EP0500024B1 - Relais à impulsion - Google Patents

Relais à impulsion Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0500024B1
EP0500024B1 EP92102622A EP92102622A EP0500024B1 EP 0500024 B1 EP0500024 B1 EP 0500024B1 EP 92102622 A EP92102622 A EP 92102622A EP 92102622 A EP92102622 A EP 92102622A EP 0500024 B1 EP0500024 B1 EP 0500024B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
relay
circuit
accordance
contact
bistable relay
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP92102622A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0500024A2 (fr
EP0500024A3 (en
Inventor
Wolfgang Huis
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Doepke & Co Schaltgeratefabrik & Co KG GmbH
Original Assignee
Doepke & Co Schaltgeratefabrik & Co KG GmbH
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Publication of EP0500024A2 publication Critical patent/EP0500024A2/fr
Publication of EP0500024A3 publication Critical patent/EP0500024A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0500024B1 publication Critical patent/EP0500024B1/fr
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
    • H01H47/22—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for supplying energising current for relay coil
    • H01H47/226—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for supplying energising current for relay coil for bistable relays

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a bistable relay with two coils for controlling and / or switching electrical components, the relay having the characteristic of a current impulse relay (remote switch) by at least one RC circuit consisting of a resistor and a capacitor, and wherein at least one changeover contact and a normally open contact, which is in the circuit of the components to be controlled or the working circuit to be controlled, are provided, and the two actuating coils move an armature which switches the normally open contact and the changeover contact, the RC circuit at the connection of the changeover contact, ie is connected to the movable switching arm thereof, and the outputs of the changeover contact are connected to the actuating coils of the relay in such a way that when the RC circuit is excited, the relay and thus the changeover contact and the make contact change over.
  • a current impulse relay remote switch
  • a bistable relay of this type is known from US-A-3 174 080.
  • a similar relay is also described in DE-A-31 17 375 in connection with FIG. 3.
  • Bistable relays with two coils for controlling and / or switching electrical components are well known and are available from various suppliers. When one coil is excited, the relay is switched to a switching state and when the other coil is excited to a second switching state. These switching states last as long as the excited coil remains in the excited state.
  • the aim of the present invention is to convert a bistable relay known per se in such a way that it has the characteristic of a current impulse relay, the relay having relatively small dimensions and therefore being inexpensive to implement.
  • the bistable relay should be suitable for installation purposes in which switching signals in the low-voltage range of the same polarity are used to trigger electrical control and switching processes, without the installation being susceptible to interference or sensitive to interference radiation, the installation system according to the invention using the relay should also be suitable for partially explosion-proof and firedamp-protected areas.
  • bistable relay of the type mentioned at the outset is developed according to the invention in such a way that at least one further RC circuit is connected to one of the outputs of the changeover contact.
  • the RC circuit on the movable switching arm of the changeover contact is used for the switchover function. If a DC control voltage is then applied to the input of this RC circuit via a conventional switch, for example a push button, the switch or the push button can be operated manually and, as will be explained in more detail in connection with the description of the figures, the operation of the switch leads each time to switch the bistable relay and therefore to sequential switching on and off of the normally open contact and therefore to switching operations in the working circuit connected to this normally open contact.
  • a conventional switch for example a push button
  • the normally open contact can be implemented as a normally closed or normally open contact or as a changeover contact.
  • a plurality of such work contacts can also be provided for a bistable relay, and when using a plurality of work contacts, these can be formed as desired from make contacts, break contacts or changeover contacts and can also be different from one another.
  • the input of the assigned RC circuit is referred to below as the button input.
  • the other RC circuits can be controlled either by a control pulse or, analogously to the first-mentioned RC circuit, by applying a DC control voltage.
  • One further RC circuit is assigned to a specific switching state of the relay or the normally open contact or the switched-on state or the switched-off state, while the other further RC circuit is assigned to the respective other state.
  • the input of the other RC circuit is thus referred to as the switch-on input and the input of the second further RC circuit is referred to as the switch-off input.
  • the control pulse or the control voltage for the two further RC circuits (or only one of them, if only such a further circuit is provided is) usually triggered by a microprocessor controller or by an electronic circuit or one or more manual keyboard (s).
