EP0529299B1 - Chambre de combustion avec un échangeur de chaleur pour fluides et chaudière equipée d'une telle chambre de combustion - Google Patents

Chambre de combustion avec un échangeur de chaleur pour fluides et chaudière equipée d'une telle chambre de combustion Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0529299B1
EP0529299B1 EP92112405A EP92112405A EP0529299B1 EP 0529299 B1 EP0529299 B1 EP 0529299B1 EP 92112405 A EP92112405 A EP 92112405A EP 92112405 A EP92112405 A EP 92112405A EP 0529299 B1 EP0529299 B1 EP 0529299B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
combustion chamber
outlet
liquid
water
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP92112405A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0529299A1 (fr
Inventor
Josef Kaiser
Siegfried Dörr
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
V-Zug AG
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V-Zug AG
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
    • F24H1/40—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water tube or tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/10—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium
    • F24H1/107—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium using fluid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
    • F24H1/24—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers
    • F24H1/26—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle forming an integral body
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
    • F24H1/44—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with combinations of two or more of the types covered by groups F24H1/24 - F24H1/40 , e.g. boilers having a combination of features covered by F24H1/24 - F24H1/40

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a combustion chamber with a heat exchange device for at least one liquid.
  • Combustion chambers with a heat exchange device for liquids generally demand a high degree of efficiency in order to keep fuel consumption low. There is also a need to keep the temperatures arising for a given operation in such systems as low as possible, so that the heat resistance of the materials to be used does not have to be extremely high, making the systems more expensive.
  • a combustion chamber with a liquid heat exchange device of the type described in the preamble of claim 1 is already known (BE, A, 523 234).
  • the heat exchanger arranged within the combustion chamber between the combustion chamber and the pipe socket forming the flue gas outlet completely closes off the combustion chamber and is only penetrated by a few pipe sections through which the flue gases flow.
  • This heat exchanger forms a significant flow obstacle for the flue gases, so that the furnace must be suffocated.
  • the heat exchanger is only penetrated by a few flue gas pipes, its efficiency in terms of heat exchange between the flue gases and the water to be heated is extremely poor.
  • the invention seeks to remedy this.
  • the invention as characterized in the claims, solves the problem of creating a combustion chamber with a liquid heat exchange device in which a heat exchanger is lenticular and is perpendicular to the longitudinal central axis of the pipe socket, which heat exchanger is spaced on all sides from the second heat exchanger, to be completely flowed around by the flue gas.
  • FIG. 1 shows a section through a boiler which has an inlet connection 1 for heating water.
  • the burner device 3 including a combustion chamber 4 are also shown in FIG.
  • the boiler has a trough 6 which contains an absorption bath containing a desulfurizing agent, e.g. Can contain CaCo3.
  • the flue gas generated in the combustion chamber 4 flows through a flue gas outlet 5 into a pipe 27 in order to be passed into the absorption bath in the trough 6.
  • a dispersing device 7 which serves to finely distribute the flue gas in the absorption bath.
  • This dispersing device 7 is driven by an electric motor 28 via a shaft 29.
  • the flue gas is cleaned in the absorption bath, in particular the sulfur being absorbed, and finally flows out of the boiler through the exhaust gas outlet 8.
