EP0524221B1 - Fabrication de grappes de fibres arondies - Google Patents

Fabrication de grappes de fibres arondies Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0524221B1
EP0524221B1 EP91907407A EP91907407A EP0524221B1 EP 0524221 B1 EP0524221 B1 EP 0524221B1 EP 91907407 A EP91907407 A EP 91907407A EP 91907407 A EP91907407 A EP 91907407A EP 0524221 B1 EP0524221 B1 EP 0524221B1
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Prior art keywords
fiber
clusters
clothing
main cylinder
staple fiber
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German (de)
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EP0524221A1 (fr
EP0524221B2 (fr
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Adrian Charles Snyder
George Larry Vaughn
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EIDP Inc
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EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/02—Cotton wool; Wadding
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4326—Condensation or reaction polymers
    • D04H1/435—Polyesters

Definitions

  • This invention relates to improvements in making rounded clusters from staple fiber, and more particularly to a process and apparatus for making such clusters, and the resulting rounded (e.g. ball-like) clusters, especially from resilient crimped fiber of denier 4 to 15 (about 4 to 17 dtex) such as is useful for filling purposes.
  • Staple fiber has long been used as filling material, for support and/or insulating purposes.
  • Polyester fiberfill has been a particularly desirable fiber for such purposes, because of its bulk, resilience, resistance to attack by mildew and other desirable features.
  • Marcus has disclosed a useful batch process and apparatus that takes advantage of the spirally-crimped nature of his feed material for making such fiberballs, which are being produced commercially and have proved useful and interesting ball-like fiber structures, because of their lofty nature, because they are easily transported by air-conveying during processing, and because of the interesting and advantageous properties of the products, which may be processed into several interesting variants.
  • fiber clusters we generally refer to these structures herein as fiber clusters.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a process and apparatus that can be operated to provide such ball-like clusters of fibers continuously at high throughputs. Another object is to provide a process and apparatus that does not necessarily require a special feed fiber, but can be operated satisfactorily also with regular polyester staple fiber, or indeed other fibrous materials, to form fiber clusters of such densities and uniformity as may be required. A further object is to provide a process and apparatus that may be used to form clusters from fibers of coarser denier, even above 10.
  • a process for preparing rounded clusters of fibers comprising feeding a uniform layer of staple fiber onto the peripheral surface of a rotating main cylinder covered with card clothing, whereby the fiber is advanced around the peripheral surface by said clothing and is brought into contact with a plurality of frictional surfaces, whereby said fiber is formed into clusters that are rolled into rounded configurations on the peripheral surface, characterized in that there is provided at least one arcuate doffing screen, radially-spaced from said clothing, said doffing screen being provided with openings of sufficient size for the clusters to pass through said openings, and to be doffed by emerging through said openings.
  • transverse means transverse to the machine direction, i.e. the direction of rotation of the main cylinder, so the "transverse" ribs of such doffing screen are parallel to the axis of the main cylinder.
  • a cluster-forming machine that is an improvement in a staple fiber carding machine comprising a rotatable main cylinder having its peripheral surface covered with card clothing and adapted to rotate in close proximity with a plurality of cooperating frictional surfaces, means to feed staple fiber in a uniform layer onto said main cylinder, and doffing means, the improvement characterized in that said frictional surfaces cooperate with the card clothing on the peripheral surface of the main cylinder in such a way that fiber clusters are formed by the cooperation between the card clothing and said frictional surfaces, and the doffing means comprises a doffing screen provided with openings of sufficient size for the fiber clusters to emerge.
  • cooperating frictional surfaces include stationary elements with frictional surfaces, such as plates and segments that may be smooth or covered with card clothing, and screens, and also movable elements, including worker and stripper rolls, such as are used on roller-top cards, and belt-driven flat elements, such as are used on revolving flat cards.
  • An important advantage according to the invention is that doffing and transportation of the emerging clusters may be assisted by suction and/or blowing.
  • the rounded clusters may be blown directly into tickings and formed into pillows or other filled articles.
  • the clusters may be packed and later processed as desired.
