EP0517934B1 - Dental chair with tilting backrest - Google Patents

Dental chair with tilting backrest Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0517934B1
EP0517934B1 EP91109501A EP91109501A EP0517934B1 EP 0517934 B1 EP0517934 B1 EP 0517934B1 EP 91109501 A EP91109501 A EP 91109501A EP 91109501 A EP91109501 A EP 91109501A EP 0517934 B1 EP0517934 B1 EP 0517934B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
backrest
seat
curved
dental chair
curve
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91109501A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0517934A1 (en
Inventor
Ulrich Dipl.-Ing. Steininger
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to DE59105058T priority Critical patent/DE59105058D1/en
Priority to DK91109501.6T priority patent/DK0517934T3/en
Priority to EP91109501A priority patent/EP0517934B1/en
Priority to US07/890,809 priority patent/US5348375A/en
Priority to JP1992046082U priority patent/JP2600697Y2/en
Publication of EP0517934A1 publication Critical patent/EP0517934A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0517934B1 publication Critical patent/EP0517934B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G15/00—Operating chairs; Dental chairs; Accessories specially adapted therefor, e.g. work stands
    • A61G15/02—Chairs with means to adjust position of patient; Controls therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C1/00—Chairs adapted for special purposes
    • A47C1/02—Reclining or easy chairs
    • A47C1/022—Reclining or easy chairs having independently-adjustable supporting parts
    • A47C1/024—Reclining or easy chairs having independently-adjustable supporting parts the parts, being the back-rest, or the back-rest and seat unit, having adjustable and lockable inclination
    • A47C1/0242—Reclining or easy chairs having independently-adjustable supporting parts the parts, being the back-rest, or the back-rest and seat unit, having adjustable and lockable inclination by electric motors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a dental patient chair with a backrest, which can be tilted by means of a backrest support on the seat and is arranged to be adjustable towards and away from it.
  • Patient chairs of this type are known for example from DE-2 118 614 or DE-1 248 860. Although attempts have often been made to move the pivot point when tilting the backrest in the area of the hip joint of a patient in the patient chair, the previously proposed designs did not lead to the hoped-for success, among other things not because the fixed mechanical pivot points , which are provided in the known chairs, generally perform a circular movement and therefore only approximate the movement path of the upper body of a patient.
  • the invention specified in claim 1 is based on the object to achieve an improvement and to provide a dental patient chair in which the path of movement of the backrest can be adapted even better to the physiological conditions of a patient.
  • the measures according to the invention are based on the knowledge that the patient's head does not describe an exact circular path when the backrest is tilted, the movement sequence rather represents a combined movement of the movement of the vertebrae and hip joints.
  • the backrest and seat are therefore adjusted against each other according to the invention in such a way that there is no changing, but a changing pivot point (dynamic pivot point).
  • This changing pivot point hereinafter referred to as the "instantaneous pole" moves on a curve which corresponds to a distorted circular path, preferably in the form of a rising spiral.
  • This course of movement corresponds to the rolling movement of the back vertebrae, in particular the lumbar vertebrae, whereby an optimal adaptation to the natural movement of the back of a patient is achieved.
  • the curvature of the two curved paths is preferably determined by two circular paths that merge into one another and have different radii, the radius of the circular path facing away from the backrest being significantly larger than the radius of the circular path facing the backrest. This flattening results in a greater displacement of the backrest in the direction of the headrest when the backrest is raised.
  • the ratio of the radii of curvature is advantageously approximately 1: 2 for the curved path of the backrest support and approximately 1: 1.5 for the curved path of the seat.
  • FIG. 1 shows a basic illustration of a dental patient chair in a side view.
  • An upper part of the chair consisting of a seat 1, a backrest 2 and a headrest 3 is carried by an adjustment mechanism, generally designated 4, which is supported on a standing level (floor) designated 5.
  • the adjustment mechanism 4 is such that the upper part of the chair is adjusted in height in accordance with the arrows 6, the backrest is inclined in accordance with the arrows 7 and the entire upper part of the chair can be moved longitudinally in accordance with the arrows 8.
  • the adjustment mechanism 4 consists of two articulated arms 9, 10, which are articulatedly connected to one another at the articulation point 11 and whose free ends on the one hand via an articulation point 12 with a rigid attachment part 13 of the seat 1 and on the other hand at the articulation point 14 with one on the standing level 5 fixed base part 15 are articulated.
  • the two articulated arms 9 and 10 can be adjusted so that the entire upper part of the chair can be moved in height and also lengthways.
  • An inclination of the backrest in accordance with the arrows 7 is achieved by means of a further adjustment drive 19, as will be explained in more detail later.
  • the adjustment drives 16 to 19 are advantageously spindle drives whose motors M1 to M4, As shown in FIG.
  • control device 20 can be controlled by means of a control device 20.
  • the control can be carried out in a known manner either with the aid of individual keys 21 to 23, which are combined, for example, in a keypad 24 arranged on the chair back 2, or also with the aid of program selection keys P1 to P3, which can also be provided on the backrest. Since the structure of the lower part of the chair, insofar as the articulated arms 9 and 10 and their adjustment drives 16 to 18 are concerned, is insignificant for the invention, the mechanics will not be explained in more detail. In this regard, reference is made to European patent application 0 373 245.
