EP0526392A1 - Immixtion de petites quantités de fluides - Google Patents

Immixtion de petites quantités de fluides Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0526392A1
EP0526392A1 EP92810503A EP92810503A EP0526392A1 EP 0526392 A1 EP0526392 A1 EP 0526392A1 EP 92810503 A EP92810503 A EP 92810503A EP 92810503 A EP92810503 A EP 92810503A EP 0526392 A1 EP0526392 A1 EP 0526392A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mixing
main
mixing device
metering
partial
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP92810503A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0526392B1 (fr
Inventor
Markus Fleischli
Felix Streiff
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sulzer Chemtech AG
Original Assignee
Sulzer Chemtech AG
Sulzer AG
Gebrueder Sulzer AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sulzer Chemtech AG, Sulzer AG, Gebrueder Sulzer AG filed Critical Sulzer Chemtech AG
Publication of EP0526392A1 publication Critical patent/EP0526392A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0526392B1 publication Critical patent/EP0526392B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/432—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction with means for dividing the material flow into separate sub-flows and for repositioning and recombining these sub-flows; Cross-mixing, e.g. conducting the outer layer of the material nearer to the axis of the tube or vice-versa
    • B01F25/4323—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction with means for dividing the material flow into separate sub-flows and for repositioning and recombining these sub-flows; Cross-mixing, e.g. conducting the outer layer of the material nearer to the axis of the tube or vice-versa using elements provided with a plurality of channels or using a plurality of tubes which can either be placed between common spaces or collectors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/30—Injector mixers
    • B01F25/31—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows
    • B01F25/313—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced in the centre of the conduit
    • B01F25/3131—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced in the centre of the conduit with additional mixing means other than injector mixers, e.g. screens, baffles or rotating elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/431—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor
    • B01F25/4316—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor the baffles being flat pieces of material, e.g. intermeshing, fixed to the wall or fixed on a central rod

