EP0486254B1 - Haut-parleur dynamique à faible distorsion - Google Patents

Haut-parleur dynamique à faible distorsion Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0486254B1
EP0486254B1 EP91310414A EP91310414A EP0486254B1 EP 0486254 B1 EP0486254 B1 EP 0486254B1 EP 91310414 A EP91310414 A EP 91310414A EP 91310414 A EP91310414 A EP 91310414A EP 0486254 B1 EP0486254 B1 EP 0486254B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pole piece
disposed
air gap
tube
front plate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91310414A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0486254A3 (en
EP0486254A2 (fr
Inventor
Carl Van Gelder
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
McINTOSH LABORATORY Inc
Original Assignee
McINTOSH LABORATORY Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by McINTOSH LABORATORY Inc filed Critical McINTOSH LABORATORY Inc
Publication of EP0486254A2 publication Critical patent/EP0486254A2/fr
Publication of EP0486254A3 publication Critical patent/EP0486254A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0486254B1 publication Critical patent/EP0486254B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/025—Magnetic circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2209/00—Details of transducers of the moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type covered by H04R9/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2209/022—Aspects regarding the stray flux internal or external to the magnetic circuit, e.g. shielding, shape of magnetic circuit, flux compensation coils

Definitions

  • the invention pertains to dynamic loudspeakers and, more particularly, to a dynamic loudspeaker having an increased power output with reduced harmonic distortion.
  • Present day construction of dynamic loudspeakers features a vibrating cone disposed in front of a pole piece with surrounding voice coil.
  • the voice coil is disposed in a magnetic air gap between the pole piece and a front plate.
  • the voice coil is caused to reciprocate axially within the magnetic air gap about the pole piece.
  • the present invention seeks to avoid a negative influence on the voice coil by non-symmetrical magnetic flux interactions produced in the magnetic air gap between the pole piece and the front plate.
  • Dynamic loudspeakers require a linear magnetic field to reproduce sound with minimum distortion. This requirement becomes most difficult at low frequencies and at high power levels, where there is large amplitude cone and voice coil movement. Improved performance can be achieved by fabricating the pole piece with a stepped configuration, i.e., a pole piece having first and second integral cylindrical sections with an upper cylindrical section having a wider diameter.
  • the second harmonic distortion has been difficult to eliminate. It is created by the non-symmetric interaction between the magnetic field generated by the voice coil and another magnetic field generated across the air gap through the front plate and the pole piece. This other magnetic field results from a ceramic magnet disposed adjacent the front plate and the pole piece.
  • Shielding techniques have been employed by others with various success. These prior art shielding methods utilize copper plated pole pieces, or the placement of a copper cylinder through the air gap. Copper plated pole pieces provide only a thin layer of shielding, which is not very effective. Placement of a copper cylinder in the air gap creates a wider air gap, which in turn reduces the power output of the speaker.
  • Another speaker construction has introduced a flux-stabilizing ring located away from the air gap/pole tip and around the pole piece adjacent to the back plate. This ring is claimed to maintain a constant level of magnetic energy in the voice coil gap.
  • UK Patent Application GB-A-2 034 154 teaches a loudspeaker having a diaphragm and an associated voice coil arranged in a cylindric air gap in a permanet magnet system, which comprises a rear pole member and a central part and and outer annular part projecting substantially concentrically from said rear pole member, the air gap being formed between the outer ends of these parts or pole members thereon.
  • JP2043897 of Japanese application number JP880194251 shows a loudspeaker whose center pole is covered by an antimagnetic layer of a superconducting material.
  • the present invention has improved the output power and lowered the second harmonic distortion of the speaker by placing two highly conductive, nonferromagnetic members adjacent the magnetic air gap on opposite sides of the wider section of a stepped cylindrical pole piece.
  • These highly conductive, nonferromagnetic members in addition to the careful selection of other structural members of the speaker, produces a twelve inch woofer with increased output and low distortion, particularly low distortion in the second harmonic.
  • the highly conductive, nonferromagnetic members used in the construction of the invention substantially shield the stepped pole piece in the vicinity of the air gap from a non-symmetrical interaction with the magnetic field generated by the voice coil.
  • the sandwich arrangement employed by the invention also effectively reduces voice coil inductance, thereby improving the power output while simultaneously increasing inductance symmetry, thereby reducing non-symmetric distortion. This in turn decreases the audible distortion, especially the second harmonic.
  • the invention features a dynamic loudspeaker having improved power output with reduced second harmonic distortion.
  • the improvement in the operating characteristics of the speaker of this invention results from two shielding members that surround and protect the pole piece of the speaker.
  • the harmonic distortion of the inventive loudspeaker has been reduced by more than ten decibels over the two octave band between 50 Hz and 200 Hz.
  • FIGURE 2 a prior art loudspeaker 300 is illustrated.
  • the speaker consists of a felt dust cap 1 attached to a paper cone 2.
  • Multi-stranded tinsel leads 3 are affixed to cone 2 and to insulated terminals (not shown) on the twelve inch steel basket 5.
  • a split aluminum bobbin voice coil 6 is disposed in an air gap 14 between a stepped pole piece 11 and a one-half inch steel front plate 8.
  • a phenolic impregnated cloth spider 4 is disposed between basket 5 and the base of cone 2.
  • An annular ceramic magnet 9 surrounds the central pole piece 11, and is disposed between the front plate 8 and a back plate 12 made of three-eighths inch steel.
  • a bolt 13 affixes the pole piece 11 to the back plate 12.
  • a paper, anti-buzz washer 15 is disposed between the bottom of basket 5 and the top of the front plate 8, as shown.
  • the careful selection of the above components of the prior art speaker provides a twelve inch woofer with low distortion, and in particular a speaker with low third order harmonics.
  • Such a speaker design has a "lower than average” level of second order harmonics, as depicted by the graph shown in FIGURE 3.
  • This graph depicts the general output power A slightly above the 101.5 decibel level, and the second order harmonic output B reaching the 84 decibel level at 80 Hz. This represents about 13% second harmonic distortion.
  • the invention has developed sandwich-type shielding.
  • the sandwich shielding reduces inductance, thereby increasing loudspeaker power output, while reducing non-symmetric distortion. This in turn decreases the audible distortion, especially with respect to the second order harmonics.
  • One of the advantages of the above sandwich-type shielding arrangement of this invention is the ability to place a large volume of shielding material about the pole piece.
  • the front plate can be sandwiched by appropriate nonferromagnetic and electrically conductive material similar to the stepped pole piece to obtain lower distortion instead of or in addition to the preferred embodiment described herein.
  • Such large volume shielding reduces the need for shielding materials within the air gap, with the resulting loss of output power.
  • FIGURE 1 depicts a speaker 200 with two copper tubes 18 and 19.
  • the copper tube 18 is a disposed on a top 17 of pole piece 11 while the copper tube 19 is disposed below a stepped portion 16 of pole piece 11. Both the copper tubes 18 and 19 effectively sandwich the pole piece 11.
  • FIGURE 1 improves the power output and reduces second harmonic distortion, as illustrated in FIGURE 4.
  • the upper curve A' shows a power output approaching 103.5 decibels, and a second harmonic output B' of below 65 decibels. This represents a second harmonic distortion of about 1.2%.
  • the air gap 14 is characterized as a 5.5 kilogauss cylindrical air gap, but the invention is not limited to this value and speakers with a different air gap flux level are feasible.
  • any of the parts can vary with the change of design of the speaker 200.
  • the elements 18 and 19 can change in size with changes in the speaker design.
  • Any nonferromagnetic and electrically conductive material can be used for the shielding members including aluminum and copper, but not limited thereto.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Audible-Bandwidth Dynamoelectric Transducers Other Than Pickups (AREA)