  • the control device 20 contains a microprocessor, which receives corresponding information about the respective actual position of the relevant chair parts via position transmitters G1 to G4 and which then controls the adjusting motors M1 to M4 according to the desired position.
  • the sensors G1 to G4 can be electrical, optical or optoelectronic and can be arranged either on the drives themselves or on the chair parts connected to them.
  • the backrest 2 is connected to the seat 1 by means of a backrest support in the form of a curved sword 25 in such a way that on the one hand it is inclined forwards and backwards in the direction of the arrows, but on the other hand executes a movement towards or away from the seat when inclined.
  • a backrest support in the form of a curved sword 25 in such a way that on the one hand it is inclined forwards and backwards in the direction of the arrows, but on the other hand executes a movement towards or away from the seat when inclined.
  • FIG. 3 which shows the backrest 2 and the headrest 3 in a front view, that is to say in a top view, with the backrest cushion removed, reveals that the headrest is arranged on a headrest support 26 which is mounted so as to be longitudinally displaceable relative to the backrest 2.
  • the backrest 2 contains a cutout 27 which is open at the top and to which at least the lower part of the headrest support 26 is adapted.
  • guide rods 28 are arranged on the backrest, on which guide bushings 29 fastened to the headrest support 26 slide.
  • a gear motor 30, which is held in the backrest and which drives a toothed belt 31 fastened to the one guide sleeve 29, is used for the longitudinal adjustment of the headrest.
  • a position transmitter 32 is driven with the toothed belt 31, with which the exact position of the headrest support 26 with respect to the backrest 2 can be detected or specified.
  • the back end of the curved sword 25 is rigidly attached to the lower end of the backrest 2, while the other end slides in a guideway, as will be explained in more detail with reference to FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 4 shows, in a diagrammatic representation, part of the seat 1 obliquely from above with the upholstery and trim parts removed.
  • a rigid seat frame 35 which is advantageously made of die-cast, contains on both sides the lateral extensions 13 already indicated in FIG. 1, which accommodate the joint 12 for the articulated arm 9.
  • the seat frame 35 also contains guideways arranged on both sides in the form of scenes 36, in which rollers 37 mounted at the lower end of the curved sword 25 run.
  • the curved sword has forked arms 38. Between the two arms 38, one end of a threaded spindle 39 is articulated, the other end, which receives the adjusting drive 19, is articulated on a flange 40 of the seat frame 35.
  • the curved sword can and move the backrest attached to it towards or away from the seat.
  • the curved sword 25 is also guided in further guide rollers 41 arranged on both sides of the seat frame.
  • the curvature of the curved sword 25, designated 42, and its guidance in the double-sided scenes 36 and in the guide rollers 40 are coordinated with one another in such a way that, for a patient in the chair, when the backrest is inclined, it does not matter whether the inclination is forward (Straightening) or tilting the backrest backwards (lowering), a harmonious movement is achieved without relative movement between the patient's back and the backrest.
  • the curvature of the curved sword 25 and the curved path of the scenes 36 are each formed by a plurality of circular paths with different radii, as will be explained on the basis of the basic illustration in FIG. 5.
  • the curvature 42 of the curved sword 25 and the curved path 43 of the scenes 36 are essentially determined by two circular paths which merge into one another with the radii R1, R2 or R3, R4, the curvature sections facing away from the backrest 2 having a larger radius than those facing the backrest Sections, ie the radius R2 is larger than R1, the same applies to the curved path, where R3 is larger than R4.
  • the ratio of the radii is approximately 1: 2 for the curved sword 25 and approximately 1: 1.5 for the curved path of the scenes 36, the curved paths having different center points M1, M2 and M3.
  • One center point (M1) lies in the area of the hip joint pivot point of a patient in the chair.
  • the flattening resulting from the larger radius R3 at the curved sword or through the radius R3 at the curved path of the scenes 36 causes a greater displacement in the direction of the headrest when the backrest is raised.
  • the narrower radius R4 begins to work in the adjoining upper angular range ⁇ 2 (up to approximately 60 ° inclination to the horizontal), ie a point N on the backrest moves the dimension H out of the circular path with the radius R N and up to N '.
  • the backrest is thus pushed more towards the headrest in this angular range.
  • the virtual pivot point around which the backrest moves when it is tilted (initially referred to as the instantaneous pole) is not constant; As shown in FIG. 6, it wanders in the exemplary embodiment on a section A of a spiral curve which runs in the same direction as the inclination movement of the backrest, which therefore opens to the left in accordance with an inclination movement of the backrest to the front.
  • the backrest movement that can be achieved in this way corresponds to the natural movement of a patient's hip joint when the patient is brought from a lying position into an upright sitting position.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen zahnärztlichen Patientenstuhl mit einer Rückenlehne, die mittels eines Rückenlehnenträgers am Sitz neigbar und zu diesem hin bzw. von diesem weg verstellbar angeordnet ist.The invention relates to a dental patient chair with a backrest, which can be tilted by means of a backrest support on the seat and is arranged to be adjustable towards and away from it.