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for mixing a small amount of a fluid into a main stream of another fluid in a main channel with an injection system and with at least one downstream static mixing element.
  • relatively small amounts for example less than 10%
  • of a gas or a liquid are added to the flow of another gas or another liquid
  • very long mixing sections are required in the empty tube in order to achieve homogeneous mixing.
  • static mixers intensive mixing can be forced over short distances, but this is associated with an increased pressure drop.
  • Conventional mixing devices with complicated adjustable injection systems or with simple injection systems and static mixers cannot meet the high demands on the mixing qualities in a wide load range and, above all, even with very low volume flow ratios.
  • denitrification is carried out by adding gaseous ammonia to the flue gas stream in a very low ratio of 1: 1000 to 1: 10000.
  • Very good homogeneity (with a maximum deviation of less than 5% based on the mean value) must be achieved so that the neutralization reaction takes place completely in the subsequent catalyst on the one hand, in order to be able to comply with low nitrogen oxide limit values and on the other hand no excess ammonia breaks through .
  • the stoichiometric mixing ratios must therefore be met uniformly and continuously over the entire channel cross section. This mixing quality must also be achieved over short distances and with a low pressure drop, for which known mixing devices are not yet sufficient.
  • the division of the inlet cross-section of the mixing element into partial areas defined by the mixer structure on the one hand and the assignment of the directed metering openings to these partial areas on the other hand achieves a combined, particularly good homogenization effect if the flow rates through the metering openings are set proportionally to the partial flows through the corresponding partial areas.
  • the total cross-sectional area of the metering openings assigned to each partial area can be directly proportional to this partial area.
  • Very simple directional metering openings can be used as cylindrical bores the wall of the main metering tube or as outlet tubes. The metering openings can advantageously be directed towards the interior of the subchannels.
  • the cross section of the main metering tube can be at least twice as large as the sum of the cross-sectional areas of its metering openings.
  • the subchannels of the mixing element can preferably have an angle of 25 ° to 35 ° to the main flow direction.
  • Particularly intensive turbulence mixing can also be achieved with a larger angle of 45 °, for example.
  • the good homogenization according to the invention can be achieved with very short mixing elements, for example with a length of the mixing element which is one to two times as large as the distance between two adjacent crossing points of the mixing element.
  • Further mixing devices with particularly high mixing qualities with a low pressure drop can have a free post-mixing section in the main channel after the first mixing element, which is two to six times as large as the distance between adjacent crossing points of the mixing element or one to three times as large as the smallest diameter of the main channel.
  • a second mixing element can also be arranged after the post-mixing section.
  • at least two mixing elements can be arranged in the main channel, which have different orientations of their subchannels.
  • the devices according to the invention are also particularly suitable for mixing ammonia into the flue gas stream of a denitrification plant.
  • FIG. 1 shows a mixing device according to the invention in three views with a injection system 3 for an admixing fluid 1 into another fluid 2 in a main channel 7 and a static mixing element 4 connected downstream in the main flow direction Z.
  • the inlet cross section F is divided into partial areas F3, F4, which are defined by the partial channels 15, 16 formed by the mixing element 4.
  • 1d shows such a subchannel 15 of a mixing element consisting of V-shaped layers 11 (for example Sulzer SMV mixer). These form the two walls 13 of the partial duct 15 with a cross-sectional area F3, while on the open side the boundary 14 is defined by the layer plane 12.
  • the combination of the layers 11 is shown in perspective in FIG. 2.
  • F3 is the input cross-sectional area of a subchannel 15 in a layer 11, corresponding to the edge channels in FIG. 1a.
  • the mixing element has four layers which divide the input cross-section F into ten partial channels 15 at the edge with partial areas F3 and into seven inner partial channels 16 with partial areas F4.
  • the assigned injection system 3 consists of two main metering tubes 20 running parallel to the layer planes 12 with metering openings 21 directed towards the partial areas F3, F4.
  • the distribution and dimensioning of the metering openings is assigned to the partial areas in such a way that the flow rates through the metering openings match the partial flows of the main flow through the corresponding partial areas are as proportional as possible. If the flow velocity in the main channel 7 is the same over the entire inlet cross-section F, the flow rate through the assigned metering openings is set proportionally to the partial areas, for the sake of simplicity mostly by the total cross-sectional area Q3, Q4, that of each partial area F3, F4 assigned metering openings is proportional to these partial areas. In the example of FIG.
  • This results in a total of 24 metering openings or outlet pipes 22, each with a cross-sectional area Q3 for the inlet cross-section F 24 F3.
  • 1b shows the distance P between two adjacent crossing points 17 in the main flow direction Z.
  • the length S of the mixing element 4 which is kept as small as possible, corresponds, for example, to 1 to 2 times the distance P. In this example, S is approximately 1.3 times P and in FIG. 4 the length S is P.
  • FIG. 8 the same input cross section with the subchannels F3, F4 is combined with another injection device.
  • Three main metering tubes 20 run here transversely to the layers 11 with outlet tubes 22 and 23.
  • Either two outlet tubes 22 with cross-sectional areas 1/2 Q3 or 1 outlet tube 23 with cross-sectional area Q3 are assigned to the outer subchannels 15 with partial areas F3.
  • Either 4 outlet pipes 22 with surface 1/2 Q3 or 2 outlet pipes 23 with surfaces Q3 are assigned to the inner partial channels 16 with partial surfaces F4.
  • the total of 24 outlet pipes 22 and the 12 outlet pipes 23 have a total cross-sectional area of all metering openings of 24 Q3, which corresponds to the inlet cross section F of 24 F3.
  • the top and bottom outlet pipes 24 have twice the cross-sectional area of the inner outlet pipes 23.
  • metering openings 21 or the outlet pipes 22, 23, 24 are always directed towards the interior of partial channels 15, 16 of the mixing element 4 and not towards channel walls 13 or crossing points 17.
  • L is usually larger than D.
  • FIG. 6 shows a further example with a static mixing element which consists of crossed rectangular plates or webs which are connected to one another in the layer planes 12 at the crossing points 17.
  • a static mixing element which consists of crossed rectangular plates or webs which are connected to one another in the layer planes 12 at the crossing points 17.
  • intersecting, rectangular partial channels 15 with cross-sectional areas F3 are formed, which are delimited on the closed two sides by a channel wall 13 and on the two open sides 14 by the layer planes 12.
  • the main channel cross-section F is divided into 24 subfaces F3 of the subchannels 15 of equal size, each Partial area F3 is assigned a directed outlet pipe 22 with cross-sectional area Q3.
  • the main channel 7 in FIG. 7 has a circular cross section F. 5 layers 11 divide this area F into approximately 5 equally sized partial areas F2. Each partial area F2 is assigned a total cross-sectional area Q2 of the outlet pipes, the three inner layers and partial areas F2 each having three outlet pipes 24 with 1/3 Q2 and the two outer layers 2 outlet pipes 23 with 1/6 Q2 and an outlet pipe 24 with 1/3 Q2 are assigned.
  • Fig. 8 shows a mixing device after a sheet in the main channel 7.
  • the layer planes of the first mixing element 4 are placed in the direction of the sheet for the purpose of rapid inhomogeneity compensation. This is followed by a free post-mixing section N, which is approximately twice as long as the mixing element 4. After the post-mixing section N is followed by a second mixing element 5, the layers of which are oriented perpendicular to the layers of the mixing element 4.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
EP92810503A 1991-07-30 1992-07-01 Immixtion de petites quantités de fluides Expired - Lifetime EP0526392B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH2275/91 1991-07-30
CH227591 1991-07-30

