EP0517081B1 - Conditionneur compact - Google Patents

Conditionneur compact Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0517081B1
EP0517081B1 EP92108894A EP92108894A EP0517081B1 EP 0517081 B1 EP0517081 B1 EP 0517081B1 EP 92108894 A EP92108894 A EP 92108894A EP 92108894 A EP92108894 A EP 92108894A EP 0517081 B1 EP0517081 B1 EP 0517081B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
evaporator
vehicle
frame
condenser
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP92108894A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0517081A1 (fr
Inventor
Gerd Gaik
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Faiveley Transport Leipzig GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Hagenuk Fahrzeugklima GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hagenuk Fahrzeugklima GmbH filed Critical Hagenuk Fahrzeugklima GmbH
Publication of EP0517081A1 publication Critical patent/EP0517081A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0517081B1 publication Critical patent/EP0517081B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D27/00—Heating, cooling, ventilating, or air-conditioning
    • B61D27/0018—Air-conditioning means, i.e. combining at least two of the following ways of treating or supplying air, namely heating, cooling or ventilating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00357—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles
    • B60H1/00371—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles carrying large numbers of passengers, e.g. buses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00007—Combined heating, ventilating, or cooling devices
    • B60H1/00207—Combined heating, ventilating, or cooling devices characterised by the position of the HVAC devices with respect to the passenger compartment
    • B60H2001/00235—Devices in the roof area of the passenger compartment