Patientenstühle dieser Art sind beispielsweise aus DE-2 118 614 oder DE-1 248 860 bekannt. Obgleich es durch verschiedene Maßnahmen häufig schon versucht wurde, den Drehpunkt beim Neigen der Rückenlehne in den Bereich des Hüftgelenks eines im Patientenstuhl befindlichen Patienten zu legen, führten die bisher vorgeschlagenen Konstruktionen nicht zu dem erhofften Erfolg, unter anderem deshalb nicht, weil die festen mechanischen Drehpunkte, die bei den bekannten Stühlen vorgesehen sind, in der Regel eine Kreisbewegung ausführen und deshalb die Bewegungsbahn des Oberkörpers eines Patienten nur annähernd nachvollziehen.Patient chairs of this type are known for example from DE-2 118 614 or DE-1 248 860. Although attempts have often been made to move the pivot point when tilting the backrest in the area of the hip joint of a patient in the patient chair, the previously proposed designs did not lead to the hoped-for success, among other things not because the fixed mechanical pivot points , which are provided in the known chairs, generally perform a circular movement and therefore only approximate the movement path of the upper body of a patient.

Bei den bekannten Patientenstühlen kommt es deshalb nach wie vor zwangsläufig zu Verschiebungen zwischen Patientenrücken und Rückenlehne bzw. zwischen Kopf und Kopfauflage.In the known patient chairs, therefore, there are still inevitable shifts between the patient's back and the backrest or between the head and headrest.

Der im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, demgegenüber eine Verbesserung zu erzielen und einen zahnärztlichen Patientenstuhl anzugeben, bei dem die Bewegungsbahn der Rückenlehne noch besser an die physiologischen Gegebenheiten eines Patienten angepaßt werden kann.The invention specified in claim 1 is based on the object to achieve an improvement and to provide a dental patient chair in which the path of movement of the backrest can be adapted even better to the physiological conditions of a patient.

Die erfindungsgemäßen Maßnahmen fußen dabei auf der Erkenntnis, daß der Patientenkopf beim Neigen der Rückenlehne keine exakte Kreisbahn beschreibt, der Bewegungsablauf vielmehr eine kombinierte Bewegung aus Rückenwirbel- und Hüftgelenkbewegung darstellt. Rückenlehne und Sitz werden deshalb erfindungsgemäß so gegeneinander verstellt, daß sich kein starrer, sondern ein sich verändernder Drehpunkt (dynamischer Drehpunkt) ergibt. Dieser sich ändernde Drehpunkt, nachfolgend mit "Momentanpol" bezeichnet, bewegt sich auf einer Kurve, die einer verzerrten Kreisbahn, vorzugsweise in Form einer aufgehenden Spirale, entspricht. Dieser Bewegungsverlauf entspricht der Abrollbewegung der Rückenwirbel, insbesondere der Lendenwirbel, wodurch eine optimale Anpassung an die natürliche Bewegung des Rückens eines Patienten erzielt wird.The measures according to the invention are based on the knowledge that the patient's head does not describe an exact circular path when the backrest is tilted, the movement sequence rather represents a combined movement of the movement of the vertebrae and hip joints. The backrest and seat are therefore adjusted against each other according to the invention in such a way that there is no changing, but a changing pivot point (dynamic pivot point). This changing pivot point, hereinafter referred to as the "instantaneous pole", moves on a curve which corresponds to a distorted circular path, preferably in the form of a rising spiral. This course of movement corresponds to the rolling movement of the back vertebrae, in particular the lumbar vertebrae, whereby an optimal adaptation to the natural movement of the back of a patient is achieved.

