EP0524221B1 - Herstellung von sphärischen faseraggregat - Google Patents

Herstellung von sphärischen faseraggregat Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0524221B1
EP0524221B1 EP91907407A EP91907407A EP0524221B1 EP 0524221 B1 EP0524221 B1 EP 0524221B1 EP 91907407 A EP91907407 A EP 91907407A EP 91907407 A EP91907407 A EP 91907407A EP 0524221 B1 EP0524221 B1 EP 0524221B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
fiber
clusters
clothing
main cylinder
staple fiber
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EP91907407A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0524221B2 (de
EP0524221A1 (de
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Adrian Charles Snyder
George Larry Vaughn
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EIDP Inc
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EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/02—Cotton wool; Wadding
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4326—Condensation or reaction polymers
    • D04H1/435—Polyesters

Definitions

  • This invention relates to improvements in making rounded clusters from staple fiber, and more particularly to a process and apparatus for making such clusters, and the resulting rounded (e.g. ball-like) clusters, especially from resilient crimped fiber of denier 4 to 15 (about 4 to 17 dtex) such as is useful for filling purposes.
  • Staple fiber has long been used as filling material, for support and/or insulating purposes.
  • Polyester fiberfill has been a particularly desirable fiber for such purposes, because of its bulk, resilience, resistance to attack by mildew and other desirable features.
  • Marcus has disclosed a useful batch process and apparatus that takes advantage of the spirally-crimped nature of his feed material for making such fiberballs, which are being produced commercially and have proved useful and interesting ball-like fiber structures, because of their lofty nature, because they are easily transported by air-conveying during processing, and because of the interesting and advantageous properties of the products, which may be processed into several interesting variants.
  • fiber clusters we generally refer to these structures herein as fiber clusters.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a process and apparatus that can be operated to provide such ball-like clusters of fibers continuously at high throughputs. Another object is to provide a process and apparatus that does not necessarily require a special feed fiber, but can be operated satisfactorily also with regular polyester staple fiber, or indeed other fibrous materials, to form fiber clusters of such densities and uniformity as may be required. A further object is to provide a process and apparatus that may be used to form clusters from fibers of coarser denier, even above 10.
  • a process for preparing rounded clusters of fibers comprising feeding a uniform layer of staple fiber onto the peripheral surface of a rotating main cylinder covered with card clothing, whereby the fiber is advanced around the peripheral surface by said clothing and is brought into contact with a plurality of frictional surfaces, whereby said fiber is formed into clusters that are rolled into rounded configurations on the peripheral surface, characterized in that there is provided at least one arcuate doffing screen, radially-spaced from said clothing, said doffing screen being provided with openings of sufficient size for the clusters to pass through said openings, and to be doffed by emerging through said openings.
  • transverse means transverse to the machine direction, i.e. the direction of rotation of the main cylinder, so the "transverse" ribs of such doffing screen are parallel to the axis of the main cylinder.
  • a cluster-forming machine that is an improvement in a staple fiber carding machine comprising a rotatable main cylinder having its peripheral surface covered with card clothing and adapted to rotate in close proximity with a plurality of cooperating frictional surfaces, means to feed staple fiber in a uniform layer onto said main cylinder, and doffing means, the improvement characterized in that said frictional surfaces cooperate with the card clothing on the peripheral surface of the main cylinder in such a way that fiber clusters are formed by the cooperation between the card clothing and said frictional surfaces, and the doffing means comprises a doffing screen provided with openings of sufficient size for the fiber clusters to emerge.
  • cooperating frictional surfaces include stationary elements with frictional surfaces, such as plates and segments that may be smooth or covered with card clothing, and screens, and also movable elements, including worker and stripper rolls, such as are used on roller-top cards, and belt-driven flat elements, such as are used on revolving flat cards.
  • An important advantage according to the invention is that doffing and transportation of the emerging clusters may be assisted by suction and/or blowing.
  • the rounded clusters may be blown directly into tickings and formed into pillows or other filled articles.
  • the clusters may be packed and later processed as desired.