  • a condenser 26 is also arranged in the exhaust outlet 8. The condensate that forms here flows or drips back into the tub 6.
  • the heating water flowing from the inlet connection 1 flows through the condenser and further through a heating coil 9 and then to the combustion chamber.
  • the absorption bath is a water bath heated by the flue gases to the boiler setpoint temperature. Accordingly, the liquid which flows through the heating coil 9 is heated, the in this embodiment The outlet temperature of the heating water after the water bath is below the boiler bath setpoint temperature.
  • the burner device has a combustion chamber 4 with its combustion chamber wall 16. Inside and outside this combustion chamber 4 there are two heat exchangers which together form a heat exchange device, as follows.
  • the first heat exchanger 17 has a lenticular heat exchanger body which is arranged in a vertical position.
  • the second heat exchanger 12 is located directly outside the combustion chamber wall 16. It is a cup-shaped body, its inner wall being formed by the combustion chamber wall 16 and its outer wall by a jacket 18 surrounding the combustion chamber wall 16. The liquid flow to be heated thus flows in the second heat exchanger 12 in the space between the outside of the combustion chamber wall 16 and the jacket 18 surrounding it.
  • the heating coil 9 for heating water (see Figure 1) is connected to a connection 23 (see Figure 2).
  • the heating water connection 23 is intended both for the first 17 and for the second heat exchanger 12.
  • a short pipe section 25 leads from the second heat exchanger 12, see also FIG. 3, to the first heat exchanger 17. It can thus be seen that the water to be heated is partly divided into two parallel flow paths.
  • the combustion chamber wall 16 transfers the heat to the water flowing through the second heat exchanger 12.
  • the water flowing through the second heat exchanger 12 cools the combustion chamber wall 16.
  • the water flowing out of the first heat exchanger 17 flows through a further pipe section 30 back into the second heat exchanger and the entire amount of heating water finally against the flow connection 14.
  • a separating plate 34 is arranged in the second heat exchanger 12, which is shown in broken lines in FIG. 2 and shown by a solid line in FIG.
  • the reference number 32 in FIG. 1 denotes the heating water pump.
  • the flue gas outlet 5 is a pipe socket 19 which passes through the bottom section 20 of the cup-shaped second heat exchanger 12 and is connected to the pipe 27, through which, as mentioned at the beginning, the flue gas is passed into the water bath for cleaning, desulfurization and neutralization.
  • FIGS. 4, 5 a and 5 b show a further embodiment of the first heat exchanger arranged in the combustion chamber 4, which is designated by the reference number 11 in these figures. All parts of Figures 4, 5 a and 5 b, which correspond to those of Figures 2 and 3, are designated by the same reference numerals and will not be described again.
  • This embodiment of the first heat exchanger 11 has a double-walled, cup-shaped heat exchanger body, the walls of which run at least approximately parallel to and at a distance from the combustion chamber wall 16.
  • a pipe section 25 is arranged which leads from the second heat exchanger 12 to the first heat exchanger 11, so that two parallel flow paths are also present in this embodiment.
  • the water flowing out of the first heat exchanger 11 flows through a further pipe section 30 back to the second heat exchanger 12 and against the common outlet, i.e. Flow connection 14.
  • a further partition plate 31, see also FIG. 5 b is arranged in order to prevent a direct flow from the connection point of the pipe section 25 of the first heat exchanger 11 to the connection point of the pipe section 30 and thus to ensure that the flow is forced to flow through the entire first heat exchanger 11.
  • FIG. 6 now shows a section through a boiler which has an inlet connection 1 for heating water and an inlet connection 2 for hot water. While this example embodiment of the invention is suitable for producing heating water and hot water, it should be noted that this use is only one possible example, it being only important that two liquids are heated to different temperatures. In the case of heating water and hot water, the heating water is the liquid with the higher temperature.