Der Krümmungsverlauf der beiden Kurvenbahnen ist vorzugsweise durch zwei ineinander übergehende Kreisbahnen mit unterschiedlicher Radien bestimmt, wobei der Radius der Kreisbahn, die der Rückenlehne abgewandt ist, wesentlich größer ist als der Radius der der Rückenlehne zugewandten Kreisbahn. Durch diese Abflachung wird beim Aufrichten der Rückenlehne eine stärkere Verschiebung der Rückenlehne in Richtung Kopfauflage erzielt.The curvature of the two curved paths is preferably determined by two circular paths that merge into one another and have different radii, the radius of the circular path facing away from the backrest being significantly larger than the radius of the circular path facing the backrest. This flattening results in a greater displacement of the backrest in the direction of the headrest when the backrest is raised.

Das Verhältnis der Krümmungsradien beträgt bei der Kurvenbahn des Rückenlehnenträgers vorteilhafterweise etwa 1:2, bei der Kurvenbahn des Sitzes etwa 1:1,5.The ratio of the radii of curvature is advantageously approximately 1: 2 for the curved path of the backrest support and approximately 1: 1.5 for the curved path of the seat.

Weitere Vorteile ergeben sich aus den Patentansprüchen sowie der nachstehenden Beschreibung eines Ausführungsbeispieles. Es zeigen:

  • Figur 1 den erfindungsgemäßen Patientenstuhl in stark vereinfachter Darstellung in einer Seitenansicht,
  • Figur 2 ein Blockschaltbild zur Steuerung der Verstellantriebe des Patientenstuhles,
  • Figur 3 eine Draufsicht auf die Rückenlehne mit Kopfauflage bei abgenommenen Verkleidungsteilen,
  • Figur 4 einen Teil des Sitzes und der Rückenlehne in schaubildlicher Darstellung, ebenfalls mit abgenommenen Verkleidungsteilen,
  • Figur 5 eine schematische Darstellung zweier Verstellpositionen für die Rückenlehne,
  • Figur 6 eine Darstellung der Bewegungsbahn ds Momentanpoles,
Further advantages result from the patent claims and the following description of an exemplary embodiment. Show it:
  • FIG. 1 shows the patient chair according to the invention in a greatly simplified representation in a side view,
  • FIG. 2 shows a block diagram for controlling the adjustment drives of the patient chair,
  • FIG. 3 shows a top view of the backrest with a headrest with the trim parts removed,
  • FIG. 4 shows a part of the seat and the backrest in a diagrammatic representation, likewise with the trim parts removed,
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic illustration of two adjustment positions for the backrest,
  • FIG. 6 shows the movement path of the instantaneous pole,