  • an improved process for preparing rounded clusters of fibers comprising feeding a uniform layer of staple fiber onto the peripheral surface of a rotating main cylinder covered with card clothing, providing a plurality of essentially arcuate frictional surfaces that are spaced radially from said clothing, wherein the radial spacing and frictional characteristics of said frictional surfaces and of said clothing and the rate of feed of said staple fiber are controlled so that said clothing becomes loaded with a compressible layer of fibers, whereby lofty rounded clusters of fibers are formed in the peripheral space between said clothing and said frictional surfaces, and doffing said clusters.
  • the fact that the card clothing is loaded with fiber is another significant difference from operating a conventional carding machine of this type. It is very surprising that rounded clusters are formed in the peripheral space when these (arcuate) frictional surfaces are so spaced and the process is so operated, as described herein.
  • the staple fiber that is fed to the main cylinder may be in various forms, e.g. a cross-lapped batt, or may be bale stock that has previously been baled, but is fed to the main cylinder after having been opened.
  • the staple fiber fed to the main cylinder may have been slickened.
  • staple fiber of hollow cross-section is preferred.
  • the staple fiber fed to the main cylinder may be a blend of polyester fiberfill or other high melting fiber blended with lower melting binder fiber.
  • the denier of the feed fiber may be as high as 15 dpf (about 17 dtex), and will generally be at least 4 dpf (about 4 dtex) for use as filling material, especially for support purposes, but will be selected according to the desired end use.
  • useful blends for apparel insulation have been made from fiber of denier as low as 1-2 dpf (about 1-2 dtex).
  • a mass of lofty rounded staple fiber clusters of average dimension about 1 to about 15 mm, and of average density less than about 1 pound per cubic foot (about 16 Kg/cu m), consisting essentially of randomly-entwined, mechanically-crimped synthetic staple fiber of cut length about 10 to about 60 mm, provided the staple fibers are not fibers having both spiral and mechanical crimp in the same fiber.
  • Marcus fiber clusters prepared from spirally-crimped feed fiber; they are quite distinct from the hard neps or nubs that have been used in novelty yarns, and that are small knotted or tangled clumps of synthetic fibers or indeed of natural fibers, such as cotton.
  • preferred forms of our mechanically-crimped synthetic fiber may be slickened polyester staple fiber, and/or a blend with a lower melting binder fiber, that may, if desired, be a sheath/core bicomponent with a sheath of lower melting binder material, and a core of polyester or like high melting fiber-forming material.
  • such low dpf fiber When a filling is used for support purposes, such low dpf fiber is generally not as desirable as higher deniers of 4 (about 4 dtex) and above (even up to 15 denier, about 17 dtex) that are generally preferred, because of their resilience. This property, however, increases the difficulty of making clusters that will not later unravel. It should be understood that our process and machine may also be operated with low denier feed fiber that is easier to form into clusters. In other words, although higher denier synthetic fibers are generally preferred as filling material, lower denier synthetic and natural fibers may also be formed into fiber clusters by our process and machine.
  • FIG. 1 which does not show the card clothing
  • a main cylinder 10 of
  • main cylinder 10 The periphery of main cylinder 10 is surrounded by a series of stationary cooperating frictional surface elements, indicated generally by 14, and more specifically (serially from licker-in 11) as 15, 16, 17, 18 and 19, all of which have arcuate frictional surfaces that are spaced-radially from the (teeth of the card clothing on) main cylinder 10 to allow processing (into clusters) fiber fed from licker-in 11 within the peripheral space around main cylinder 10, and defined on the outside periphery of such space by the arcuate frictional surfaces of these stationary elements 14.
  • the radial spacing may be adjusted, and this can be an important means for controlling the process and the products produced.
  • opened fiber is uniformly fed between feed plate 13 and feed roll 12, which latter is provided with teeth (or other means) to advance the fiber towards licker-in 11, more or less as shown in Figure 84, on page 39 of Klein's Manual.
  • the clothing on licker-in 11 forwards the new fiber (fed from feed roll 12 and feed plate 13) past underlying basket 11A to the clothing on main cylinder 10. Both sets of clothing are travelling in the same direction, but that on main cylinder 10 is moving at a much higher speed.