  • an improved process for preparing rounded clusters of fibers comprising feeding a uniform layer of staple fiber onto the peripheral surface of a rotating main cylinder covered with card clothing, providing a plurality of essentially arcuate frictional surfaces that are spaced radially from said clothing, wherein the radial spacing and frictional characteristics of said frictional surfaces and of said clothing and the rate of feed of said staple fiber are controlled so that said clothing becomes loaded with a compressible layer of fibers, whereby lofty rounded clusters of fibers are formed in the peripheral space between said clothing and said frictional surfaces, and doffing said clusters.
  • the fact that the card clothing is loaded with fiber is another significant difference from operating a conventional carding machine of this type. It is very surprising that rounded clusters are formed in the peripheral space when these (arcuate) frictional surfaces are so spaced and the process is so operated, as described herein.
  • the staple fiber that is fed to the main cylinder may be in various forms, e.g. a cross-lapped batt, or may be bale stock that has previously been baled, but is fed to the main cylinder after having been opened.
  • the staple fiber fed to the main cylinder may have been slickened.
  • staple fiber of hollow cross-section is preferred.
  • the staple fiber fed to the main cylinder may be a blend of polyester fiberfill or other high melting fiber blended with lower melting binder fiber.
  • the denier of the feed fiber may be as high as 15 dpf (about 17 dtex), and will generally be at least 4 dpf (about 4 dtex) for use as filling material, especially for support purposes, but will be selected according to the desired end use.
  • useful blends for apparel insulation have been made from fiber of denier as low as 1-2 dpf (about 1-2 dtex).
  • a mass of lofty rounded staple fiber clusters of average dimension about 1 to about 15 mm, and of average density less than about 1 pound per cubic foot (about 16 Kg/cu m), consisting essentially of randomly-entwined, mechanically-crimped synthetic staple fiber of cut length about 10 to about 60 mm, provided the staple fibers are not fibers having both spiral and mechanical crimp in the same fiber.
  • Marcus fiber clusters prepared from spirally-crimped feed fiber; they are quite distinct from the hard neps or nubs that have been used in novelty yarns, and that are small knotted or tangled clumps of synthetic fibers or indeed of natural fibers, such as cotton.
  • preferred forms of our mechanically-crimped synthetic fiber may be slickened polyester staple fiber, and/or a blend with a lower melting binder fiber, that may, if desired, be a sheath/core bicomponent with a sheath of lower melting binder material, and a core of polyester or like high melting fiber-forming material.
  • such low dpf fiber When a filling is used for support purposes, such low dpf fiber is generally not as desirable as higher deniers of 4 (about 4 dtex) and above (even up to 15 denier, about 17 dtex) that are generally preferred, because of their resilience. This property, however, increases the difficulty of making clusters that will not later unravel. It should be understood that our process and machine may also be operated with low denier feed fiber that is easier to form into clusters. In other words, although higher denier synthetic fibers are generally preferred as filling material, lower denier synthetic and natural fibers may also be formed into fiber clusters by our process and machine.
  • FIG. 1 which does not show the card clothing
  • a main cylinder 10 of
  • main cylinder 10 The periphery of main cylinder 10 is surrounded by a series of stationary cooperating frictional surface elements, indicated generally by 14, and more specifically (serially from licker-in 11) as 15, 16, 17, 18 and 19, all of which have arcuate frictional surfaces that are spaced-radially from the (teeth of the card clothing on) main cylinder 10 to allow processing (into clusters) fiber fed from licker-in 11 within the peripheral space around main cylinder 10, and defined on the outside periphery of such space by the arcuate frictional surfaces of these stationary elements 14.
  • the radial spacing may be adjusted, and this can be an important means for controlling the process and the products produced.
  • opened fiber is uniformly fed between feed plate 13 and feed roll 12, which latter is provided with teeth (or other means) to advance the fiber towards licker-in 11, more or less as shown in Figure 84, on page 39 of Klein's Manual.
  • the clothing on licker-in 11 forwards the new fiber (fed from feed roll 12 and feed plate 13) past underlying basket 11A to the clothing on main cylinder 10. Both sets of clothing are travelling in the same direction, but that on main cylinder 10 is moving at a much higher speed.
  • the new fiber is picked up by the teeth on main cylinder 10 and enters the space between the arcuate frictional surfaces of stationary elements 14 and main cylinder 10 (covered with card clothing).