Die Figur 1 zeigt in einer Prinzipdarstellung einen zahnärztlichen Patientenstuhl in Seitenansicht. Ein aus einem Sitz 1, einer Rückenlehne 2 und einer Kopfauflage 3 bestehendes Stuhloberteil wird von einer allgemein mit 4 bezeichneten Verstellmechanik getragen, die sich an einer mit 5 bezeichneten Standebene (Fußboden) abstützt. Die Verstellmechanik 4 ist so beschaffen, daß das Stuhloberteil entsprechend den Pfeilen 6 in der Höhe verstellt, die Rückenlehne entsprechend den Pfeilen 7 geneigt und das gesamte Stuhloberteil entsprechend den Pfeilen 8 längsverschoben werden kann. Die Verstellmechanik 4 besteht hierzu aus Zwei Gelenkarmen 9, 10, die an der Gelenkstelle 11 gelenkig miteinander verbunden sind und deren freie Enden einerseits über eine Gelenkstelle 12 mit einem starren Ansatzteil 13 des Sitzes 1 und andererseits an der Gelenkstelle 14 mit einem auf der Standebene 5 feststehenden Basisteil 15 gelenkig verbunden sind. Mit Hilfe von drei Verstellantrieben 16, 17 und 18 können die beiden Gelenkarme 9 und 10 so verstellt werden, daß das gesamte Stuhloberteil in der Höhe und auch längsverstellbar bewegt werden kann. Eine Neigung der Rückenlehne entsprechend den Pfeilen 7 wird, wie später noch näher erläutert, mittels eines weiteren Verstellantriebes 19 erzielt. Die Verstellantriebe 16 bis 19 sind vorteilhafterweise Spindelantriebe, deren Motoren M1 bis M4, wie in Figur 2 vereinfacht anhand eines Blockschaltbildes dargelegt, mittels einer Steuereinrichtung 20 angesteuert werden. Die Ansteuerung kann in bekannter Weise entweder mit Hilfe von Einzeltasten 21 bis 23, welche beispielsweise in einem an der Stuhlrückenlehne 2 angeordneten Tastenfeld 24 zusammengefaßt sind, erfolgen, oder auch mit Hilfe von Programmwahltasten P1 bis P3, die ebenfalls an der Rückenlehne vorgesehen sein können. Nachdem der Aufbau des Stuhlunterteils, soweit es die Gelenkarme 9 und 10 sowie deren Verstellantriebe 16 bis 18 anbelangt, für die Erfindung unwesentlich ist, wird davon abgesehen, diese Mechanik näher zu erläutern. Es wird diesbezüglich auf die europäische Patentanmeldung 0 373 245 verwiesen. Zum Verständnis sei lediglich angemerkt, daß, um eine harmonische Bewegung des Sitzes in Richtung der Pfeile 6 und 8 zu bekommen, eine exakte Steuerung der Verstellmotoren M1 bis M3 notwendig ist. Hierzu enthält die Steuereinrichtung 20 einen Mikroprozessor, der über Stellungsgeber G1 bis G4 entsprechende Information über die jeweilige Istposition der betreffenden Stuhlteile erhält und der danach die Verstellmotoren M1 bis M4 entsprechend der gewünschten Stellung ansteuert. Die Geber G1 bis G4 können elektrischer, optischer oder optoelektronischer Art sein und entweder an den Antrieben selbst oder an den mit diesen verbundenen Stuhlteilen angeordnet sein.FIG. 1 shows a basic illustration of a dental patient chair in a side view. An upper part of the chair consisting of a seat 1, a backrest 2 and a headrest 3 is carried by an adjustment mechanism, generally designated 4, which is supported on a standing level (floor) designated 5. The adjustment mechanism 4 is such that the upper part of the chair is adjusted in height in accordance with the arrows 6, the backrest is inclined in accordance with the arrows 7 and the entire upper part of the chair can be moved longitudinally in accordance with the arrows 8. For this purpose, the adjustment mechanism 4 consists of two articulated arms 9, 10, which are articulatedly connected to one another at the articulation point 11 and whose free ends on the one hand via an articulation point 12 with a rigid attachment part 13 of the seat 1 and on the other hand at the articulation point 14 with one on the standing level 5 fixed base part 15 are articulated. With the help of three adjustment drives 16, 17 and 18, the two articulated arms 9 and 10 can be adjusted so that the entire upper part of the chair can be moved in height and also lengthways. An inclination of the backrest in accordance with the arrows 7 is achieved by means of a further adjustment drive 19, as will be explained in more detail later. The adjustment drives 16 to 19 are advantageously spindle drives whose motors M1 to M4, As shown in FIG. 2 in simplified form using a block diagram, can be controlled by means of a control device 20. The control can be carried out in a known manner either with the aid of individual keys 21 to 23, which are combined, for example, in a keypad 24 arranged on the chair back 2, or also with the aid of program selection keys P1 to P3, which can also be provided on the backrest. Since the structure of the lower part of the chair, insofar as the articulated arms 9 and 10 and their adjustment drives 16 to 18 are concerned, is insignificant for the invention, the mechanics will not be explained in more detail. In this regard, reference is made to European patent application 0 373 245. For the sake of understanding, it should only be noted that in order to achieve a harmonious movement of the seat in the direction of arrows 6 and 8, exact control of the adjustment motors M1 to M3 is necessary. For this purpose, the control device 20 contains a microprocessor, which receives corresponding information about the respective actual position of the relevant chair parts via position transmitters G1 to G4 and which then controls the adjusting motors M1 to M4 according to the desired position. The sensors G1 to G4 can be electrical, optical or optoelectronic and can be arranged either on the drives themselves or on the chair parts connected to them.

Die Rückenlehne 2 ist mittels eines Rückenlehnenträgers in Form eines Krummschwertes 25 mit dem Sitz 1 so verbunden, daß sie einerseits in Richtung der Pfeile nach vorne und hinten geneigt, andererseits aber beim Neigen eine Bewegung zum Sitz hin bzw. von diesem weg ausführt. Bevor Einzelheiten der hierzu notwendigen Verstellmechanik aufgezeigt werden, sei der Aufbau der Rückenlehne näher erläutert.The backrest 2 is connected to the seat 1 by means of a backrest support in the form of a curved sword 25 in such a way that on the one hand it is inclined forwards and backwards in the direction of the arrows, but on the other hand executes a movement towards or away from the seat when inclined. Before details of the necessary adjustment mechanism are shown, the structure of the backrest is explained in more detail.

