EP0517022A2 - Séparateur pneumatique - Google Patents

Séparateur pneumatique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0517022A2
EP0517022A2 EP92108326A EP92108326A EP0517022A2 EP 0517022 A2 EP0517022 A2 EP 0517022A2 EP 92108326 A EP92108326 A EP 92108326A EP 92108326 A EP92108326 A EP 92108326A EP 0517022 A2 EP0517022 A2 EP 0517022A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
sieve
air pressure
heavy
material discharge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP92108326A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0517022A3 (en
Inventor
Elmar Klomfass
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Lyndex Recycling Systems Ltd
Original Assignee
Lindemann Maschinenfabrik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lindemann Maschinenfabrik GmbH filed Critical Lindemann Maschinenfabrik GmbH
Publication of EP0517022A2 publication Critical patent/EP0517022A2/fr
Publication of EP0517022A3 publication Critical patent/EP0517022A3/de
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B4/00—Separating by pneumatic tables or by pneumatic jigs
    • B03B4/02—Separating by pneumatic tables or by pneumatic jigs using swinging or shaking tables
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B4/00—Separating by pneumatic tables or by pneumatic jigs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B11/00—Arrangement of accessories in apparatus for separating solids from solids using gas currents
    • B07B11/04—Control arrangements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an air-assisted separator.
  • Air stoves known as heavy part readers are known for separating lighter from heavy good parts (light / heavy separation).
  • a sieve inclined in the longitudinal direction to which the solid mixture to be sorted is fed via a conveyor and a material feed which ensures a uniform loading of the sieve or read-out table.
  • the air flowing through the sieve from bottom to top puts the specifically lighter constituents of the solid mixture in a flow-like state.
  • the dust-free working air required for this is drawn in from the ambient air by a fan either external or arranged in the machine housing.
  • the machine housing is supported on at least two pairs of links which introduce the drive power generated by a push-crank drive into the machine housing; alternatively, at least one unbalance motor can be provided on the machine housing.
  • the light fraction (light goods) always flows to the lower end of the stove and the heavy fraction (heavy goods) always to the higher end of the hearth, from where the light and heavy goods are each conveyed to a subsequent conveyor for discharge.
  • Such an air cooker works best when the ratio of light to heavy goods and the air pressure are constant. It has been found that this cannot be guaranteed, above all, if the solid mixture given is material from electronic scrap, shredder debris, cable waste or other mixtures of non-ferrous metals, for example predominantly consisting of copper, zinc, brass, magnesium and aluminum with different grain size and shape. These solid mixtures intended for non-ferrous metal processing have a very heterogeneous grain shape, especially with grain sizes over 10 mm; in addition, their composition is constantly changing.
  • the separation success from the air sources is therefore insufficient and the discharge is often a coincidental product.
  • the unsatisfactory Operating results of an air source, especially in non-ferrous metal processing, which is about separating a product (light or heavy goods), e.g. recovering the largest possible aluminum (light goods) portion, ie from heavy goods (copper, bronze, Separating brass, lead, etc.) deteriorate if the temperature changes during operation and, depending on this, the air density, which drops with increasing temperature. There is then no sufficient carrying pressure above the sieve which could prevent the light goods from being discharged together with the heavy goods.
  • separating plate - for example influenced by wet or dry paper parts - and a shredder, in which, for example, the degree of filling and weather conditions are also decisive for the separation result.
  • the system is usually supplied with a significantly excessive amount of air. This means not only appropriately large fans or blowers with associated powerful motors, but also high energy consumption.
  • the invention has for its object the operation, i.e. Above all to improve the selectivity in separation processes with strongly fluctuating operating conditions of an air-supported separator, in particular of air stoves, wind sifters and / or shredder dedusting and separating plates, to reduce the energy requirement and to avoid constant readjustment of mechanically operated throttle valves.
  • This object is achieved by electronically controlled air pressure.
  • an exact, sensitive control of the air pressure and thus a controlled separation process can be achieved, in which, with regard to the amount of air supplied, there is a good adaptation to the particular composition and / or nature of the material supplied, which allows a high degree of selectivity to separate clean product.
  • a regulated air cooker By means of, for example, a regulated air cooker, the aluminum contained in a solid mixture can be almost completely recovered, ie the aluminum losses can be kept below 3% and thus far lower than, for example, in a known swim-sink system. Finally, a uniform air speed can also be set in the separation zone.
  • the respective actual value of the air pressure is determined by a sensor, which in a shredder system in the dedusting line between the shredder and a separator (cyclone) and / or the suction line between the classifier and a separator and in the case of an air source or a separating plate in the pressure line of the fan can be arranged.