  • a control pulse or a DC control voltage is applied to the switch-off input. This will turn off all the lights that are still on and all of the lights that are not on will remain off. I.e. in the case of those relays in which the normally open contacts are switched on, a switching operation is carried out in the switched-off state, while those relays which were already switched off remain switched off.
  • switch-on and / or switch-off control commands are triggered, for example, by an infrared remote control or by a separate input on a keyboard of a PC, or due to the special programming of a microprocessor or by operating a manual button.
  • the first RC circuit on the movable switching arm can be omitted.
  • the control can also be done via a manual button.
  • Circumstances could also be devised in which it would make sense to provide only an automatic control in the switched-on state in addition to the manual button input. For example, in the event of an accident, all lamps should be switched on to adequately illuminate escape routes.
  • the bistable relay according to the invention thus enables both manual and automatic and remote-controlled control of electrical consumer components and circuits by means of manual buttons or electronic circuits.
  • the invention is also based on the object of producing the bistable relay with relatively small dimensions and, at a low price, on account of the material savings which this entails.
  • the invention has a particular advantage.
  • the use of the RC circuit or the RC circuits means that the amount of energy consumed during a switching operation is not only small, but is also limited to a small amount by the specific design of the RC circuit in connection with the relay. This means that a small relay can be misused in the sense that a small relay designed for 5 V operation can actually be controlled with 24 V.
  • Another advantage of the design according to the invention is that the control of the bistable relay by means of contactor low voltage leads to the fact that, due to the low energy consumption, this type of control can also be used in potentially explosive areas, where normally only relatively expensive installation options are available. It is also advantageous in the case of relays according to the invention that the respective switchover is always carried out by a key pulse without reversing the polarity on the key pulse generator (key).
  • the frequency of the possible switching of the relay is essentially dependent on the discharge resistance which is parallel to the capacitor.
  • the resistance of the coils can also be used as a discharge resistor. In practice, however, switching can be carried out with a frequency which is so high that it does not imply any restriction in the practical application of the invention.
  • the switching of the relay depends on its specific design, the capacitor, the resistance, the voltage level and the current. As already mentioned, the relay is mostly operated with low contactor voltage, but higher voltages are possible if the components are designed accordingly. It is also essential that no spark is generated when the relay (pushbutton element) is activated.
  • the normally open contact can be used, for example, to directly control electrical consumers or to control further relay modules.
  • each RC circuit has a plurality of switching inputs, so that further switching inputs separated by diodes can be attached to the switching-off, switching-on and key inputs.
  • the RC circuits can be designed according to various principles, which are specified, for example, in claims 10 to 13.
  • the embodiment according to claim 14 is particularly advantageous, according to which the bistable relay is combined with a power supply.
  • the power supply unit can consist, for example, of a transformer and a bridge rectifier, the transformer supplying the mains voltage low voltage is transformed down and the bridge rectifier then rectifies and smoothes them.
  • the low DC control voltage which is required for operating the key input and, if applicable, the switch-on input and / or the switch-off input, is also generated by the network, so that a separate DC voltage supply is not necessary.
  • This control voltage can also be conducted via the make contact, for example if the bistable relay according to the invention is used to control the field winding of a load relay, as stated in claim 16.
  • Such a load relay could then actuate a switch in the circuit from the mains supply to a consumer.
  • Another light-emitting diode with resistor enables the excitation status of the load relay to be checked.
  • the possibilities according to claims 14 to 18 are particularly suitable for installation in an installation box, specified in claim 19, so that a conventional installation can be converted to an installation using the bistable relays according to the invention without extreme effort.
  • the necessary control DC power lines can namely be created with such a small cross-section that they can be guided invisibly below or above a wallpaper or around door frames or along skirting boards with the least effort, and without wall slots first having to be cut.
  • FIG. 1 shows a bistable relay 10, which consists of two coils 12 and 14 with a common armature 16 which can optionally be actuated by the two coils 12 and 14. If the coil 12 is energized, the armature 16 moves downward, but when the coil 14 is excited, the armature moves in the upward direction in FIG. 1.
  • the bistable relay is also equipped with a normally open contact 18 and with a changeover contact 20.
  • the working contact 18 can also consist of an alternating contact or of several individual contacts.
  • a relay of the type just described is a commercially available component and can be purchased, for example, from Siemens under the name of small relay V23042 B1201 B1015V. A small relay is available under this name, which is normally designed for a control voltage of 5 V. However, the present invention makes it possible to control this relay designed for 5 V with, for example, 24 V, without this type of control damaging the relay.