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0526392A1 true EP0526392A1 (fr) 1993-02-03
EP0526392B1 EP0526392B1 (fr) 1995-11-15

Family

ID=4229958

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92810503A Expired - Lifetime EP0526392B1 (fr) 1991-07-30 1992-07-01 Immixtion de petites quantités de fluides

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5380088A (fr)
EP (1) EP0526392B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3385042B2 (fr)
AT (1) ATE130220T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE59204320D1 (fr)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1995012452A2 (fr) * 1993-11-01 1995-05-11 Erik Hoel Procede et appareil d'injection de gaz
DE10324886A1 (de) * 2003-05-30 2005-01-20 Framatome Anp Gmbh Mischelement und statischer Mischer mit einer Anzahl derartiger Mischelemente
WO2005021144A1 (fr) * 2003-07-28 2005-03-10 Framatome Anp Gmbh Systeme de melange
EP1982756A1 (fr) 2007-04-19 2008-10-22 Magneti Marelli Sistemi di Scarico S.p.a. Système d'échappement d'un moteur à combustion interne
WO2009097878A1 (fr) * 2008-02-08 2009-08-13 Voith Patent Gmbh Système mélangeur et procédé approprié
EP2098697A1 (fr) 2008-02-12 2009-09-09 Magneti Marelli S.p.A. Système d'échappement d'un moteur à combustion interne
WO2011020200A1 (fr) * 2009-08-18 2011-02-24 Flowtech Industries Ag Mélangeur statique et son utilisation, par exemple pour la dénitrification catalytique de gaz d'échappement et autres
US20110188338A1 (en) * 2010-02-03 2011-08-04 Albrecht Melvin J Stepped down gas mixing device
WO2011116840A1 (fr) 2010-03-22 2011-09-29 Sulzer Chemtech Ag Élément mélangeur ou disperseur et procédé de mélangeage ou dispersion statique
CN102389727A (zh) * 2011-10-13 2012-03-28 东南大学 一种scr脱硝四角切圆式氨气-烟气均混装置
DE102011089850A1 (de) * 2011-12-23 2013-06-27 Bosch Emission Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg Misch- und/oder Verdampfungseinrichtung für ein Abgassystem eines Kraftfahrzeugs
US9518734B2 (en) 2013-01-28 2016-12-13 General Electric Technology Gmbh Fluid distribution and mixing grid for mixing gases