  • a controller assigned to the frequency converter specifies a target value; decreases, e.g. With increasing operating and / or outside temperature, the air density, so that the air pressure drops, the controller causes a corresponding increase in the speed of the motor driving the fan via the frequency converter until the setpoint of the air pressure is reached.
  • fan speed control - the actual value of which can be specified using a potentiometer - can achieve constant air pressure using the frequency converter despite temperature differences.
  • the air pressure can also be adapted to changing compositions of the solid mixture charged. It has been found that the drive motor which sets the air source in motion takes more current on when the heavy goods content increases and less when the light goods content, ie in particular aluminum in the solid mixture increases. Although the change in the motor current consumption is very small, a control component can be achieved with an electronic spread.
  • the air pressure is increased by a correspondingly higher speed of the motor driving the fan, so that despite the lower heavy goods proportion, the light goods nevertheless reach the intended discharge; because of the then higher carrying pressure, it floats on the air cushion above the sieve and flows to the lower-lying light material discharge.
  • the air pressure can be changed over the length of the sieve and a desired air distribution can be achieved below the bed.
  • the end of the hearth having the heavy material discharge is ventilated less than the end of the hearth with the light material discharge, which can be achieved by a baffle located below the heavy material discharge.
  • the lower layer of the solid mixture towards the heavy material discharge is thus less aerated than the higher, multilayered layer above the sieve in the area of the light material discharge.
  • An air cooker 1 has a machine housing 2 which is set in vibration by means of a push-crank drive via handlebars 3 and a drive motor 4.
  • the air cooker 1 is provided with an electronic control 5, which keeps the air pressure constant under a sieve 7 which is inclined towards the lower-lying light material discharge 6.
  • the solid mixture to be separated, containing light goods and heavy goods, is placed on the sieve 7, as is illustrated in FIG. 2 by a material feed arrow 8. While the light material contained in the solid mixture floats due to the air flow supplied from below the sieve 7 by means of a fan 9 (cf. FIG. 1) via an air inlet 11 into the machine housing 2 and slides down according to the inclination of the sieve 7 towards the light material discharge 6 the heavy goods due to the vibrations of the machine housing 2 to the heavy goods discharge 12 at the higher end of the sieve 7.
  • the drive motor 4 which generates the vibrations of the air source 1 is electrically connected to a controller 13 which when the composition of the solid mixture 14 fed onto the sieve 7 changes (cf. FIG. 2), the current consumption of the drive motor 4, which is correspondingly greater or smaller, is tapped as a reference variable w for the setpoint value of the air pressure. If the ratio of light to heavy goods in the feed solid mixture 14 is no longer constant, for example the heavy goods content decreases, as in particular with feed goods consisting predominantly of comminuted railway wagons, the current consumption of the drive motor 4 drops.
  • This value goes as the command variable w for the desired value of the air pressure in the controller 13, which forms a corresponding manipulated variable y for a frequency converter 15, via which the speed of a motor 16 driving the fan 9 is controlled.
  • a higher fan speed causes the air pressure to increase accordingly, so that despite the changed mixture composition, the light goods do not escape undesirably through the heavy goods discharge 12, but instead reach the light goods discharge 6 due to the higher air pressure below the sieve 7, because the carrying pressure of the air cushion increases.
  • the proportion of heavy goods increases, e.g. B. by changing the feed material
  • the current consumption of the drive motor 4 increases to the same extent and a corresponding value is entered into the controller 13, so that the frequency converter 15 sets the speed of the fan motor 16 lower and thus the air pressure is reduced.
  • the heavy goods predominantly present in the solid mixture prevent the light goods from migrating up to the heavy goods discharge 12.
  • the control 5 the air pressure can thus be dependent on the respective composition of the solid mixture 14 precisely and sensitively.
  • the control circuit 5 also has a controller 17, which is also connected to the frequency converter 15 and into which the actual value of the air pressure detected by a pressure sensor 18 is received as the control variable x. If the air pressure changes due to external influences, such as, in particular, the temperature, the controller 17 supplies a corresponding manipulated variable y for the frequency converter 15, which then either increases or decreases the speed of the drive motor 16 of the fan 9 until the air pressure under the sieve 7 also corresponds to the setpoint specified in the controller 17, so that a constant air pressure is maintained.
  • baffles 19 designed as baffles or air baffles, which deflect and distribute the air flow entering through the air inlet 11 below the sieve 7.
  • the layer of the solid mixture 14 which is lower in the direction of the heavy material discharge 12 becomes less and the layer of the solid mixture 14 which is higher towards the light material discharge 6 and contains the layer of solid material 14 floating on the air cushion and to be discharged.
  • the sorting or separation of light and heavy goods is favored by longitudinal wedges 21 arranged on the sieve 7. which reduce the passage area of the sieve 7 towards the heavy material discharge 12 (see FIGS. 3 and 4), and in this way support a targeted delivery flow.