Claims (2)

  1. Haut-parleur dynamique possédant
    un cône (2) supporté de façon mobile à l'intérieur d'une coupelle (5), ladite coupelle étant supportée sur une plaque frontale (8), une plaque arrière (12) disposée derrière ladite plaque frontale (8), un aimant annulaire (9) disposé entre ladite plaque frontale (8) et ladite plaque arrière (12), une pièce polaire (11) disposée à l'intérieur dudit aimant annulaire (9) et supportée par ladite plaque arrière (12), ladite pièce polaire (11) formant un entrefer (14) avec ladite plaque avant (12) au travers duquel est créé un flux magnétique, une bobine mobile (6) fixée au cône (2) disposée à l'intérieur dudit entrefer (14),
    dans lequel ladite pièce polaire (11) est cylindrique et de forme étagée et dans lequel,
    ladite pièce polaire étagée cylindrique (11) comprend un premier cylindre disposé de façon contiguë à ladite plaque arrière (12) et un second cylindre plus large (16) disposé solidairement sur ledit premier cylindre, une surface cylindrique extérieure dudit second cylindre plus large (16) formant ledit entrefer (14) avec ladite plaque frontale (8),
       caractérisé en ce que
    un premier élément en forme de tube (18) est disposé entre ladite pièce polaire (11) et ledit cône (2),
    un second élément en forme de tube (19) est disposé entre ladite pièce polaire (11) et ledit aimant annulaire (9), lesdits premier et second éléments en forme de tube (18, 19) étant faits en matériau non ferromagnétique hautement conducteur; lesdits premier et second éléments en forme de tube (18, 19) étant espacés l'un de l'autre et étant disposés sur des faces d'extrémité opposées (17, 17.2) dudit second cylindre plus large (16) de ladite pièce polaire cylindrique (11), les deux éléments en forme de tube (18, 19) stratifiant la pièce polaire (11).
  2. Haut-parleur dynamique selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que
    lesdits premier et second éléments en forme de tube (18, 19) sont chacun constitués de cuivre ou d'aluminium.
EP91310414A 1990-11-13 1991-11-12 Haut-parleur dynamique à faible distorsion Expired - Lifetime EP0486254B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US611552 1990-11-13
US07/611,552 US5151943A (en) 1990-11-13 1990-11-13 Low distortion dynamic loudspeaker

