EP0486750A2 - Train de forage dirigé - Google Patents

Train de forage dirigé Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0486750A2
EP0486750A2 EP91106101A EP91106101A EP0486750A2 EP 0486750 A2 EP0486750 A2 EP 0486750A2 EP 91106101 A EP91106101 A EP 91106101A EP 91106101 A EP91106101 A EP 91106101A EP 0486750 A2 EP0486750 A2 EP 0486750A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
boring bar
target
measuring
inclination
control
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP91106101A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0486750A3 (en
Inventor
Klaus-Dieter Schwidder
Udo Weber
Paul Braun
Heinz Wallussek
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bergwerksverband GmbH
Schwing Hydraulik Elektronik GmbH and Co
Original Assignee
Bergwerksverband GmbH
Schwing Hydraulik Elektronik GmbH and Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bergwerksverband GmbH, Schwing Hydraulik Elektronik GmbH and Co filed Critical Bergwerksverband GmbH
Publication of EP0486750A2 publication Critical patent/EP0486750A2/fr
Publication of EP0486750A3 publication Critical patent/EP0486750A3/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/04—Directional drilling
    • E21B7/06—Deflecting the direction of boreholes
    • E21B7/062—Deflecting the direction of boreholes the tool shaft rotating inside a non-rotating guide travelling with the shaft
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/02—Determining slope or direction
    • E21B47/022—Determining slope or direction of the borehole, e.g. using geomagnetism