Landscapes

  • Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
EP19920108326 1991-06-07 1992-05-18 Pneumatic separator Ceased EP0517022A3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4118675A DE4118675A1 (de) 1991-06-07 1991-06-07 Luftunterstuetzter trenner
DE4118675 1991-06-07

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0517022A2 true EP0517022A2 (fr) 1992-12-09
EP0517022A3 EP0517022A3 (en) 1993-09-08

Family

ID=6433366

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19920108326 Ceased EP0517022A3 (en) 1991-06-07 1992-05-18 Pneumatic separator

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0517022A3 (fr)
DE (1) DE4118675A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7893378B2 (en) 2004-08-10 2011-02-22 Mss, Inc. Materials recovery facility process optimization via unit operation feedback
WO2020151931A1 (fr) 2019-01-25 2020-07-30 Allmineral Aufbereitungstechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg Cribleur pneumatique doté d'un dispositif de mesure de pression

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4421681A1 (de) * 1994-06-23 1996-01-04 Lindemann Maschfab Gmbh Verfahren und Einrichtung zum Trennen von Wertstoffen aus Materialmischungen

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2028211A (en) * 1931-02-18 1936-01-21 Jeffrey Mfg Co Fluid stream control
DE2104537A1 (fr) * 1971-02-01 1972-08-10
SU755305A1 (ru) * 1978-03-28 1980-08-15 Inf Vychislitelnyj Ts Min Pish Устройство автоматического регулирования аэродинамического режима пневмоочистителя 1
US4280901A (en) * 1979-07-06 1981-07-28 Nassau Recycle Corporation Method and apparatus for separating finely sized materials
GB2067925A (en) * 1980-01-30 1981-08-05 Schmidt & Clemens Apparatus for separating the heaviert particles of a loose material from the lighter particles and dust
DE3301978A1 (de) * 1983-01-21 1984-07-26 Carl Schenck Ag, 6100 Darmstadt Verfahren zur trennung eines schuettgutgemisches und vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens
DE3706134A1 (de) * 1987-02-26 1988-09-08 Barth Maschf G W Windsichteinrichtung
US5019757A (en) * 1990-03-19 1991-05-28 General Electric Company Method and apparatus for controlling a blower motor in an air handling system to provide constant pressure

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE446158B (sv) * 1981-12-10 1986-08-18 Kamas Ind Ab Anordning vid maskiner for atskiljning av material med olika aerodynamiska egenskaper
AU569011B2 (en) * 1984-05-08 1988-01-14 Buhler Ag Installation and process for sorting heavy materials, in particular stones or the like from cereals or other bulk products

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2028211A (en) * 1931-02-18 1936-01-21 Jeffrey Mfg Co Fluid stream control
DE2104537A1 (fr) * 1971-02-01 1972-08-10
SU755305A1 (ru) * 1978-03-28 1980-08-15 Inf Vychislitelnyj Ts Min Pish Устройство автоматического регулирования аэродинамического режима пневмоочистителя 1
US4280901A (en) * 1979-07-06 1981-07-28 Nassau Recycle Corporation Method and apparatus for separating finely sized materials
GB2067925A (en) * 1980-01-30 1981-08-05 Schmidt & Clemens Apparatus for separating the heaviert particles of a loose material from the lighter particles and dust
DE3301978A1 (de) * 1983-01-21 1984-07-26 Carl Schenck Ag, 6100 Darmstadt Verfahren zur trennung eines schuettgutgemisches und vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens
DE3706134A1 (de) * 1987-02-26 1988-09-08 Barth Maschf G W Windsichteinrichtung
US5019757A (en) * 1990-03-19 1991-05-28 General Electric Company Method and apparatus for controlling a blower motor in an air handling system to provide constant pressure

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
SOVIET INVENTIONS ILLUSTRATED Section PQ, Week D17, 3. Juni 1981 Derwent Publications Ltd., London, GB; Class P, AN D8071D/17 & SU-A-755 305 (UZB MIN FOOD IND.) 17. August 1980 *

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7893378B2 (en) 2004-08-10 2011-02-22 Mss, Inc. Materials recovery facility process optimization via unit operation feedback
WO2020151931A1 (fr) 2019-01-25 2020-07-30 Allmineral Aufbereitungstechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg Cribleur pneumatique doté d'un dispositif de mesure de pression
CN113301999A (zh) * 2019-01-25 2021-08-24 全矿物加工技术有限合伙公司 带有压力测量设备的风力跳汰机
US11691160B2 (en) 2019-01-25 2023-07-04 Allmineral Aufbereitungstechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg Air jigging machine having a pressure measuring device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0517022A3 (en) 1993-09-08
DE4118675A1 (de) 1992-12-10

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