  • the new fiber is picked up by the teeth on main cylinder 10 and enters the space between the arcuate frictional surfaces of stationary elements 14 and main cylinder 10 (covered with card clothing).
  • this fiber is not loaded uniformly in density or spatially (when the processor is run with a correct feed rate of fiber and main cylinder speed); in other words, there are relatively high locations loaded with more fiber and contrastingly lower locations loaded with less fiber across the width of the main cylinder and in the direction of rotation.
  • This loading of fiber on the main cylinder is an important difference from a carding operation (using this type of machine, before modification). During such carding, it is desirable to doff all the fiber so that only a very thin layer of fiber is fed and so that all is doffed. In other words, during such carding, it is important to avoid loading the cylinder.
  • Such loading is represented in a sketch in Figure 2, showing how a typical section might look if cut through the card clothing and fiber on a loaded main cylinder (not shown in Figure 2) in a simplified and idealized view.
  • the upper portion 21 shows fiber while the lower portion 22 indicates the location of the card clothing (some of which would be gripping fiber).
  • Figure 3 is a sketched representation of how fibers 24 are gripped by carding teeth 25 of a type that we have used.
  • clusters 23 As some of the fiber shown in the upper portion 21 of Figure 2 is released in clusters 23, and is no longer gripped by the card clothing, such clusters pass through the space between the card clothing (loaded with fiber) and stationary frictional surface elements 14, and are believed to follow tortuous paths, and so to be rolled and become rounded clusters.
  • the clusters progress around main cylinder 10, they reach the space between the surface of main cylinder 10 and a doffing screen, which is one of the stationary elements 14, specifically element 17, which is a ribbed screen.
  • Fig. 5 shows clusters 23 emerging between ribs 31, after being released from the loaded fiber 21 in the peripheral space between the ribs 31 and main cylinder 10.
  • any loose fiber or incompletely-formed cluster is less likely to emerge from the processor through the transverse spaces, and such fiber masses as do not emerge may roll back down the sides of the ribs to reenter the arcuate space around main cylinder 10.
  • the fiber clusters may be collected, e.g. under low suction, and delivered, e.g. for packing and shipping, or for further processing, by an air conveying system.
  • An important advantage of fiberfill in the form of round clusters which do not readily entangle, is the ability to transport them easily by blowing.
  • a doffing screen may advantageously be used to doff clusters made on other types of machines, different from the preferred type according to our invention.
  • the next element 18 may also be a screen that acts as a further doffing screen, and performs a similar function.
  • the last element 19 may also be a screen, referred to as a back bottom screen; this element is preferably, however, a plate to provide a frictional surface without doffing.
  • Element 19 may be connected to licker-in basket 11A, as shown in Fig. 1, to avoid loss of fiber from the machine at this point.
  • the fiber feed rate should be tuned to the spacings between the frictional surfaces and the main cylinder, and to the speed of the main cylinder. If the clearances are too tight, then this can overload the main cylinder, or make very tight, dense non-round clusters. As the clearance is increased, then the balls may become more hairy, i.e. have more free ends. Higher feed rates can be accommodated with appropriate clearances and speed to give good clusters.
  • the clearances (spacings) between the main cylinder and the frictional surface elements should not be too tight, or this will cause very dense loading of clothing and lead to cluster forms that may be unacceptable.
  • the spacings need to be adjusted to achieve a stable loading (topography) and can be used to help change the average ball diameter. These spacings may be adjusted by conventional means, such as slots in the rims of the elements 14, with bolts on the main cylinder and nuts to tighten and fix the elements at the desired spacing, as shown in Fig. 4.
  • the various elements 14 surrounding the circumference of the main cylinder may themselves be surrounded by removable sections of covering plates to retain any loose fiber that would otherwise escape, but these are not shown in the interests of clarity and simplicity.
  • a tow of asymmetrically jet-quenched, drawn, slickened, poly(ethylene terephthalate) filaments of 4.5 den (5 dtex) was prepared conventionally, without mechanically crimping, using a draw ratio of about 2.8X, applying a polysiloxane slickener in amount about 0.3% Si OWF, and relaxing at a temperature of about 175 ° C in rope form.