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a target boring bar according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such target boring bars are set up to control rotating bores and in particular bores according to the rotary method, generally vertically downwards, but also occasionally vertically upwards, so that they do not deviate from the predefined drilling direction, which generally corresponds to the vertical .
  • a target boring bar forms a drill pipe, which is usually installed as the last drill pipe in front of the drill bit in the drill string and, with the help of the hydraulic drives, transmits correction torques to the drilling tool, which cancel out the forces that deflect the drilling tool and thus the drilling from the drilling direction .
  • such a target boring bar can be realized with a pair of concentric tubes, of which the inner tube forms the drilling shaft, which is connected to the drilling tool and the drill pipe in a rotationally fixed manner, while the concentrically outer tube is rotatably mounted on the drilling shaft and has pivotable control strips that are supported on the borehole joints. These control strips are acted upon by the hydraulic drives, the reaction forces of which cause the correction moments on the drilling tool.
  • the invention relates in particular to the measuring and control systems required to control such target boring bars, which ensure that the boring follows the predetermined drilling direction.
  • at least two measuring and control systems which are effective in a plane offset from one another by a semicircle, are required to ensure sufficient accuracy in compliance with the predefined drilling direction, a pair of in each measuring plane in the exemplary embodiment of the target boring bar described above Control strips, the correction moments of which are opposite to each other, are arranged. In this way, all deviations on the drilling tool that occur within a full circle about the drilling axis can be corrected.
  • a prerequisite is a measuring and control system that detects the deviations from the controlled variable with sufficient temporal and absolute accuracy and converts them into corresponding manipulated variables on the hydraulic drives, which usually have plunger pistons that act on the control strips.
  • the structure of a target boring bar described above is basically known from DBP 30 00 239.
  • electrical inclinometers are used as inclinometers, which are offset by 90 ° to one another.
  • Such an inclinometer can consist, for example, of a spirit level filled with mercury, which moves in a curved tube, which is closed at both ends, and serves as a contactor which interacts with contacts which are alternately closed or opened by the mercury filling.
  • such and similar electrical sensors lead to Inaccuracies in the controlled system and thus to intolerable deviations from the specified drilling direction.
  • the manipulated variables cannot be displayed in real time with the measured variables and passed on to the hydraulic drives.
  • There are also incorrect controls which act on the drill string due to the mechanical loads on the measuring system during normal drilling operations and which can take on orders of magnitude which close the contacts even though there is no control deviation.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a target boring bar of the known general construction, which adheres to the predetermined drilling direction practically error-free even with large boreholes.
  • the measuring system and the controlled systems of each inclination controller are designed electronically, ie, in contrast to previously known electrical designs, the control variables are based on the interaction of electrons. Therefore the decisive control impulse can be from an acceleration mass generated and converted into the manipulated variables in real time.
  • the measurement signal which contains the vibrations of the drill pipe and is also falsified by the temperatures rising in large depths due to the geothermal depth, is filtered, so that the measurement signal created behind the filter only has the control deviation from the setpoint contains, ie the size of the angle that the axis of the drill pipe includes with the predetermined, ie generally perpendicular drilling direction.
  • This signal is given the correct sign to the window discriminator after it has been amplified accordingly.
  • electrical manipulated variables are formed in the power output stages designed as three-point controllers, the value of which is determined according to the control window and assumes either zero or a specific variable to the right or left.
  • the power output stages form electrical manipulated variables with which the control valves for acting on the plunger cylinders can be controlled.
  • the invention has the advantage that, due to the electronic design, even the smallest control deviations lead to the formation of control variables with which a correction of the drilling direction is brought about in real time.
  • This type of control especially of deep holes, ensures an absolutely straight course of the hole in the specified drilling direction, regardless of the disturbance variables acting on the rod and the drilling tool, which cannot be achieved if the manipulated variables are formed from the relevant measurement signals with a time delay .
  • the described filtering of the measured variables makes the in the invention Control signals independent of the disturbance variables, which act on the acceleration mass delivering the measurement signal.
  • Deep drilling i.e. Orders of magnitude that can no longer be mastered, which is the case at depths of approx. 4,000 m and more, depending on the nature of the mountains, can be achieved with the target boring bar according to the invention, because the measurement errors in the filter are also suppressed by the inevitable heating of the drilling fluid and the surrounding drilling equipment occur due to the geothermal depth.
  • Another advantage of the invention is that in particular the component which has the electronics can be miniaturized.
  • the parts of the measuring and control system have to be accommodated in the small wall thickness of the concentrically outer tube of the target boring bar, which has often led to failure due to external influences due to the lack of space in electrical design.
  • the power requirement is also lower, which leads to the downsizing of the generator, which is used to generate electricity and must also be installed in the target boring bar.
  • the measuring range is expedient of the measuring system adjusted to these control deviations.
  • claim 2 gives a practical dimensioning.
  • the measuring range is limited to only approx. 120 angular minutes with a resolution and repeatability of the measurement signals of approx. 1 angular minute, the absolute measuring accuracy being approx. 3 angular minutes.
  • control window can either be designed asymmetrically or symmetrically according to the angle minutes.
  • expedient orders of magnitude are given in claims 3 and 4.
  • Fig. 1 the mechanical structure of the target boring bar is shown.
  • the deepest of the borehole is the shaft end (1) of a concentrically inner tube (2), which has a receptacle (3) for a borehole bit, not shown, which is non-rotatably connected to the shaft end (1).
  • a concentrically outer tube (3) is rotatably mounted on the shaft (2).
  • the shaft (2) has a cylindrical channel (4) for supplying the downward flow of the drilling fluid to the receptacle (3) and thus to the drill bit.
  • the mechanical parts with which the correction of the drilling direction is effected are accommodated in the concentrically outer tube.
  • Each Control bar has at one end a connecting joint (6) which connects it to the concentrically outer tube (3) and is controlled by two pairs (7, 8) of plungers (9 or 10; 11 or 12), the cylinders of which are vertical to the longitudinal axis (12) of the target boring bar (14) in the outer tube (3).
  • correction moments can be applied to each side in the plane described.
  • Correction planes running perpendicular to the plane of the drawing are correspondingly effective, so that any disturbing variable deflecting the drilling tool can be compensated for by correction moments.
  • An electric motor is accommodated in a recess (15) of the concentrically outer tube (3), and its shaft is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to a pump which is accommodated in a subsequent recess (16) and which generates the hydraulic operating pressure for the plunger cylinders. Pump and motor are shown in the hydraulic circuit diagram of Fig. 3 at (17 and 18).
  • An electric motor (19) which is accommodated in a tender (20) of the target boring bar (14), is used for the power supply is.
  • the tender is formed by a further, concentrically outer tube (21) which is screwed to the tube (3), as shown at (22), and is thus connected to the latter in a rotationally fixed manner.
  • the other end (23) of the shaft (2) emerges from the end of the tender and has a receptacle (24) for non-rotatable screwing with the subsequent linkage (26).
  • the end of the tube (3) assigned to the tender (21) has guides (25) which limit the pivoting out of the control strips (5 or 6).
  • a board is accommodated, which is shown at (28) in Fig. 2.
  • the recess (27) also serves to accommodate the other electronic and electrical switching elements for the plunger (9-12).
  • An inclination sensor (29, 30) with its complete signal processing is accommodated in the measuring planes described above for each pair of plunger pistons. This creates a redundancy for each control bar, which ensures that an immediate removal of the target boring bar is not required in the event of a failure of a measuring and control system, which is associated with deep drilling with the pulling of the rod and therefore a lot of effort.
  • Each sensor essentially consists of an acceleration mass, which permanently detects the inclination of the measuring system (31, 32) housed in the relevant plane. This makes it possible to simultaneously capture all disturbance variables in each of the two measurement planes, which lead to a deviation from the specified device. Since there are two measuring systems in each measuring level, it is sufficient it to explain the duplicate electronics using the plunger (9, 10).
  • the signal permanently generated by the inclination sensor (29) is applied to a low-pass filter (33).
  • the filtered signal thus represents the controlled variable that is given to a signal amplifier (34).
  • the inclination measuring system has a resolution and repeat accuracy according to the illustrated embodiment of approximately 1 angular minute and an absolute measuring accuracy of approximately 3 angular minutes.
  • the amplified signal reaches a window discriminator (35), which evaluates the inclination signal with the correct sign and then controls the two power output stages (36, 37). This is done in the form of a three-point controller, with the correction window having approximately 3.5 angular minutes.
  • This control window can optionally be asymmetrical with approx. + 2.5 / approx. - 1 angular minute or symmetrical with approx. + 1.75 / approx. - 1.75 angular minutes.
  • the PWM-modulated output stages (36 and 37) control the loading of the plunger (9, 10) individually with a certain current / time profile via directional valves (38, 39), in that the directional valves control the plunger cylinders via the hydraulic operating circuit.
  • FIG. 3 differs from that of FIG. 2 in that only one solenoid valve (y1-y4) is then assigned to each plunger pair and the cylinders are connected in series.
  • the PWM modulated output stages (36 and 37) control the magnets of these 2/2-way valves, which are spring-loaded.
  • the cylinders of the plungers (9, 10 and 10, 11), which are housed in a recess in the outer tube (3), which are designated as chambers (1-4) in the circuit diagram in FIG. 3, are hydraulically connected to one another , whereby the plungers (9, 10 or 10, 11) extend or retract at the same time.
  • the directional valves (y1-y4) are acted upon via ring channels which are identified by (T) for tank and (P) for pump, but are not entered in FIG. 1.
  • the hydraulic pressure generator has a pressure booster (40).
  • This contains a spring-loaded piston (41), the underside (42) of which is subjected to the regulated operating pressure of the pump (18).
  • the opposite side of the piston (43) is supported on the spring (44), which in turn is acted upon by a membrane (45) which is exposed to the pressure of the rising washing liquid.
  • the arrangement therefore acts in such a way that the pressure of the rising flushing liquid increases the pressure in the hydraulic control line (46) with which the plunger cylinders are acted upon.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geophysics (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
EP19910106101 1990-11-23 1991-04-17 Target-directed drilling rod Withdrawn EP0486750A3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4037262 1990-11-23
DE19904037262 DE4037262C2 (de) 1990-11-23 1990-11-23 Zielbohrstange