  • the circuit according to the invention of this relay which is known per se, is now explained in more detail below.
  • the relay has a total of at least 9 terminals, which are labeled 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32, 34, 36, 38 here.
  • the terminal 22 is first connected to the terminal 38 and these two terminals are grounded.
  • the earth clamp is marked with the letter A.
  • the terminal 24 is connected to the terminal 32 of the changeover contact 20 while the terminal 30 of the changeover contact 20 is connected to the coil terminal 36.
  • the movable switching arm 40 of the changeover contact 20 which is electrically connected to the terminal 34, is controlled via an RC circuit which consists of the capacitor 42 and a resistor 44.
  • the capacitor 42 is applied to the terminal 34 and connected to the one lead of the resistor 44 at a further terminal 46.
  • the other lead of resistor 44 is connected at 48 to the connecting line between terminals 38 and 22.
  • This RC circuit 42, 44 is controlled by a keying pulse from a voltage source with 24 V in this example.
  • the relay 10 is used to switch off a lamp 52 which is supplied by the AC network.
  • the L 1 conductor of the network is connected to the terminal, while the MP conductor leads to the lamp 52.
  • the other terminal of the lamp 52 is connected to the terminal B, which is internally connected to the terminal 28 of the normally open contact 18.
  • the circuit described so far works as follows: By closing the switch 50, the terminal 46 is supplied with 24 V voltage, as a result of which the capacitor 42 is charged in a flash and a current flows through the coil 14 via the terminal 34, via the switching arm 40 and via the terminal 30, which current causes the armature 16 attracts and closes the normally open contact 18 so that the lamp 52 lights up because a current of L 1 flows through the lamp 52 to the MP conductor via the terminal B, the terminal 28, the switching arm of the normally open contact 18, the terminal 26 and the terminal G .
  • the current flowing through the coil 14 flows via the terminal A to ground.
  • the charging of the capacitor is ended after a short time, so that no more current flows through the coil 14 because the capacitor is fully charged, ie is in saturation.
  • the tightening of the armature ie the encircling of the relay, also has the consequence that the movable switching arm 40 of the changeover contact 20 has been moved into the position shown by the broken line. Since the capacitor 42 is fully charged, no current flows through the terminal 32, so that the coil 12 is not energized. If the switch 50 is still closed, for example because a person is still pressing it, this has no effect on the switching state of the Relay; only a small current flows through resistor 44 to ground. If, on the other hand, the person has released the switch 50 so that it is opened again, the capacitor 42 discharges via the resistor 44 and the coil 12.
  • the capacitor 42 is recharged and a current flows through the movable switching arm 40 of the changeover contact 20 and the terminal 32 through the coil 12, so that the relay switches again.
  • the normally open contact 18 is opened, the lamp 42 goes out and the switching arm of the changeover contact 20 jumps back to the terminal 30.
  • the switch 50 remains closed again, a small current flows back to ground via the resistor 44. If the switch 50 is released, the capacitor 42 discharges this time via the resistor 44 and the coil 14.
  • the switch 50 does not have to be pressed by one person.
  • Another control circuit could, for example, apply a switching pulse to terminal D, which causes the relay to switch in the same way.
  • the duration of the pulse is unlimited upwards, but downwards an adequate energy supply of the coil to be excited must be ensured.
  • This minimum length of the switching pulse can be, for example, approximately 70 to 100 msec. This is absolutely sufficient for all conventional processes.
  • this minimum length of the switching pulse is advantageous. While semiconductor control circuits are sensitive to interference, radiation, etc., which arise from switching large loads, the relay according to the invention is very insensitive to such interference, because the associated with it Recorded interference energy would not be sufficient to switch the relay.
  • the freewheeling diodes 54 and 56 are parallel to the respective coils 12 and 14, respectively.
  • the freewheeling diodes are polarized so that they do not let any current through when the respective coil is energized, but they prevent inductive voltages from occurring during the switching processes and greatly impairing the service life of the switching contacts due to arcing, etc.
  • the freewheeling diodes prevent the generation of high-frequency interference radiation, which is always undesirable.
  • FIG. 2 again shows the basic design as already shown in FIG. 1, but with two further RC circuits and an additional monitoring circuit that can be used optionally.