  • the rope was then cut into 32 mm (about 1.25 inches) staple, and relaxed again at about 175°C.
  • the crimp developed by this process is 3-dimensional in nature and is a non-chemical approach to achieving a spiral-type of crimp.
  • the staple was formed into a bale, compressed to a density of approximately 12 Ib/cu. ft (about 192 Kg/cu m).
  • the staple was opened using a Masterclean R opener (available from John D. Hollingsworth On Wheels, Greenville, SC) and then manually charged to the hopper section of a CMC Evenfeed (available from Rando Machine Company, Ard, NY), which presented a uniform amount of opened feed fiber across the width of the processor.
  • a Masterclean R opener available from John D. Hollingsworth On Wheels, Greenville, SC
  • CMC Evenfeed available from Rando Machine Company, LORD, NY
  • the processor was as shown in Figure 1, being a 40 inch (1 meter) wide card (available from John D. Hollingsworth on Wheels, Greenville, SC) modified so as to have the following essential elements:
  • ribbed screens are not the only stationary elements with frictional surfaces which can be used to achieve a good cluster product.
  • the frictional elements 14 that we have used have been stationary, appropriate to the design of the type of card we have modified, some cards with movable frictional elements may also be modified for use according to our invention, for instance with rollers or belt-driven flat elements.
  • Control of product removal is accomplished by using one or more ribbed doffing screens (with adequately wide rib-to-rib spacing) according to our invention. These have been located at the upper and lower front screen locations on main cylinder 10, corresponding to where a card is generally doffed. This doffing location is conventional but is not essential, and an advantage may be obtained with other doffing locations, depending on the design and layout of the operation. Wider doffing spacings have been more useful when doffing with a lower screen, such as 18, as centrifugal force is assisted by gravity underneath main cylinder 10. On the upper front (doffing) screen 17, spacings wider than about half an inch (about 13 mm) have resulted in problems in getting the clusters propelled away from the proximity of the main cylinder.
  • free fiber may emerge with the desired clusters if there in a "window" of width as much as three inches (8 cm). This may not be desirable, in general, when the object is to make clusters efficiently.
  • bonded products as indicated by Marcus, it may be desired to provide a mixture of rounded fiberballs and loose binder fiber, in which case free fiber may provide an advantage.
  • a screen and rib design similar to a venetian blind concept, using adjustable openings, and designs providing a Coanda effect may be used to assist centrifugal force in removing the clusters from the main cylinder.
  • Example 1 the speed of main cylinder 10 was set and controlled at 250 rpm, and the speed of licker-in 11 was adjusted to provide a normalized fiber feed rate of about 80-90 pph/meter (of the order of 40 Kg/hr/m) card width.
  • the speed of licker-in 11 was ratioed to the main cylinder, and was measured at 180 rpm. Spacing of the peripheral frictional elements 14 from the main cylinder (clothing) was set at 0.080 inch (about 2 mm). Using these settings, satisfactory clusters were produced having free fall bulk densities that were satisfactorily uniform, and measured between 0.55 and 0.70 Ibs/cuft (about 9 to about 11 Kg/cu m).
  • Example 1 the cohesion and bulk of the clusters were measured and compared with commercial clusters (ART). These measurements (given in Table 2B) indicate that their cohesion and bulk under load varied significantly, depending on the fiber used, and its crimp and configuration, and their cohesion values were not as good as for the spiral crimp fibers of Example 1. Some aspects of the cluster products from these different fibers could possibly be improved by varying the processing conditions.
  • the feed fiber for this Example was spun from poly(ethylene terephthalate), of 5.5 dpf (about 6 dtex), mechanically crimped (about 7 cpi, about 3/cm), similarly polysiloxane-slickened (about 0.3 % Si OWF), 7- hole fiber (total void content about 12%), cut to 1.25 inch (about 3cm) staple.
  • This fiber was opened on a Masterclean R opener, as in Examples 1 and 2, prior to feeding to a fiberball making apparatus.