Die Figur 3, die die Rückenlehne 2 und die Kopfauflage 3 in einer Frontansicht, also in Draufsicht, bei abgenommenem Rückenlehnenpolster zeigt, läßt erkennen, daß die Kopfstütze an einem Kopfstützenträger 26 angeordnet ist, der gegenüber der Rückenlehne 2 längsverschiebbar gehaltert ist. Zu diesem Zweck enthält die Rückenlehne 2 einen nach oben offenen Ausschnitt 27, dem angepaßt zumindest der untere Teil des Kopfstützenträgers 26 ist. Beidseitig des Ausschnittes 27 sind an der Rückenlehne Führungsstangen 28 angeordnet, auf denen am Kopfstützenträger 26 befestigte Führungsbuchsen 29 gleiten. Zur Längsverstellung der Kopfauflage dient ein in der Rückenlehne gehalterter Getriebemotor 30, der einen an der einen Führungshülse 29 befestigten Zahnriemen 31 antreibt. Mit dem Zahnriemen 31 wird gleichsam ein Stellungsgeber 32 angetrieben, mit dem die genaue Position des Kopfstützenträgers 26 in bezug auf die Rückenlehne 2 erfaßt bzw. vorgegeben werden kann. Das lehnenseitige Ende des Krummschwertes 25 ist am unteren Ende der Rückenlehne 2 starr befestigt, während das andere Ende in einer Führungsbahn gleitet, wie dies anhand der Figur 4 näher erläutert wird.FIG. 3, which shows the backrest 2 and the headrest 3 in a front view, that is to say in a top view, with the backrest cushion removed, reveals that the headrest is arranged on a headrest support 26 which is mounted so as to be longitudinally displaceable relative to the backrest 2. For this purpose, the backrest 2 contains a cutout 27 which is open at the top and to which at least the lower part of the headrest support 26 is adapted. On both sides of the cutout 27, guide rods 28 are arranged on the backrest, on which guide bushings 29 fastened to the headrest support 26 slide. A gear motor 30, which is held in the backrest and which drives a toothed belt 31 fastened to the one guide sleeve 29, is used for the longitudinal adjustment of the headrest. A position transmitter 32 is driven with the toothed belt 31, with which the exact position of the headrest support 26 with respect to the backrest 2 can be detected or specified. The back end of the curved sword 25 is rigidly attached to the lower end of the backrest 2, while the other end slides in a guideway, as will be explained in more detail with reference to FIG. 4.

Die Figur 4 zeigt in einer schaubildlichen Darstellung einen Teil des Sitzes 1 schräg von oben bei abgenommenen Polster- und Verkleidungsteilen. Ein starrer Sitzrahmen 35, der vorteilhafterweise aus Druckguß gefertigt ist, enthält beidseitig die bereits in Figur 1 angedeuteten seitlichen Fortsätze 13, die das Gelenk 12 für den Gelenkarm 9 aufnehmen. Der Sitzrahmen 35 enthält weiterhin beidseitig angeordnete Führungsbahnen in Form von Kulissen 36, in denen am unteren Ende des Krummschwertes 25 gelagerte Rollen 37 laufen. Das Krummschwert weist hierzu gabelartig verzweigte Arme 38 auf. Zwischen den beiden Armen 38 ist das eine Ende einer Gewindespindel 39 angelenkt, deren anderes, den Verstellantrieb 19 aufnehmendes Ende an einem Flansch 40 des Sitzrahmens 35 angelenkt ist. Mit Hilfe des Spindelantriebes kann sich das Krummschwert und damit die an diesem befestigte Rückenlehne zum Sitz hin bzw. von diesem weg bewegen. Das Krummschwert 25 ist ferner in weiteren, beidseitig des Sitzrahmens angeordneten Führungsrollen 41 geführt. Die mit 42 bezeichnete Krümmung des Krummschwertes 25 sowie dessen Führung in den beidseitigen Kulissen 36 und in den Führungsrollen 40 sind so aufeinander abgestimmt, daß sich für einen im Stuhl befindlichen Patienten bei Neigung der Rückenlehne, gleichgültig, ob es sich dabei um ein Neigen nach vorne (Aufrichten) oder um ein Neigen nach rückwärts (Absenken) der Rückenlehne handelt, eine harmonische Bewegung ohne Relativbewegung zwischen Patientenrücken und Rückenlehne erzielt wird.FIG. 4 shows, in a diagrammatic representation, part of the seat 1 obliquely from above with the upholstery and trim parts removed. A rigid seat frame 35, which is advantageously made of die-cast, contains on both sides the lateral extensions 13 already indicated in FIG. 1, which accommodate the joint 12 for the articulated arm 9. The seat frame 35 also contains guideways arranged on both sides in the form of scenes 36, in which rollers 37 mounted at the lower end of the curved sword 25 run. For this purpose, the curved sword has forked arms 38. Between the two arms 38, one end of a threaded spindle 39 is articulated, the other end, which receives the adjusting drive 19, is articulated on a flange 40 of the seat frame 35. With the help of the spindle drive, the curved sword can and move the backrest attached to it towards or away from the seat. The curved sword 25 is also guided in further guide rollers 41 arranged on both sides of the seat frame. The curvature of the curved sword 25, designated 42, and its guidance in the double-sided scenes 36 and in the guide rollers 40 are coordinated with one another in such a way that, for a patient in the chair, when the backrest is inclined, it does not matter whether the inclination is forward (Straightening) or tilting the backrest backwards (lowering), a harmonious movement is achieved without relative movement between the patient's back and the backrest.