  • the further RC circuit consisting of the capacitor 58 and the resistor 60, which has the input terminal C, is connected to the terminal 30.
  • the third RC circuit which consists of the capacitor 62 and the resistor 64, is connected in an identical manner to the further terminal 32 of the changeover contact 20 and has the input terminal.
  • the RC circuit 58, 60 represents a "switch-on" which, by applying a voltage to the terminal C, always results in the normally open contact 18 being switched on.
  • the mode of operation corresponds entirely to the described mode of operation of the first RC circuit 42, 44 when the Relay from the switching state of the changeover contact 20 drawn with a solid line to the switching state shown with a dashed line.
  • the third RC circuit 62, 64 represents a "switch-off" which, when a control voltage is applied to the terminal E, leads to the opening of the normally open contact 18, the movable leg 40 of the changeover contact 20 again being brought into the position shown by the solid line.
  • the relay according to the invention can be conveniently switched on and off by an electronic control.
  • this electronic circuit is in the form of a PC
  • an existing lamp for example corresponding to lamp 52 in FIG. 1
  • Such a controller could of course only work with terminal D, but this is more complicated, especially if several switching relays are to be actuated at the same time in order to achieve a certain effect, for example switching off all the lamps in a building at the same time, as the desired occurrence Off state is only achieved if the respective consumer was previously all switched on.
  • a control lamp can be provided to show the switching status, which should be connected to terminal F.
  • the terminal F is namely connected via the resistor 66, for example.
  • the resistor 66 works, for example, together with the filament of the control lamp or with an LED as a voltage distributor and ensures that the control lamp or the LED gets the right tension.
  • the load circuit is described as a single-phase AC circuit in the examples described so far, the load circuit can be designed as desired.
  • the load circuit could also be a DC circuit, for example with a 24 or 12 V operating voltage.
  • the monitoring circuit for the switching state of the relay can be implemented by means of an LED 68 which is connected to the terminal 38 and is connected to the switched output line of the load circuit via a series resistor 70.
  • the resistor 70 functions as a current and voltage limitation for the LED 68.
  • a further possibility would be to attach the monitoring circuit to further working contacts of the relay, if there are any.
  • FIG. 2 shows a modified arrangement of FIG. 1, in which the three resistors 44, 60 and 64 are each connected in parallel to the respective capacitor 42, 58 and 62.
  • Such a circuit arrangement is also possible in principle in the previous embodiment of FIG. 1.
  • This parallel connection does not change the operation of the bistable relay, ie the switching thereof, but the capacitors 42, 58 and 62 discharge now directly through the respective resistor 44, 60, 64.
  • this modified circuit arrangement leads to different values for the capacitors and resistors.
  • capacitors 42, 58, 62 with a capacitance of 1 F at a nominal voltage of 24 V or more are advantageously used.
  • Resistors 44, 60 and 64 each have a resistance of 11 kOhm.
  • Fig. 3 largely corresponds to the embodiment of Fig. 2, but shows that the switching on and off of several inputs separated by means of diodes is possible.
  • relay 10 can be switched on by one of the inputs C1, C2, C3, C4 ... Cn.
  • the provision of several such inputs is particularly advantageous if one links several such switching relays to one another and the control circuit or circuits of different combinations of switching states should or should be determined.
  • FIG. 4 shows a relay assembly 98 which can be used, for example, in a conventional circuit box.
  • This module is controlled by a low-voltage voltage source and is used to control larger loads such as fan heaters, incandescent lamps, electric motors, which are controlled by protective low voltage.
  • This assembly contains the following basic parts, namely: a voltage supply which is identified by 100, a bistable relay circuit, for example as shown in FIG. 2 and here identified by reference numeral 102, and by a load relay part 104 which is provided by the normally open contact 18 of the bistable relay is controlled.
  • the two conventional power lines L1 and MP are applied to the input terminals of the voltage supply part 100.
  • This voltage supply consists of a transformer 106, which transforms the input voltage down, for example from 220 V to 24 V.
  • This alternating voltage is then applied to a bridge rectifier 108, the output of which is smoothed and stabilized by means of the capacitor 110, serves to supply the bistable relay part 102 with voltage.
