EP0525377B1 - Valve - Google Patents

Valve Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0525377B1
EP0525377B1 EP92110524A EP92110524A EP0525377B1 EP 0525377 B1 EP0525377 B1 EP 0525377B1 EP 92110524 A EP92110524 A EP 92110524A EP 92110524 A EP92110524 A EP 92110524A EP 0525377 B1 EP0525377 B1 EP 0525377B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spring
valve
return spring
chamber opening
area
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP92110524A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0525377A1 (en
Inventor
Ferdinand Dipl.-Ing. Reiter
Martin Dr. Dipl.-Ing. Maier
Alwin Stegmaier
Kenneth Tanski
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Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0525377A1 publication Critical patent/EP0525377A1/en
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Publication of EP0525377B1 publication Critical patent/EP0525377B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/20—Closing valves mechanically, e.g. arrangements of springs or weights or permanent magnets; Damping of valve lift
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M51/0614—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of electromagnets or fixed armature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
    • F02M51/0625—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures
    • F02M51/0664—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding
    • F02M51/0671—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature having an elongated valve body attached thereto
    • F02M51/0682—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature having an elongated valve body attached thereto the body being hollow and its interior communicating with the fuel flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/168—Assembling; Disassembling; Manufacturing; Adjusting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
    • F02M61/165—Filtering elements specially adapted in fuel inlets to injector