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0486750A2 true EP0486750A2 (fr) 1992-05-27
EP0486750A3 EP0486750A3 (en) 1992-10-28

Family

ID=6418776

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19910106101 Withdrawn EP0486750A3 (en) 1990-11-23 1991-04-17 Target-directed drilling rod

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0486750A3 (fr)
DE (1) DE4037262C2 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2478634A (en) * 2010-03-10 2011-09-14 Nat Oilwell Varco Lp Downhole inertial sensor and damping circuit
CN114233194A (zh) * 2021-12-02 2022-03-25 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 一种煤矿井下分体式水力造斜钻具组合及钻进方法

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6470974B1 (en) 1999-04-14 2002-10-29 Western Well Tool, Inc. Three-dimensional steering tool for controlled downhole extended-reach directional drilling

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3870101A (en) * 1973-04-25 1975-03-11 Baker Oil Tools Inc Removable subsea production test valve assembly
DE3000239A1 (de) * 1980-01-05 1981-07-16 Bergwerksverband Gmbh, 4300 Essen Einrichtung zur herstellung zielgerichteter bohrungen
DE3325962A1 (de) * 1983-07-19 1985-01-31 Bergwerksverband Gmbh, 4300 Essen Zielbohrstange fuer drehendes bohrgestaenge mit spuelkanal fuer den untertagebetrieb

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4947944A (en) * 1987-06-16 1990-08-14 Preussag Aktiengesellschaft Device for steering a drilling tool and/or drill string

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3870101A (en) * 1973-04-25 1975-03-11 Baker Oil Tools Inc Removable subsea production test valve assembly
DE3000239A1 (de) * 1980-01-05 1981-07-16 Bergwerksverband Gmbh, 4300 Essen Einrichtung zur herstellung zielgerichteter bohrungen
DE3325962A1 (de) * 1983-07-19 1985-01-31 Bergwerksverband Gmbh, 4300 Essen Zielbohrstange fuer drehendes bohrgestaenge mit spuelkanal fuer den untertagebetrieb

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
BBC-NACHRICHTEN Bd. 55, Nr. 1/2, 1973, MANNHEIM Seiten 3 - 9; ROSENBERG: 'Schaltende Regler' *
ELEKTROTECHNIK. Bd. 53, Nr. 1/2, 20. Januar 1971, WURZBURG DE Seiten 18 - 21; K]NZEL: 'Regelkreise mit Zweipunktreglern' *

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2478634A (en) * 2010-03-10 2011-09-14 Nat Oilwell Varco Lp Downhole inertial sensor and damping circuit
GB2478634B (en) * 2010-03-10 2012-02-08 Nat Oilwell Varco Lp Downhole tool
CN114233194A (zh) * 2021-12-02 2022-03-25 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 一种煤矿井下分体式水力造斜钻具组合及钻进方法
CN114233194B (zh) * 2021-12-02 2023-02-28 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 一种煤矿井下分体式水力造斜钻具组合及钻进方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0486750A3 (en) 1992-10-28
DE4037262C2 (de) 1994-05-05
DE4037262A1 (de) 1992-05-27

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