  • the normally open contact 18 of the bistable relay 10 serves to supply power to the excitation winding of the load relay 112 of the load relay part 104. When the normally open contact 18 is closed, the coil of the load relay 112 is thus activated and the switch 114 associated therewith, which is in the circuit of the consumer, here in the form of a Lamp 42 is arranged closed.
  • This circuit is in turn connected to the network conductors MP and L1.
  • the switches shown at terminals C, D, and E can be designed in different ways. For example, they can be replaced with all electronically evaluated circuits, so that control via remote control or from a PC is possible.
  • the switch shown at terminal D, or else the switch shown at terminals C and E can also be manual switches.
  • a particular advantage of the present invention is that the inputs C, D and E can be controlled from several different command transmitters and in this case the bistable relay part 102 would have to be replaced with the circuit according to FIG. 3.
  • the consumer represents a lamp 52, which 1. should be switched on in the dark, 2. when motion is detected, 3. if desired by manual actuation of a switch and 4. at certain times of the day, instead of terminal C, terminals C1, C2, C3 and C4 used according to FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 4 also shows an additional control lamp in the form of a further LED 116, which indicates the switching state of the load relay 112.
  • the LED 116 is closed via a resistor 118 for current or voltage limitation parallel to the field winding of the column 120 of the load relay 112.
  • the load relay 112 also has a free-wheeling diode 122, which has the same function as the free-wheeling diodes 54, 56 of the bistable relay 10.
  • FIG. 5 now shows how different relay modules, for example according to FIG. 4, can be combined to form an entire system.
  • the installation example shows ten individual bistable relays M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, T, U and V, which are connected to a control center 124.
  • Each of the bistable relays is provided with several separate inputs, i.e. 3, but for the purpose of illustration, the terminals E1, E2, E3 and D1, D2, D3 have been interchanged in the order as shown at the top in FIG. 5 with the aid of a sketch.
  • the control center is shown here as a key with the reference number 124.
  • Line 126 is a DC control line connected to the D1 terminal of each relay.
  • Each relay has a push button 50, corresponding to the push button or switch 50 of FIG. 1. By depressing one or more of the buttons 50 in FIG. 5, the corresponding relay or the corresponding relays are switched over, ie switched on or off , depending on which switching status prevailed before.
  • the control center 124 also has a button 128 which is connected via a line 130 to the terminal E1 of all relays M to V. By closing the key 128 all relays or relay modules M to V are switched on, so that all consumers switched by the relays can be switched on at the same time.
  • switch 132 is connected via line 134 to terminal C1 of each relay or assembly M through V. By closing switch 132, all relays can thus be switched off together. For example, if you leave the house and close switch 132, all the lights go out.
  • Switch 136 is connected via line 138 to terminals E2 of relays M, O, P, Q, T and V. By closing this switch, it is therefore possible to switch on only those consumers which are controlled by the relays mentioned. For example, it could be all of the lighting on the ground floor.
  • switch 140 is connected to relays N, R, S, T, U and V via line 142. By closing the switch 140, those loads which are controlled by the relays or by the relay modules N, R, S, T, U and V are thus switched off at the same time. This function would be useful, for example, if homeowners want to leave one evening but still want lights to stay on in strategic places.
  • the switch 144 which is connected via the line 146 to the key inputs D2 of all relays, enables a total control of all relay modules by means of a surge circuit. It would be, for example conceivable to equip a house with a Burglar alarm, after which after triggering the Burglar alarm, the switch 144 is actuated periodically in order to periodically switch all the lamps in the house on and off in order to give an optical intrusion warning.
  • control center 124 can be implemented as a programmable microprocessor, and in this case the switches 128, 132, 134, 140 and 144 are not formed by physical switches, but in the form of switched outputs of the microprocessor or microcomputer . These outputs can be implemented as serial interfaces, for example.
  • FIG. 6 shows how a relay module 102 according to FIG. 4 can be integrated in a house installation system.
  • the house is connected to the grid by means of a utility connection box with the reference number 150.
  • the current flows from the house connection box into the electrical system via meters in the main distribution box 152, to which fuse elements and protective circuits 154 are connected.
  • the alternating current flows via the individual fuses or contactors in the fuse box 154 to the individual consumers 52 via respective relay modules 102 (only one shown), each of which corresponds to part 102 of FIG. 4.
  • the DC power supply is not integrated in the relay module, but is in a control center, which can stand next to the securing elements, for example.