  • this fiber is not loaded uniformly in density or spatially (when the processor is run with a correct feed rate of fiber and main cylinder speed); in other words, there are relatively high locations loaded with more fiber and contrastingly lower locations loaded with less fiber across the width of the main cylinder and in the direction of rotation.
  • This loading of fiber on the main cylinder is an important difference from a carding operation (using this type of machine, before modification). During such carding, it is desirable to doff all the fiber so that only a very thin layer of fiber is fed and so that all is doffed. In other words, during such carding, it is important to avoid loading the cylinder.
  • Such loading is represented in a sketch in Figure 2, showing how a typical section might look if cut through the card clothing and fiber on a loaded main cylinder (not shown in Figure 2) in a simplified and idealized view.
  • the upper portion 21 shows fiber while the lower portion 22 indicates the location of the card clothing (some of which would be gripping fiber).
  • Figure 3 is a sketched representation of how fibers 24 are gripped by carding teeth 25 of a type that we have used.
  • clusters 23 As some of the fiber shown in the upper portion 21 of Figure 2 is released in clusters 23, and is no longer gripped by the card clothing, such clusters pass through the space between the card clothing (loaded with fiber) and stationary frictional surface elements 14, and are believed to follow tortuous paths, and so to be rolled and become rounded clusters.
  • the clusters progress around main cylinder 10, they reach the space between the surface of main cylinder 10 and a doffing screen, which is one of the stationary elements 14, specifically element 17, which is a ribbed screen.
  • Fig. 5 shows clusters 23 emerging between ribs 31, after being released from the loaded fiber 21 in the peripheral space between the ribs 31 and main cylinder 10.
  • any loose fiber or incompletely-formed cluster is less likely to emerge from the processor through the transverse spaces, and such fiber masses as do not emerge may roll back down the sides of the ribs to reenter the arcuate space around main cylinder 10.
  • the fiber clusters may be collected, e.g. under low suction, and delivered, e.g. for packing and shipping, or for further processing, by an air conveying system.
  • An important advantage of fiberfill in the form of round clusters which do not readily entangle, is the ability to transport them easily by blowing.
  • a doffing screen may advantageously be used to doff clusters made on other types of machines, different from the preferred type according to our invention.
  • the next element 18 may also be a screen that acts as a further doffing screen, and performs a similar function.
  • the last element 19 may also be a screen, referred to as a back bottom screen; this element is preferably, however, a plate to provide a frictional surface without doffing.
  • Element 19 may be connected to licker-in basket 11A, as shown in Fig. 1, to avoid loss of fiber from the machine at this point.
  • the fiber feed rate should be tuned to the spacings between the frictional surfaces and the main cylinder, and to the speed of the main cylinder. If the clearances are too tight, then this can overload the main cylinder, or make very tight, dense non-round clusters. As the clearance is increased, then the balls may become more hairy, i.e. have more free ends. Higher feed rates can be accommodated with appropriate clearances and speed to give good clusters.
  • the clearances (spacings) between the main cylinder and the frictional surface elements should not be too tight, or this will cause very dense loading of clothing and lead to cluster forms that may be unacceptable.
  • the spacings need to be adjusted to achieve a stable loading (topography) and can be used to help change the average ball diameter. These spacings may be adjusted by conventional means, such as slots in the rims of the elements 14, with bolts on the main cylinder and nuts to tighten and fix the elements at the desired spacing, as shown in Fig. 4.
  • the various elements 14 surrounding the circumference of the main cylinder may themselves be surrounded by removable sections of covering plates to retain any loose fiber that would otherwise escape, but these are not shown in the interests of clarity and simplicity.
  • a tow of asymmetrically jet-quenched, drawn, slickened, poly(ethylene terephthalate) filaments of 4.5 den (5 dtex) was prepared conventionally, without mechanically crimping, using a draw ratio of about 2.8X, applying a polysiloxane slickener in amount about 0.3% Si OWF, and relaxing at a temperature of about 175 ° C in rope form.
  • the rope was then cut into 32 mm (about 1.25 inches) staple, and relaxed again at about 175°C.
  • the crimp developed by this process is 3-dimensional in nature and is a non-chemical approach to achieving a spiral-type of crimp.
  • the staple was formed into a bale, compressed to a density of approximately 12 Ib/cu. ft (about 192 Kg/cu m).
  • the staple was opened using a Masterclean R opener (available from John D. Hollingsworth On Wheels, Greenville, SC) and then manually charged to the hopper section of a CMC Evenfeed (available from Rando Machine Company, Ard, NY), which presented a uniform amount of opened feed fiber across the width of the processor.