  • the boiler is again constructed as described in the previous explanations.
  • the heating water flowing from the inlet connection 1 flows again through the condenser and then through the heating coil 9 and then to the combustion chamber, and the hot water flows from the inlet connection 2 through the heating coil 10 also to the combustion chamber.
  • the absorption bath is a water bath heated to the boiler setpoint temperature by the flue gases. Accordingly, the two liquids which flow through the heating coil 9 and the heating coil 10 are heated, and in this embodiment the outlet temperature of the heating water and the hot water after the water bath is below the boiler bath setpoint temperature.
  • the heat exchange device has a combustion chamber 4 with its combustion chamber wall 16. Inside and outside of this combustion chamber 4 there are three heat exchangers forming the heat exchange device as follows:
  • the first heat exchanger 17 has a lenticular heat exchanger body 17 which is arranged in a vertical position.
  • the second heat exchanger 12 is located directly outside the combustion chamber wall 16. It is a cup-shaped body, its inner wall being formed by the combustion chamber wall 16 and its outer wall by a jacket 18 surrounding the combustion chamber wall 16.
  • the liquid flow to be heated thus flows in the second heat exchanger 12 in the space between the outside of the combustion chamber wall 16 and the jacket 18 surrounding it.
  • the third heat exchanger 13 envelops the second heat exchanger 12.
  • the inside wall of the third heat exchanger 13 is covered by the jacket 18 of the second heat exchanger 12. and the outer wall of the third heat exchanger 13 is formed by a further jacket 21, which again runs approximately parallel to the jacket 18.
  • the liquid to be heated thus flows between the jacket 18 and the jacket 21.
  • the heating coil 9 for heating water (see Figure 1) is connected to a connection 23 (see Figure 2).
  • the heating coil 10 for the domestic water is connected to the connection 24.
  • the water flowing from the heating coil 10 for hot water through the connection 24 into the third heat exchanger body 13 is heated via the jacket 18, or the heat transfer takes place from the heating water of the second heat exchanger 12 to the hot water of the third heat exchanger 13 for heating the latter.
  • the hot water flows through the third heat exchanger 13 in order to emerge from the flow connection 15 (see FIGS. 6 and 7).
  • the reference number 32 denotes the heating water pump and the reference number 33 the hot water pump.
  • the flue gas outlet 5, i.e. the pipe socket 19, passes through the bottom section 22 of the cup-shaped third heat exchanger 13 and is connected to the pipe 27, through which, as mentioned at the beginning, the flue gas is passed into the water bath for cleaning, desulfurization and neutralization.
  • the direct contact between the hot gases and the water bath in the tub 6 obviously allows almost optimal heat transfer. The temperature is increased further in the heat exchangers in the combustion chamber 4.
  • the third heat exchanger 13 for the hot water is dimensioned such that the hot water probably has a higher temperature than the boiler setpoint temperature, but the hot water temperature at the flow connection 15 is reduced relative to the calcification temperature of water.
  • the version shown also has the advantage that hardly any bacteria from the legionella pneumophilia strain (legionnaires' disease) can arise during hot water preparation.
  • the outlet temperature of the gas flowing out through the chimney 8 after the condenser is only 2 ° -5 ° higher than the boiler setpoint temperature due to the water bath.
  • a plastic pipe can be used as a chimney.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Instantaneous Water Boilers, Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses, And Control Of Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)