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a valve according to the preamble of the main claim.
  • a valve is already known, in which an adjusting sleeve is pressed into a spring chamber opening, on which a return spring acting on the valve closing part is supported and the pressing depth of which in the spring chamber opening determines the spring force of the return spring.
  • the adjusting sleeve is pressed in, there is a risk of chip formation on the adjusting sleeve and on the wall of the spring chamber opening, so that the valve can be contaminated and damaged by the metal chips.
  • the valve according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main claim has the advantage that the adjusting sleeve, which serves to support and adjust the spring force of the return spring, can be dispensed with. In this way, the risk of chip formation when pressing in the adjusting sleeve is prevented. In addition, the manufacturing costs of the valve can be significantly reduced.
  • the return spring By pressing in the return spring, the return spring is prevented from rotating about its longitudinal axis during operation of the valve, and wear on the spring end of the return spring facing the valve closing part and on the end face adjacent to this spring end, e.g. a valve needle minimized.
  • the return spring is designed as a helical spring made of a spring steel wire, so that the return spring can be produced very easily and inexpensively and can be installed in the spring chamber opening.
  • the self-locking of the return spring which is designed as a helical spring and is pressed into the spring chamber opening, effectively prevents displacement of the return spring, so that a constant spring force of the return spring is ensured during operation of the valve. If the spring steel wire has a round cross-section, chip formation is particularly effectively avoided when the return spring is pressed into the spring chamber opening.
  • the return spring has at one end facing away from the valve needle an end of the spring steel wire pointing inwards in the radial direction.
  • Such a return spring can be mounted under axial pressure by turning in the direction of the turn in the spring chamber opening, the outer diameter of the return spring constricting and thus facilitating assembly without the risk of chip formation due to a contact with the wall of the spring chamber opening and with respect to it in Circumferential direction moving wire end.
  • FIG. 1 shows a valve according to a first exemplary embodiment according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a return spring according to the first exemplary embodiment
  • FIG. 3 shows a view of the return spring of the first exemplary embodiment in the direction of the arrow X in FIG. 2
  • FIG. 4 shows a return spring according to a second exemplary embodiment according to the invention
  • FIG 5 shows a view of the return spring according to the second exemplary embodiment in the direction of the arrow Y in FIG. 4
  • FIG. 6 shows a return spring according to a third exemplary embodiment according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows, for example, an electromagnetically actuated fuel injection valve for fuel injection systems of mixture-compressing spark-ignition internal combustion engines.
  • the fuel injector has a tubular inner pole 3, which is surrounded by a magnet coil 1 and serves as a fuel inlet connection.
  • the magnet coil 1 has a coil body 5 stepped in the radial direction with a winding 7 stepped in the radial direction and, in conjunction with the inner pole 3 having a constant outer diameter, enables one particularly compact design of the fuel injector.
  • a tubular intermediate part 13 is connected to a lower pole end 9 of the inner pole 3 concentrically with a valve longitudinal axis 11, for example by welding, and in this case partially surrounds the pole end 9 axially with an upper cylinder section 15.
  • the stepped coil former 5 partially overlaps the inner pole 3 and, with a step 17 of larger diameter, the upper cylinder section 15 of the intermediate part 13.
  • the intermediate part 13 is provided at its end facing away from the inner pole 3 with a lower cylinder section 19 which engages over a tubular nozzle holder 21 and is connected to it, for example by welding.
  • a cylindrical valve seat body 25 is tightly mounted by welding in a through opening 23 running concentrically to the valve longitudinal axis 11.
  • the valve seat body 25 has a fixed valve seat 27 facing the magnet coil 1, downstream of which, for example, two spray openings 29 are formed in the valve seat body 25. Downstream of the spray openings 29, for example, a treatment bore 31 is formed in the valve seat body 25 which widens in the shape of a truncated cone in the direction of flow.
  • the fixed valve seat 27 acts with a e.g. spherical valve closing part 33 together, which serves to open and close the valve.
  • the valve closing part 33 is connected with its end facing away from the fixed valve seat 27 to a tubular valve needle 35, for example by welding.
  • the valve needle 35 is provided with a tubular armature 37 e.g. connected by welding.
  • the armature 37 is guided on its circumference, for example, by a guide collar 39 of the intermediate part 13.
  • a return spring 43 which extends, for example, in the region of the pole end 9, is pressed into a continuous, stepped spring chamber opening 41 of the tubular inner pole 3, which runs concentrically to the valve longitudinal axis 11 and serves to supply the fuel in the direction of the valve seat 27.
  • the return spring 43 is designed, for example, as a helical spring made of, for example, a wire having a circular cross section. The circular cross section of the wire prevents chip formation when the return spring 43 is pressed in on the return spring and on the wall of the spring chamber opening 41.
  • the return spring 43 can be formed, for example, from a brass wire, from a spring steel wire or from any other wire.
  • the restoring spring 43 rests with a tension acting in the radial direction on the wall of the spring chamber opening 41. Due to the self-locking of the holding turns 45 of the pressed-in, designed as a helical return spring 43 this is held in the spring chamber opening 41 without the risk of displacement of the return spring 43 in the spring chamber opening 41 in the direction of the valve longitudinal axis 11.
  • the return spring 43 rests with its spring end face 46 facing the fixed valve seat 27 against an end face 47 of the valve needle 35 facing away from the valve closing part 33 and endeavors to move the valve closing part 33 in the direction of the fixed valve seat 27.
  • the press-in depth of the return spring 43 into the spring chamber opening 41 of the inner pole 3 determines the spring force of the return spring 43 and thus also influences the dynamic fuel quantity emitted during the opening and closing stroke of the valve.
  • the return spring 43 By pressing the return spring 43 into the spring chamber opening 41 of the inner pole 3, the return spring 43 is prevented from rotating about its longitudinal axis during operation of the valve and thus the wear and chip formation on the end face 47 of the valve needle 35 and on the spring end face resting on the end face 47 46 of the return spring 43 minimized.
  • a fuel filter 49 is arranged in the stepped spring chamber opening 41 of the inner pole 3 upstream of the return spring 43 in the direction facing away from the pole end 9.
  • the magnetic coil 1 is at least a guiding element 51, for example designed as a bracket and serving as a ferromagnetic element, which at least partially surrounds the magnetic coil 1 in the circumferential direction and rests with its one end on the inner pole 3 and with its other end on the nozzle holder 21 and with these, for example by welding or Soldering is connected.
  • a part of the fuel injector is enclosed by a plastic sheath 53, which extends from the inner pole 3 in the axial direction over the magnet coil 1 and the at least one guide element 51 and to which an electrical connector 55 is also molded.
  • the return spring 43 according to the first exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, FIG. 3 showing a view of the return spring in the direction of the arrow X in FIG. 2.
  • the return spring 43 has at its end 59 facing away from the spring end face 46, for example, three holding windings 45 which have a larger outer diameter than the diameter of the spring chamber opening 41 of the inner pole 3 and form a cylindrical clamping region 57.
  • Active spring windings 61 are connected to the holding windings 45 facing the spring end face 46 of the return spring 43. If the return spring 43, as shown in FIG. 1, is mounted in a valve, its active spring windings 61 exert a spring force on the valve closing part 33 in the direction of the valve seat 27.
  • the spring windings 61 have a smaller outer diameter than the diameter of the spring chamber opening 41 of the inner pole 3 and form a cylindrical active spring region 62.
  • the wire section has a wire end 63 at the two ends of the return spring 43, which is bent in the circumferential direction and partially ground off at least on the spring side 46, so that there is a flat spring end face 46.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 A return spring according to a second exemplary embodiment according to the invention is shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, FIG. 5 showing a view of the return spring 43 in the direction of the arrow Y in FIG.
  • the return spring 43 formed from a wire section has at its end 59 e.g. three holding turns 45, which have a larger outer diameter than the diameter of the spring chamber opening 41 and together form a cylindrical clamping region 57.
  • Active spring windings 61 which have a smaller outer diameter than the diameter of the spring chamber opening 41 and form an active cylindrical spring region 62, adjoin the holding windings 45 facing the spring end face 46.
  • the return spring 43 according to the second exemplary embodiment has a different winding direction and, at its end 59 facing away from the spring end face 46, a wire end 63 pointing inwards in the radial direction.
  • This inward-pointing wire end 63 enables the return spring 43 into the spring chamber opening 41 by rotating in the direction of the winding about its own axis, a force being applied in the direction facing the valve needle 35.
  • the outer diameter of the holding turns 45 constricts and thus facilitates the assembly of the return spring 43 in the spring chamber opening 41 of the inner pole 3.
  • the inward-pointing wire end 63 increases the risk of chip formation due to a contact with the wall of the spring chamber opening 41 and with the Assembly in the circumferential direction against the wall moving wire end prevented.
  • FIG. 6 shows a return spring 43 according to a third exemplary embodiment according to the invention.
  • the return spring 43 which has the form of a helical spring formed from a wire, for example five holding turns 45 which have a larger outer diameter than the diameter of the spring chamber opening 41 of the inner pole 3 and which together form a cylindrical clamping region 57 with which the return spring 43 is held by pressing in the spring chamber opening 41 of a valve.
  • the return spring 43 facing the spring end 46 has a plurality of active spring windings 61, which form a cylindrical active spring region 62, the outer diameter of which is smaller than the diameter of the spring chamber opening 41.
  • a conical transition region 65 provided with transition turns 67.
  • the return spring 43 is mounted in a valve, for example shown in FIG. 1, the active spring windings 61, together with the transition windings 67, exert a spring force directed in the direction of the valve seat 27 on the valve needle 35 and thus on the valve closing part 33.
  • the return spring 43 pressed into the spring chamber opening 41 of the valve makes it possible to dispense with the adjusting sleeve and thus to reduce the manufacturing costs of the valve. In addition, the risk of chip formation during the press-in process is avoided.

