing 40 allow easy snap-fastening of the elements of the launcher ring 10 by simple manual pressure. Thanks to the energy returned by the sealing device 11 prestressed during assembly, the elements of the launcher ring 10 remain constantly in contact at the slopes 43 and 44.
  • the clearances h are smaller than the clearances specified in FIG. 2 and the thickness i of the sealing device 11 is smaller by the same value.
  • the launcher-ring 10 is unlocked due to its mobility in translation and the operation of the ammunition remains identical to that described above.
  • FIG. 13 represents an ammunition based on the principle of the invention but capable of being fired in the tube of a heavily rifled weapon.
  • the device d seal 11 is mounted on a ring shouldered 45 called grain, for example plastic alloy, which ring is mounted with a clearance j on the bearing 37 of the launcher ring 9.
  • the launcher ring 10 has a bore 46 which can slide on the shouldered part of the ring 45. Games k are arranged between the sub-projectile 6 and the launcher ring 10.
  • launcher rings 9 placed in series and located at the head of the sub-projectile 6 and several launcher rings 10 also placed in series located on the tail side 7 of the sub-projectile 6.
  • L 'launcher ring 9, closest to the launcher ring 10, is separated from the latter by the sealing device 11.
  • Other sealing devices 11 can separate the launcher rings 10 movable in translation.
  • launcher rings 9 and 10 may have a number of elements greater than or equal to 2 for each of them. Furthermore, each launcher ring 9 or 10 may have a different number of elements.
  • FIG. 14 illustrates the above description and FIGS. 15, 16 and 17 show a different number of elements on the one hand for the rings 9 between them and on the other hand for the rings 9 and 10.
  • the invention described in this document applied to hunting ammunition can be adapted to any other type of small, medium and large caliber ammunition.

Claims (10)

  1. Abschußsystem für Munition, die ein flügelstabilisiertes Unterprojektil (6) umfaßt, wobei die Munition von einer Waffe mit glatter Bohrung bzw. Seele abfeuerbar ist, schwach oder stark gezogen ist und klein-, mittel- oder großkalibirig ist, und insbesondere für eine Jagdwaffe, wobei das System aus mehreren Elementen besteht, die in Längsrichtung entlang des Unterprojektils angeordnet sind und es aufgrund von Mitnahmezahneinschnitten während der inneren ballistischen Phase mitreißen und sich beim Austritt aus der Waffe vom Unterprojektil abtrennen, und das zumindest einen Abschußring (9) umfaßt, der neben dem Kopf des Unterprojektils angeordnet und in der Translation damit fest verbunden ist, wobei das Abschußsystem dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß es zumindest einen beweglichen Abschußring (10) umfaßt, der sich unter der Einwirkung des Schubs von Treibgasen und einer Dichtungsvorrichtung (11), die zwischen dem mit dem Unterprojektil fest verbundenen Ring und dem beweglichen Ring angeordnet ist, und von Dichtungsvorrichtungen, die zwischen den beweglichen Ringen angeordnet sind, das Unterprojektil entlang verschieben kann.
  2. Abschußsystem nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die beweglichen Ringe sich das Unterprojektil entlang mit einer bestimmten Länge verschieben können, um die Kompression der Dichtungsvorrichtungen und ihre radiale Ausdehnung zu gewährleisten.
  3. Abschußsystem nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Länge der Verschiebung der beweglichen Ringe bezogen auf das Unterprojektil durch ein relatives Spiel zwischen den Zahneinschnitten (20) des Unterprojektils und den Rillen (19) der beweglichen Ringe bestimmt ist.
  4. Abschußsystem nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es die Zusammenpreßbarkeit der Dichtungsvorrichtungen zuläßt, beim Laden einen leichten Druck der Treibladung (4) zu gewährleisten.
  5. Abschußsystem nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Oberflächen des in der Translation fest mit dem Unterprojektil verbundenen Rings und des beweglichen Rings, der die Dichtungsvorrichtung berührt, Abfasungen (31), (32), (33) und (34) umfassen.
  6. Abschußsystem nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Oberflächen des in der Translation fest mit dem Unterprojektil verbundenen Rings und des beweglichen Rings, der die Dichtungsvorrichtung berührt, parallele Abfasungen (35) und (36) umfassen.
  7. Abschußsystem nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der in der Translation fest mit dem Unterprojektil verbundene Ring und die beweglichen Zwischenringe Lager (37) umfassen, auf denen die Dichtungsvorrichtungen aufruhen, um den Halt der Elemente der Abschußringe beim Laden zu gewährleisten.
  8. Abschußsystem nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der letzte zu den Flügeln hin angeordnete bewegliche Ring ein kreisförmiges Lager (40) umfaßt, das mit Einkerbungen (39) des Körpers der Flügel zusammenwirkt, um den Halt der Ringelemente beim Laden zu gewährleisten.
  9. Abschußsystem nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein gekröpfter Reifen (45) zwischen der Dichtungsvorrichtung und dem in der Translation fest mit dem Unterprojektil verbundenen Ring angeordnet ist.
  10. Abschußsystem nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der gekröpfte Reifen dazu dient, den beweglichen Ring zu zentrieren, um ein diametrales Spiel zwischen dem beweglichen Ring und dem Unterprojektil zu erzielen.
EP91910272A 1990-05-19 1991-05-17 Tandemabschusssystem mit einer zentralen dichtanordnung Expired - Lifetime EP0530287B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9006535 1990-05-19
FR9006535A FR2662241B1 (fr) 1990-05-19 1990-05-19 Systeme de lancement tandem a etancheite centrale.
PCT/FR1991/000398 WO1991018256A1 (fr) 1990-05-19 1991-05-17 Systeme de lancement tandem a etancheite centrale

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0530287A1 EP0530287A1 (de) 1993-03-10
EP0530287B1 true EP0530287B1 (de) 1995-11-02

Family

ID=9396951

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91910272A Expired - Lifetime EP0530287B1 (de) 1990-05-19 1991-05-17 Tandemabschusssystem mit einer zentralen dichtanordnung

Country Status (7)

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EP (1) EP0530287B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE129804T1 (de)
AU (1) AU7969491A (de)
DE (1) DE69114288T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2082208T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2662241B1 (de)
WO (1) WO1991018256A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2724450B1 (fr) * 1994-09-13 1997-01-17 Sauvestre Jean Claude Balle de chasse a double penetration et a portee reduite
FR2769700B1 (fr) * 1997-10-13 1999-12-24 Jean Claude Sauvestre Lanceur a etancheite amelioree pour munitions du type comportant un lanceur associe a un sous-projectile

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE247038C (de) *
US3738279A (en) * 1970-07-24 1973-06-12 Us Navy Sabot for sub-calibre projectile
US3859922A (en) * 1973-06-28 1975-01-14 Us Army Two piece ammunition round
DE3033042C2 (de) * 1980-09-03 1985-06-27 L'Etat Français représenté par le Délégué Général pour l'Armement, Paris Mittel zum Forcieren während der Schußentwicklung bei Munition für eine Glattrohrwaffe

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1991018256A1 (fr) 1991-11-28
EP0530287A1 (de) 1993-03-10
DE69114288T2 (de) 1996-06-27
AU7969491A (en) 1991-12-10
ATE129804T1 (de) 1995-11-15
FR2662241B1 (fr) 1994-09-23
ES2082208T3 (es) 1996-03-16
DE69114288D1 (de) 1995-12-07
FR2662241A1 (fr) 1991-11-22

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