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0486254A2 EP0486254A2 (fr) 1992-05-20
EP0486254A3 EP0486254A3 (en) 1992-10-28
EP0486254B1 true EP0486254B1 (fr) 1996-01-10

Family

ID=24449484

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91310414A Expired - Lifetime EP0486254B1 (fr) 1990-11-13 1991-11-12 Haut-parleur dynamique à faible distorsion

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5151943A (fr)
EP (1) EP0486254B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH04268900A (fr)
DE (1) DE69116317T2 (fr)
ES (1) ES2089151T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5450499A (en) * 1992-11-25 1995-09-12 Magnetic Resonance Equipment Corporation Audio speaker for use in an external magnetic field
US5815587A (en) * 1993-05-10 1998-09-29 Scan-Speak A/S Loudspeaker with short circuit rings at the voice coil
WO1996033592A1 (fr) * 1995-04-18 1996-10-24 Harman International Industries, Inc. Commande a deux bobines avec boitier multifonction
US6130954A (en) * 1996-01-02 2000-10-10 Carver; Robert W. High back-emf, high pressure subwoofer having small volume cabinet, low frequency cutoff and pressure resistant surround
DE19620692C1 (de) * 1996-05-22 1997-08-21 Becker Gmbh Lautsprecher
EP0919107A1 (fr) 1996-08-12 1999-06-02 CARVER, Robert Weir Subwoofer haute pression a force contre-electromotrice elevee
US6289106B1 (en) 1997-08-08 2001-09-11 Hong Long Industrial Co., Ltd. Cap and center pole apparatus and method of coupling
CN1265816A (zh) * 1997-08-08 2000-09-06 弘隆工业有限公司 帽和中心极装置以及用于使帽和中心极连接的方法
US6243472B1 (en) * 1997-09-17 2001-06-05 Frank Albert Bilan Fully integrated amplified loudspeaker
US6067365A (en) * 1998-09-25 2000-05-23 Morenz; Paul Loudspeaker
US6774510B1 (en) 2000-10-25 2004-08-10 Harman International Industries, Inc. Electromagnetic motor with flux stabilization ring, saturation tips, and radiator
US6373957B1 (en) 2001-05-14 2002-04-16 Harman International Industries, Incorporated Loudspeaker structure
US7039213B2 (en) * 2002-01-16 2006-05-02 Hyre David E Speaker driver
DE202004011694U1 (de) * 2004-07-26 2005-01-27 Adler, Inès, Dipl.-Ing. Lautsprechermagnet mit extrem starkem Antrieb
US8249292B1 (en) 2010-01-13 2012-08-21 Eminence Speaker, LLC Mechanically adjustable variable flux speaker
RU208879U1 (ru) * 2021-01-15 2022-01-19 Закрытое акционерное общество Научно-производственный центр Фирма «НЕЛК» Экранированное акустическое устройство

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2842999A1 (de) * 1978-10-03 1980-04-24 Braun Ag Vorrichtung zur waermeableitung bei dynamischen lautsprechern
DE2941615A1 (de) * 1978-10-18 1980-05-08 Ejvind Skaaning Lautsprecher
JPS59198B2 (ja) * 1979-07-06 1984-01-05 松下電器産業株式会社 動電型スピ−カ
DE2949115C3 (de) * 1979-12-06 1982-04-22 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt Dynamischer Wandler mit einer Schwingspule in einem mit einer magnetischen Flüssigkeit gefüllten Luftspalt und Verfahren zum Einfüllen und/oder gleichmäßigen Verteilen dieser Flüssigkeit
JPS6042558Y2 (ja) * 1980-04-17 1985-12-27 ソニー株式会社 スピ−カ
JPS5860899A (ja) * 1981-10-07 1983-04-11 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 高音再生用スピ−カ
US4661973A (en) * 1983-12-03 1987-04-28 Pioneer Electronic Corporation Minimization of distortion due to a voice coil displacement in a speaker unit
US4531025A (en) * 1984-03-19 1985-07-23 Intersonics Incorporated Loudspeaker with commutated coil drive
US4547632A (en) * 1984-04-04 1985-10-15 Electro-Voice, Incorporated Dynamic loudspeaker

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69116317D1 (de) 1996-02-22
EP0486254A3 (en) 1992-10-28
EP0486254A2 (fr) 1992-05-20
ES2089151T3 (es) 1996-10-01
DE69116317T2 (de) 1996-05-23
JPH04268900A (ja) 1992-09-24
US5151943A (en) 1992-09-29

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