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die Erfindung geht aus von einem Ventil nach der Gattung des Hauptanspruchs. Aus der DE 38 31 196 A1 ist bereits ein Ventil bekannt, bei dem in eine Federraumöffnung eine Einstellhülse eingepreßt ist, an der sich eine auf das Ventilschließteil wirkende Rückstellfeder abstützt und deren Einpreßtiefe in die Federraumöffnung die Federkraft der Rückstellfeder bestimmt. Bei dem Einpressen der Einstellhülse besteht die Gefahr der Spanbildung an der Einstellhülse und an der Wandung der Federraumöffnung, so daß das Ventil verschmutzt und durch die metallischen Späne beschädigt werden kann.The invention relates to a valve according to the preamble of the main claim. From DE 38 31 196 A1 a valve is already known, in which an adjusting sleeve is pressed into a spring chamber opening, on which a return spring acting on the valve closing part is supported and the pressing depth of which in the spring chamber opening determines the spring force of the return spring. When the adjusting sleeve is pressed in, there is a risk of chip formation on the adjusting sleeve and on the wall of the spring chamber opening, so that the valve can be contaminated and damaged by the metal chips.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Das erfindungsgemäße Ventil mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Hauptanspruchs hat demgegenüber den Vorteil, daß auf die Einstellhülse, die zur Abstützung und zur Einstellung der Federkraft der Rückstellfeder dient, verzichtet werden kann. Auf diese Weise wird die Gefahr der Spanbildung beim Einpressen der Einstellhülse verhindert. Zudem können die Herstellkosten des Ventils wesentlich reduziert werden.The valve according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main claim has the advantage that the adjusting sleeve, which serves to support and adjust the spring force of the return spring, can be dispensed with. In this way, the risk of chip formation when pressing in the adjusting sleeve is prevented. In addition, the manufacturing costs of the valve can be significantly reduced.

Durch das Einpressen der Rückstellfeder wird ein Drehen der Rückstellfeder um ihre Längsachse im Betrieb des Ventils verhindert und der Verschleiß an der dem Ventilschließteil zugewandten Federstirnseite der Rückstellfeder und der an dieser Federstirnseite anliegende Stirnseite z.B. einer Ventilnadel minimiert.By pressing in the return spring, the return spring is prevented from rotating about its longitudinal axis during operation of the valve, and wear on the spring end of the return spring facing the valve closing part and on the end face adjacent to this spring end, e.g. a valve needle minimized.

Durch die in den Unteransprüchen aufgeführten Maßnahmen sind vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen und Verbesserungen des im Hauptanspruch angegebenen Ventils möglich.Advantageous further developments and improvements of the valve specified in the main claim are possible through the measures listed in the subclaims.

Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, wenn die Rückstellfeder als Schraubenfeder aus einem Federstahldraht ausgebildet ist, so daß die Rückstellfeder sehr einfach und kostengünstig herstellbar und in die Federraumöffnung montierbar ist. Durch die Selbsthemmung der als Schraubenfeder ausgebildeten, in die Federraumöffnung eingepreßten Rückstellfeder ist ein Verschieben der Rückstellfeder wirkungsvoll verhindert, so daß eine im Betrieb des Ventils gleichbleibende Federkraft der Rückstellfeder gewährleistet ist. Weist der Federstahldraht einen runden Querschnitt auf, so wird eine Spanbildung bei dem Einpressen der Rückstellfeder in die Federraumöffnung besonders wirkungsvoll vermieden.It is particularly advantageous if the return spring is designed as a helical spring made of a spring steel wire, so that the return spring can be produced very easily and inexpensively and can be installed in the spring chamber opening. The self-locking of the return spring, which is designed as a helical spring and is pressed into the spring chamber opening, effectively prevents displacement of the return spring, so that a constant spring force of the return spring is ensured during operation of the valve. If the spring steel wire has a round cross-section, chip formation is particularly effectively avoided when the return spring is pressed into the spring chamber opening.