  • a separate DC control line 156 is thus provided, which leads from a common power supply 100 to the individual relay modules 102. This line can also be made very small because the power consumption is in the milliampere range.
  • a control element 158 which receives its power supply from the power pack 100 via line 160, controls the relay module (102) via line 162.
  • the controls that can be used can be different. For example, they can consist of any number of keyboards, motion detectors, brightness controls, sensor dimmers, twilight switches, light barriers, temperature switches, timers, infrared remote controls. Several different controls can be connected to each relay assembly 102.
  • the power supply unit 100 can also be integrated into the relay module (s), just as in the example in FIG. 4.
  • the control center 124 could be provided, for example next to the fuse elements 154, which are connected via several lines (for example corresponding to the lines) 130, 134, 138, 142, 146 of FIG.
  • control center which in this case best comprises a microcomputer which evaluates the sensor signals and sends the corresponding switching signals to the relay modules 102.
  • control center which in this case best comprises a microcomputer which evaluates the sensor signals and sends the corresponding switching signals to the relay modules 102.
  • various commands, time controls and possibly links of relay modules can be entered for different purposes using a keyboard. In some cases, for example with a sensor element that should switch on the lamp when a minimum light intensity in a room is reached, it makes sense to to connect this sensor element directly to the assigned relay module or to integrate it into it.
  • FIG. 7 shows a circuit similar to FIG. 3, but which in this case is intended as a DC load circuit.
  • a direct current load circuit it is important to be able to recognize the switch position not only with the LED 68 located near the bistable relay 10, but also at a location remote from the relay, usually at the location where the switch-on terminals D and C are arranged.
  • this additional switching position detection is achieved by means of only one additional wire, as will be explained in more detail below.
  • the circuit according to FIG. 7 uses a transistor 166 in order to lead a negative voltage to the terminal H, which is arranged away from the component, but only if a positive voltage is applied to the terminal G. Such a positive voltage is only available at terminal G if the bistable relay has assumed the corresponding switch position.
  • the transistor 166 is connected with its emitter to a part of the assembly carrying a negative voltage and the base of the Transistor 166 is driven by series resistor 164.
  • the negative voltage at the emitter of NPN transistor 166 is led out to terminal H via a single wire when the transistor is driven via series resistor 164 in the presence of a positive voltage at terminal G.
  • a display device for example an LED, can then be used between the terminal H and any other suitable terminal at the location of the desired switch position detection (possibly with a corresponding series resistor.
  • This particular circuit can of course also be used in the circuit according to FIG. 4) instead of the two wires that are required there to drive the LED 116.
  • Terminal F can then be used as a control terminal to control relay 120 with a simple on / off switch or with key impulses. If, for example, an automatic roller shutter is to be moved up or down, one can take a module according to FIG. 4 for moving up and a second module according to FIG. 4 for driving down.
  • the key inputs E, D and C of the two modules can be via Diodes are linked together so that the roller shutters can be moved up or down completely by means of tactile pulses.
  • the switches that are attached to the terminals F can then be used to control an intermediate position of the respective roller shutter, ie a middle position between completely up or completely down.
  • Another peculiarity of the system according to the invention has general validity, i.e. in all embodiments, is that even in the event of a fault in one or more of the provided inputs, any input that is still functional can continue to be used.
  • the faulty input in this case the stuck button, does not cause any faults if the resistance of the RC control circuit is chosen to be sufficiently high, typically in the range from 1.2 k ⁇ . With such a dimensioning of the resistances of the RC circuit, holding the corresponding buttons also does not lead to any unwanted interference.

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  • Relay Circuits (AREA)
  • Amplifiers (AREA)
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging Apparatus (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
  • Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)
  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)

Claims (23)

  1. Relais bistable (10) comprenant deux bobines d'actionnement (12, 14) pour commander et/ou commuter des composants électriques (52 ; 104), dans lequel le relais présente, grâce à au moins un circuit RC (44, 42) constitué d'une résistance et d'un condensateur, la caractéristique d'un relais à impulsions de courant (commutateur à distance), et dans lequel sont prévus au moins un contact d'inversion (20) et un contact de travail (18), qui est situé dans le circuit des composants ou du circuit de travail à commander, et les deux bobines d'actionnement déplacent une armature (16) qui commute le contact de travail (18) et le contact d'inversion (20), le circuit RC (44, 42) étant branché à la borne (34) du contact d'inversion (20), c'est-à-dire sur le bras de commutation mobile de celui-ci, et les sorties (30, 32) du contact d'inversion étant raccordées aux bobines d'actionnement (12, 14) du relais de telle manière que lors de l'excitation du circuit RC, le relais est commuté, et avec lui le contact d'inversion (20) et le contact de travail (18),
    caractérisé en ce que
    au moins un autre circuit RC (60, 58 ; 64, 62) est raccordé à l'une des sorties (30 ou 32) du contact d'inversion (20).