  • the configuration of the frictional surfaces 14 was somewhat different from that used in Example 1 (and as shown in Figure 1) but the apparatus was otherwise as described hereinbefore.
  • the frictional surfaces 14 were, in order starting from licker-in 11 as follows, with spacings measured from the card clothing on the main cylinder, it being understood that the plates were all smooth or with their card clothing reversed from the normal carding direction, so as not to be opposed to the aggressive clothing on main cylinder 10.
  • Main cylinder 10 was driven at 270 rpm, and licker-in 11 at about 195 rpm, with a feed rate of fiber to provide about 80-90 pph of clusters. These clusters were well rounded, were easily transported by air, and remained discrete even after repeatedly being compressed by hand, although they had significantly more free ends than the clusters from Example 1.
  • the product was blown into commercial pillow ticks of regular size, using 22 oz (625 g) filling weights equivalent to commercial pillows (filled with clusters), so that they could be rated visually, both when newly-filled and after three standardized stomp and laundry cycles, and were found only slightly less lofty and refluffable than such commercial cluster filling.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Pens And Brushes (AREA)

Claims (30)

1. Voluminöse gerundete Stapelfaser-Büschel (23) mit einer durchschnittlichen Dimension von etwa 1 bis etwa 15 mm und einer durchschnittlichen Dichte von weniger als etwa 1 Pfund pro Kubikfuß (16 kg/m3), bestehend im wesentlichen aus einer statistisch verschlungenen mechanisch gekräuselten synthetischen Stapelfaser einer Schnittlänge von etwa 10 bis etwa 60 mm, mit der Maßgabe, daß die Stapelfasern Fasern mit weder einer Spiralkräuselung noch einer mechanischen Kräuselung in derselben Faser sind.
2. Büschel nach Anspruch 1, worin die Stapelfaser eine geglättete Polyester-Stapelfaser ist.
3. Büschel nach Anspruch 1, worin das Denier pro Filament Stapelfaser etwa 4 bis 15 beträgt.
4. Büschel nach Anspruch 1, worin die Stapelfaser hohl ist.
5. Büschel nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, bestehend im wesentlichen aus einer Mischung von synthetischer Faser gemischt mit einer niedriger schmelzenden Bindefaser.
6. Büschel nach Anspruch 5, worin die Bindefaser eine Hüll/Kern-Doppelkomponente ist mit einer Hülle aus einem niedriger schmelzenden Bindematerial und einem Kern aus Polyester oder einem gleichartigen hochschmelzenden faserbildenden Material.
7. Verfahren zur Herstellung gerundeter Büschel (23) von Fasern, umfassend Leiten einer gleichmäßigen Stapelfaserschicht auf die periphere Oberfläche eines rotierenden Hauptzylinders (10), der mit einem Krempelbeschlag bedeckt ist, wodurch die Faser durch den genannten Beschlag um die periphere Oberfläche herumgeführt und mit einer Vielzahl von Reibungsoberflächen (14) in Kontakt gebracht wird, wodurch die genannte Faser zu Büscheln (23) geformt wird, die auf der peripheren Oberfläche zu gerundeten Anordnungen aufgerollt werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass wenigstens ein gebogenes Abnahmegitter (17) vorhanden ist, das ausgehend von dem genannten Beschlag radial beabstandet angeordnet ist, wobei das genannte Abnahmegitter mit Öffnungen von ausreichender Größe bereitgestellt wird, so daß die Büschel durch die genannten Öffnungen hindurchgehen und abgenommen werden, wenn sie durch die genannten Öffnungen austreten.
8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 7, bei dem das genannte Abnahmegitter (17) mit Querrippen (31) mit Fußenden ausgestattet ist, die radial beabstandet von dem genannten Beschlag ausgehen, so daß die genannten Öffnungen Querräume zwischen den genannten Rippen darstellen.