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a compact air conditioning device, which is particularly suitable for rail vehicles and preferably for passenger coaches also in fast-moving passenger trains.
  • a device for ventilation and air conditioning of rail vehicles in which a part serving for air treatment with a filter, a cooling register and a heating register is arranged below the passenger compartment, with air from outside and from the passenger compartment on one side sucked in and on the other side the mixed and treated air is released into the passenger compartment.
  • the compressor and the condenser, as well as other parts of the refrigerant circuit are arranged in front of or behind the air treatment devices under the carriage and must be connected to the evaporator located in the air treatment part by skilled workers through refrigerant lines.
  • This assembly involves a lot of work and enables the air conditioning system to be tested only after all the parts have been attached under the floor of the car. With other devices to be arranged there, the space available for the air conditioning under the car floor is becoming increasingly scarce. For open-plan cars, it is also desirable to supply air on both sides, for example via ducts running below the windows.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of creating a compact, space-saving air conditioning unit in which all the necessary parts are combined in a preassembled unit.
  • the refrigerant circuit of the compact air conditioning unit consists in a known manner of a compressor, a condenser, an evaporator, a pressure relief valve, a container for liquid refrigerant and suitable control and monitoring means.
  • the evaporator is designed as a finned heat exchanger for air cooling and is located in the part used for air treatment.
  • the air treatment part also has a filter and a heating device and at least one fan which generates the air flow.
  • the parts of the refrigerant circuit and the parts used for air treatment are arranged together and in a compact design on a frame suitable for underfloor installation.
  • the compressor and the condenser with axial fans assigned to them are located at one end of the frame, that is to say on a long side of the rail vehicle.
  • the parts used for air treatment are housed in a housing on the remaining part of the frame.
  • the refrigerant lines between the compressor, condenser and evaporator are permanently installed on the frame and, if necessary, in the housing.
  • the air duct in the housing is designed so that room air is fed directly to the filter from one side of the vehicle. Outside air is added to the circulating room air before the filter.
  • an air conditioning compact device in particular for rail vehicles. It consists of a refrigerant circuit comprising a compressor, a condenser and an evaporator, the evaporator being designed as a finned heat exchanger for air cooling. There are also air ducts which can be connected to the rooms to be air-conditioned and on which there is a heating device and a fan, the lamella heat exchanger and the heating device being arranged offset to one another. The parts of the refrigerant circuit and the air treatment are together in a compact construction on a suitable frame.
  • the compressor and the condenser with its associated axial fan are arranged at one end of the frame and the parts for air treatment, such as the evaporator, heating device and fan, are located in a housing on the remaining part of the frame, and the refrigerant lines between the compressor, condenser and evaporator are on fixed to the frame.
  • known air supply devices are expediently arranged in front of the air-conditioning compact unit, which have flaps that close when pressure surges occur.
  • the inlet for outside air is located on the side wall of the device. If outside air is only supplied on one side, a cross tube is arranged here, through which the outside air is mixed in uniformly over the entire inflow surface, essentially in front of the filter, in front of the filter. After the filter, the air flows through the two evaporators and is then passed through the heating device (e.g. heating register with electrical, high-voltage-resistant heating elements) and sucked out laterally by radial fans and directed into side air ducts, at the ends of which they exit into ducts in the passenger compartment.
  • the heating device e.g. heating register with electrical, high-voltage-resistant heating elements
  • the housing is accessible from the side through an easy-to-open maintenance flap. This allows the air filter change frame to be easily replaced. The same applies to the two longitudinal evaporators and heating registers.
  • the easy-to-remove maintenance flap also removes the filter from both sides of the room housed valves and control devices also easily accessible.
  • heating device with electrical heating elements is preferred, however, other heating, for example with steam or warm water, is also possible.
  • At least one tube, preferably at least one row of tubes, of a cooling circuit for dissipating heat loss from an energy supply device of the vehicle is arranged on the outlet sides of the evaporator and the condenser.
  • This energy supply can be, for example, an electrical device arranged in the vehicle, which converts the frequency and voltage of the current supplied via the overhead line of the train to the values required in the vehicle.
  • Such a device requires cooling.
  • This cooling can be done via a circuit with brine or with a thermal oil. In summer operation, this coolant is cooled in the coil on the condenser, if necessary with the help of the fans available there. In winter operation, the heat loss from this cooling circuit is conducted through the coil on the evaporator, and the heat loss is now used to heat the air to be treated.
  • the heat loss from the energy supply device is released to the outside air through the cooling coil on the condenser. At cooler transition temperatures the Heat loss through the coil is given off to the evaporator, which is no longer in operation, to the air returned to the passenger compartment. In colder temperatures or in winter operation, several or all of the heating elements of the heating device are additionally used to heat the air.
  • Condensate can condense on the evaporator in summer.
  • the bottom of the housing is therefore expediently provided with or designed as a condensate collection trough and has a condensate drain valve. This valve is also suitably secured against pressure surges.
  • the air conditioning compact device comprises a frame 20, which is not shown in detail in the schematic illustration. With the frame 20, it is attached under a vehicle, not shown, and under this frame 20, the individual devices and air duct parts are arranged.
  • outside air is supplied from supply devices (not shown) via an inlet opening 1 and a transverse duct 3 (FIG. 2) and is mixed via ducts in front of a filter 4 of the room air sucked out of the vehicle through an opening 5.
  • the air flows through the evaporators 6, which are designed as finned heat exchangers.
  • the last row of tubes of the evaporator 6 is used as a heat exchanger 7 for a cooling circuit.
  • Behind the evaporator is a heating device 8, in which a number of electrical heating elements are preferably arranged. After flowing through the heating device 8, the treated air is sucked off by laterally arranged radial fans 11 and pressed into lateral air channels 12a and 12b, which lead to outlet openings 12, via which the air reaches the distribution devices within the vehicle compartment.
  • Evaporator 6 with the coil 7 and the heating device 8, which preferably contains a large number of electric heating elements, are designed and arranged with respect to their overall height and accommodation in the air guiding part in such a way that after removal of the filter 4, the entire heating device 8 and the evaporator 6 are dismantled and replaced can.
  • the refrigerant circuit comprises a compressor 14 and a condenser 13, on which a pipe 16 or a corresponding pipe coil is arranged.
  • the condenser 13 is cooled by air by means of axial fans 15.
  • a collector 27 for liquid refrigerant is arranged.
  • the refrigerant lines 26 are fixed to the frame 20 and are only hinted at in the attached figures.
  • the compact design of the parts intended for air treatment in the housing 21 makes it possible to mount the compressor and the condenser next to the housing 21 on the frame 20 and to keep the overall length of the air conditioning compact device in the direction of the vehicle's longitudinal axis of about 2100 mm at a maximum Width of 2700 mm. Since the air treatment is terminated approximately in the middle of the air conditioning compact device or the vehicle, the air channels 12a, 12b are provided to the outlet openings 12 near the sides of the vehicle.
  • the channels 12a are narrow and high, so that there is sufficient space for the compressor 14 and the condenser 13.
  • the channels 12b are flat but wider in order to allow the greatest possible overall height for the filter 4 and the evaporator 6.
  • a coolant of an energy supply device is additionally circulated in a coolant line 25.
  • a changeover valve 9 transfers the preferably liquid coolant through the pipe 7 in winter operation and in summer operation the pipe 16.
  • the refrigerant circuit is usually not switched on and the heating device 8 is not switched on in the summer mode.
  • the heat loss from the energy supply device must always be dissipated. At transition temperatures, the air to be conditioned can therefore only be heated via the pipe 7, and only when this is not sufficient is the heating device 8 switched on.
  • the housing 21 is provided on one side with an easily removable maintenance cover 10. Through it the filter 4 and the heating device 8 are easily accessible from the side of the rail vehicle. Valves 9, 29 and other control devices are arranged on the refrigerant line 26 and the coolant line 25 in rooms on both sides in addition to the filter and evaporator. After removing the maintenance cover 10, these devices are also accessible from the side of the vehicle and can be checked and, if necessary, operated.
  • the air conditioning compact unit can be tested as a factory-made unit for functionality and delivered filled with the refrigerant for mounting on the vehicle. Then only the air connections and electrical connections for energy and control have to be made. Furthermore, the coolant circuit may need to be connected, but this is less problematic than connections of refrigerant lines to be carried out when mounted on a vehicle. In addition to the small space requirement the bottom of the vehicle, the reduction in assembly costs is therefore remarkable.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Separating Particles In Gases By Inertia (AREA)
  • Air Filters, Heat-Exchange Apparatuses, And Housings Of Air-Conditioning Units (AREA)