  • a Masterclean R opener available from John D. Hollingsworth On Wheels, Greenville, SC
  • CMC Evenfeed available from Rando Machine Company, LORD, NY
  • the processor was as shown in Figure 1, being a 40 inch (1 meter) wide card (available from John D. Hollingsworth on Wheels, Greenville, SC) modified so as to have the following essential elements:
  • ribbed screens are not the only stationary elements with frictional surfaces which can be used to achieve a good cluster product.
  • the frictional elements 14 that we have used have been stationary, appropriate to the design of the type of card we have modified, some cards with movable frictional elements may also be modified for use according to our invention, for instance with rollers or belt-driven flat elements.
  • Control of product removal is accomplished by using one or more ribbed doffing screens (with adequately wide rib-to-rib spacing) according to our invention. These have been located at the upper and lower front screen locations on main cylinder 10, corresponding to where a card is generally doffed. This doffing location is conventional but is not essential, and an advantage may be obtained with other doffing locations, depending on the design and layout of the operation. Wider doffing spacings have been more useful when doffing with a lower screen, such as 18, as centrifugal force is assisted by gravity underneath main cylinder 10. On the upper front (doffing) screen 17, spacings wider than about half an inch (about 13 mm) have resulted in problems in getting the clusters propelled away from the proximity of the main cylinder.
  • free fiber may emerge with the desired clusters if there in a "window" of width as much as three inches (8 cm). This may not be desirable, in general, when the object is to make clusters efficiently.
  • bonded products as indicated by Marcus, it may be desired to provide a mixture of rounded fiberballs and loose binder fiber, in which case free fiber may provide an advantage.
  • a screen and rib design similar to a venetian blind concept, using adjustable openings, and designs providing a Coanda effect may be used to assist centrifugal force in removing the clusters from the main cylinder.
  • Example 1 the speed of main cylinder 10 was set and controlled at 250 rpm, and the speed of licker-in 11 was adjusted to provide a normalized fiber feed rate of about 80-90 pph/meter (of the order of 40 Kg/hr/m) card width.
  • the speed of licker-in 11 was ratioed to the main cylinder, and was measured at 180 rpm. Spacing of the peripheral frictional elements 14 from the main cylinder (clothing) was set at 0.080 inch (about 2 mm). Using these settings, satisfactory clusters were produced having free fall bulk densities that were satisfactorily uniform, and measured between 0.55 and 0.70 Ibs/cuft (about 9 to about 11 Kg/cu m).
  • Example 1 the cohesion and bulk of the clusters were measured and compared with commercial clusters (ART). These measurements (given in Table 2B) indicate that their cohesion and bulk under load varied significantly, depending on the fiber used, and its crimp and configuration, and their cohesion values were not as good as for the spiral crimp fibers of Example 1. Some aspects of the cluster products from these different fibers could possibly be improved by varying the processing conditions.
  • the feed fiber for this Example was spun from poly(ethylene terephthalate), of 5.5 dpf (about 6 dtex), mechanically crimped (about 7 cpi, about 3/cm), similarly polysiloxane-slickened (about 0.3 % Si OWF), 7- hole fiber (total void content about 12%), cut to 1.25 inch (about 3cm) staple.
  • This fiber was opened on a Masterclean R opener, as in Examples 1 and 2, prior to feeding to a fiberball making apparatus.
  • the configuration of the frictional surfaces 14 was somewhat different from that used in Example 1 (and as shown in Figure 1) but the apparatus was otherwise as described hereinbefore.
  • the frictional surfaces 14 were, in order starting from licker-in 11 as follows, with spacings measured from the card clothing on the main cylinder, it being understood that the plates were all smooth or with their card clothing reversed from the normal carding direction, so as not to be opposed to the aggressive clothing on main cylinder 10.
  • Main cylinder 10 was driven at 270 rpm, and licker-in 11 at about 195 rpm, with a feed rate of fiber to provide about 80-90 pph of clusters. These clusters were well rounded, were easily transported by air, and remained discrete even after repeatedly being compressed by hand, although they had significantly more free ends than the clusters from Example 1.
  • the product was blown into commercial pillow ticks of regular size, using 22 oz (625 g) filling weights equivalent to commercial pillows (filled with clusters), so that they could be rated visually, both when newly-filled and after three standardized stomp and laundry cycles, and were found only slightly less lofty and refluffable than such commercial cluster filling.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Pens And Brushes (AREA)