Families Citing this family (19)

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CH687832A5 (de) * 1993-04-08 1997-02-28 Asea Brown Boveri Brennstoffzufuehreinrichtung fuer Brennkammer.
CA2186253A1 (fr) * 1994-03-25 1995-10-05 Klaus Huttenhofer Systeme combine d'amenee et de melange
DE19541266A1 (de) * 1995-11-06 1997-05-07 Bayer Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung chemischer Reaktionen mittels eines Mikrostruktur-Lamellenmischers
DE10019414C2 (de) * 2000-04-19 2003-06-12 Ballard Power Systems Vorrichtung zum Einleiten von Gas in einen Rohrabschnitt
US20020152680A1 (en) * 2001-04-18 2002-10-24 Callaghan Vincent M. Fuel cell power plant
US20050056313A1 (en) * 2003-09-12 2005-03-17 Hagen David L. Method and apparatus for mixing fluids
US8240908B2 (en) * 2005-09-01 2012-08-14 The Procter & Gamble Company Control system for and method of combining materials
US8616760B2 (en) * 2005-09-01 2013-12-31 The Procter & Gamble Company Control system for and method of combining materials
US20070047384A1 (en) * 2005-09-01 2007-03-01 Mclaughlin Jon K Control system for and method of combining materials
US20080031085A1 (en) * 2005-09-01 2008-02-07 Mclaughlin Jon K Control system for and method of combining materials
CA2584955C (fr) * 2006-05-15 2014-12-02 Sulzer Chemtech Ag Melangeur statique
CN101209405B (zh) * 2006-12-27 2013-08-28 宁波万华聚氨酯有限公司 一种孔射流式喷射反应器
WO2008077287A1 (fr) * 2006-12-27 2008-07-03 Ningbo Wanhua Polyurethanes Co. Ltd. Réacteur à injection du type à gicleur à orifice
DE102008028616A1 (de) * 2008-04-21 2009-10-22 Heinrich Gillet Gmbh Mischer
US8017084B1 (en) * 2008-06-11 2011-09-13 Callidus Technologies, L.L.C. Ammonia injection grid for a selective catalytic reduction system
US8516786B2 (en) * 2009-08-13 2013-08-27 General Electric Company System and method for injection of cooling air into exhaust gas flow
US9387448B2 (en) * 2012-11-14 2016-07-12 Innova Global Ltd. Fluid flow mixer
US9718037B2 (en) * 2014-12-17 2017-08-01 Caterpillar Inc. Mixing system for aftertreatment system
US20180058698A1 (en) * 2016-08-23 2018-03-01 General Electric Technology Gmbh Tempered Ammonia Injection For Gas Turbine Selective Catalyst Reduction System

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US3018182A (en) * 1960-07-25 1962-01-23 John M Leach Process and apparatus for treating materials
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CH581493A5 (en) * 1974-06-24 1976-11-15 Escher Wyss Ag Static mixer for in line mixing - having sudden expansion with secondary fluid injection just prior to it
EP0157569A2 (fr) * 1984-03-28 1985-10-09 Kenox Corporation Système d'oxydation humide
EP0167060A1 (fr) * 1984-06-20 1986-01-08 Union Carbide Corporation Procédé pour disperser un fluide dans un autre
US4573803A (en) * 1984-05-15 1986-03-04 Union Oil Company Of California Injection nozzle
US4674888A (en) * 1984-05-06 1987-06-23 Komax Systems, Inc. Gaseous injector for mixing apparatus