Der Krümmungsverlauf des Krummschwertes 25 und die Kurvenbahn der Kulissen 36 werden jeweils durch mehrere Kreisbahnen mit unterschiedlichen Radien gebildet, wie dies anhand der Prinzipdarstellung in Figur 5 erläutert wird.The curvature of the curved sword 25 and the curved path of the scenes 36 are each formed by a plurality of circular paths with different radii, as will be explained on the basis of the basic illustration in FIG. 5.

Die Krümmung 42 des Krummschwertes 25 und die Kurvenbahn 43 der Kulissen 36 werden im wesentlichen durch zwei ineinander übergehende Kreisbahnen mit den Radien R1, R2 bzw. R3, R4 bestimmt, wobei die der Rückenlehne 2 abgewandten Krümmungsabschnitte einen größeren Radius aufweisen als die der Rückenlehne zugewandten Abschnitte, d.h. der Radius R2 ist größer als R1, das gleiche gilt für die Kurvenbahn, wo R3 größer ist als R4. Das Verhältnis der Radien beträgt beim Krummschwert 25 etwa 1:2, bei der Kurvenbahn der Kulissen 36 etwa 1:1,5, wobei die Kurvenbahnen verschiedene Mittelpunkte M1, M2 und M3 aufweisen. Der eine Mittelpunkt (M1) liegt dabei im Bereich des Hüftgelenkdrehpunkts eines im Stuhl befindlichen Patienten.The curvature 42 of the curved sword 25 and the curved path 43 of the scenes 36 are essentially determined by two circular paths which merge into one another with the radii R1, R2 or R3, R4, the curvature sections facing away from the backrest 2 having a larger radius than those facing the backrest Sections, ie the radius R2 is larger than R1, the same applies to the curved path, where R3 is larger than R4. The ratio of the radii is approximately 1: 2 for the curved sword 25 and approximately 1: 1.5 for the curved path of the scenes 36, the curved paths having different center points M1, M2 and M3. One center point (M1) lies in the area of the hip joint pivot point of a patient in the chair.

Die sich durch den größeren Radius R3 beim Krummschwert bzw. durch den Radius R3 bei der Kurvenbahn der Kulissen 36 ergebende Abflachung bewirkt beim Aufrichten der Rückenlehne eine stärkere Verschiebung in Richtung Kopfstütze. Während im unteren Winkelbereich α1 (von der Horizontalen bis etwa 30°) Krummschwert und Kurvenbahn etwa gleichen Mittelpunkt haben und hier eine Kreisbewegung um praktisch den Mittelpunkt M1 erfolgt, beginnt im sich daran anschließenden oberen Winkelbereich α2 (bis etwa 60° Neigung zur Horizontalen) der engere Radius R4 zu wirken, d.h. ein Punkt N auf der Rückenlehne bewegt sich um das Maß H aus der Kreisbahn mit dem Radius RN heraus und nach oben zu N'. Die Rückenlehne wird also in diesem Winkelbereich stärker in Richtung Kopfstütze geschoben. Der virtuelle Drehpunkt, um den sich die Rückenlehne bei deren Neigung bewegt (eingangs als Momentanpol bezeichnet), ist dabei nicht konstant; er wandert, wie in Figur 6 gezeigt, im Ausführungsbeispiel auf einem Abschnitt A einer spiralförmigen Kurve, die gleichsinnig mit der Neigungsbewegung der Rückenlehne verläuft, die sich also, entsprechend einer Neigungsbewegung der Rückenlehne nach vorne, nach links öffnet. Die damit erzielbare Rückenlehnenbewegung entspricht der natürlichen Bewegung des Hüftgelenks eines Patienten, wenn der Patient von einer Liegeposition in eine aufrechte Sitzposition gebracht wird.The flattening resulting from the larger radius R3 at the curved sword or through the radius R3 at the curved path of the scenes 36 causes a greater displacement in the direction of the headrest when the backrest is raised. While in the lower angular range α1 (from the horizontal to about 30 °) The curved sword and curved path have approximately the same center point and here a circular movement around practically the center point M1, the narrower radius R4 begins to work in the adjoining upper angular range α2 (up to approximately 60 ° inclination to the horizontal), ie a point N on the backrest moves the dimension H out of the circular path with the radius R N and up to N '. The backrest is thus pushed more towards the headrest in this angular range. The virtual pivot point around which the backrest moves when it is tilted (initially referred to as the instantaneous pole) is not constant; As shown in FIG. 6, it wanders in the exemplary embodiment on a section A of a spiral curve which runs in the same direction as the inclination movement of the backrest, which therefore opens to the left in accordance with an inclination movement of the backrest to the front. The backrest movement that can be achieved in this way corresponds to the natural movement of a patient's hip joint when the patient is brought from a lying position into an upright sitting position.