Von Vorteil ist es, wenn die Rückstellfeder an einem der Ventilnadel abgewandten Ende ein in radialer Richtung nach innen weisendes Drahtende des Federstahldrahtes hat. Eine solche Rückstellfeder kann unter axialer Druckbelastung durch Drehen in Windungsrichtung in die Federraumöffnung montiert werden, wobei sich der Außendurchmesser der Rückstellfeder einschnürt und so die Montage erleichtert wird, ohne daß die Gefahr der Spanbildung durch ein an der Wandung der Federraumöffnung anliegendes und sich gegenüber dieser in Umfangsrichtung bewegendes Drahtende besteht.It is advantageous if the return spring has at one end facing away from the valve needle an end of the spring steel wire pointing inwards in the radial direction. Such a return spring can be mounted under axial pressure by turning in the direction of the turn in the spring chamber opening, the outer diameter of the return spring constricting and thus facilitating assembly without the risk of chip formation due to a contact with the wall of the spring chamber opening and with respect to it in Circumferential direction moving wire end.

Zeichnungdrawing

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in der Zeichnung vereinfacht dargestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigen Figur 1 ein Ventil gemäß eines ersten erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsbeispiels, Figur 2 eine Rückstellfeder gemäß des ersten Ausführungsbeispiels, Figur 3 eine Ansicht der Rückstellfeder des ersten Ausführungsbeispiels in Richtung des Pfeiles X in Figur 2, Figur 4 eine Rückstellfeder gemäß eines zweiten erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsbeispiels, Figur 5 eine Ansicht der Rückstellfeder gemäß des zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels in Richtung des Pfeiles Y in Figur 4 und Figur 6 eine Rückstellfeder gemäß eines dritten erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsbeispieles.Embodiments of the invention are shown in simplified form in the drawing and explained in more detail in the following description. FIG. 1 shows a valve according to a first exemplary embodiment according to the invention, FIG. 2 shows a return spring according to the first exemplary embodiment, FIG. 3 shows a view of the return spring of the first exemplary embodiment in the direction of the arrow X in FIG. 2, FIG. 4 shows a return spring according to a second exemplary embodiment according to the invention, FIG 5 shows a view of the return spring according to the second exemplary embodiment in the direction of the arrow Y in FIG. 4 and FIG. 6 shows a return spring according to a third exemplary embodiment according to the invention.

Beschreibung der AusführungsbeispieleDescription of the embodiments

In der Figur 1 ist beispielsweise ein elektromagnetisch betätigbares Brennstoffeinspritzventil für Brennstoffeinspritzanlagen von gemischverdichtenden fremdgezündeten Brennkraftmaschinen dargestellt. Das Brennstoffeinspritzventil hat einen von einer Magnetspule 1 umgebenen, als Brennstoffeinlaßstutzen dienenden rohrförmigen Innenpol 3. Die Magnetspule 1 weist einen in radialer Richtung gestuften Spulenkörper 5 mit einer in radialer Richtung gestuften Wicklung 7 auf und ermöglicht in Verbindung mit dem einen konstanten Außendurchmesser aufweisenden Innenpol 3 einen besonders kompakten Aufbau des Brennstoffeinspritzventils.FIG. 1 shows, for example, an electromagnetically actuated fuel injection valve for fuel injection systems of mixture-compressing spark-ignition internal combustion engines. The fuel injector has a tubular inner pole 3, which is surrounded by a magnet coil 1 and serves as a fuel inlet connection. The magnet coil 1 has a coil body 5 stepped in the radial direction with a winding 7 stepped in the radial direction and, in conjunction with the inner pole 3 having a constant outer diameter, enables one particularly compact design of the fuel injector.

Mit einem unteren Polende 9 des Innenpols 3 ist konzentrisch zu einer Ventillängsachse 11 dicht ein rohrförmiges Zwischenteil 13 beispielsweise durch Schweißen verbunden und umgibt dabei mit einem oberen Zylinderabschnitt 15 das Polende 9 teilweise axial. Der gestufte Spulenkörper 5 übergreift teilweise den Innenpol 3 und mit einer Stufe 17 größeren Durchmessers den oberen Zylinderabschnitt 15 des Zwischenteiles 13. Das Zwischenteil 13 ist an seinem dem Innenpol 3 abgewandten Ende mit einem unteren Zylinderabschnitt 19 versehen, der einen rohrförmigen Düsenhalter 21 übergreift und mit diesem beispielsweise durch Schweißen verbunden ist. In das stromabwärts liegende Ende des Düsenhalters 21 ist in einer konzentrisch zu der Ventillängsachse 11 verlaufenden Durchgangsöffnung 23 ein zylinderförmiger Ventilsitzkörper 25 durch Schweißen dicht montiert. Der Ventilsitzkörper 25 weist der Magnetspule 1 zugewandt einen festen Ventilsitz 27 auf, stromabwärts dessen im Ventilsitzkörper 25 z.B. zwei Abspritzöffnungen 29 ausgebildet sind. Stromabwärts der Abspritzöffnungen 29 ist in dem Ventilsitzkörper 25 beispielsweise eine sich in Strömungsrichtung kegelstumpfförmig erweiternde Aufbereitungsbohrung 31 ausgebildet.A tubular intermediate part 13 is connected to a lower pole end 9 of the inner pole 3 concentrically with a valve longitudinal axis 11, for example by welding, and in this case partially surrounds the pole end 9 axially with an upper cylinder section 15. The stepped coil former 5 partially overlaps the inner pole 3 and, with a step 17 of larger diameter, the upper cylinder section 15 of the intermediate part 13. The intermediate part 13 is provided at its end facing away from the inner pole 3 with a lower cylinder section 19 which engages over a tubular nozzle holder 21 and is connected to it, for example by welding. In the downstream end of the nozzle holder 21, a cylindrical valve seat body 25 is tightly mounted by welding in a through opening 23 running concentrically to the valve longitudinal axis 11. The valve seat body 25 has a fixed valve seat 27 facing the magnet coil 1, downstream of which, for example, two spray openings 29 are formed in the valve seat body 25. Downstream of the spray openings 29, for example, a treatment bore 31 is formed in the valve seat body 25 which widens in the shape of a truncated cone in the direction of flow.