  2. Relais bistable selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que, additionnellement au premier circuit RC (44, 42) raccordé au bras de commutation mobile du contact d'inversion (20), ou à la place de ce circuit RC (44, 42), il est prévu un circuit RC respectif (60, 58 ; 64, 62) raccordé aux deux sorties du contact d'inversion (20).
  3. Relais bistable selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les deux bobines (12, 14) sont raccordées, ou peuvent être raccordées, conjointement à la masse aux extrémités (22, 38) éloignées du contact d'inversion (20).
  4. Relais bistable selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le ou chaque circuit RC (44, 42 ; 60, 88, 64, 62) comporte plusieurs entrées (D1 - Dn ; C1 - Cn ; E1 - En), lesquelles sont de préférence séparées les unes des autres, par exemple au moyen d'une ou de plusieurs diodes.
  5. Relais bistable selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu une diode luminescente (68) et une résistance préalable (70) pour reconnaître la position de commutation du contact de travail (18).
  6. Relais bistable selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le contact de travail (18) est réalisé sous forme d'un contact à ouverture ou d'un contact à fermeture, ou bien encore d'un contact à inversion.
  7. Relais bistable selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le condensateur est raccordé sur le bras de commutation mobile du contact d'inversion (20), et la résistance (44) est raccordée entre la ligne de masse et le côté du condensateur opposé au bras de commutation, c'est-à-dire le côté où le signal correspondant pour le basculement du relais peut être appliqué.
  8. Relais bistable selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que dans l'autre circuit RC, ou les autres circuits RC, le condensateur (58, 62) est raccordé à la sortie associée (30, 32) du contact d'inversion (20), et la résistance (60, 64) est raccordée entre la ligne de masse et le côté du condensateur (58, 62) opposé au bras de commutation, c'est-à-dire le côté où le signal correspondant pour le basculement du relais peut être appliqué.
  9. Relais bistable selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le condensateur (42) du premier circuit RC (44, 42) est raccordé au bras de commutation mobile du contact d'inversion (20), et la résistance (44) est raccordée via le condensateur, c'est-à-dire parallèlement à celui-ci.
  10. Relais bistable selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que dans l'autre circuit RC, ou dans les autres circuits RC, le condensateur (58, 62) est raccordé à la sortie associée (30, 32) du contact d'inversion (20), et la résistance (60, 64) est raccordée via le condensateur (58, 62) c'est-à-dire parallèlement à celui-ci.
  11. Relais bistable selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il est combiné à une unité d'alimentation (100) pour sa propre alimentation en courant.
  12. Relais bistable selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que l'alimentation en courant est constituée par un transformateur (106) alimenté par la tension du réseau, et un redresseur à pont (128), dont les deux sorties sont raccordées à la ligne de masse et au contact de travail, et dans lequel la tension de sortie du redresseur à pont est de préférence lissée.
  13. Relais bistable selon l'une ou l'autre des revendications 11 et 12, caractérisé en ce que le contact de travail (18) commande le circuit d'excitation d'un relais de charge (112).
  14. Relais bistable selon la revendication 16, caractérisé en ce que le relais de charge (120) commande un commutateur (114) pour un dispositif utilisateur situé dans le circuit du réseau.
  15. Relais bistable selon l'une ou l'autre des revendications 13 ou 14, caractérisé par une autre diode luminescente (116) avec une résistance préalable (118) pour surveiller l'état d'excitation du relais de charge.
  16. Relais bistable selon l'une quelconque des revendications 11 à 15, caractérisé en ce que des parties (100;112;114;116; 118) du relais avec l'unité d'alimentation associées au relais sont intégrées dans une prise d'installation ou sont agencées de manière décentralisée.