Abstract

On peut obtenir des grappes de fibres arondies en forme de balle et analogue présentant une densité pouvant être régulée à volonté, d'une bonne uniformité de tailles et de densités, à partir de fibres coupées ayant été frisées mécaniquement, et à partir de fibres coupées en polyesters frisées en spirale, selon un procédé et à l'aide d'un appareil amélioré, à un débit élevé.

Claims (30)

1. Grappes de fibres coupées, arrondies, (23) et de fort diamètre de dimension moyenne comprise entre environ 1 et environ 15 mm et de densité moyenne inférieure à environ 16 kg/m3 (1 livre/pied cubique) constituées essentiellement de fibres coupées synthétiques frisées mécaniquement et entremélées au hasard, d'une longueur de coupe d'environ 10 à environ 60 mm, pourvu que ces fibres coupées ne soient pas des fibres renfermant à la fois une frisure en spirale et une frisure mécanique dans la même fibre.
2. Grappes selon la revendication 1, dans lesquelles la fibre coupée est une fibre coupée de polyester lubrifié.
3. Grappes selon la revendication 1, dans lesquelles le denier par filament de la fibre coupée est d'environ 4 à 15.
4. Grappes selon la revendication 1, dans lesquelles la fibre coupée est creuse.
5. Grappes selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, constituées essentiellement d'un mélange de fibres synthétiques mélangées à une fibre de liaison à point de fusion plus bas.
6. Grappes selon la revendication 5, dans lesquelles la fibre de liaison est un bicomposant four- reau/noyau, le, fourreau étant en matériau de liaison à point de fusion plus bas et le noyau étant en polyester ou en matériau analogue fibrogène de point de fusion élevé.
7. Procédé de fabrication de grappes arrondies (23) de fibres, consistant à introduire une couche uniforme de fibres coupées à la surface périphérique d'un cylindre principal tournant (10) recouvert d'une garniture de carde, de sorte que cette garniture fasse avancer la fibre autour de la surface périphérique et soit mise au contact d'une pluralité de surfaces de frottement 14, lesdites fibres étant ainsi formées en grappes (23) qui sont enroulées en configuration arrondie sur la surface périphérique, caractérisé en ce que l'on a installé au moins un tamis d'évacuation (17) courbe, espacé radialement de ladite garniture, ledit tamis d'évacuation étant pourvu d'orifices de dimensions suffisantes pour que les grappes passent à travers lesdits orifices et soient évacuées en émergeant à travers lesdits orifices.
8. Procédé selon la revendication 7, dans lequel ledit écran d'évacuation (17) est pourvu de côtes transversales (31) comportant des bases qui sont espacées radialement de ladite garniture et lesdits orifices sont des espaces transversaux entre lesdites côtes.
9. Un procédé de préparation de grappes arrondies (23) de fibres consistant à introduire une couche uniforme de fibres coupées sur la surface périphérique d'un cylindre principal tournant (10) recouvert de garniture de cardes, à installer une pluralité de surfaces de frottement sensiblement courbes qui sont espacées radialement de ladite garniture, procédé dans lequel l'espacement radial et les caractéristiques de frottement desdites surfaces de frottement et de ladite garniture et le taux de chargement desdites fibres coupées sont contrôlés de telle sorte que ladite garniture se charge de couches compressibles de fibres, de sorte que des grappes arrondies de fort diamètre (23) de fibres se forment dans l'espace périphérique entre ladite garniture et lesdites surfaces de frottement, et à évacuer ces grappes.
10. Un procédé selon la revendication 9, dans lequel un écran d'évacuation est pourvu d'orifices de dimension suffisante pour que les grappes (23) passent à travers lesdits orifices et soient ainsi évacuées.
11. Un procédé selon la revendication 10, dans lequel ledit tamis d'évacuation est pourvu de côtes transversales (31) comportant des bases qui sont espacées radialement de ladite garniture et que lesdits orifices sont des espaces transversaux entre lesdites côtes.
12. Un procédé selon la revendication 8 ou 11, dans lequel lesdites côtes présentent une section transversale triangulaire comportant des bases qui sont espacées radialement de ladite garniture.
13. Un procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 7 à 11, dans lequel on fait avancer la fibre autour de la surface périphérique à travers une succession de zones entre la garniture du cylindre et une pluralité (14) de plaques courbes espacées radialement de la garniture de carde.