Der feste Ventilsitz 27 wirkt mit einem z.B. kugelförmigen Ventilschließteil 33 zusammen, das zum Öffnen und Schließen des Ventils dient. Das Ventilschließteil 33 ist mit seinem dem festen Ventilsitz 27 abgewandten Ende mit einer rohrförmigen Ventilnadel 35 beispielsweise durch Schweißen verbunden. An ihrem anderen, dem Ventilschließteil 33 abgewandten Ende ist die Ventilnadel 35 mit einem rohrförmigen Anker 37 z.B. durch Schweißen verbunden. Der Anker 37 wird an seinem Umfang beispielsweise durch einen Führungsbund 39 des Zwischenteils 13 geführt.The fixed valve seat 27 acts with a e.g. spherical valve closing part 33 together, which serves to open and close the valve. The valve closing part 33 is connected with its end facing away from the fixed valve seat 27 to a tubular valve needle 35, for example by welding. At its other end, facing away from the valve closing part 33, the valve needle 35 is provided with a tubular armature 37 e.g. connected by welding. The armature 37 is guided on its circumference, for example, by a guide collar 39 of the intermediate part 13.

In eine konzentrisch zu der Ventillängsachse 11 verlaufende, durchgehende gestufte Federraumöffnung 41 des rohrförmigen Innenpols 3, die der Zufuhr des Brennstoffs in Richtung des Ventilsitzes 27 dient, ist eine Rückstellfeder 43 eingepreßt, die sich z.B. im Bereich des Polendes 9 erstreckt. Die Rückstellfeder 43 ist beispielsweise als Schraubenfeder aus einem z.B. einen kreisförmigen Querschnitt aufweisenden Draht ausgebildet. Der kreisförmige Querschnitt des Drahtes verhindert eine Spanbildung beim Einpressen der Rückstellfeder 43 an der Rückstellfeder und an der Wandung der Federraumöffnung 41. Die Rückstellfeder 43 kann z.B. aus einem Messingdraht, aus einem Federstahldraht oder aus einem beliebigen anderen Draht ausgebildet sein.A return spring 43, which extends, for example, in the region of the pole end 9, is pressed into a continuous, stepped spring chamber opening 41 of the tubular inner pole 3, which runs concentrically to the valve longitudinal axis 11 and serves to supply the fuel in the direction of the valve seat 27. The return spring 43 is designed, for example, as a helical spring made of, for example, a wire having a circular cross section. The circular cross section of the wire prevents chip formation when the return spring 43 is pressed in on the return spring and on the wall of the spring chamber opening 41. The return spring 43 can be formed, for example, from a brass wire, from a spring steel wire or from any other wire.

Mit z.B. drei, an einem dem Ventilschließteil 33 abgewandten Ende 59 ausgebildeten Haltewindungen 45, die einen größeren Außendurchmesser aufweisen als den Durchmesser der Federraumöffnung 41, liegt die Rückstellfeder 43 mit einer in radialer Richtung wirkenden Spannung an der Wandung der Federraumöffnung 41 an. Durch die Selbsthemmung der Haltewindungen 45 der eingepreßten, als Schraubenfeder ausgebildeten Rückstellfeder 43 wird diese in der Federraumöffnung 41 gehalten, ohne daß die Gefahr eines Verschiebens der Rückstellfeder 43 in der Federraumöffnung 41 in Richtung der Ventillängsachse 11 besteht.With e.g. three, at an end 59 facing away from the valve closing part 33, holding windings 45, which have a larger outer diameter than the diameter of the spring chamber opening 41, the restoring spring 43 rests with a tension acting in the radial direction on the wall of the spring chamber opening 41. Due to the self-locking of the holding turns 45 of the pressed-in, designed as a helical return spring 43 this is held in the spring chamber opening 41 without the risk of displacement of the return spring 43 in the spring chamber opening 41 in the direction of the valve longitudinal axis 11.