  17. Relais bistable selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu un récepteur de télécommande, raccordé au premier circuit RC (44, 42) ou à l'un au moins des autres circuits RC (44, 42 ; 60, 88 ; 64, 62), ledit récepteur pouvant être commandé par un émetteur de télécommande, par exemple un émetteur de télécommande à infrarouge, et qui applique la tension nécessaire ou les impulsions de commande nécessaires au circuit RC.
  18. Relais bistable selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le premier circuit RC (44, 42) et/ou les autres circuits RC (60 ; 88 ; 64, 62) sont raccordés ou peuvent être raccordés à une commande à microprocesseur.
  19. Relais bistable selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'inversion respective se produit par des impulsions de polarités de même signe sur le premier circuit RC (44, 42).
  20. Relais bistable selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les circuits RC (44, 42 ; 60, 58 ; 64, 62) sont conçus de telle façon, en particulier grâce au choix de la résistance, qu'en cas de branchement défectueux d'une ou de deux des entrées (C, D, E), provoqué par un dérangement, chaque entrée encore capable de fonctionner reste utilisable.
  21. Relais bistable selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que, dans un circuit de charge à courant continu (figure 7) il est prévu une reconnaissance de la position de commutation.
  22. Relais bistable selon la revendication 21, caractérisé en ce que la reconnaissance de la position de commutation est constituée par un transistor (166) raccordé par un émetteur à une pièce qui fait passer un potentiel négatif, dont la base est raccordée via une résistance préalable (164) à la tension positive du contact de travail commuté (18), et dont le collecteur est raccordé à une borne de sortie (H), ou respectivement à la borne d'une diode électroluminescente qui indique la position de commutation.
  23. Relais bistable (10) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 22, caractérisé en ce qu'une diode (54, 56) est branchée en parallèle à chacune des deux bobines d'actionnement (12, 14), et en ce que les diodes sont respectivement polarisées de telle manière qu'elles ne laissent passer aucun courant lors de l'excitation de la bobine d'actionnement respective.
EP92102622A 1991-02-18 1992-02-17 Relais à impulsion Expired - Lifetime EP0500024B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4104940 1991-02-18
DE4104940 1991-02-18
DE4204462 1992-02-14
DE4204462A DE4204462A1 (de) 1991-02-18 1992-02-14 Stromstossrelais

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0500024A2 EP0500024A2 (fr) 1992-08-26
EP0500024A3 EP0500024A3 (en) 1993-03-24
EP0500024B1 true EP0500024B1 (fr) 1996-10-02

Family

ID=25901126

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92102622A Expired - Lifetime EP0500024B1 (fr) 1991-02-18 1992-02-17 Relais à impulsion

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Country Link
EP (1) EP0500024B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE143746T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE4204462A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2096668T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008003596A1 (de) * 2008-01-09 2009-07-23 Panasonic Electric Works Europe Ag Schalteinrichtung und Verfahren zum Einschalten eines Elektrogeräts
DE102008057042B4 (de) * 2008-11-12 2013-03-28 Waldemar Stach Stromsparende Sensorschaltung

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3174080A (en) * 1961-06-12 1965-03-16 Lockheed Aircraft Corp Relay flip-flop
AT303197B (de) * 1970-07-02 1972-11-10 Siemens Ag Oesterreich Relaissteuereinrichtung
EP0040339B1 (fr) * 1980-05-17 1985-08-07 Dieter Christiansen Installation de lumière à commande centrale, comprenant un grand nombre de points lumineux individuels et enclenchables individuellement ainsi que des éléments de distribution et des commutateurs individuels de lumière
DE3117375A1 (de) * 1981-05-02 1982-11-18 Albert 8070 Ingolstadt Niefnecker Relaisschaltung
EP0103040B1 (fr) * 1982-09-14 1986-01-15 BROWN, BOVERI & CIE Aktiengesellschaft Interrupteur à télécommande avec un circuit électronique de réception et de contrôle

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59207275D1 (de) 1996-11-07
ES2096668T3 (es) 1997-03-16
ATE143746T1 (de) 1996-10-15
EP0500024A2 (fr) 1992-08-26
EP0500024A3 (en) 1993-03-24
DE4204462A1 (de) 1992-08-20

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