9. Verfahren zur Herstellung gerundeter Büschel (23) von Fasern, umfassend Leiten einer gleichmäßigen Stapelfaserschicht auf die periphere Oberfläche eines rotierenden Hauptzylinders (10), bedeckt mit einem Krempelbeschlag, der eine Vielzahl (14) von im wesentlichen gebogenen Reibungsoberflächen bereitstellt, die radial beabstandet von dem genannten Beschlag sind, wobei der radiale Abstand und die Reibungswerte der genannten Reibungsoberflächen und des genannten Beschlages und die Zuführgeschwindigkeit der genannten Stapelfaser so gelenkt werden, daß der genannte Beschlag mit einer komprimierbaren Schicht von Fasern beladen wird, wobei voluminöse gerundete Büschel (23) von Fasern in dem peripheren Raum zwischen dem genannten Beschlag und den genannten Reibungsoberflächen gebildet werden, und Abnehmen der genannten Büschel.
10. Verfahren nach Anspruch 9, bei dem ein Abnahmegitter mit Öffnungen von ausreichender Größe bereitgestellt wird, daß die Büschel (23) durch die genannten Öffnungen hindurchgehen und dabei abgenommen werden.
11. Verfahren nach Anspruch 10, bei dem das genannte Abnahmegitter mit Querrippen (31) mit Fußenden bereitgestellt wird, die sich radial beabstandet von dem genannten Beschlag befinden, und bei dem die genannten Öffnungen Querräume zwischen den genannten Rippen darstellen.
12. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8 oder 11, bei dem die genannten Rippen (31) einen dreieckigen Querschnitt aufweisen mit Fußenden, die sich radial beabstandet von dem genannten Beschlag befinden.
13. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 11, bei dem die Faser um die periphere Oberfläche durch eine Folge von Zonen zwischem dem Zylinderbeschlag und einer Vielzahl (14) von gebogenen Platten radial beabstandet von dem Krempelbeschlag herumgeführt wird.
14. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 11, bei dem die Faser durch eine Folge von Zonen zwischem dem Zylinderbeschlag und einer Vielzahl (14) von quergerippten gebogenen Gittern mit Abständen zwischen den Querrippen um die periphere Oberfläche herumgeführt wird.
15. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 11, bei dem wenigstens ein Teil der genannten Reibungsoberfächen einen Krempelbeschlag umfaßt, dessen Zahnorientierung der Rotationsrichtung des Hauptzylinders nicht entgegengesetzt gerichtet ist.
16. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 11, bei dem Abnehmen und Transport der austretenden Büschel (23) durch Saugen oder Blasen unterstützt wird.
17. Verfahren nach Anspruch 16, bei dem die gerundeten Büschel zu Inlets geblasen und zu Kissen oder weiteren gefüllten Artikeln geformt werden.
18. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 11, bei dem die Stapelfaser dem Hauptzylinder (10) in Form eines kreuzweise gewickelten Wickels zugeführt wird.
19. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 11, bei dem die dem Hauptzylinder (10) zugeführte Stapelfaser zuvor in Ballen verpackt worden ist, dem Hauptzylinder jedoch nach dem Öffnen zugeführt worden ist.
20. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 11, bei dem die dem Hauptzylinder (10) zugeführte Stapelfaser mechanisch gekräuselt worden ist.
21. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 11, bei dem die dem Hauptzylinder zugeführte Stapelfaser einen hohlen Querschnitt aufweist.
22. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 11, bei dem die dem Hauptzylinder zugeführte Stapelfaser geslicknet worden ist.
23. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 11, bei dem die dem Hauptzylinder zugeführte Stapelfaser eine Mischung aus einer Polyesterfaserfüllung oder einer weiteren hochschmelzenden Faser gemischt mit einer niedrigschmelzenden Bindefaser ist.
24. Stapelfaser-Kardiermaschine, umfassend einen drehbaren Hauptzylinder (10), dessen periphere Oberfläche mit einem Krempelbeschlag bedeckt und geeignet ist, um in enger Nachbarschaft mit einer Vielzahl (14) von zusammenwirkenden Reibungsoberflächen zu rotieren, Mittel, um die Stapelfaser in gleichmäßiger Schicht auf den genannten Hauptzylinder (10) zu leiten, und Abnahmemittel (17), wobei die Verbesserung dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß die genannten Reibungsoberflächen mit dem Krempelbeschlag an der peripheren Oberfläche des Hauptzylinders so zusammenwirken, daß die Faserbüschel durch Zusammenwirken von Krempelbeschlag und den genannten Reibungsoberflächen gebildet werden, und das Abnahmemittel (17) ein Abnahmegitter umfaßt, das mit Öffnungen von ausreichender Größe versehen ist, so daß die Faserbüschel austreten.