Die Rückstellfeder 43 liegt mit ihrer dem festen Ventilsitz 27 zugewandten Federstirnseite 46 an einer dem Ventilschließteil 33 abgewandten Stirnseite 47 der Ventilnadel 35 an und ist bestrebt, das Ventilschließteil 33 in Richtung des festen Ventilsitzes 27 zu bewegen. Die Einpreßtiefe der Rückstellfeder 43 in die Federraumöffnung 41 des Innenpols 3 bestimmt die Federkraft der Rückstellfeder 43 und beeinflußt damit auch die dynamische, während des Öffnungs- und des Schließhubes des Ventils abgegebene Brennstoffmenge.The return spring 43 rests with its spring end face 46 facing the fixed valve seat 27 against an end face 47 of the valve needle 35 facing away from the valve closing part 33 and endeavors to move the valve closing part 33 in the direction of the fixed valve seat 27. The press-in depth of the return spring 43 into the spring chamber opening 41 of the inner pole 3 determines the spring force of the return spring 43 and thus also influences the dynamic fuel quantity emitted during the opening and closing stroke of the valve.

Durch das Einpressen der Rückstellfeder 43 in die Federraumöffnung 41 des Innenpols 3 wird ein Drehen der Rückstellfeder 43 um ihre Längsachse im Betrieb des Ventils verhindert und damit der Verschleiß sowie die Spanbildung an der Stirnseite 47 der Ventilnadel 35 und an der an der Stirnseite 47 anliegenden Federstirnseite 46 der Rückstellfeder 43 minimiert.By pressing the return spring 43 into the spring chamber opening 41 of the inner pole 3, the return spring 43 is prevented from rotating about its longitudinal axis during operation of the valve and thus the wear and chip formation on the end face 47 of the valve needle 35 and on the spring end face resting on the end face 47 46 of the return spring 43 minimized.

In der gestuften Federraumöffnung 41 des Innenpols 3 ist stromaufwärts der Rückstellfeder 43 in dem Polende 9 abgewandter Richtung ein Brennstoffilter 49 angeordnet. Die Magnetspule 1 ist von wenigstens einem, beispielsweise als Bügel ausgebildeten und als ferromagnetisches Element dienenden Leitelement 51 umgeben, das die Magnetspule 1 in Umfangsrichtung wenigstens teilweise umgibt sowie mit seinem einen Ende an dem Innenpol 3 und mit seinem anderen Ende an dem Düsenhalter 21 anliegt und mit diesen z.B. durch Schweißen oder Löten verbunden ist. Ein Teil des Brennstoffeinspritzventils ist von einer Kunststoffummantelung 53 umschlossen, die sich vom Innenpol 3 ausgehend in axialer Richtung über die Magnetspule 1 und das wenigstens eine Leitelement 51 erstreckt und an die ein elektrischer Anschlußstecker 55 mitangespritzt ist.A fuel filter 49 is arranged in the stepped spring chamber opening 41 of the inner pole 3 upstream of the return spring 43 in the direction facing away from the pole end 9. The magnetic coil 1 is at least a guiding element 51, for example designed as a bracket and serving as a ferromagnetic element, which at least partially surrounds the magnetic coil 1 in the circumferential direction and rests with its one end on the inner pole 3 and with its other end on the nozzle holder 21 and with these, for example by welding or Soldering is connected. A part of the fuel injector is enclosed by a plastic sheath 53, which extends from the inner pole 3 in the axial direction over the magnet coil 1 and the at least one guide element 51 and to which an electrical connector 55 is also molded.

Die Rückstellfeder 43 gemäß des in der Figur 1 dargestellten ersten Ausführungsbeispiels ist in den Figuren 2 und 3 dargestellt, wobei die Figur 3 eine Ansicht der Rückstellfeder in Richtung des Pfeiles X in Figur 2 zeigt. Die Rückstellfeder 43 hat an ihrem der Federstirnseite 46 abgewandten Ende 59 beispielsweise drei Haltewindungen 45, die einen größeren Außendurchmesser als den Durchmesser der Federraumöffnung 41 des Innenpols 3 aufweisen und einen zylindrischen Klemmbereich 57 bilden. Durch das Einpressen der Rückstellfeder 43 in die Federraumöffnung 41 wird die Rückstellfeder aufgrund der in radialer Richtung wirkenden Spannungen zwischen den Haltewindungen 45 bzw. dem zylindrischen Klemmbereich 57 und der Wandung der Federraumöffnung 41 sicher gehalten, ohne daß die Gefahr eines Verschiebens der Rückstellfeder 43 in Richtung der Ventillängsachse 11 besteht. An die Haltewindungen 45 schließen sich der Federstirnseite 46 der Rückstellfeder 43 zugewandt aktive Federwindungen 61 an. Wird die Rückstellfeder 43, wie in der Figur 1 dargestellt, in ein Ventil montiert, so üben ihre aktiven Federwindungen 61 eine Federkraft auf das Ventilschließteil 33 in Richtung des Ventilsitzes 27 aus. Die Federwindungen 61 weisen einen kleineren Außendurchmesser auf als den Durchmesser der Federraumöffnung 41 des Innenpols 3 und bilden einen zylindrischen aktiven Federbereich 62. Der Drahtabschnitt hat an den beiden Enden der Rückstellfeder 43 jeweils ein Drahtende 63, das in Umfangsrichtung gebogen und zumindest an der Federseite 46 teilweise abgeschliffen ist, so daß sich eine ebene Federstirnseite 46 ergibt.The return spring 43 according to the first exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, FIG. 3 showing a view of the return spring in the direction of the arrow X in FIG. 2. The return spring 43 has at its end 59 facing away from the spring end face 46, for example, three holding windings 45 which have a larger outer diameter than the diameter of the spring chamber opening 41 of the inner pole 3 and form a cylindrical clamping region 57. By pressing the restoring spring 43 into the spring chamber opening 41, the restoring spring is held securely due to the stresses acting in the radial direction between the holding turns 45 or the cylindrical clamping region 57 and the wall of the spring chamber opening 41, without the risk of the restoring spring 43 moving in the direction the valve longitudinal axis 11. Active spring windings 61 are connected to the holding windings 45 facing the spring end face 46 of the return spring 43. If the return spring 43, as shown in FIG. 1, is mounted in a valve, its active spring windings 61 exert a spring force on the valve closing part 33 in the direction of the valve seat 27. The spring windings 61 have a smaller outer diameter than the diameter of the spring chamber opening 41 of the inner pole 3 and form a cylindrical active spring region 62. The wire section has a wire end 63 at the two ends of the return spring 43, which is bent in the circumferential direction and partially ground off at least on the spring side 46, so that there is a flat spring end face 46.