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EP0201614B1 (fr) * 1985-05-14 1989-12-27 GebràœDer Sulzer Aktiengesellschaft Réacteur pour exécuter des réactions chimiques catalytiques hétérogènes
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH291049A (de) * 1949-02-24 1953-05-31 Minimax Ag Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung von Luftschaum.
US3018182A (en) * 1960-07-25 1962-01-23 John M Leach Process and apparatus for treating materials
DE2412454B1 (de) * 1974-03-11 1975-07-03 Sulzer Ag Statische Mischeinrichtung
CH581493A5 (en) * 1974-06-24 1976-11-15 Escher Wyss Ag Static mixer for in line mixing - having sudden expansion with secondary fluid injection just prior to it
EP0157569A2 (fr) * 1984-03-28 1985-10-09 Kenox Corporation Système d'oxydation humide
US4674888A (en) * 1984-05-06 1987-06-23 Komax Systems, Inc. Gaseous injector for mixing apparatus
US4573803A (en) * 1984-05-15 1986-03-04 Union Oil Company Of California Injection nozzle
EP0167060A1 (fr) * 1984-06-20 1986-01-08 Union Carbide Corporation Procédé pour disperser un fluide dans un autre

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1995012452A3 (fr) * 1993-11-01 1995-06-29 Erik Hoel Procede et appareil d'injection de gaz
WO1995012452A2 (fr) * 1993-11-01 1995-05-11 Erik Hoel Procede et appareil d'injection de gaz
DE10324886B4 (de) * 2003-05-30 2008-02-28 Framatome Anp Gmbh Mischelement und statischer Mischer mit einer Anzahl derartiger Mischelemente
DE10324886A1 (de) * 2003-05-30 2005-01-20 Framatome Anp Gmbh Mischelement und statischer Mischer mit einer Anzahl derartiger Mischelemente
US7665884B2 (en) 2003-07-28 2010-02-23 Areva ANP GmbH Mixing system
WO2005021144A1 (fr) * 2003-07-28 2005-03-10 Framatome Anp Gmbh Systeme de melange
EP1982756A1 (fr) 2007-04-19 2008-10-22 Magneti Marelli Sistemi di Scarico S.p.a. Système d'échappement d'un moteur à combustion interne
WO2009097878A1 (fr) * 2008-02-08 2009-08-13 Voith Patent Gmbh Système mélangeur et procédé approprié
CN101939086A (zh) * 2008-02-08 2011-01-05 沃依特专利有限责任公司 混合装置和方法
EP2098697A1 (fr) 2008-02-12 2009-09-09 Magneti Marelli S.p.A. Système d'échappement d'un moteur à combustion interne
WO2011020200A1 (fr) * 2009-08-18 2011-02-24 Flowtech Industries Ag Mélangeur statique et son utilisation, par exemple pour la dénitrification catalytique de gaz d'échappement et autres
US20110188338A1 (en) * 2010-02-03 2011-08-04 Albrecht Melvin J Stepped down gas mixing device
US8317390B2 (en) * 2010-02-03 2012-11-27 Babcock & Wilcox Power Generation Group, Inc. Stepped down gas mixing device
WO2011116840A1 (fr) 2010-03-22 2011-09-29 Sulzer Chemtech Ag Élément mélangeur ou disperseur et procédé de mélangeage ou dispersion statique
CN102389727A (zh) * 2011-10-13 2012-03-28 东南大学 一种scr脱硝四角切圆式氨气-烟气均混装置
DE102011089850A1 (de) * 2011-12-23 2013-06-27 Bosch Emission Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg Misch- und/oder Verdampfungseinrichtung für ein Abgassystem eines Kraftfahrzeugs
US9518734B2 (en) 2013-01-28 2016-12-13 General Electric Technology Gmbh Fluid distribution and mixing grid for mixing gases

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0526392B1 (fr) 1995-11-15
DE59204320D1 (de) 1995-12-21
JP3385042B2 (ja) 2003-03-10
ATE130220T1 (de) 1995-12-15
JPH05208125A (ja) 1993-08-20
US5380088A (en) 1995-01-10

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