Claims (3)

  1. Appareil de climatisation sous forme compacte, en particulier pour véhicules ferroviaires, se composant dun circuit à agent de refroidissement qui comporte un compresseur (14), un condenseur (13) et un évaporateur (6), l'évaporateur (6) étant prévu sous la forme d'un échangeur de chaleur à ailettes pour le refroidissement de l'air, et de canaux à air qui peuvent être en liaison avec les espaces à climatiser et ou se trouvent au moins un filtre (4) et un dispositif de chauffage (8), ainsi qu'un ventilateur (11), le filtre (4), l'échangeur de chaleur à ailettes (6), ainsi que le dispositif de chauffage (8) étant disposés avec décalage l'un par rapport à l'autre, les éléments du circuit à agent de refroidissement et les éléments servant au traitement de l'air étant montés en commun et suivant un mode de construction resserré dans un châssis (20) qui se prête au montage sous plancher, le compresseur (14) et le condenseur (13), avec des ventilateurs axiaux (15) y adjoints, étant montés à une extrémité du chassis (20), les éléments servant au traitement de l'air, tel que le filtre (4), l'évaporateur (6), le dispositif de chauffage (8) et le ventilateur (11) se trouvant dans un logement (21), dans une autre partie du chassis (20) les conduits à agent de refroidissement (26), entre le compresseur (14), le condenseur (13) et l'évaporateur (6), étant montés fixes sur le châssis (20), les dispositifs de guidage de l'air étant prévus sous une forme telle que l'air ambiant sortant du véhicule soit conduit directement par une ouverture (5) et que l'air extérieur à mélanger soit conduit par une ouverture d'entrée (1), vers le filtre (4) et, en mélange avec l'air ambiant, soit ensuite conduit vers l' évaporateur (6), pénètre dans le dispositif de chauffage (8), soit aspiré latéralement au moyen des ventilateurs radiaux (11) et soit, par des canaux latéraux (12a, 12b) se trouvant immédiatement en dessous du châssis (20) envoyé sous pression vers des ouvertures de sortie (12) menant à l'espace intérieur du véhicule et aux côtés de sortie de l'évaporateur (6) et du condenseur (13) se trouvant respectivement au moins un conduit (7) et au moins un conduit (16) d'un circuit de refroidissement (25) pour l'évacuation de la chaleur perdue d'un dispositif d'alimentation en énergie du véhicule et dans ce circuit de refroidissement étant montée une valve de commutation (9) qui se trouve à l'intérieur du logement (21) pour céder la chaleur perdue, en période de marche hivernale, par le conduit (7), à l'air à traiter, et pour évacuer la chaleur perdue, en période de marche estivale, par le conduit (16) et par les ventilateurs axiaux (15).
  2. Appareil de climatisation sous forme compacte suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de chauffage (8) comporte des barreaux chauffants pouvant résister à la haute tension, qui s'étendent parallèlement à l'évaporateur (6).
  3. Appareil de climatisation sous forme compacte suivant l'une ou l'autre des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que le logement (21) est muni d'un couvercle latéral de surveillance et d'entretien (10), grâce auquel les éléments montés dans ce logement sont accessibles et peuvent être remplacés.
EP92108894A 1991-06-05 1992-05-27 Conditionneur compact Expired - Lifetime EP0517081B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4118745A DE4118745C2 (de) 1991-06-05 1991-06-05 Klimakompaktgerät für Fahrzeuge
DE4118745 1991-06-05