Eine Rückstellfeder gemäß eines zweiten erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsbeispiels ist in den Figuren 4 und 5 dargestellt, wobei die Figur 5 eine Ansicht der Rückstellfeder 43 in Richtung des Pfeiles Y in der Figur 4 zeigt. Wie bei dem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel weist die aus einem Drahtabschnitt ausgebildete Rückstellfeder 43 an ihrem Ende 59 z.B. drei Haltewindungen 45 auf, die einen größeren Außendurchmesser als den Durchmesser der Federraumöffnung 41 aufweisen und gemeinsam einen zylindrischen Klemmbereich 57 bilden. An die Haltewindungen 45 schließen sich der Federstirnseite 46 zugewandt aktive Federwindungen 61 an, die einen kleineren Außendurchmesser als den Durchmesser der Federraumöffnung 41 aufweisen und einen aktiven zylindrischen Federbereich 62 bilden. Im Gegensatz zu der Rückstellfeder nach dem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel hat die Rückstellfeder 43 nach dem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel eine andere Windungsrichtung und an ihrem der Federstirnseite 46 abgewandten Ende 59 ein in radialer Richtung nach innen weisendes Drahtende 63. Dieses nach innen weisende Drahtende 63 ermöglicht es, die Rückstellfeder 43 in die Federraumöffnung 41 durch Drehen in Windungsrichtung um ihre eigene Achse einzuschieben, wobei eine Kraft in der Ventilnadel 35 zugewandter Richtung aufgebracht wird. Dabei schnürt sich der Außendurchmesser der Haltewindungen 45 ein und erleichtert so die Montage der Rückstellfeder 43 in der Federraumöffnung 41 des Innenpols 3. Durch das nach innen weisende Drahtende 63 wird die Gefahr der Spanbildung durch ein an der Wandung der Federraumöffnung 41 anliegendes und sich bei der Montage in Umfangsrichtung gegenüber der Wandung bewegendes Drahtende verhindert.A return spring according to a second exemplary embodiment according to the invention is shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, FIG. 5 showing a view of the return spring 43 in the direction of the arrow Y in FIG. As in the first embodiment, the return spring 43 formed from a wire section has at its end 59 e.g. three holding turns 45, which have a larger outer diameter than the diameter of the spring chamber opening 41 and together form a cylindrical clamping region 57. Active spring windings 61, which have a smaller outer diameter than the diameter of the spring chamber opening 41 and form an active cylindrical spring region 62, adjoin the holding windings 45 facing the spring end face 46. In contrast to the return spring according to the first exemplary embodiment, the return spring 43 according to the second exemplary embodiment has a different winding direction and, at its end 59 facing away from the spring end face 46, a wire end 63 pointing inwards in the radial direction. This inward-pointing wire end 63 enables the return spring 43 into the spring chamber opening 41 by rotating in the direction of the winding about its own axis, a force being applied in the direction facing the valve needle 35. The outer diameter of the holding turns 45 constricts and thus facilitates the assembly of the return spring 43 in the spring chamber opening 41 of the inner pole 3. The inward-pointing wire end 63 increases the risk of chip formation due to a contact with the wall of the spring chamber opening 41 and with the Assembly in the circumferential direction against the wall moving wire end prevented.