25. Maschine nach Anspruch 24, worin die genannten zusammenwirkenden Reibungsoberflächen gebogene Platten (14, 15, 16, 17, 18) sind, die radial beabstandet von dem Krempelbeschlag angeordnet sind.
26. Maschine nach Anspruch 24, worin wenigstens ein Teil der genannten zusammenwirkenden Reibungsoberflächen einen Krempelbeschlag umfaßt, dessen Zahnorientierung der Richtung der Rotation des Hauptzylinders (10) nicht entgegengesetzt gerichtet ist.
27. Maschine nach Anspruch 25, worin wenigstens ein Teil der genannten zusammenwirkenden Reibungsoberflächen einen Krempelbeschlag umfaßt, dessen Zahnorientierung der Richtung der Rotation des Hauptzylinders (10) nicht entgegengesetzt gerichtet ist.
28. Maschine nach Anspruch 24, worin die genannten zusammenwirkenden Reibungsoberflächen quergerippte gebogene Gitter (31) mit Abständen zwischen den Querrippen darstellen, die, ausgehend von dem Krempelbeschlag, radial beabstandet angeordnet sind.
29. Maschine nach einem der Ansprüche 24 bis 27, worin das genannte Abnahmegitter (17) mit Querrippen (31) mit Fußenden ausgestattet ist, die radial beabstandet von dem genannten Beschlag ausgehend angeordnet sind, und worin die genannten Öffnungen Querräume zwischen den genannten Querrippen (31) darstellen.
30. Maschine nach Anspruch 29, worin die genannten Rippen einen dreieckigen Querschnitt mit Fußenden besitzen, die radial beabstandet von dem genannten Beschlag ausgehend angeordnet sind.
EP91907407A 1990-04-12 1991-04-09 Herstellung von sphärischen faseraggregat Expired - Lifetime EP0524221B2 (de)

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US50887890A 1990-04-12 1990-04-12
US508878 1990-04-12
PCT/US1991/002268 WO1991016484A1 (en) 1990-04-12 1991-04-09 Making rounded clusters of fibers

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EP0524221A1 EP0524221A1 (de) 1993-01-27
EP0524221B1 true EP0524221B1 (de) 1994-12-14
EP0524221B2 EP0524221B2 (de) 1998-10-28

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US10633244B2 (en) * 2015-09-29 2020-04-28 Primaloft, Inc. Blowable floccule insulation and method of making same
CN109371507B (zh) * 2018-10-29 2023-08-25 张家港锦亿化纤有限公司 短涤纶丝制备装置

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US2923980A (en) * 1960-02-09 Apparatus for making nubs
US4129675A (en) * 1977-12-14 1978-12-12 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Product comprising blend of hollow polyester fiber and crimped polyester binder fiber
US4618531A (en) * 1985-05-15 1986-10-21 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Polyester fiberfill and process
US4794038A (en) * 1985-05-15 1988-12-27 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Polyester fiberfill
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CN1027386C (zh) 1995-01-11
JPH05505958A (ja) 1993-09-02
DE69105966T3 (de) 1999-06-17
EP0524221B2 (de) 1998-10-28
CN1058818A (zh) 1992-02-19
WO1991016484A1 (en) 1991-10-31
CA2079225A1 (en) 1991-10-13
ES2067226T3 (es) 1995-03-16
PT97344A (pt) 1993-07-30
ES2067226T5 (es) 1999-03-01
DE69105966T2 (de) 1995-05-24
EP0524221A1 (de) 1993-01-27
AU7680291A (en) 1991-11-11
DE69105966D1 (de) 1995-01-26
IE911213A1 (en) 1991-10-23

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