14. Un procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 7 à 11, dans lequel on fait avancer la fibre autour de la surface périphérique à travers une succession de zones entre la garniture du cylindre et une pluralité (14) de tamis courbes à côtes transversales comportant des espaces entre les côtes transversales.
15. Un procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 7 à 11, dans lequel au moins quelques unes des surfaces de frottement comprennent une garniture de carde dont l'orientation des dents n'est pas opposée au sens de rotation du cylindre principal.
16. Un procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 7 à 11, dans lequel l'évacuation et le transport des grappes émergentes (23) est facilité par aspiration et/ou soufflage.
17. Un procédé selon la revendication 16, dans lequel les grappes arrondies sont soufflées en boulettes et formées en oreillers ou en d'autres articles garnis.
18. Un procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 7 à 11, dans lequel la fibre coupée est introduite sur le cylindre principal (10) sous la forme d'une nappe à pliure croisée.
19. Un procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 7 à 11, dans lequel la fibre coupée introduite sur le cylindre principal (10) a été au préalable mise en balle, mais n'est introduite dans le cylindre principal qu'après avoir été ouverte.
20. Un procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 7 à 11, dans lequel la fibre coupée introduite dans le cylindre principal a été frisée mécaniquement.
21. Un procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 7 à 11, dans lequel la fibre coupée introduite sur le cylindre principal est de section transversale creuse.
22. Un procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 7 à 11, dans lequel la fibre coupée introduite sur le cylindre principal a été lubrifiée.
23. Un procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 7 à 11, dans lequel la fibre coupée introduite sur le cylindre principal est un mélange de fibres de remplissage en polyester ou d'autres fibres à point de fusion élevé mélangées avec une fibre de liaison à bas point de fusion.
24. Dans une machine cardeuse de fibres coupées comprenant un cylindre tournant principal (10) dont la surface périphérique est recouverte de garniture de carde et adaptée pour tourner à proximité très étroite d'une pluralité (14) de surfaces de frottement coopérantes, des moyens pour introduire des fibres coupées en couche uniforme sur lesdits cylindres principaux (10) et des moyens d'évacuation (17), l'amélioration étant caractérisée en ce que lesdites surfaces de frottement opèrent avec la garniture de carde à la surface périphérique du cylindre principal de façon à ce que des grappes de fibres se forment par la coopération entre la garniture de carde et ladite surface de frottement, et les moyens d'évacuation (17) comprennent un tamis d'évacuation pourvu d'orifices de dimensions suffisantes pour laisser émerger les grappes de fibres.
25. Une machine selon la revendication 24 dans laquelle lesdites surfaces de frottement coopérantes sont des plaques courbes (14, 15, 16, 17, 18), espacées radialement de la garniture de carde.
26. Une machine selon la revendication 24 dans laquelle au moins quelques unes desdites surfaces de frottement coopérantes comprennent une garniture de carde dont l'orientation des dents n'est pas opposée au sens de rotation du cylindre principal (10).
27. Une machine selon la revendication 25 dans laquelle au moins quelques unes des surfaces de frottement coopérantes comprennent une garniture de carde dont l'orientation des dents n'est pas opposée au sens de rotation du cylindre principal (10).
28. Une machine selon la revendication 24 dans laquelle lesdites surfaces de frottement coopérantes sont des tamis courbes (31) à côtes transversales comportant des espaces entre les côtes transversales, qui sont espacés radialement des garnitures de carde.
29. Une machine selon l'une quelconque des revendications 24 à 27 dans laquelle ledit écran d'évacuation (17) est pourvu de côtes transversales (31) comportant des bases qui sont espacées radialement de ladite garniture et lesdites garnitures sont des espaces transversaux entre lesdites côtes transversales (31
30. Une machine selon la revendication 29 dans laquelle lesdites côtes présentent une section transversale et triangulaire comportant des bases qui sont espacées radialement de ladite garniture.
EP91907407A 1990-04-12 1991-04-09 Fabrication de grappes de fibres arondies Expired - Lifetime EP0524221B2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US50887890A 1990-04-12 1990-04-12
US508878 1990-04-12
PCT/US1991/002268 WO1991016484A1 (fr) 1990-04-12 1991-04-09 Fabrication de grappes de fibres arondies