Die Bestimmung der Radien für den Kurvenverlauf der Kulissen und des Krummschwertes sind unter Berücksichtigung der eingangs bereits angeführten Erkenntnisse empirisch ermittelt worden.The determination of the radii for the curve shape of the scenes and the curved sword have been determined empirically, taking into account the knowledge already mentioned at the beginning.

Claims (10)

  1. Dental chair for patients with a backrest (2) which can be tilted by means of a backrest support (25) on the seat (1) and is arranged so as to be adjustable towards the seat and away from the seat, with the seat (1) being provided with a curved path (43) with which there are associated corresponding guide means (37), whereby, when the backrest is tilted backwards, the backrest support can be moved under the seat and when it is tilted forwards it can be moved out of the seat again, characterized in that the backrest support (25) also is provided with a curved path (42) with which there are associated corresponding guide means (41), and with, moreover, the curve trend of the two curved paths (42, 43) on the seat (1) and the backrest support (25) being formed in such a way that the instantaneous centre of rotation (Mp), about which the backrest (2) moves when tilted, is not constant, rather moving on a section (A) of a curve preferably opening in the shape of a spiral, the curve extending in the same direction as the tilting movement of the backrest.
  2. Dental chair for patients according to claim 1, characterized in that the curve trend of the two curved paths (42, 43) is determined by circular paths passing over into one another and having different radii (R₁, R₂, R₃, R₄).
  3. Dental chair for patients according to claim 2, characterized in that the curve trend of the two curved paths (42, 43) is essentially determined by two circular paths passing over into one another, with the curve sections which are directed away from the backrest having a greater radius (R₃ > R₄; R₂ > R₁) than the curve sections which face the backrest.
  4. Dental chair for patients according to claim 3, characterized in that the ratio of the curve radii in the curved path of the backrest support (25) amounts to approximately 1:2 and in the curved path of the seat (1) approximately 1:1.5.
  5. Dental chair for patients according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the backrest support (25) is constructed as a curved centre piece, the curve (42) of which corresponds to the curve trend of the curved path (43).
  6. Dental chair for patients according to claim 5, characterized in that the curved centre piece (25) contains on the seat side a fork-like end with two arms (38) on which guide rollers (37) are mounted, the rollers being guided in connecting links (36) arranged on the seat frame (35).
  7. Dental chair for patients according to claim 5, characterized in that between the arms (38) the free end of a motor-driven spindle (39) is hinged, the appertaining adjusting drive (19) of which is flange-connected to the seat frame (35).
  8. Dental chair for patients according to claim 5, characterized in that the seat frame (35) contains on both sides of the curved centre piece (25) at least one further pair of guide rollers (41) for the curved centre piece.
  9. Dental chair for patients according to claim 5, characterized in that the seat frame (35) and the curved centre piece (25) are manufactured from die cast metal.
  10. Dental chair for patients according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the backrest (2) is rigidly connected to the curved centre piece (25) and contains a centrally placed section (27) open to the top, in which section there is supported in a longitudinally adjustable manner a padded headrest support part (26) supporting the headrest (3).
EP91109501A 1991-06-10 1991-06-10 Dental chair with tilting backrest Expired - Lifetime EP0517934B1 (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE59105058T DE59105058D1 (en) 1991-06-10 1991-06-10 Dental patient chair with swiveling backrest.
DK91109501.6T DK0517934T3 (en) 1991-06-10 1991-06-10 Dentist-patient chair with swivel backrest
EP91109501A EP0517934B1 (en) 1991-06-10 1991-06-10 Dental chair with tilting backrest
US07/890,809 US5348375A (en) 1991-06-10 1992-06-01 Dental patient chair with a pivotable backrest
JP1992046082U JP2600697Y2 (en) 1991-06-10 1992-06-08 Dental patient chair

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP91109501A EP0517934B1 (en) 1991-06-10 1991-06-10 Dental chair with tilting backrest

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0517934A1 EP0517934A1 (en) 1992-12-16
EP0517934B1 true EP0517934B1 (en) 1995-03-29

Family

ID=8206812

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91109501A Expired - Lifetime EP0517934B1 (en) 1991-06-10 1991-06-10 Dental chair with tilting backrest

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5348375A (en)
EP (1) EP0517934B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2600697Y2 (en)
DE (1) DE59105058D1 (en)
DK (1) DK0517934T3 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5348375A (en) 1994-09-20
DE59105058D1 (en) 1995-05-04
JPH0556127U (en) 1993-07-27
DK0517934T3 (en) 1995-08-21
JP2600697Y2 (en) 1999-10-18
EP0517934A1 (en) 1992-12-16

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