Claims (5)

  1. Chambre de combustion pour au moins un fluide, avec un dispositif d'échange de chaleur (12, 13; 17) comportant au moins un premier (17) et un second (12) échangeur de chaleur, la chambre de combustion (4) comportant une paroi de chambre (16), une aire de combustion et une sortie tubulaire (5) pour les gaz de combustion, le second échangeur (12) étant délimité par une partie de la paroi de chambre (16) ainsi que par une enveloppe (18) entourant la paroi et formant sa paroi extérieure, le fluide devant être réchauffé dans le second échangeur (12) passant entre la paroi de chambre (16) et l'enveloppe (18), le second échangeur (12) possédant une entrée (23) et une sortie (14) pour la totalité du fluide à chauffer destiné à parcourir les deux échangeurs (12;17), le premier échangeur (17) étant agencé dans la chambre de combustion (4) entre l'aire de combustion et la sortie tubulaire (5) pour les gaz de combustion afin d'être directement léché par la flamme, caractérisée en ce que les échangeurs (12, 13; 17) sont agencés de manière à produire des flux au moins partiellement connectés en parallèle, que le premier échangeur (17) est en forme de lentille et disposé perpendiculairement à l'axe longitudinal de la sortie tubulaire (5), que les passages en direction du second échangeur (12) et à partir de celui-ci vers le premier échangeur (17) et à partir de ce dernier sont formés chacun par un morceau de tube (25; 30), de façon à ce que le premier échangeur (17) soit de tous côtés espacé du second échangeur (12) afin d'être entièrement entouré par le courant de gaz de combustion, de manière à assurer une transmission de chaleur maximale des gaz de combustion à l'eau qui se trouve dans le premier échangeur (17).
  2. Chambre de combustion selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que l'ouverture dans la paroi de la chambre de combustion se trouve face à l'entrée (23), respectivement à la sortie (14), correspondante ou décalée par rapport à chacune de celles-ci.
  3. Chambre de combustion selon une des revendications précédentes avec un dispositif d'échange de chaleur conçu pour deux fluides destinés à être chauffés différemment, caractérisée en ce qu'un troisième échangeur (13) est agencé du côté du second échangeur (12) opposé à la paroi (16) de la chambre de combustion, la paroi extérieure (18) du second échangeur formant simultanément la paroi intérieure du troisième échangeur (13) dont la paroi extérieure (18) est sensiblement parallèle à sa paroi intérieure, que la sortie tubulaire (5) des gaz de combustion traverse le troisième échangeur (13), et que celui-ci possède une entrée (24) et une sortie (15) qui lui sont propre et destinées à un liquide qui ne parcourt que cet échangeur, les trois échangeurs étant dimensionnés les uns par rapport aux autres de manière à ce qu'en marche le mélange des quantités de liquide traversant en parallèle le premier et le second échangeur ait, à leur sortie commune (14) du second échangeur, une température supérieure à celle que possède le liquide traversant le troisième échangeur (13) à la sortie de celui-ci.
  4. Chaudière pour chauffer au moins un liquide, avec une chambre de combustion selon une des revendications précédentes et avec une cuve (6) pour recevoir un bain absorbant de désoufrage, avec un dispositif de dispersion (7, 27, 28, 29) pour disperser la fumée dans le bain absorbant, avec une sortie d'échappement (8) pour le gaz nettoyé et désoufré dans ce bain, caractérisée en ce que la cuve possède, pour chaque liquide destiné à la traverser, une connection de retour (1, 2) et une connection d'amenée (14, 15), qu'au moins une connection de retour (1) communique avec un condensateur (26) disposé dans la sortie d'échappement (8) pour condenser l'humidité contenue dans les gaz d'échappement, le condensat retournant à la cuve (6) par la sortie d'échappement (8), la sortie du condensateur (16) communiquant avec une extrémité d'un serpentin (9) échangeur de chaleur disposé dans la cuve (6) et dont l'autre extrémité communique avec le premier et le second échangeur (12, 11 respectivement 17), ces deux échangeurs communiquant à leurs sorties avec la connection d'amenée (14).
  5. Chaudière selon la revendication 4, pour produire de l'eau chaude et de l'eau tiède, caractérisée en ce que le serpentin (9) communiquant avec le condensateur (26) est destiné à la production d'eau chaude et que la cuve (6) contient un autre serpentin (10) destiné à la production d'eau tiède et qui communique à une de ses extrémités directement avec une connection de retour (2), et à son extrémité opposée avec le troisième échangeur (13), les échangeurs et les serpentins qui leur sont associés étant dimensionnés de manière à ce que la température d'amenée de l'eau chaude soit supérieure à la température de consigne de la chaudière.
EP92112405A 1991-08-23 1992-07-20 Chambre de combustion avec un échangeur de chaleur pour fluides et chaudière equipée d'une telle chambre de combustion Expired - Lifetime EP0529299B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH2490/91 1991-08-23
CH2490/91A CH684548A5 (de) 1991-08-23 1991-08-23 Brennkammer mit einer Flüssigkeits-Wärmetauscheinrichtung und damit ausgerüsteter Kessel.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0529299A1 EP0529299A1 (fr) 1993-03-03
EP0529299B1 true EP0529299B1 (fr) 1994-09-21

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92112405A Expired - Lifetime EP0529299B1 (fr) 1991-08-23 1992-07-20 Chambre de combustion avec un échangeur de chaleur pour fluides et chaudière equipée d'une telle chambre de combustion

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0529299B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE112041T1 (fr)
CH (1) CH684548A5 (fr)
DE (1) DE59200532D1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE523234A (fr) *
GB164626A (en) * 1920-07-02 1921-06-16 Walter James Davis An improved construction of geyser for heating water
GB1233535A (fr) * 1967-05-05 1971-05-26
BE759249A (fr) * 1969-11-28 1971-05-21 Gaz De France Generateur de chaleur a combustion submergee en particulier pour la production d'eau tres chaude

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH684548A5 (de) 1994-10-14
EP0529299A1 (fr) 1993-03-03
DE59200532D1 (de) 1994-10-27
ATE112041T1 (de) 1994-10-15

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