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0524221A1 EP0524221A1 (fr) 1993-01-27
EP0524221B1 true EP0524221B1 (fr) 1994-12-14
EP0524221B2 EP0524221B2 (fr) 1998-10-28

Family

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91907407A Expired - Lifetime EP0524221B2 (fr) 1990-04-12 1991-04-09 Fabrication de grappes de fibres arondies

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EP (1) EP0524221B2 (fr)
JP (1) JPH05505958A (fr)
CN (1) CN1027386C (fr)
AU (1) AU7680291A (fr)
CA (1) CA2079225A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE69105966T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2067226T5 (fr)
IE (1) IE911213A1 (fr)
PT (1) PT97344A (fr)
WO (1) WO1991016484A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2467311A (en) * 2009-01-28 2010-08-04 John Cotton Group Ltd Artificial snow material for decorative use
CN108291342B (zh) * 2015-09-29 2020-11-06 普莱玛有限公司 可吹絮状隔热材料及其制备方法
CN109371507B (zh) * 2018-10-29 2023-08-25 张家港锦亿化纤有限公司 短涤纶丝制备装置

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2923980A (en) * 1960-02-09 Apparatus for making nubs
US4129675A (en) * 1977-12-14 1978-12-12 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Product comprising blend of hollow polyester fiber and crimped polyester binder fiber
US4794038A (en) * 1985-05-15 1988-12-27 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Polyester fiberfill
US4618531A (en) * 1985-05-15 1986-10-21 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Polyester fiberfill and process
JPS57205564A (en) * 1981-06-08 1982-12-16 Kuraray Co Padding matirial and method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69105966D1 (de) 1995-01-26
JPH05505958A (ja) 1993-09-02
CN1058818A (zh) 1992-02-19
PT97344A (pt) 1993-07-30
DE69105966T3 (de) 1999-06-17
AU7680291A (en) 1991-11-11
CN1027386C (zh) 1995-01-11
EP0524221A1 (fr) 1993-01-27
EP0524221B2 (fr) 1998-10-28
ES2067226T3 (es) 1995-03-16
IE911213A1 (en) 1991-10-23
CA2079225A1 (fr) 1991-10-13
DE69105966T2 (de) 1995-05-24
ES2067226T5 (es) 1999-03-01
WO1991016484A1 (fr) 1991-10-31

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