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0517081A1 EP0517081A1 (fr) 1992-12-09
EP0517081B1 true EP0517081B1 (fr) 1995-02-01

Family

ID=6433412

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92108894A Expired - Lifetime EP0517081B1 (fr) 1991-06-05 1992-05-27 Conditionneur compact

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0517081B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE117949T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4118745C2 (fr)
DK (1) DK0517081T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2069931T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT407030B (de) * 1994-03-22 2000-11-27 Friedmann Kg Alex Klimagerät für ein schienenfahrzeug
FR2721863B1 (fr) * 1994-06-29 1996-08-23 Valeo Thermique Habitacle Dispositif de reglage de la temperature dans l'habitacle d'un vehicule a moteur electrique
DE4441351C2 (de) * 1994-11-21 1997-04-10 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Fahrzeugheizung
DE19654633C1 (de) * 1996-12-28 1998-04-02 Deutsche Waggonbau Ag Heizungs- und Lüftungssystem für Fahrgasträume in Schienenfahrzeugen, insbesondere in Nahverkehrsfahrzeugen
DE19824461A1 (de) * 1998-05-30 1999-12-02 Behr Industrietech Gmbh & Co Einbaufertiges Klimatisierungsmodul, insbesondere für Schienenfahrzeuge
DE19850500B4 (de) * 1998-11-03 2005-07-21 Terex Germany Gmbh & Co. Kg Klimaanlage für Bagger
NL1011332C2 (nl) * 1999-02-18 2000-08-22 Truma Geraetetechnik Gmbh & Co Inrichting voor het behandelen van lucht.
DE29915543U1 (de) * 1999-09-03 2001-01-18 Liebherr Verkehrstechnik Gmbh Unterflurlüftungs-, Heizung- und/oder Klimagerät
DE10008250A1 (de) * 2000-02-23 2001-08-30 Behr Industrietech Gmbh & Co Klimatisierungsvorrichtung und Verfahren zum Betrieb dieser
DE10149594B4 (de) * 2001-10-08 2005-09-15 Bombardier Transportation Gmbh Lüftungssystem für Fahrzeuge
CN101922818B (zh) * 2009-06-09 2013-01-23 上海法维莱交通车辆设备有限公司 轨道交通列车空调机组
CN102211591B (zh) * 2011-04-29 2013-08-07 上海松芝轨道车辆空调有限公司 一种节能耐高温地铁列车空调
DE202019107185U1 (de) * 2019-12-20 2020-11-18 Faiveley Transport Leipzig Gmbh & Co. Kg Klimagerät für ein Schienenfahrzeug mit einem PCM-Speicher

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4043143A (en) * 1976-08-31 1977-08-23 Vapor Corporation Locomotive environmental system
DE2835137C2 (de) * 1978-08-10 1985-04-18 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Heiz- und Lüftungseinrichtung für elektrische Nahverkehrsfahrzeuge
US4727728A (en) * 1983-05-12 1988-03-01 Thermo King Corporation Bus air conditioning unit for roof top mounting
KR960007043B1 (ko) * 1987-04-30 1996-05-27 가부시기가이샤 히다찌 세이사꾸쇼 철도차량용 공기조화장치
FR2646822B1 (fr) * 1989-05-10 1992-05-29 Faiveley Sa Installation de climatisation pour voiture de chemin de fer

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK0517081T3 (da) 1995-06-26
DE4118745C2 (de) 1994-08-18
ATE117949T1 (de) 1995-02-15
ES2069931T3 (es) 1995-05-16
DE59201319D1 (de) 1995-03-16
DE4118745A1 (de) 1992-12-10
EP0517081A1 (fr) 1992-12-09

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