In der Figur 6 ist eine Rückstellfeder 43 gemäß eines dritten erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsbeispiels dargestellt. An ihrem Ende 59 weist die Rückstellfeder 43, die die Form einer aus einem Draht ausgebildeten Schraubenfeder hat, z.B. fünf Haltewindungen 45 auf, die einen größeren Außendurchmesser haben als den Durchmesser der Federraumöffnung 41 des Innenpols 3 und die gemeinsam einen zylindrischen Klemmbereich 57 bilden, mit dem die Rückstellfeder 43 durch Einpressen in der Federraumöffnung 41 eines Ventils gehalten ist. Der Federstirnseite 46 zugewandt hat die Rückstellfeder 43 eine Mehrzahl von aktiven Federwindungen 61, die einen zylindrischen aktiven Federbereich 62 bilden, dessen Außendurchmesser kleiner ist als der Durchmesser der Federraumöffnung 41. Zwischen dem zylindrischen Klemmbereich 57 und dem aktiven zylindrischen Federbereich 62 ist ein konisch verlaufender Übergangsbereich 65 mit Übergangswindungen 67 vorgesehen. Ist die Rückstellfeder 43 in einem z.B. in der Figur 1 dargestellten Ventil montiert, so üben die aktiven Federwindungen 61 zusammen mit den Übergangswindungen 67 eine in Richtung des Ventilsitzes 27 gerichtete Federkraft auf die Ventilnadel 35 und damit auf das Ventilschließteil 33 aus.6 shows a return spring 43 according to a third exemplary embodiment according to the invention. At the end 59 has the return spring 43, which has the form of a helical spring formed from a wire, for example five holding turns 45 which have a larger outer diameter than the diameter of the spring chamber opening 41 of the inner pole 3 and which together form a cylindrical clamping region 57 with which the return spring 43 is held by pressing in the spring chamber opening 41 of a valve. The return spring 43 facing the spring end 46 has a plurality of active spring windings 61, which form a cylindrical active spring region 62, the outer diameter of which is smaller than the diameter of the spring chamber opening 41. Between the cylindrical clamping region 57 and the active cylindrical spring region 62 is a conical transition region 65 provided with transition turns 67. If the return spring 43 is mounted in a valve, for example shown in FIG. 1, the active spring windings 61, together with the transition windings 67, exert a spring force directed in the direction of the valve seat 27 on the valve needle 35 and thus on the valve closing part 33.

Die in die Federraumöffnung 41 des Ventils eingepreßte Rückstellfeder 43 ermöglicht einen Verzicht auf die Einstellhülse und damit eine Senkung der Herstellkosten des Ventils. Zudem wird die Gefahr der Spanbildung beim Einpreßvorgang vermieden.The return spring 43 pressed into the spring chamber opening 41 of the valve makes it possible to dispense with the adjusting sleeve and thus to reduce the manufacturing costs of the valve. In addition, the risk of chip formation during the press-in process is avoided.

Claims (5)

  1. Valve, in particular injection valve, for fuel injection systems of internal combustion engines, having a valve closing component (33) which interacts with a valve seat (27), and having a restoring spring (43) which is arranged in a spring space opening (41) and presses the valve closing component (33) in the direction of the valve seat (27), characterized in that the restoring spring (43) has a clamping area (57) with which it is pressed into the spring space opening (41), and is held in the spring space opening (41) by a tensile force which is directed radially outwards, and has an active spring area (62) which faces the valve closing component (33).
  2. Valve according to Claim 1, characterized in that the restoring spring (43) is constructed as a helical spring made of spring steel wire.
  3. Valve according to Claim 2, characterized in that the restoring spring (43) has an active spring area (62) which faces the valve closing component (33) and has a smaller diameter than the spring space opening (41), and a cylindrical clamping area (57) which faces away from the valve closing component (33) and has a larger diameter than the spring space opening (41).
  4. Valve according to Claim 3, characterized in that the restoring spring (43) has a conically extending intermediate area (65) between the spring area (62) and the cylindrical clamping area (57).
  5. Valve according to one of Claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the restoring spring (43) has at an end (59) which faces away from the valve needle (35) a wire end (63) of the spring steel wire which points inwards in a radial direction.
EP92110524A 1991-07-30 1992-06-23 Valve Expired - Lifetime EP0525377B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4125155 1991-07-30
DE4125155A DE4125155C1 (en) 1991-07-30 1991-07-30

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EP0525377A1 EP0525377A1 (en) 1993-02-03
EP0525377B1 true EP0525377B1 (en) 1995-09-13

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EP92110524A Expired - Lifetime EP0525377B1 (en) 1991-07-30 1992-06-23 Valve

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US (1) US5217204A (en)
EP (1) EP0525377B1 (en)
JP (1) JP3162492B2 (en)
DE (2) DE4125155C1 (en)

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JP3799599B2 (en) * 2001-02-26 2006-07-19 株式会社デンソー Welding apparatus and welding method
US6928986B2 (en) * 2003-12-29 2005-08-16 Siemens Diesel Systems Technology Vdo Fuel injector with piezoelectric actuator and method of use
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JP3162492B2 (en) 2001-04-25
JPH05196164A (en) 1993-08-06
DE4125155C1 (en) 1993-02-04
DE59203652D1 (en) 1995-10-19
EP0525377A1 (en) 1993-02-03
US5217204A (en) 1993-06-08

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